List of excluded reviews after assessing full text (n=93)
Citation
Reason for Exclusion
1. Accuracy, efficacy and ethics of abstinence-only programs questioned.
AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2008; 22(10):837-838.
Narrative review or commentary
2. Amon JJ. Preventing HIV infections in children and adolescents in subSaharan Africa through integrated care and support activities: A review
of the literature. African Journal of AIDS Research. 2002; 1(2):143149.
No evaluation of intervention efficacy on HIV riskrelated outcomes
3. Arnold EM, Rotheram-Borus MJ. Comparisons of prevention programs
for homeless youth. Prev Sci. 2009; 10(1):76-86.
No evaluation of intervention efficacy on HIV riskrelated outcomes
4. Askin S. Review: HIV risk reduction interventions reduce some HIV
risk behaviours in adolescents. Evid Based Nurs. 2004; 7(1):11-11.
Narrative review or commentary
5. Barham L, Lewis D, Latimer N. One to one interventions to reduce
sexually transmitted infections and under the age of 18 conceptions: a
systematic review of the economic evaluations. Sex Transm Infect.
2007; 83(6):441-446.
Not strictly behavioral HIV prevention (e.g., pregnancy
prevention, STI contact tracing, mass media
campaigns, sexual health interventions)
6. Beadnell B. Testing mediating mechanisms in theory-based
interventions: contributions to efficacy research. J Adolesc Health.
2007; 41(4):317-318.
Narrative review or commentary
7. Bok M. A review of attitudes, social policy and educational materials
on adolescent sexuality and HIV preventionJ HIV/AIDS Prev Educ
Adolesc Child. 2002; 5(1/2):45-60.
8. Charania MR, Crepaz N, Guenther-Gray C, et al. Efficacy of
structural-level condom distribution interventions: A meta-analysis of
U.S. and international studies, 1998–2007. AIDS Behav. 2011;
15(7):1283-1297.
Narrative review or commentary
9. Chookaew N. A meta-analysis of adolescent HIV/AIDS prevention
intervention programs from 1990 to 2002 in the United States,
University of Maryland, Baltimore; 2004.
10. Chou R, Selph S, Dana T, et al. Screening for HIV: Systematic Review
to Update the 2005 U.S. Preventive Services Task Force
Recommendation. Ann Intern Med. 2012; 157(10):706-718.
Not targeting adolescents (<19 years old) exclusively
11. Congress of the U.S WDCOoTA. How Effective Is AIDS Education?
AIDS Related Issues Staff Paper 31988.
Narrative review or commentary
12. Crews M, Bhugra D. A critical review. Sexual & Relationship
Therapy. 2007; 22(2):273-279.
Narrative review or commentary
13. Dick B, Ferguson J, Ross DA. Preventing HIV/AIDS in young people.
A systematic review of the evidence from developing countries.
Introduction and rationale. World Health Organization Tech Rep Ser.
2006; 938:1-13.
Not targeting adolescents (<19 years old) exclusively
14. DiClemente RJ, Crosby RA. Preventing sexually transmitted infections
among adolescents: 'the glass is half full'. Curr Opin Infect Dis. Feb
2006; 19(1):39-43.
Narrative review or commentary
15. DiClemente RJ, Wingood GM. Human immunodeficiency virus
prevention for adolescents: windows of opportunity for optimizing
intervention effectiveness. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2003;
157(4):319-320.
16. Gentry S, van-Velthoven MH, Tudor Car L, Car J. Telephone delivered
interventions for reducing morbidity and mortality in people with HIV
infection. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013(5).
Narrative review or commentary
17. George Hartell C. HIV/AIDS IN SOUTH AFRICA: A REVIEW OF
SEXUAL BEHAVIOR AMONG ADOLESCENTS. Adolescence.
2005; 40(157):171-181.
