Nitric Acid
Fill in the blanks
Q.
X, Y and Z are three crystalline solids which are soluble in water and have a common
anion. To help you to identify X, Y and Z, you are provided with the following
experimental observations. Copy and complete the corresponding inferences in (a) to (d).
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
A reddish-brown gas is obtained when X, Y and Z are separately warmed with
concentrated sulphuric acid and copper turning added to the mixture. The
common anion is the _______ ion.
When X is heated, it melts and gives off only one gas which relights a glowing
splint. The cation in X is either ___________ or ___________.
The action of heat on Y produces a reddish-brown gas and a yellow residue which
fuses with the glass of the test tube. The metal ion present in Y is the ___________
ion.
When Z is heated it leaves no residue. Warming Z with sodium hydroxide solution
liberates a gas which turns moist red litmus paper blue. Z contains the ________
cation.
Write the equations for the following reactions: (1) X and concentrated H2SO4(below 200ºC). (One equation only for either of the
cations stated in (b).).
(2) Action of heat on Y.
Give one word / Name
Q.
Name a nitrate which on heating gives oxygen as the only gaseous product.
Q.
Give the name and formula of the substance formed as a brown ring in the test for nitrate
radical. [1]
Q.
From the following substances, choose one in each case which matches the description given
below :
Ammonium nitrate, calcium hydrogen carbonate, copper carbonate, lead carbonate, lead
nitrate, potassium nitrate, sodium carbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate, zinc carbonate.
i.
ii.
iii.
A nitrate which gives off only oxygen when heated.
A nitrate which on heating decomposes into dinitrogen oxide [nitrous oxide] and steam.
A nitrate which gives off oxygen and nitrogen dioxide when heated.
Q.
Identify the following substances : A dilute acid ‘B’ which does not normally give
hydrogen when reacted with metals but does give a gas when it reacts with copper.
Q.
The first step in the manufacture of HNO3 is the catalytic oxidation of NH3 . Name the
catalyst used.
Q.
What is the property of nitric acid which allows it to react with copper.
Q.
Choose the correct word from the brackets to complete the sentence : Sodium nitrate reacts
with _______ (concentrated/dilute) sulphuric acid to produce nitric acid. Write equation for the
same.
Q.
Name (formula is not acceptable) the gas produced in each of the following reactions :i.
ii.
Action of concentrated nitric acid on copper.
Heating of ammonium nitrate (name only the nitrogen containing compound).
Q.
The first step in the manufacture of HNO3 is the catalytic oxidation of NH3. Name
Q.
What compounds are required for the laboratory preparation of nitric acid.
Q.
From the formula listed below, choose one, corresponding to the salt having the given
description :AgCl, CuCO3, CuSO4.5H2O, KNO3, NaCl, NaHSO4, Pb(NO3)2, ZnCO3, ZnSO4.7H2O.
This salt gives nitrogen dioxide on heating.
Q.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
Name a nitrate which on heating gives oxygen as the only gaseous product.
Name a gas that you can obtain in the laboratory from ammonium nitrate and write the
equation for the reaction taking place to obtain the gas.
Give the name of soluble lead salt and write the equation for the action of heat on this
salt.
From the following substances, choose one in each case which matches the description
given below:
Ammonium nitrate, calcium hydrogen carbonate, copper carbonate, lead carbonate, lead
nitrate, potassium nitrate, sodium carbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate, zinc
carbonate.
a.
b.
vi.
vii.
viii.
ix.
x.
A nitrate which gives off only oxygen when heated.
A nitrate which on heating decomposes into dinitrogen oxide [nitrous oxide] and
steam.
c. A nitrate which gives off oxygen and nitrogen dioxide when heated.
Name [formula is not acceptable] the gas produced in each of the following reactions: a. Action of concentrated nitric acid on copper.
b. Heating of ammonium nitrate (name only the nitrogen containing compounding).
From the formula listed below, choose one corresponding to the salt having the given
description: AgCl, CuCO3, CuSO4.5H2O, KNO3, NaCl, NaHSO4, Pb(NO3)2, ZnCO3, ZnSO4.7H2O.
This salt gives nitrogen dioxide on heating.
Which gas is produced when potassium nitrate is heated. Write the equation for the
reaction.
Name the products formed when ammonium nitrate is heated.
From the list of the substances given – Ammonium sulphate, Lead carbonate, Chlorine,
Copper nitrate, Ferrous sulphate – State:
A compound which releases a reddish brown gas on reaction with concentrated sulphuric
acid and copper turning.
Distinguish between
Q. State how you will distinguish between following pairs of compounds using the same test applied
to both members of the pair?State the results of the test as applied to both members of the pairs
1.
Ammonium nitrate solution and Ammonium chloride solution
Give reason
Q.
State why pure nitric acid takes on a yellowish brown colour when exposed to light.
Q.
Why is freshly prepared Ferrous sulphate solution used for testing the Nitrate radical in the
brown ring test? [1]
Q.
i.
When nitric acid is prepared by the action of concentrated sulphuric acid on potassium
nitrate, what is the special feature of the apparatus used?
Explain why only all-glass apparatus should be used for the preparation of nitric acid by
heating concentrated sulphuric acid and potassium nitrate.
ii.
