Early 20th Century Test: Chapters 24&25
Multiple Choice. Questions 1-39. Mark responses on the scan sheet provided.
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____ 1. In the 1920s, there was a revival of mob violence in South Carolina against African
Americans. Ku Klux Klan members often attacked African Americans (or an entire African
American family), often resulting in the death of the victims.
These racially motivated attacks were known as:
a.
b.
c.
d.
____ 2.
anarchism
racial rebellions
race baiting
lynchings
An active member of the Progressive Movement in the early 1900s would be most likely to
favor which of the following laws?
a. A law that aims to increase the value of public lands by allowing developers to build in
b.
c.
d.
____ 3.
the national forests.
A law that aims to attract businesses and factories to South Carolina by decreasing
government regulation.
A law that aims to increase the profits of restaurants by allowing them to distribute and
sell alcohol.
A law that aims to help the working class by creating a minimum wage and a shorter
work week.
One of the major issues of the Progressive Movement was the sale of alcoholic beverages.
Which of the following views on the subject was held by most Progressives during the early
1900s?
a. The government should not regulate the sale of alcoholic beverages.
b. There should not be a "minimum drinking age" because it promotes the illegal sale of
alcoholic beverages on the blackmarket.
c. It should be illegal to sell alcoholic beverages because it leads to violence and
corruption.
d. Only homemade alcoholic beverages (or "moonshine") should be sold to prevent "Big
Business" from dominating the industry.
____ 4.
In the 1920s, there was a revival of mob violence in South Carolina against African
Americans. Ku Klux Klan members often attacked African Americans (or an entire African
American family), often resulting in the death of the victims.
These racially motivated attacks were known as:
a.
b.
c.
d.
anarchism
racial rebellions
race baiting
lynchings
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____ 5.
In 1906, Upton Sinclair's novel The Jungle exposed the unhealthy practices of the
meatpacking industry at the time. The American public's reaction to the novel was so
overwhelming that the federal government:
a.
b.
c.
d.
____ 6.
passed the Pure Food and Drug Act.
forced bookstores to stop selling the novel.
started importing meat products from Europe.
required grocery stores to buy meat directly from a farm instead of from a factory.
In 1904, Theodore Roosevelt delivered a famous speech in which he promised the American
people a square deal. Which of the following describes the basic goal of his "square deal"?
a. To help the American working man and limit the control of "Big Business."
b. To create more jobs by encouraging development in the national forests and woodlands
c.
d.
____ 7.
Ratified in 1913, the 16th amendment to the Constitution helped the federal government raise
money by taking a percentage of what every American citizen earned each year. This is
commonly known as:
a.
b.
c.
d.
____ 8.
across America.
To stabilize the economy by having large businesses join together and create one single,
more profitable company.
To prevent the federal government from interfering with private business in America.
value added tax
income tax
capital gains tax
property tax
During the Great Depression, one person's struggles often contributed to the struggles of
another. For example, which of the following best explains why a country store might suffer
when local farmers lose their jobs?
a. The unemployed farmers find other places to shop.
b. The unemployed farmers stop buying things, so the store stops making money.
c. The unemployed farmers have too much time on their hands, so they begin sitting
around the country store.
d. The unemployed farmers get angry and shut the store down.
____ 9.
Which of the following is NOT an explanation for the major population shifts in South
Carolina during the late 19th and early 20th centuries?
a. Small farmers moved from rural areas to growing towns to find work in the textile mills.
b. African Americans left the state to escape continued racial tensions.
c. Many northerners came south to build winter homes in the milder climate of South
Carolina.
d. Prospectors traveled to South Carolina after hearing rumors of gold being discovered in
the Blue Ridge Mountains.
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____ 10. During World War I, many young men in South Carolina signed up to join the military.
However, their induction into the army revealed what alarming feature about South
Carolinians at the time?
a. A large portion of the volunteers were not born in South Carolina and could not speak
b.
c.
d.
English.