Narrative review or commentary
Not strictly behavioral HIV prevention (e.g., pregnancy
prevention, STI contact tracing, mass media
campaigns, sexual health interventions)
Not strictly behavioral HIV prevention (e.g., pregnancy
prevention, STI contact tracing, mass media
campaigns, sexual health interventions)
No evaluation of intervention efficacy on HIV riskrelated outcomes
1
Citation
Reason for Exclusion
18. Grunseit AC, Aggleton P. Lessons learned: An update on the published
literature concerning the impact of HIV and sexuality education for
young people. Health Educ. 1998; 98(2):45-54.
19. Harper GW, Lemos D, Velcoff J, Benjamin JG. Empirically based
sexual risk reduction interventions for university and college students.
In: McAnulty RD, ed. Sex in college: The things they don't write home
about. Santa Barbara, CA US: Praeger/ABC-CLIO; 2012:221-241.
Not strictly behavioral HIV prevention (e.g., pregnancy
prevention, STI contact tracing, mass media
campaigns, sexual health interventions)
20. Harrison A, Newell ML, Imrie J, Hoddinott G. HIV prevention for
South African youth: which interventions work? A systematic review
of current evidence. BMC Public Health. 2010; 10:102.
Not targeting adolescents (<19 years old) exclusively
21. Hartell CG. The Status of HIV/AIDS and Education Research Among
Adolescents in South Africa. Int J Adolesc Youth. 2003; 11(2):113133.
No evaluation of intervention efficacy on HIV riskrelated outcomes
22. Holtgrave DR, Qualls NL, Curran JW, Valdiserri RO, Guinan ME,
Parra WC. An overview of the effectiveness and efficiency of HIV
prevention programs. Public Health Rep. 1995; 110(2):134-146.
Narrative review or commentary
23. Jacobs DB. HIV prevention with adolescents: what works and why.
US, ProQuest Information & Learning; 1997.
Narrative review or commentary
24. Jemmott JB, III, Jemmott LS. HIV behavioral interventions for
adolescents in community settings. In: Peterson JL, DiClemente RJ,
eds. Handbook of HIV prevention. Dordrecht Netherlands: Kluwer
Academic Publishers; 2000:103-127.
Not targeting adolescents (<19 years old) exclusively
25. Jemmott JB, III, Jemmott LS. Strategies to reduce the risk of HIV
infection, sexually transmitted diseases, and pregnancy among African
American adolescents. In: Resnick RJ, Rozensky RH, eds. Health
psychology through the life span: Practice and research opportunities.
Washington, DC US: American Psychological Association; 1996:395422.
Not strictly behavioral HIV prevention (e.g., pregnancy
prevention, STI contact tracing, mass media
campaigns, sexual health interventions)
26. Johnson BT, Carey MP, Marsh KL, Levin KD, Scott-Sheldon LA.
Interventions to reduce sexual risk for the human immunodeficiency
virus in adolescents, 1985-2000: a research synthesis. Arch Pediatr
Adolesc Med. 2003; 157(4):381-388.
Duplicate/updated publication
27. Kang M, Skinner R, Usherwood T. Interventions for young people in
Australia to reduce HIV and sexually transmissible infections: a
systematic review. Sex Health. 2010; 7(2):107-128.
Not strictly behavioral HIV prevention (e.g., pregnancy
prevention, STI contact tracing, mass media
campaigns, sexual health interventions)
28. Kaplan C. Review: behavioural counselling reduces sexually
transmitted infections in adults and adolescents. Evid Based Nurs.
2009; 12(2):46-46.
Narrative review or commentary
29. Kim CC, Rector R, Heritage F. Evidence on the Effectiveness of
Abstinence Education: An Update. No. 2372: Heritage Foundation;
2010.
Narrative review or commentary
30. Kim CR, Free C. Recent evaluations of the peer-led approach in
adolescent sexual health education: a systematic review. Perspect Sex
Reprod Health. 2008; 40(3):144-151.
Not strictly behavioral HIV prevention (e.g., pregnancy
prevention, STI contact tracing, mass media
campaigns, sexual health interventions)
31. Kirby D, Crosby RA, Santelli JS, DiClemente RJ. Interventions to
prevent pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV
infection. In: DiClemente RJ, Santelli JS, Crosby RA, eds. Adolescent
health: Understanding and preventing risk behaviors. San Francisco,
CA US: Jossey-Bass; 2009:303-335.
