Biochemistry for chemists (B)
- '‫ ביוכימיה לכימאים ב‬:‫שם הקורס‬
.‫ ד"ר גיא פצ'ורניק‬:‫שם המרצה‬
.)'‫ ביוכימיה לכימאים (חלק א‬+ 2 + 1 ‫ כימיה אורגנית‬:‫דרישות קדם‬
4 :‫נ"ז‬
'‫ שנה ג' סמ' א‬,‫ ש"ס‬4 ,‫ הרצאה‬:‫מתכונת‬
.‫ א‬:‫חלק א' " וידון ב‬-‫ "ביוכימיה לכימאים‬:‫ קורס זה הינו המשך לקורס‬:‫מטרות הקורס‬
‫ מנגנונים‬,‫ קצבי תגובות אנזימתיות‬- ‫ אנזימים‬.‫ ב‬.‫מבנה של ליפידים וממברנות ביולוגיות‬
.‫ ד‬.‫ מטאבוליזם באופן כללי ובהקשר לחומצות אמיניות וליפידים‬.‫ ג‬.‫בקטליזה אנזימתית‬
.‫ חומצות גרעין‬.‫ ו‬.‫ טרנספורט‬.‫ ה‬.‫גליקוליזה‬
:‫נושאי הקורס‬
1) Lipids and membranes (Chapter 12): Lipid classification, chemical
structure, nomenclature and physical properties of: Fatty acids,
Triacylglycerols, Glycerophospholipids, properties of lipid aggregates, micelles
and bilayers, cmc, cooperative process, aggregation number, liposomes,
membrane permeability, bilayer dynamics, lateral diffusion, transverse
diffusion, order-disorder transition temperature, cholesterol as membrane
plasticizer, membrane proteins and the effect of: organic solvents, detergents
and chaotropic agents on their native conformation, prediction of
transmembrane helices using free energy of transfer to water considerations,
The fluid mosaic model and the Michael Edidin Exp., Biosynthesis of
membranes the Rothman & Kennedy Exp.
2) Mechanisms of Enzyme Action: Introduction to Enzymes (Chapters
13-15): Lock and key hypothesis, Induced fit hypothesis, Coenzymes,
Cofactors,
Prosthetic
groups,
Holoenzyme,
Apoenzyme.
Rates
of
enzymatic reactions: Elementary reactions, Rate equations, rate constant,
molecularity, order of a reaction, Zero, 1st and 2nd order reactions, the
transition state, reaction energetic profiles, the Michaelis-Menten equation,
assumption of equilibrium, assumption of steady state, Maximal velocity
(Vmax), Michaelis constant (KM), Initial velocity (Vo), Turnover number (Kcat),
Competitive, non-competitive and Un-competitive inhibition. Enzymatic
catalysis: Types of catalysis: (i) Acid-base (ii) Covalent (iii) Metal ion (iv)
Electrostatic (v) Proximity and orientation (vi) Preferential binding to the
transition-state complex, affinity labeling.
3) Introduction to Metabolism (Chapter 16): Determinants of metabolic
pathways, catabolism, anabolism, the four categories of biochemical
reactions: (i) Group transfer reactions (ii) Oxidations and reductions (iii)
Elimination, Isomerization, and rearrangements
(iv) Reactions that
make\brake C-C bonds, Carbanion stabilization via: (a) Hydrogen bonds (b)
formation of Schiff-base (c) Multivalent metals, Thermodynamics of
phosphate compounds, phosphate group transfer potential, chemical and
energetic considerations of the phsophoanhydride bonds of ATP, Substrate
level and Oxidative phosphorylation, Redox potential, Electron transport
pathway, Cofactors and coenzymes.
4) Glycolysis (Chapter 17): The ten enzymatic reactions which transform
glucose into pyruvate and ATP will be presented in great detail. Reaction
mechanisms, energetic considerations and the rationale exhibited by this
sequence of reactions will be discussed.
5) Transport through membranes (Chapter 20): Thermodynamics of
transport, Chemical and electrical potential difference, membrane potential,
Kinetics and mechanism of transport (Simple diffusion, Passive transport,
Active transport, Permeability coefficient and Partition coefficient, Features of
mediated transport (Speed and specificity, Saturation kinetics, Susceptibility
to competitive inhibition and chemical inactivation, ATP-driven transport
(Uniport, Symport and antiport).
6) Lipid metabolism(Chapter 25). Catalytic hydrolysis of triglycerides via the
oxyanion tetrahedral intermediate, fatty acid oxidation, the β-oxidation
mechanism, the thiolase reaction using a Claisen ester cleavage.
7) Amino acid metabolism (Chapter 26): Deamination, Transamination,
Tautomerization, Oxidative deamination, the Urea cycle.
8) Nucleic acids (Chapter 5): Chemical structure of DNA and RNA,
Thermodynamic consideration associated with double stranded DNA,
susceptibility of RNA to based-catalyzed hydrolysis, the Tetranucleotide
hypothesis, The discovery of the transforming principle (Griffith, Avery,
McCarty and Macleod), the Hershey-Chase Exp., Erwin Chargaff’s rule, The
discovery of the double helix by Watson and Crick, Semi-conservative
replication (Meselson and Stahl Exp. utilizing equilibrium density gradient
ultracentrifugation), synthesis of polynucleotides.
‫נוכחות חובה‬:‫דרישותהקורס‬
.‫ מבחן‬011%:‫הערכת הסטודנט בקורס‬
:‫ביבליוגרפיה‬
- Donald Voet and Judith G. Voet, Biochemistry, 4th Edition, John Wiley.