Native Peoples of Canada
Socials 9
Chris Raggett and Damon Mullen
Complete the following Chart using point form notes with the information found in Crossroads 9 pages 185-209.
Inuit of the Arctic
Food
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Hunted caribou and
musk-ox
In the fall, they
depended primarily on
sea mammals for
example seals, walrus’s
and whales
all Inuit’s ate fish
Iroquois of the
Eastern Woodlands
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they would have fields
of beans and squash
 they later learned
how to grow corn
Peoples of the Plains
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Clothing
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Primarily made of
Cariboo skin
Winter pants and
parkas that were
layered to the
maximum to
provide as much
heat as possible
Hood of the parkas
were lined with fur.
Single layer
summer suits

Clothing was made
from fur and hides,
along with
cornhusks and
plant and tree
fiber.
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Buffalo was the
main source of
food.
Buffalo meat was
dried or cooked
and made into
soups
Women collected
berries
Deer, moose and
elk, along with
wolves, coyotes,
lynx, rabbits,
gophers, and
prairie chickens
were hunted for
food.
Moose hide was
used for soft-soled
moccasins (shoes)
Dried grass
provided the
moccasin with
extra insulation.
Hunter and warrior
coats were made
out of deerskin,
moose hide, or
specifically buffalo
hide.
Peoples of the
Plateau
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Peoples of the
Northwest Coast
Salmon was a main
source of food
Plants
Berries were
collected as they
ripened, then dried
and made into
cakes
Edible roots
Deer

Deer hide was used
to make all manner
of clothing, as well
as moccasins
Ordinary people
often had to make
do with footwear
made of salmon
skin
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In winter there was
little hunting, and
shellfish was
important
Summer, there was
salmon, shellfish,
birds, plant food
Late summer/fall
was all about the
salmon run
Masks were worn
to represent
characters in
legends
Shelter
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Most lived along
the coast
In the winter the
used snow as a
building material to
create igloos.
Tents in the
summer
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Contained several
rows of longhouses,
sometimes as many
as fifty In a row
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Transportation
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Social Organization
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They used dog
sleds to get around
during the winter
They used Kayaks
during the warming
weather to get
around in the
waters.

Inuit society was
organized
according to groups
of people. For the
people who hunted
and trading
partnerships for
groups who had
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They used
snowshoes during
the winter and
allowed them to
walk across the
snow without
sinking.
When it was not
winter time, they
used canoes that
were made from
elm bark which
was lighter and
faster.
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Each village had a
chief who enforced
laws
There was also a
warrior chief who
gained his position
through valour,
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They lived in tipis.
Structures that
were made from
hides. The Tipi was
waterproof and
weather-hardy
The tipi was warm
in winter and cool
in summer.
Fur line hides
covered the
ground, keeping it
warm
At first the people
traveled everywhere
on foot.
During the winter
they used
snowshoes. It made
walking on deep
snow easier.
They used dog
sleds and those
helped with
transporting
merchandises in
the winter.
Within each group,
there would be a
band chief who was
supported if the
band could catch
enough game for
food, and were
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Huge pit houses in
winter
Tents in the
summer and spring
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They walked and
canoed
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Plateau society was
communal and
generally free of
classes.
In each
community,
sharing of food and
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Cedar was used in
the construction of
homes
Longhouses
Northwest Coast
big houses
Northwest Coast
canoes
Large canoes for
long journeys
Largest canoes up
to 20 meters long
Villages had Chiefs
Nobles
Commoners
Slaves
different goods to
offer.
Contact with Other
Groups
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All Inuit’s formed a
governing council
of the local
community.
wealth and
courage.
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Each village
belonged to a
certain tribe or
clan, and a
collection of
villages made up a
Nation.
protected from
enemies.
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When there would
be a food shortage,
the bands would
split into even
smaller groups and
go separate ways.
They would
eventually meet
back up in the
future.
other resources
was expected.
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The Ktuyana
Most of the people
were interior Salish
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They host pot
lunches and invite
other Nobles and
Chiefs