BLOCK 5: MUSIC
Through history it has been proved that music has the capacity to influence human beings in all its
aspects: biological, physiological, psychological, intellectually, social, and spiritual.
Pythagoras followers said, “medicine purifies the body, music purifies the soul”.
Music has always played an important role in learning and culture, being part of the tradition of a
country or region. It is part of the cultural practices of young people as an element to socialize and at
the same time as a personality character.
It is important to know, appreciate, and interpret music as as part of social development.
Music is the art and the science of creating sounds, communicate feelings, and production of different
emotions in an audience (publico).
The origin of the word MUSIC comes from the word MUSE, which in Ancient Greece referred to female
mythological beings that inspired artists. The muses had the mission to entertain the Gods.
Nowadays, the music that we listen to in shops, transportation, in public places, on advertisements on
TV, in the movies, the ringtones of mobile phones, in the technological world, etc.
1.1 HISTORY OF MUSIC
1.1 HISTORY OF MUSIC
1. Prehistory (50.000 BC – 5000 BC) Man found in nature a source for music. He used bones, shells,
tree trunks and branches, and stones as instruments. Music was used in festive rituals for successful
hunts, wars, or celebrations. The warriors and the people danced around the fire to the rhythm of the
drums and imitated animals. Today there are still tribes that practice these rituals. Without a doubt,
the first instrument was the human voice, and the first instrument created by man was the flute. The
first flutes found are about 43.000 years old.
Other instruments that appear at that time were:
a) Wind Musical Instruments (Aerófonos)- sounds are produced through the vibrations of
air. Instruments which were blown like flutes which was made from bone with holes (agujeros)
b) Stringed Musical Instruments (Cordófonos) - instruments with strings (cuerdas)
c) Percussion Musical Instruments (Autófonos)- Sounds are produced through the material with
which they are made from, example bone against stone. There various forms of drums that were
used during the Middle Ages
d) Membranphones - simple instruments. Instruments built by man like the drums built with a
tight string over a coconut shell.
http://www.slideshare.net/Camikans/musical-instruments-of-ancient-egypt
http://www.umich.edu/~kelseydb/Exhibits/MIRE/Introduction/AncientEgypt/AncientEgypt.html
http://www.ancientnile.co.uk/music.php
2. Ancient World (5000 BC – 476 AD) In Egypt, 5000 years ago, the shepards, the boat rowers of the
Nile, and the farmers sang while they worked, so music also accompanied their love songs and religious
ceremonies.
Egyptian music developed, and it is considered as very good. They mainly used the voice. The
instruments created were: trumpets, flutes, harps, lute, zither, and lyres.
Ancient Egyptian
http://www.slideshare.net/Camikans/musical-instruments-of-ancient-egypt
http://www.umich.edu/~kelseydb/Exhibits/MIRE/Introduction/AncientEgypt/AncientEgypt.html
http://www.ancientnile.co.uk/music.php
In Ancient Greece, philosophy was related to music and poetry. Some Greek legends illustrate the
power of music. For example the two epic written by Homer: The Iliad and The Odyssey. These epics
were sang by a chorus.
One of the instruments invented by the Greeks was the water organ or hydraulic organ, whose pipes
like a pan flutes were of different lengths (longitud). To produce music they invented their own musical
notes.
http://etc.usf.edu/clipart/galleries/242-ancient-greek-musical-instruments
http://www.homoecumenicus.com/ancient_instruments.htm
http://www.lyravlos.gr/ancient-greek-instruments-en.asp
http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/grmu/hd_grmu.htm
The Romans also used music, completing their plays (obras), their epics or plays, adding instruments,
and dances, and moreover their religious music. The Romans used music in sacrifices, games, and
parties or banquets, where there would be musicians that played the lyre, zither, and other percussion
instruments.
http://etc.usf.edu/clipart/galleries/239-ancient-roman-musical-instruments
http://www.aerobiologicalengineering.com/wxk116/Roman/MusicalInstruments/
3. In the Middle Ages (476 AD – 1500 AD) This period was dominated by Christians, and this religion
used music as a means to spread religion and to approach people to God. During the Charlemagne
Empire, the Gregorian chants (Canto Gregorianos) spreads. It was imposed in all churches by Pope
Gregory two centuries before. The monks were the only ones who could read and write, they would
copy these Gregorian chants, and this is why we know better sacred religious music and not the popular
one of that time.
