SAMPLE COURSE OUTLINE
EARTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
ATAR YEAR 12
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2015/45498v4
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Sample course outline
Earth and Environmental Science – ATAR Year 12
Unit 3 and Unit 4
Semester 1 – Unit 3 – Managing Earth resources
Week
1–2
Key teaching points
Non-renewable Earth resources
 non-renewable mineral and energy resources are formed over geological timescales
 the location of non-renewable mineral and energy resources, including fossil fuels, iron ore,
nickel and gold, is related to their geological setting, including sedimentary, magmatic,
metamorphic and hydrothermal processes
 identify and classify metamorphic rocks from physical samples, diagrams and photographs
Task 1: Identify metamorphic rocks and describe formation environments

3–4
mineral and energy resources are discovered using a variety of techniques, including mapping,
satellite images, aerial photographs, geophysical and geochemical methods, to identify the
spatial extent of the deposit and quality of the resource
 geological and geophysical techniques (measuring magnetic fields and electromagnetic
induction) and remote sensing technologies (including aerial photography, satellite based
spectroscopes) have increased the rate of identification of mineral and energy resources and
improved estimates of their size and value
 select, construct and interpret appropriate representations, including maps and geological
cross-sections, and others such as block diagrams and stratigraphic columns
 environmental considerations are important in the exploration, extraction and processing of
non-renewable resources, and the decommissioning of resource sites
Task 2: Mapping, cross-section test

5–6
extraction of mineral and energy resources influences interactions between the abiotic and
biotic components of ecosystems
 decisions about whether to and how to extract a resource depend on the value, location and
volume of the resource. Consultation with local and indigenous communities is required
Task 3: Case study of a resource site
7–8
Renewable Earth resources
 renewable resources are those that are typically replenished at timescales of years to decades
and include harvestable resources and ecosystem services
 ecosystems provide a range of renewable resources, including provisioning services, regulating
services, and supporting services
 sustainable use of a renewable resource
Task 4: Renewable resources efficiency comparison
9–11
12–13
14–15
16


efficiency of available technologies to collect, store and transfer the energy resource
decisions to invest in geothermal energy are informed by environmental, economic and
political considerations


human activities affect the quality and availability of fresh water
recognition of the small amounts of fresh water available informs decision making about
investment in infrastructure and technologies to increase access to high quality water, including
dams, desalination plants
 the concept of ‘ecological footprint’
Task 5: Renewable resources test
Task 6: Semester 1 examination
Sample course outline | Earth and Environmental Science | ATAR Year 12
2
Semester 2 – Unit 4 – Earth hazards and climate change
Week
1–3
Key teaching points
The cause and impact of Earth hazards
 Earth hazards result from the interactions of Earth systems and can threaten life, health,
property, or the environment
 plate tectonic processes generate earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and tsunamis; these events
can affect other Earth processes, including the influence of volcanic emissions on climate and
weather
Task 7: Construct and test a seismograph

4


analysis of data, including composition of volcanic magma, ground motion monitoring, and
earthquake location and frequency data, allows the mapping of potentially hazardous zones.
This contributes to the prediction of the location and probability of hazardous events, including
volcanic eruptions, earthquakes and tsunamis
sophisticated models of plate tectonic motion enable prediction of future tectonic movements
and provide data for local decision making, for example, development of infrastructure,
location of geothermal resources
improved design of ground-shake resistant structures and identification of areas likely to be
affected by earthquakes

5–6
the impact of natural hazards on the biosphere depends on the location, magnitude and
intensity of the hazard, and the structure and composition of Earth materials
 some ecosystems rely on episodic earth hazard events to rejuvenate and maintain their longterm viability, including flood plain fertility, bushfire and seed germination
Task 8: Research into a natural disaster and its effect on the biosphere
Task 9: Earth hazards test
7–8
The cause and impact of global climate change
 natural processes contribute to global climate changes
 human activities, particularly land-clearing and fossil fuel consumption, produce gases that can
change the composition of the atmosphere and climatic conditions, including an enhanced
greenhouse effect
 climate change affects the biosphere, atmosphere, geosphere and hydrosphere; climate change
has been linked to changes in species distribution, crop productivity, sea level, rainfall patterns,
surface temperature and extent of ice sheets
 models for long term climatic trends are subject to debate and revision, based on the
availability of supporting evidence and review of the underpinning assumptions
Task 10: Effect of carbon dioxide on temperature change
9–11
12–15
16

geological, prehistorical and historical records provide evidence that climate change has
affected regions and species differently over time


climate change models describe the behaviour and interactions of the oceans and atmosphere
studies of human impact on the atmosphere, hydrosphere and ecosystems rely on evidence
from many scientific disciplines; these studies inform environmentally sustainable development
Task 11: Global climate change test
Task 12: Semester 2 examination on Unit 3 and Unit 4
Sample course outline | Earth and Environmental Science | ATAR Year 12