Name _________________________________________ PD _______ EVEN/ODD
Safety and Emergencies Notes
Lesson 1: Safety at Home
Vocabulary
1. Accident: an unexpected event that may lead to injury
2. Smoke Detector: a small, battery-operated alarm that detects smoke from a fire
3. Fire extinguisher: a device that releases chemicals to put out a fire
4. Carbon Monoxide: a colorless, odorless gas, toxic to humans in high concentrations
Accidents
• Accidents are unexpected and can happen anywhere, possibly causing injury
• Many steps can be taken to prevent accidents from happening and reduce the risk
of someone being injured
• By being aware of your surroundings and thinking before you act, you can create a
safer environment
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Falls
Everyone has fallen at some point in their lives, some more than others
With most falls, people aren’t hurt, but they can cause serious injury
Ways to prevent falls include
– Putting toys away, clear stairs
– Wiping up spills
– Using a stable object to get items out of reach
– Use safety gates in front of stairs to protect small children
Safety gear can help prevent injury in falls while cycling or skating. Use protective
gear, and ALWAYS WEAR A HELMET!!!
Fires
Fire is hot, it can cause burns, and inhaling smoke can injure your lungs
Fires can be caused by open flames, frayed electrical cords, and overloaded power
outlets
For fire safety, have smoke detectors in each room, checking them once a month to
make sure they are working
Fire extinguishers are also great to have
Make an escape plan!!
In case of fire:
– Go outside, do not hide in the house
– Fall and crawl, it’s easier to breath the lower you are
– Use the back of your hand to test if doors are hot before you open them,
never touch the door knob
• If door is hot, find another way out
– If you are on fire... Stop, Drop, & Roll until fire is out
– Have a meeting place outside in your evacuation plan
– Call 911, once you are safely OUTSIDE
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Electrical Shock
Electric shock is a painful jolt caused by direct contact with electricity
This can stop a victim’s heart or stop the victim’s breathing
Many victims have burns and internal injuries
To avoid electrical shock
– Don’t touch bare electrical wires
– Avoid putting too many plugs in an outlet
– Keep electric appliances, like hairdryers, away from water
– Use safety on outlets if small children are in the home
Poisons
• Many household items can cause poisoning
– Cleaning products, pesticides, car fluids
– These items should be placed out of a child’s reach
• Carbon monoxide detectors can be used to warn of dangerous carbon monoxide
levels
– Carbon monoxide poisoning can occur when exhaust systems are
malfunctioning
• Poison Control # 800-222-1222
Emergency Phone Calls
• Keep an emergency phone number list next to your phone
– Police department, fire department, poison control
• When making an emergency phone call, give…
– Your name
– Location
– Type of emergency
– Condition of the victim if someone is hurt
– What you have done to care for the victim
• Always get away from danger before you call for help
Lesson 2: Safety Outside the Home
Vocabulary
1. Life jacket: a vest that keeps you floating in water
Road Safety
• Vehicle accidents are the leading cause of injury and death for children and teens
• It’s important to pay attention to traffic and follow the rules of the road
• If you are cycling, skating, or just walking along the road, wear bright clothes and
avoid being on the road after dark
Vehicle Safety
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Wear your seat belt!
Seat belts must be worn correctly for it to help
Younger children should use a booster seat
People younger than 12 should not sit in the front seat, as air bags can injure
younger people
The safest part of the car is the back seat
Do not distract the driver
Water Safety
Thousands of people drown each year
Drowning is an accident you can avoid by following water safety rules and wearing
a life jacket
For swimming safety…
– Learn how to swim
– Never swim alone
– Obey posted safety warnings
– Swim in designated areas
– Avoid areas where no life guard is on duty
– Watch out for boats
– Swim parallel to the shore, not away from it
– Avoid swimming in rough water
– Don’t dive in shallow water
Boating Safety
Always wear a life jacket while boating
– Many states require everyone in the boat to have a life jacket
You should always go with an experienced person
Do not stand in the boat
Avoid boating in bad weather
Avoid rough water unless you know how to handle it
Lesson 3: Safety at School
Vocabulary
1. Violence: using physical force to hurt someone or cause damage
2. Weapon: an item used to attack or defend in a fight
Violence in Schools
• Many things can lead to violence
– Anger: people that can’t control their anger get violent
– Stress: students can be stressed with things from home or school, which
causes frustration. Some take out their frustration on others
– Illegal Drugs: people act differently when they use illegal drugs. They may
hurt others while on drugs, or they may want the drug so bad that they will
hurt others to get it
– Prejudice: this can cause some people to dislike or try to hurt others
because they are different
– Negative Peer Pressure: sometimes people are violent because they want to
fit in or they are pressured by someone else
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Staying Safe in Schools
There are many ways you can avoid violence in schools
If you don’t feel safe, talk to your parents or school counselor
If you hear about a violent situation, tell an adult
Use your refusal skills and learn conflict management skills
Find positive ways to spend your time and surround yourself with positive
influences
Lesson 4: Weather Emergencies and Natural Disasters
Vocabulary
1. Natural Disaster: a natural event that causes widespread injury, death, and
property damage
2. Thunderstorm: heavy rainstorms that have strong winds, lightning, and thunder
3. Tornado: a spinning column of air that has high wind speed and touched the
ground
4. Hurricane: a large spinning tropical weather system that has wind speeds of at
least 74 miles per hour
5. Flood: an overflowing of water into areas that are normally dry
6. Earthquake: a shaking of the Earth’s surface caused by movement along a break in
the Earth’s crust
Weather Emergencies
• Bad weather can be dangerous
• To know when the weather has become dangerous, turn on the TV or radio where
they will use an Emergency Alert System
• The emergency alert system sends out a tone followed by instructions about
staying safe
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Thunderstorms
Thunderstorms happen when warm, moist air rises quickly
Tall dark clouds form and release excess electrical energy as lightning, which
transfers energy to air
The air expands and sends out sound waves, thunder
Lightning is the most dangerous part of thunderstorms and it is attracted to tall
objects
To stay safe in thunderstorms, stay away from trees, open fields, and bodies of
water
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Tornadoes
Weather forecasts use watches and warnings to let people know about tornadoes
Watch- tornado may happen
Warning- tornado had been spotted
If there is a tornado warning, find shelter
– If inside, go to basement or cellar
• If you don't have one, find a windowless room in building center
– If outside, try to find shelter indoors, otherwise lie down in a large open field
or a deep ditch
Hurricanes
Hurricanes form over warm, tropical areas of the ocean and can last several days
Wind speeds of most hurricanes reach 74-93 miles per hour, and some reach 190
Hurricanes produce major rains and heavy surf
Weather service will give warning if there is a Hurricane
People on shore are asked to move inland to wait out the storm
Floods
Floods tend to happen near rivers or creeks, as well as around lakes and the ocean
Floods also have watches and warnings
A flash flood is a flood that rises and falls with little warning, often caused by heavy
rainfall over a short period of time or by dam failure
If there is a flood, get to high ground to wait out the flood
Stay out of floodwaters, even shallow water can be dangerous if it is fast moving
Earthquakes
Earthquakes only last a few seconds, but can cause a lot of damage
They can damage buildings and other structures, you may lose electricity and
water, and they can also cause landslides
If inside during an earthquake…
– Kneel or lie face down under a heavy table
– Stay away from windows and cover your head
If outside…
– Find an open area, avoid buildings, power lines, and trees
– Lie down and cover your head
If in a car…
– Have driver stop the car in an open area
– Stay in car until earthquake is over