BIOSCIENCE 015 – Intro to Biology
Session:
Section:
Days / Time:
Instructor:
Spring 2014
10438 4 Units
T/Th 12:30 AM – 1:45 PM LEC
T 9:00 AM – 11:50 AM LAB
RIDDELL
Student ID#:
Student Name: Biolo Gee
Team Name:
Lab Assignment #: 1
Lab Title: Hand Washing Efficacy
Date: 150625
Purpose / Objective(s):
1.
Measure and determine hand washing efficacy of various regimens against forms of common
bacteria.
Hypothesese:
2.
3.
4.
The Aloe Purell will be most effective against different types of bacteria
Purell contains the active antibacterial ingredient and paper towels have a course texture and
previous use has demonstrated that can remove large amounts of dirt from fingers.
The Hydrogen Peroxide and Hand Soap will also be efficacious, but the Hand Soap will be the least
efficacious out of the three regimens because of the generic brand.
Specimens;
#
Specimen
Details / Source
1
Culture from Left Pointer Finger – $1 Bill (A)
See methods for culture
conditions
2
Culture from Left Middle Finger – Laptop Mouse Pad (B)
See methods for culture
conditions
3
Culture from Left Ring Finger – Cell Phone Screen (C)
See methods for culture
conditions
4
Culture from Right Pointer Finger – Lab Desk (1)
See methods for culture
conditions
5
Culture from Right Middle Finger – Bottom of Backpack (2)
See methods for culture
conditions
6
Culture from Right Ring Finger – Lab Chair (3)
See methods for culture
conditions
7
Controlled (Quadrants D and 4)
See methods for culture
conditions
Methods / Tools / Instrumentation / Procedures;
Sample Cultures
1. Determined six sites / conditions for sampling

Left pointer finger / $1 bill

Left middle finger / laptop mouse pad

Left ring finger / cell phone screen

Right pointer finger / lab desk

Right middle finger / bottom of backpack

Right ring finger / lab chairs
2. Prepared samples
3. Placed samples on the periphery of standard agar culture plates – see Illustration # 1
Hand Washing Efficacy
Page 1 of 8
Document1
BIOSCIENCE 015 – Intro to Biology
Session:
Section:
Days / Time:
Instructor:
Spring 2014
10438 4 Units
T/Th 12:30 AM – 1:45 PM LEC
T 9:00 AM – 11:50 AM LAB
RIDDELL
1.
Determined / chose / selected hand washing regimen(s)

Aloe Purell with a paper towel wiping on all left fingers and the right index finger

Soft Soap Scrub with a paper towel drying on right middle finger

Hydrogen Peroxide with a paper towel drying on ring finger
2.
Washed each finger with the given regimen
Placed the washed samples on the corresponding quadrant of the agar plate near the center
Allowed the cultures to incubate at body temperature for 7 days
Observations were made of each culture

Used a dissection microscope to identify the individual colonies on the agar plate
3.
4.
5.
Instrumentation and materials
1. AO Dissection Microscope
2. Zeiss Light Microscope
3. Ruler, Metric
4. Standard gram staining technique for the individual sample