Not strictly behavioral HIV prevention (e.g., pregnancy
prevention, STI contact tracing, mass media
campaigns, sexual health interventions)
32. Kirby D, Obasi A, Laris BA. The effectiveness of sex education and
HIV education interventions in schools in developing countries. World
Health Organ Tech Rep Ser. 2006; 938:103-150.
Not strictly behavioral HIV prevention (e.g., pregnancy
prevention, STI contact tracing, mass media
campaigns, sexual health interventions)
Not targeting adolescents (<19 years old) exclusively
2
Citation
Reason for Exclusion
33. Kirby D, Short L, Collins J, et al. School-based programs to reduce
sexual risk behaviors: a review of effectiveness. Public Health Rep.
1994; 109(3):339-360.
Not strictly behavioral HIV prevention (e.g., pregnancy
prevention, STI contact tracing, mass media
campaigns, sexual health interventions)
34. Kirby D. Effective approaches to reducing adolescent unprotected sex,
pregnancy, and childbearing. J Sex Res. 2002; 39(1):51-57.
Not strictly behavioral HIV prevention (e.g., pregnancy
prevention, STI contact tracing, mass media
campaigns, sexual health interventions)
35. Kirby D. School-based prevention programs: design, evaluation, and
effectiveness. In: DiClemente RJ, ed. Adolescents and AIDS: a
generation in jeopardy. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications;
1992:159-180.
Narrative review or commentary
36. Kirby D. School-based programs to reduce sexual risk-taking
behaviors. J Sch Health. 1992; 62(7):280-287.
Narrative review or commentary
37. Kirby D. Sexuality and sex education at home and school. Adolesc
Med. 1999; 10(2):195-209.
No evaluation of intervention efficacy on HIV riskrelated outcomes
38. Kirby D. Sexuality education: it can reduce unprotected intercourse.
SIECUS Rep. 1993; 21(2):19-25.
Narrative review or commentary
39. Kirby D. The impact of schools and school programs upon adolescent
sexual behavior. J Sex Res. 2002; 39(1):27-33.
Narrative review or commentary
40. Kirby DB, Laris BA, Rolleri LA. Sex and HIV education programs:
their impact on sexual behaviors of young people throughout the world.
J Adolesc Health. 2007; 40(3):206-217.
Not strictly behavioral HIV prevention (e.g., pregnancy
prevention, STI contact tracing, mass media
campaigns, sexual health interventions)
41. Kristien M, Matthew C, Stanley L, Ronan VR, Marleen T.
Concurrency and the limited effectiveness of behavioural interventions
on sexual risk behaviour of youth in sub-Saharan Africa. Aids. 2010;
24(13):2140-2142.
Narrative review or commentary
42. Lagana L, Hayes DM. Contraceptive health programs for adolescents:
a critical review. Adolescence. 1993; 28(110):347-359.
Narrative review or commentary
43. Lazarus JV, Sihvonen-Riemenschneider H, Laukamm-Josten U, Wong
F, Liljestrand J. Systematic review of interventions to prevent the
spread of sexually transmitted infections, including HIV, among young
people in Europe. Croat Med J. 2010; 51(1):74-84.
44. Lightfoot M, Milburn N. Common elements of family-based HIV
interventions for adolescents. Couple and Family Psychology:
Research and Practice. 2012; 1(2):120-133.
Not targeting adolescents (<19 years old) exclusively
45. Lin JS, Whitlock E, O'Connor E, Bauer V. Behavioral counseling to
prevent sexually transmitted infections: a systematic review for the
U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Ann Intern Med. 2008;
149(7):497-508.
Not targeting adolescents (<19 years old) exclusively
46. Lyles CM, Kay LS, Crepaz N, et al. Best-Evidence Interventions:
Findings From a Systematic Review of HIV Behavioral Interventions
for US Populations at High Risk, 2000-2004. Am J Public Health.
2007; 97(1):133-143.