Nearly 50% of the volunteers could not read or write.
Most of the volunteers were too obese to perform well on the physical fitness tests.
The majority of the volunteers had been physically injured while working in the textile
mills.
____ 11. Which of the following Presidents during the Progressive Era stated that we were fighting
"to make the world safe for a democracy"?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Calvin Coolidge
Theodore Roosevelt
Woodrow Wilson
Franklin D. Roosevelt
____ 12. Which President of the early 20th century described his foreign policy strategy by saying,
"Speak softly and carry a big stick"?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Theodore Roosevelt
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Woodrow Wilson
Calvin Coolidge
____ 13. In 1886, Charleston, South Carolina, was struck by which of the following disasters?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Hurricane
Flood
Epidemic
Earthquake
____ 14. Which South Carolina governor of the early 20th century stirred up controversy by
pardoning over 1,500 convicts?
a.
b.
c.
d.
John Gary Evans
Richard Manning
Benjamin Tillman
Coleman Blease
____ 15. Thousands of Americans lost their jobs during the Great Depression. Which of the
following best explains why being unemployed was so devastating during this time?
a. Jobs helped Americans spend their time wisely.
b. Jobs helped Americans keep busy, which helped them keep their minds off of the Great
Depression.
c. Jobs helped Americans meet new people.
d. Jobs helped Americans earn money to buy food, clothing, and shelter.
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16.
During World War I, over 65,000 South Carolinians enlisted in the military. Which of the
following describes another way that the state played a major role in the war effort?
a. South Carolina donated and sold land to the federal government for the construction of
military bases.
b. South Carolina used the facilities at its many colleges to experiment with new
technology needed to win the war.
c. South Carolina used its industrial centers to produce the majority of the nation's military
d.
17.
In the early 1900s, South Carolina was governed by a number of Jim Crow laws. What was
the purpose of these laws?
a.
b.
c.
d.
18.
To enforce segregation and restrict the rights of African Americans.
To encourage small farmers to find work at the textile mills.
To protect freedom of speech.
To assist the economy in the South.
During the Progressive Movement, journalists often used their newspapers to expose
corruption, especially in the big cities. These journalists were known as:
a.
b.
c.
d.
19.
vehicles.
South Carolina gave huge sums of money to the federal government to purchase better
weapons.
Mass Market Journalists
Yellow Journalists
Rabble-Rousers
Muckrakers
Despite widespread poverty in South Carolina, the 1920s was also a time when literature and
the arts flourished in the South. Many South Carolinians achieved national fame for their
work (such as Julia Peterkin, who won the Pulitzer Prize).
This period is often referred to as:
a.
b.
c.
d.
20.
The "Lost Cause" Years
The Progressive Era
The Southern Renaissance
The Cultural Revolution
During the Progressive Movement, journalists often used their newspapers to expose
corruption, especially in the big cities. These journalists were known as:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Mass Market Journalists
Yellow Journalists
Rabble-Rousers
Muckrakers
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21.
During the Progressive Movement, journalists often used their newspapers to expose
corruption, especially in the big cities. These journalists were known as:
a.
b.
c.
d.
22.
Mass Market Journalists
Yellow Journalists
Rabble-Rousers
Muckrakers
In order to improve education in South Carolina, the state legislature passed the "6-0-1 Law"
in 1924. Which of the following describes how this law worked?
a. The state agreed to provide a teacher with 6 weeks of vacation time for every 1 year that
the teacher worked.
b. The state agreed to send 6 teachers to a school district every time the district built 1 new
c.
d.
23.
In the early 1900s, this South Carolinian became a wealthy stock broker on Wall Street. He
went on to become chairman of the War Industries Board under President Woodrow Wilson,
and a financial advisor to President Franklin Roosevelt:
a.
b.
c.
d.
24.
Bernard Baruch
James F. Byrnes
Robert Mills
Richard Manning
Which of the following developments during the "Roaring Twenties" had the most impact
on the people living near the beaches of South Carolina?
a.
b.
c.
d.