Crystal violet

Gram’s iodine

Safranin
Experimental Design
See Illustration 1 as well as Tables 1 and 2 for detailed experimental design in attachments
Results
Cultures / Gross View
1.
Table # 1 shows the cultures from the first hand washing plate.
 Cultures B and C contained similar types of bacteria
 Cultures from sample A seem to be similar to samples B and C in color and form, but not
in margin or elevation
 Washing regimen was effective for samples A, B, and C
 No growth occurred in sample D, validates no contamination
HW Experimental Design for 3 Figertip Sources of Bacteria and Results of HW Efficacy Plate 1
Actual Results
Sample #
Finger
Source
Expected Results
No Handwashing
HW Regimen
Expected Results
after HW
Actual Results
Notes
(Post-regimen)
A
(Pre-regimen)
Pre-Regimen
Colony Description
Left Index Finger
$1 bill
Growth
Growth
Aloe Purell and Paper Towel
Drying
Most Growth
A Few Colonies
Growth
Three Colonies, 1 type
Left Middle
Finger
Laptop Mouse Pad
Growth
Growth
Aloe Purell and Paper Towel
Drying
Least Growth
Many Colonies
Growth
Many Colonies, many
types,varying in size,
many small
Left Ring Finger
Cell Phone Touch
Screen
Growth
Growth
Aloe Purell and Paper Towel
Drying
Some Growth
Many Colonies
Growth
Many colonies, 3-4 types,
quite large
N/A
Control
No Growth
No Growth
N/A
No growth
No Growth
N/A
B
C
D
Page 2 of 8
Document1
BIOSCIENCE 015 – Intro to Biology
Session:
Section:
Days / Time:
Instructor:
Spring 2014
10438 4 Units
T/Th 12:30 AM – 1:45 PM LEC
T 9:00 AM – 11:50 AM LAB
RIDDELL
Cultures / Gross View
2.
Table # 2 shows the cultures from the second hand washing plate.
 Cultures 1, 2, and 3 all contain similar types of bacteria
 Cultures from unwashed sample 3 have the least whereas 1 and 2 had about the same
amount
 Washing regimen was effective for samples 1 and 2 but not 3
 No growth occurred in sample D, validates no contamination
HW Experimental Design for 3 Figertip Sources of Bacteria and Results of HW Efficacy Plate 2
Actual Results
Sample #
Finger
Source
Expected Results
No Handwashing
HW Regimen
Expected Results
after HW
Actual Results
Notes
(Post-regimen)
1
(Pre-regimen)
Pre-Regimen
Right Index
Finger
Desktop
Growth
Growth
Aloe Purell and Paper Towel
Drying
Some Growth
Many Colonies
Growth
Many colonies, 3 types,
varying in size, many
small
Colony Description
Right Middle
Finger
Bottom of the
Backpack
Growth
Growth
Hand Soap and Paper Towel
Drying
Most Growth
Many Colonies
Growth
Few Colonies, 3 types,
one large, rest in similar
size
Right Ring
Finger
Lab Chair
Growth
Growth
Hydrogen Peroxide and Paper
Towel Drying
Least Growth
Few Colonies
Growth
Few colonies, 2 types,
quite large
N/A
Control
No Growth
No Growth
N/A
No growth
No Growth
N/A
2
3
4
ACTUAL
PLAN
Cultures/Microscopic View
3.
See photograph 3 and 4 in attachments for view on bacteria culture from quadrant three.
Analysis / Discussion:
1.
2.
3.
4.
The chosen regimen of Purrell and Paper Toweling was efficacious for 4 out of 4 samples used.
The hand soap had also proven to be efficacious.
Hydrogen peroxide proved to be non-efficacious.
Although I did two trials, hypothesis is still incomplete because each trial focused on two different
things. In the first trial, it focused Purell strength against different bacteria whereas trial 2 focused on
using different regimens. Because of this, this experiment demands additional comparisons to limit
variables as well as being repeated more times to be valid.
Page 3 of 8
Document1
BIOSCIENCE 015 – Intro to Biology
Session:
Section:
Days / Time:
Instructor:
Spring 2014
10438 4 Units
T/Th 12:30 AM – 1:45 PM LEC
T 9:00 AM – 11:50 AM LAB
RIDDELL
Conclusions / Further Considerations:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Bacteria is everywhere and we must wash our hands frequently to rid of them.