Not targeting adolescents (<19 years old) exclusively
47. Magnussen L, Ehiri JE, Ejere HO, Jolly PE. Interventions to prevent
HIV/AIDS among adolescents in less developed countries: are they
effective? Int J Adolesc Med Health. 2004; 16(4):303-323.
Not targeting adolescents (<19 years old) exclusively
48. Maticka-Tyndale E, Barnett JP. Peer-led interventions to reduce HIV
risk of youth: a review. Eval Program Plann. 2010; 33(2):98-112.
Not targeting adolescents (<19 years old) exclusively
49. Maticka-Tyndale E, Brouillard-Coylea C. The effectiveness of
community interventions targeting HIV and AIDS prevention at young
people in developing countries. World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser.
2006; 938: 243-285.
Not targeting adolescents (<19 years old) exclusively
Narrative review or commentary
3
Citation
Reason for Exclusion
50. McCoy SI, Kangwende RA, Padian NS. Behavior change interventions
to prevent HIV infection among women living in low and middle
income countries: a systematic review. AIDS Behav. 2010; 14(3):469482.
Not targeting adolescents (<19 years old) exclusively
51. McKay A. Prevention of sexually transmitted infections in different
populations: a review of behaviourally effective and cost-effective
interventions. Can J Hum Sex. 2000; 9(2):95-120.
Cherry-picked literature (reports must have only
significant, positive results)
52. McKay A. Research supports broady-based sex education. Can J Hum
Sex. 1993; 2(2):89-98.
Not strictly behavioral HIV prevention (e.g., pregnancy
prevention, STI contact tracing, mass media
campaigns, sexual health interventions)
53. Meade CS, Ickovics JR. Systematic review of sexual risk among
pregnant and mothering teens in the USA: pregnancy as an opportunity
for integrated prevention of STD and repeat pregnancy. Soc Sci Med.
2005; 60(4):661-678.
Not strictly behavioral HIV prevention (e.g., pregnancy
prevention, STI contact tracing, mass media
campaigns, sexual health interventions)
54. Michielsen K, Chersich MF, Luchters S, De Koker P, Van Rossem R,
Temmerman M. Effectiveness of HIV prevention for youth in subSaharan Africa: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized
and nonrandomized trials. Aids. 2010; 24(8):1193-1202.
55. Napierala Mavedzenge SM, Doyle AM, Ross DA. HIV Prevention in
Young People in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review. J Adolesc
Health. 2011; 49(6):568-586.
Not targeting adolescents (<19 years old) exclusively
56. Naranbhai V, Abdool Karim Q, Meyer-Weitz A. Interventions to
modify sexual risk behaviours for preventing HIV in homeless youth.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011(1):CD007501.
Not targeting adolescents (<19 years old) exclusively
57. New York State Education Dept AEP, Studies Information S.
Adolescent Behavior Change: A Review 1990.
Narrative review or commentary
58. Oringanje C, Meremikwu MM, Eko H, Esu E, Meremikwu A, Ehiri JE.
Interventions for preventing unintended pregnancies among
adolescents. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009(4):CD005215.
Not strictly behavioral HIV prevention (e.g., pregnancy
prevention, STI contact tracing, mass media
campaigns, sexual health interventions)
59. Ott MA, Santelli JS. Abstinence and abstinence-only education. Curr
Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2007; 19(5):446-452.
Narrative review or commentary
60. Peersman GV, Levy JA. Focus and effectiveness of HIV-prevention
efforts for young people. Aids. 1998; 12 Suppl A: S191-196.
61. Pequegnat W, Bray JH. HIV/STD prevention interventions for couples
and families: A review and introduction to the Special Issue. Couple
and Family Psychology: Research and Practice. 2012; 1(2):79-93.
62. Pettifor A, MacPhail C, Nguyen N, Rosenberg M. Can money prevent
the spread of HIV? A review of cash payments for HIV prevention.
AIDS Behav. 2012; 16(7):1729-1738.