Q.
i.
ii.
iii.
State why pure nitric acid takes on a yellowish brown colour when exposed to light.
Account for the yellow colour that appears in concentrated nitric acid when it is left
standing in an ordinary glass bottle.
State what is observed when nitric acid is kept in a reagent bottle for a long time.
Give observation
Q.
Describe what you see (observe) when concentrated nitric acid is added to copper.
Q.
What do you see when concentrated nitric acid is added ti copper.
Q.
Give your observations1. Describe what you see [observe] when concentrated nitric acid is added to copper.
Potassium nitrate is produced from KOH and nitric acid. State the type of reaction involved.
2. Nitric acid is added to cellulose.
3. Conc. HNO3 is poured on Copper turning.
4. Dilute Nitric acid is added to Iron sulphide.
5. Dilute Nitric acid is added to copper oxide.
Q.
When commercial nitric acid is diluted with water its yellow colour disappears. Explain giving
equation.
Q.
In the preparation of nitric acid by heating KNO3 or NaNO3 concentrated hydrochloric acid is
not used in place of cone. H2SO4. Give reason.
Give Chemical equations
Q.
Write an equation for the action of heat on potassium nitrate.
Q.
Name the gas that you can obtain in laboratory from ammonium nitrate and write the equation
for the reaction taking place to obtain the gas.
Q.
Write the equation for the action of heat on sodium nitrate.
Q.
Give the name of a soluble lead salt and write the equation for the action of heat on this salt.
Q.
Write the equation for the following reaction :- Between copper and concentrated nitric acid.
Q.
Give equations for the action of heat on :- (i) NH4Cl (ii) NH4NO3.
State whether each reaction is an example of thermal decomposition or thermal dissociation.
Q.
Write an equation for the following reaction :Copper and concentrated nitric acid.
Q.
i.
ii.
iii.
State the conc. acid which will oxidize Sulphur directly to H2SO4. Write the equation for
the same.
Write a balanced equation for the reaction of Sulphur and hot concentrated nitric acid.
Dilute nitric acid is generally considered a typical acid except for its reaction with metals.
In what way is dilute nitric acid different from other acids when it reacts with metals.
Q.
Write the fully balanced equation for the action of heat on the following- [5]
i)Two different nitrate which evolve only one gas. [Two equations]
ii)Two different nitrates which leave coloured residue. [Two equations]
iii)A nitrate which leaves no residue [one equations]
Q.
Write the equation for the preparation of nitric acid from potassium nitrate.
Q.
Write correctly balanced equations for the following reactions :
i.
ii.
Nitrogen and oxygen when lightning strikes.
Action of heat on potassium nitrate.
Q.
Write balanced equations for each of the reactions given below :
i.
ii.
Q
Action of heat on sodium nitrate and on copper nitrate.
Nitrogen monoxide and oxygen.
Copy and complete the following table relating to an important industrial process.
Output refers to the product of the process not the intermediate steps.
Name of
process
Inputs
Catalyst
Equation for catalyzed
reaction
Ammonia +
air
Output
Nitric acid
Q.
Write the equaton for the following reaction : – Dilute nitric acid and copper.
Q.
Write a balanced equation for the reaction of nitrogen monoxide and oxygen.
Q.
i.
ii.
iii.
Q.
Write the equation for the preparation of nitric acid from potassium nitrate.
What compounds are required for the laboratory preparation of nitric acid?
Choose the correct word from the brackets to complete the sentence. Sodium nitrate
reacts with _______ [concentrated / dilute] sulphuric acid to produce nitric acid.
Write equation for the same.
Write chemical equations.
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
Q.
Write the equations for the reaction between copper and concentrated nitric acid.
Name a solution which gives nitrogen dioxide with copper.
Write a balanced for the reaction of conc. HNO3 when added to copper turnings
kept in a beaker.
Write the equation for the reaction of dilute nitric acid with copper.
Write chemical equations.
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
Q.
Write an equation for the following reaction: Action of heat on:
(a) potassium nitrate and (b) sodium nitrate.
Write correctly balanced equation for the reaction of nitrogen and
oxygen when lightning strikes.
Give equations for the action of heat on – (a) NH4Cl (b) NH4NO3.
State whether each reaction is an example of thermal decomposition or
thermal dissociation.
Complete and balance the following equations.
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
P + HNO3 
Zn + HNO3 (Conc.) 
Zn + HNO3 (Cold,Dilute)) 
Mn + HNO3 [Cold and very dilute(1%)] 
Fe + HNO3 (Conc.)
Q.
Write the fully balanced equation for the action of heat on following
1. Two different nitrate which evolves only one gas
2. Two different nitrate which leave coloured residue
3. A nitrate which leaves behind no residue
Miscellaneous
[B] The following question refers to the laboratory preparation of Nitric acid in
Laboratory. With reference to this answer the following questions
1.
2.
3.
4.
[5]
The apparatus is made up of gas. Why?
The reaction mixture is not heated above 200*C
Pure nitric acid is colourless ,but acid obtained in the laboratory is slightly yellow
How will you obtained following from nitric acid[ Give balanced chemical equations only]
A) Nitric oxide gas
B) Nitrogen dioxide gas