25.
school.
The state agreed to pay a teacher's salary for 6 months if the individual school district
paid for 1 more month.
The state agreed to build 1 new school every 6 years in each school district that
performed to an acceptable standard.
The popularity of jazz music.
The laws of Prohibition.
The growth of the tourism industry.
The rise of professional sports.
One of the highlights of the Progressive Movement was the founding of the NAACP in 1909.
The letters in this acronym stand for:
a.
b.
c.
d.
National Administration for Agricultural Crop Preparation
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
National Alliance for Anticipating Common Problems
Native Americans Achieving Collective Progress
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26.
Thousands of African Americans left South Carolina during the early 1900s. Which of the
following is the most likely reason for this "outmigration"?
a. Because African Americans wanted to escape racial tensions and find better job
opportunities.
b. Because African Americans were making more money than ever, and could afford to
live in other areas.
c. Because African Americans were ashamed of their long history in South Carolina.
d. Because African Americans were being recruited by other states to come and live.
27.
One of the biggest blows to South Carolina's economy came from the boll weevil (a tiny
beetle with a long snout). How did the boll weevil cause so much damage in South Carolina
during the 1920s?
a. The boll weevil carried diseases like smallpox and influenza.
b. The boll weevil destroyed thousands of buildings by feeding off of the wood used to
c.
d.
28.
When the Great Depression began, President Herbert Hoover did not take drastic measures
because he hoped the nation would recover on its own. Hoover did, however, urge Congress
to create which of the following programs to help save major banks and railroads?
a.
b.
c.
d.
29.
build the walls and foundations.
The boll weevil ruined entire textile mills by laying eggs in the machinery.
The boll weevil destroyed most of the state's cotton crop.
The New Deal
The Teapot Dome
The Civilian Conservation Corps
Reconstruction Finance Corporation
During World War I, many young men in South Carolina signed up to join the military.
However, their induction into the army revealed what alarming feature about South
Carolinians at the time?
a. A large portion of the volunteers were not born in South Carolina and could not speak
b.
c.
d.
30.
English.
Nearly 50% of the volunteers could not read or write.
Most of the volunteers were too obese to perform well on the physical fitness tests.
The majority of the volunteers had been physically injured while working in the textile
mills.
Which of the following South Carolina women won a Pulitzer Prize in 1929 for the novel
Scarlet Sister Mary, about African Americans living on a plantation?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Julia Peterkin
Mary Boykin Chestnut
Eliza Pinckney
Mary McLeod Bethune
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31.
In the 1930s, the South Carolina State Highway Commission became controversial because
it cost the people of the state a tremendous amount of money. What was the primary goal of
the State Highway Commission during that time?
a.
b.
c.
d.
32.
The 18th amendment to the Constitution focused on the sale of alcoholic beverages and was
ratified in 1919. Which of the following was an unexpected result of the amendment?
a.
b.
c.
d.
33.
Warren G. Harding
Calvin Coolidge
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Herbert Hoover
After the Russian Revolution in 1917, many people in America began to fear that the
Communist nation would target the capitalist system of the United States. This fear spread
quickly and became known as the:
a.
b.
c.
d.
36.
Most rural farmers in South Carolina were too poor to afford modern conveniences.
These conveniences made the cost of growing cotton too expensive.
Most people in South Carolina did not know how to use these modern conveniences.
People in South Carolina wanted to be different from the people living in the north.
Which of the following men was President of the United States when the stock market crashed
in October 1929?
a.
b.
c.
d.
35.
Increase in organized crime
Decline in tax revenues
Decline in unemployment
Rise in unemployment
Most of the people living in rural areas of South Carolina during the Great Depression did
not have access to modern conveniences (i.e. electricity, internal plumbing, tractors, etc.).
Which of the following explains the reason for this?
a.
b.
c.
d.
34.
To build paved highways capable of reaching most of the state's cities and towns.