Purell has proven to be the most efficacious which is probably because it can kill up to 99% of
bacteria.
Hydrogen peroxide wasn’t efficacious because of the lack of drying or possibly just from the resistant
of the bacteria.
The next experiment may focus on seeming resistant bacteria.
 Possibly use only once source of bacteria and different regimens on it to see which regimen
is more efficacious than the other.
 Test bacteria from post-washing regimens and use other regimens to see which bacteria are
more resistant.
Page 4 of 8
Document1
BIOSCIENCE 015 – Intro to Biology
Session:
Section:
Days / Time:
Instructor:
Spring 2014
10438 4 Units
T/Th 12:30 AM – 1:45 PM LEC
T 9:00 AM – 11:50 AM LAB
RIDDELL
ATTACHMENTS
Experimental Design
Illustration 1 Placement of Samples on Agar Plates
Table 3 Regimen and Post-Regimen Detailed Results for Plate 1
Detailed Results, Colony Description - Post-HW Regimen for Plate 1
Sample #
Colony Count
Colors
Diameter mm
Form
A
3
Yellow
3.667
B
2
White
3
Yellow
3
C
D
AVG
Elevation
Margin
Notes
Circular
Convex
Irregular/Filamentous
0.5
Pinpoint
Flat
Smooth
4
Circular
Flat
Smooth
Pink
1
Pinpoint
Flat
Smooth
2
Dark Gray
0.5
Circular
Flat
Smooth
8
Yellow
3.125
Ci rcul a r
Fl a t/Ra i s ed
Smooth/Irregular
5
Gray
1.4
Ci rcul a r
Fl a t/Ra i s ed
Smooth/Irregular
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
no contamination
Table 4 Regiment and Post-Regimen Detailed Results for Plate 2
Page 5 of 8
Document1
BIOSCIENCE 015 – Intro to Biology
Session:
Section:
Days / Time:
Instructor:
Spring 2014
10438 4 Units
T/Th 12:30 AM – 1:45 PM LEC
T 9:00 AM – 11:50 AM LAB
RIDDELL
Results and Illustrations and Photos
Illustrations 1 and 2; Photo 1 and 2 Gross View of Culture compared to Experimental Design
ACTUAL
PLAN
Photo 3 and 4 Microscopic View of Culture on Quadrant 3, post-regimen
ACTUAL MICROSCROPIC VIEW OF
BACTERIA CULTRUE FROM QUADRANT #3
SAMPLE OF GRAM NEGATIVE BACTERIA
(via http://brighthub.com)
Figures
Bacteria culture in quadrants A-C and 1-3 minus post-regimen
Page 6 of 8
Document1
BIOSCIENCE 015 – Intro to Biology
Session:
Section:
Days / Time:
Instructor:
Spring 2014
10438 4 Units
T/Th 12:30 AM – 1:45 PM LEC
T 9:00 AM – 11:50 AM LAB
RIDDELL
Bacteria Culture in All Quadrants
(minus post-regimens)
Average Diameter (mm)
7
6
5
Yellow
4
White
3
Pink
2
Dark Gray
1
Gray
0
Light Gray
1
2
3
4
5
6
Quadrants
1-3 = A,B,C ; 4-6 = 1,2,3
respectively
Calculations
Note: Averages are bolded and italicized below data in diameter.
Page 7 of 8
Document1
BIOSCIENCE 015 – Intro to Biology
Session:
Section:
Days / Time:
Instructor:
A
Yellow
B
White
4
4
3
3.666666667
C
Yellow
0.5
0.5
0.5
5
4
3
2
3 Dark Gray
2
1
5
3.125
White
Yellow
5
5
2
4
Pink
1
Light Gray
Gray
1
1
1
1
Dark Gray
Spring 2014
10438 4 Units
T/Th 12:30 AM – 1:45 PM LEC
T 9:00 AM – 11:50 AM LAB
RIDDELL
2
Yellow
8
1
4.5
1 White
1
1
3
Gray
4
3
5
4 White
2
2
2
2
4
3 White Post-Regimen
3.5
1
1
0.5 Gray
0.5
1
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.2
0.5
0.566666667
0.2
0.5
0.2
0.5
0.433333333
1
1
1
2
2
1.4
0.5
0.5
0.5
Yellow
7
5
6
References / Literature Cited:
Link to gram negative photograph (photo 4):
https://www.google.com/search?espv=210&es_sm=122&tbm=isch&sa=1&q=gram+positive+red+bacteria&oq=gram+positive+r
ed+bacteria&gs_l=img.3...1671370.1673884.0.1674165.10.8.0.0.0.0.0.0..0.0....0...1c.1.32.img..10.0.0.A2SnmIREEQ&biw=1366&bih=667&dpr=1&cad=cbv&sei=IuvnUt7eKcX7oASY4IHwBQ#facrc=_&imgdii=_&imgrc=eOCHlgZ
wbMiUzM%253A%3Biwp2aD7AY8hbM%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fimg.bhs4.com%252F68%252F9%252F6899e11fb472aafb8d069bba286b2f4b037f08a3_large.
jpg%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.brighthub.com%252Fscience%252Fmedical%252Farticles%252F114554.aspx%3B600%
3B600
Page 8 of 8
Document1