Narrative review or commentary
63. Picot J, Shepherd J, Kavanagh J, et al. Behavioural Interventions for
the Prevention of Sexually Transmitted Infections in Young People
Aged 13-19 Years: A Systematic Review. Health Educ Res. 2012;
27(3):495-512.
64. Pinkerton SD, Cecil H, Holtgrave DR. HIV/STD prevention
interventions for adolescents: cost-effectiveness considerations. J
HIV/AIDS Prev Educ Adolesc Child1998; 2(2):5-31.
Duplicate/updated publication
65. Pinkerton SD, Holtgrave DR, Jemmott JB, 3rd. Economic evaluation of
HIV risk reduction intervention in African-American male adolescents.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2000; 25(2):164-172.
No evaluation of intervention efficacy on HIV riskrelated outcomes
66. Price N, Knibbs S. How effective is peer education in addressing
young people's sexual and reproductive health needs in developing
countries? Children & Society. 2009; 23(4):291-302.
Narrative review or commentary
Not targeting adolescents (<19 years old) exclusively
Narrative review or commentary
Not strictly behavioral HIV prevention (e.g., pregnancy
prevention, STI contact tracing, mass media
campaigns, sexual health interventions)
Narrative review or commentary
4
Citation
Reason for Exclusion
67. Rector R, Heritage Foundation WDC. The Effectiveness of Abstinence
Education Programs in Reducing Sexual Activity among Youth. The
Heritage Foundation Backgrounder; 2002.
Narrative review or commentary
68. Robin L, Dittus P, Whitaker D, et al. Behavioral interventions to
reduce incidence of HIV, STD, and pregnancy among adolescents: a
decade in review. J Adolesc Health. 2004; 34(1):3-26.
Not strictly behavioral HIV prevention (e.g., pregnancy
prevention, STI contact tracing, mass media
campaigns, sexual health interventions)
69. Robinson KL. A meta-analytic review of school-based sexuality
education in the United States [Ph.D.]. United States -- Ohio, The
University of Toledo; 1998.
Not strictly behavioral HIV prevention (e.g., pregnancy
prevention, STI contact tracing, mass media
campaigns, sexual health interventions)
70. Rojas M, Braun-Courville D, Nucci-Sack A, Diaz A. Brief
motivational interventions for adolescent health promotion in clinical
settings. In: DiClemente RJ, Santelli JS, Crosby RA, eds. Adolescent
health: Understanding and preventing risk behaviors. San Francisco,
CA US: Jossey-Bass; 2009:493-510.
Not strictly behavioral HIV prevention (e.g., pregnancy
prevention, STI contact tracing, mass media
campaigns, sexual health interventions)
71. Ross DA, Wight D, Dowsett G, Buve A, Obasi AI. The weight of
evidence: a method for assessing the strength of evidence on the
effectiveness of HIV prevention interventions among young people.
World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser. 2006; 938:79-102.
Narrative review or commentary
72. Ross DA. Behavioural interventions to reduce HIV risk: what works?
Aids. 2010;24 Suppl 4:S4-14.
Not targeting adolescents (<19 years old) exclusively
73. Rotheram-Borus MJ, O'Keefe Z, Kracker R, Foo H-H. Prevention of
HIV among adolescents. Prevention Science. 2000; 1(1):15-30.
Narrative review or commentary
74. Safe sex vs. abstinence: which is most effective? AIDS Alert. 1998;
13(7):78-79.
Narrative review or commentary
75. Sales JM, Milhausen RR, Diclemente RJ. A decade in review: building
on the experiences of past adolescent STI/HIV interventions to
optimise future prevention efforts. Sex Transm Infect. 2006; 82(6):431436.
Not targeting adolescents (<19 years old) exclusively
76. Semaan S, Kay L, Strouse D, et al. A profile of U.S.-based trials of
behavioral and social interventions for HIV risk reduction. J Acquir
Immune Defic Syndr. 2002; 30 Suppl 1:S30-50.
No evaluation of intervention efficacy on HIV riskrelated outcomes
77. Sex education leads to safer behaviour. Glob AIDSnews. 1993(4):1-2.
Narrative review or commentary
78. Snyder MK. A meta-analysis of media-based HIV prevention education
for adolescents [Ph.D.]. United States -- Texas, Texas Woman's
University; 1996.