Instruments evolved due to travelling and the war. The Cruzades of the Middle Age allowed musicians
to participate in this war and become known in other places far from their hometowns. Composers
(compositores) were born due to the fact that their songs became popular in the places they visited.
http://www.lordsandladies.org/musical-instruments-middle-ages.htm
http://www.themiddleages.net/life/music.html
UNIDAD EDUCATIVA PARTICULAR BILINGUE JEFFERSON
ARTISTIC EDUCATION I YEAR BACCALAUREATE
BLOCK 5 MUSIC
4. ECUADORIAN MUSIC
PASILLO, SANJUANITO, ALBAZO, BOMBA, PASACALLE
A.
LISTEN TO EACH OF THESE LINKS.
Pasacalle.
http://m.youtube.com/watch?feature=plpp&v=PJfy3BXNxM8&list=PL1223C0384971B9E4
Pasillo (con arreglos modernos)
http://m.youtube.com/watch?v=rXpd9lLSKtY
Pasillo clásico
http://m.youtube.com/watch?v=CpDU_4lU0jA
Sanjuanito
http://m.youtube.com/watch?v=aJ0SGdJmeCQ&list=PL3BDA367C10B0DBBE&feature=plpp
http://m.youtube.com/watch?v=ONuiD2Fa7-I
Bomba
http://m.youtube.com/watch?v=b62utPUuFr8
http://m.youtube.com/watch?v=EtMWY1yVPiM
Albazos
http://m.youtube.com/watch?v=ckuvNdF_CD8
http://m.youtube.com/watch?v=TNLmiVlyRTA
B. WRITE A DEFINITION FOR EACH ONE. ALSO DO NOT FORGET TO ADD THE INFORMATION OF
SOURCE.
PASILLO:
Source:
SANJUANITO:
Source:
PASACALLE:
Source:
ALBAZO:
Source:
BOMBA:
Source:
UNIDAD EDUCATIVA PARTICULAR BILINGUE JEFFERSON
ARTISTIC EDUCATION I YEAR BACCALAUREATE
BLOCK 5 MUSIC
THE VOICE: It is the most complete musical instrument, it could be classified according to its intensity:
VOICE
High
Medium
Grave
Intermediate
FEMALE
MALE
Soprano
Tenor
Mezzo-soprano
Baritone
Contralto
Bass
Voices that have characteristics of more than one group
The human voice is the most beautiful instrument of all, but it is the most difficult to play.
Richard Strauss, German composer, 1864-1949
http://www.quoteoasis.com/authors/s/richard_strauss_quotes.html#BU5G5SkeeCsqClIt.99
The Phantom of the Ópera:
Video of how it would look Like:
http://m.youtube.com/watch?v=x1BgXhFv-ao.
With Antonio Banderas
http://m.youtube.com/watch?v=MwialGRHXqU
With different tenors watch starting from 2:20
http://m.youtube.com/watch?v=UC5lMrQf69Q
Soprano voice high notes:
http://m.youtube.com/watch?v=QnJMVPjPtDU
Tenor Luciano Pavarotti:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bPvAQxZsgpQ
VOCAL RANGE OF A SOPRANO:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MertJ_L7pFI
ACTIVITIES:
A. THESE LINKS ABOVE HELP YOU UNDERSTAND VOICES.
Listen to each one.
Find the definition of:
1.
SOPRANO, what is the voice range of a soprano. Find 3 well-known sopranos and their
nationality.
TENOR, what is the voice range of a tenor. Find 3 well-known sopranos and their nation