To put up stoplights at dangerous intersections, thus reducing accidents.
To create interstate highways that run from one side of the country to the other.
To set-up highway patrol officers on most major highways and reduce speeding.
Communist Manifesto
Cold War
Marxist Revolution
Red Scare
During the Great Depression, over 90% of the residents in rural South Carolina did not have
electricity. Which of the following items was fairly common at the time because it did not run
on electricity?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Computers
Automobiles
Televisions
Refrigerators
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37.
Which of the following was the focus of the famous Scopes Trial in Dayton, Tennessee,
which took place in 1925?
a.
b.
c.
d.
38.
In the early 1900s, more people started going to South Carolina's beaches because the state of
South Carolina did which of the following?
a.
b.
c.
d.
39.
teaching of religion in public schools
breaking of prohibition laws
teaching of communism in public schools
teaching of evolution in public schools
Offered low fare cruises along the coast.
Lowered gasoline prices in the area to attract visitors.
Built new highways to the coast.
Published up-to-date maps of the area.
Serving from 1915 to 1919, Richard Manning was one of the most progressive governors in
South Carolina's history. As a Progressive, which of the following were parts of Manning's
agenda?
a. encouraging the growth of big business, supporting the management decisions of new
factories, preventing labor unions from disrupting the economy
b. supporting Jim Crow laws, ending women's suffrage, protesting against Prohibition
c. cutting taxes, ending government regulation, reducing the size of government
d. raising minimum wage, improving the school system, building new highways
Matching begins on page 9.
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Matching : Questions 40-60: Write answers on the answer sheet provided.
The Progressive Movement—match each description with the correct term below:
a. A reform movement to end the influence of "Big Business" on
government
b. A founder of the NAACP in 1906; wanted more rights for African
Americans
c. Theodore Roosevelt's domestic policy
d. Organization to assist African Americans
e. International organization formed to keep the peace after World War I
f. Woodrow Wilson's domestic program
g. Illegal to manufacture, sell, or consume alcoholic beverages
h. Amendment that gave women the right to vote
i. Amendment that provided for the direct election of U.S. senators
j. Amendment that established income tax
k. The government taking control of the monetary system in America
l. Aid to help teach farmers modern techniques
m Movement of African Americans to the North
n. Food and Drug Administration
o. Declaration that the United States had the right to intervene in Latin
America
____ 40.
____ 41.
____ 42.
____ 43.
____ 44.
____ 45.
____ 46.
____ 47.
____ 48.
____ 49.
W.E.B. DuBois
Federal Reserve Act
Seventeenth Amendment
Progressivism
Roosevelt Corollary
Nineteenth Amendment
New Freedom
Square Deal
Great Migration
League of Nations
Matching continues on page 10
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Early 20th Century—match each description with the correct term below:
a. Founded by veterans to secure more benefits from the government
b. Fear of a Communist Revolution in America
c. Scandal win which government officials took a bribe for leasing federal
oil reserves
d. A nickname for the 1920s
e. Outlawed the making and selling of liquor
f. Wrote Porgy, a novel that depicted African Americans living in South
Carolina during the 1920s
g. A mob killing
h. A novel written by Harriet Beecher Stowe about muckrakers.
i. Program designed to save major banks and railroads at the start of the
Great Depression
j. An industry that caters to vacationers
k. Revival in Southern literature
l. The worst economic crisis in American history
m Provided classes to teach adults basic skills
.
n. Mary Chestnut experiences during the Civil War
o. South Carolina agreed to pay six months of a teacher’s salary if the
school district paid for an additional month
____ 50.
____ 51.
____ 52.
____ 53.
____ 54.
____ 55.
____ 56.
____ 57.
____ 58.
____ 59.
____ 60.
18TH Amendment
DuBose Heyward
Reconstruction Finance Corporation
Great Depression
Tourism
Teapot Dome
American Legion
Opportunity School
Southern Literacy Renaissance
Diary from Dixie
Lynching
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