Not strictly behavioral HIV prevention (e.g., pregnancy
prevention, STI contact tracing, mass media
campaigns, sexual health interventions)
79. Solomon B, McGuinn L, Hoerlein M, Basco W, Rowe P, Lehmann H.
Is human immunodeficiency virus sexual risk prevention intervention
effective? Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2001;155(10):1127-1130.
Narrative review or commentary
80. Speizer IS, Magnani RJ, Colvin CE. The effectiveness of adolescent
reproductive health interventions in developing countries: a review of
the evidence. J Adolesc Health. 2003; 33(5):324-348.
Not strictly behavioral HIV prevention (e.g., pregnancy
prevention, STI contact tracing, mass media
campaigns, sexual health interventions)
81. Tao G, Remafedi G. Economic evaluation of an HIV prevention
intervention for gay and bisexual male adolescents. J Acquir Immune
Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1998; 17(1):83-90.
82. Tolli MV. Effectiveness of Peer Education Interventions for HIV
Prevention, Adolescent Pregnancy Prevention and Sexual Health
Promotion for Young People: A Systematic Review of European
Studies. Health Educ Res. 2012; 27(5):904-913.
Narrative review or commentary
83. Underhill K, Montgomery P, Operario D. Abstinence-plus programs
for HIV infection prevention in high-income countries. Cochrane
Database Syst Rev. 2008(1):CD007006.
Not targeting adolescents (<19 years old) exclusively
Not targeting adolescents (<19 years old) exclusively
5
Citation
Reason for Exclusion
84. Underhill K, Montgomery P, Operario D. Sexual abstinence only
programmes to prevent HIV infection in high income countries:
Systematic review. BMJ. 2007; 335 (7613).
Not targeting adolescents (<19 years old) exclusively
85. Underhill K, Operario D, Montgomery P. Abstinence-only programs
for HIV infection prevention in high-income countries. Cochrane
Database Syst Rev. 2007(4):CD005421.
Not targeting adolescents (<19 years old) exclusively
86. Underhill K, Operario D, Montgomery P. Systematic review of
abstinence-plus HIV prevention programs in high-income countries.
PLoS Med. 2007; 4(9):e275.
Not targeting adolescents (<19 years old) exclusively
87. Weed R. Meta-analysis of school-based HIV prevention interventions
for adolescents [M.A.]. United States -- California, California State
University, Long Beach; 2006.
Narrative review or commentary
88. Whaley AL. Preventing the high-risk sexual behavior of adolescents:
focus on HIV/AIDS transmission, unintended pregnancy, or both? J
Adolesc Health. 1999; 24(6):376-382.
Not strictly behavioral HIV prevention (e.g., pregnancy
prevention, STI contact tracing, mass media
campaigns, sexual health interventions)
89. White S, Deblassie R. Adolescent sexual behavior. Adolescence. 1992;
27(105):183-183.
Not strictly behavioral HIV prevention (e.g., pregnancy
prevention, STI contact tracing, mass media
campaigns, sexual health interventions)
90. Wong ML. Behavioural interventions in the control of human
immunodeficiency virus and other sexually transmitted diseases--a
review. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 1995; 24(4):602-607.
Not targeting adolescents (<19 years old) exclusively
91. Wren PA, Janz NK, Carovano K, Zimmerman MA, Washienko KM.
Preventing the spread of AIDS in youth: principles of practice from 11
diverse projects. J Adolesc Health. 1997; 21(5):309-317.
Narrative review or commentary
92. Yamada J. Review: health education interventions offering information
plus sexual negotiation skill development promote increased condom
use in women. Evid Based Nurs. 2000; 3(1):16-16.
Narrative review or commentary
93. Yankah E, Aggleton P. Effects and effectiveness of life skills education
for HIV prevention in young people. AIDS Educ Prev. 2008;20(6):465485.
Not targeting adolescents (<19 years old) exclusively
6