KEY
2.4-3.1 Test Study Guide
Vocabulary:
Claim: Something that can be proven (Comes from a
hypothesis) ; statement of what is believed to be true
Hypothesis: Is an educated guess; should be testable
Evidence: Data found in the lab; info from experiment
Reasoning: Restate claim. Use to data to answer
questions/prove claims
Reactants: Are what is needed for a reaction to occur –
on left of arrow
Products: are what is made in a reaction– on right of
arrow
 produces, makes, yields, indicates a reaction is
occurs
Enzyme: are proteins that act as catalysts in living things
How are they controlled (what affects them)
Temp, pH, Concentration
Ex (from lab)
Catalase- reaction occurred more quickly when temp
increased or when concentration of hydrogen peroxide
increased.
Protein: an enzyme is a protein
Catalyst: a substrate that increases the rate of a chemical
reaction
Ex: catalase
Substrates: a reactant in a catalyst reaction
Energy
-plants- get energy from the sun
-animals-get energy from eating plants and animals
Energy Changes
-reactions that give off energy (energy releasing)
-reactions that need energy (energy absorbing)
Activation Energy-energy required for a reaction to occur; CATALYSTS
reduce the required amount of activation energy
Biotic Factors: Are the living components of the environment. They
include all of the living things that affect the organism.
Abiotic Factors: Are the nonliving factors. They are the physical and
chemical characteristics of the environment.
Ecology: Is the scientific study of interactions between organisms &
their physical environment.
Levels in Ecology
1. THE BIOSPHERE
▪THE BROADEST, MOST INCLUSIVE LEVEL
▪THE BIOSPHERE IS THE THIN VOLUME OF EARTH AND ITS
ATMOSPHERE THAT SUPPORTS LIFE
1. Biosphere
2. Ecosystem
3. Community
4. Populations
5. Individual Organism
▪ALL ORGANISMS ARE FOUND IN THE BIOSPHERE
▪LIVING THINGS ARE NOT DISTRIBUTED EVENLY THROUGHOUT
THE BIOSPHERE
2. ECOSYSTEM
▪AN ECOSYSTEM INCLUDES ALL OF THE ORGANISMS AND THE
NONLIVING ENVIRONMENT FOUND IN A PARTICULAR PLACE.
CONSIDER A POND ECOSYSTEM
3. COMMUNITY
▪A COMMUNITY IS ALL THE INTERACTING ORGANISMS LIVING IN
AN AREA.
▪ECOLOGISTS OFTEN FOCUS ON HOW SPECIES INTERACT AND
HOW THESE INTERACTIONS INFLUENCE THE NATURE OF THE
COMMUNITY.
4. POPULATION
▪A POPULATION INCLUDES ALL THE MEMBERS OF A SPECIES
THAT LIVE IN ONE PLACE AT ONE TIME.
5. ORGANISM
▪THE SIMPLEST LEVEL OF ORGANIZATION IN ECOLOGY
Concepts:
The use of catalase in the human body- breaks down hydrogen peroxide in the human body
(H2O2)
What is it? An enzyme
Where is it found? Human liver (also in potatoes
Affected by pH, concentration and temperature
Problem solving:
List 3 biotic factors that affect:
1. amount of grass (for food)
2. oxygen concentration (breathing)
3. number of natural predators
An enzyme reaction was completed in the lab. The following information was gathered:
Temperature
Time (in sec.) to
react
Of reactants
3 0C
15
28 0C
6
37 0C
3
State a claim:
Develop a reasoning (be sure to include your claim and refer to specific data)
1. Biosphere
Fact: THE BROADEST, MOST INCLUSIVE LEVEL
Fact: This level IS THE THIN VOLUME OF EARTH AND ITS ATMOSPHERE THAT
SUPPORTS LIFE
Fact: ALL ORGANISMS ARE FOUND HERE
Fact: LIVING THINGS ARE NOT DISTRIBUTED EVENLY HERE
2. Community
Fact: IS ALL THE INTERACTING ORGANISMS LIVING IN AN AREA.
Fact: ECOLOGISTS OFTEN FOCUS ON HOW SPECIES INTERACT AND HOW THESE
INTERACTIONS INFLUENCE THE NATURE OF THIS LEVEL
3. Population
Fact: INCLUDES ALL THE MEMBERS OF A SPECIES THAT LIVE IN ONE PLACE AT
ONE TIME.
4. Organism
Fact: THE SIMPLEST LEVEL OF ORGANIZATION IN ECOLOGY
5. Ecosystem
Fact: INCLUDES ALL OF THE ORGANISMS AND THE NONLIVING ENVIRONMENT
FOUND IN A PARTICULAR PLACE.