CHIRANJIVI LAMSAL
https://chiranjivilamsal.wordpress.com
194 Davis Ave. Apt. 50, Kearny, NJ 07032 | (201) 747-6133 | lamsalc_169@yahoo.co.uk
SUMMARY

PhD in Physics–Federated Department of Physics, Rutgers University (Newark) and New Jersey Institute of Technology
(NJIT), with experience in the field of Modeling and Computational Physics such as simulating material properties using
Numerical Methods, Atomistic Modeling Techniques and Quantum Mechanical Calculation Software Packages

Experienced in
» Performing calculations on crystal structures and electronic structures implementing full ab-initio simulation
packages “ABINIT/Quantum ESPRESSO”, which are based on Density Functional Theory (DFT), Plane Waves and
Pseudopotentials
» Calculating transport properties, including Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity, using one electron KohnSham band structure approach coupled with Boltzmann transport equations

Demonstrated skills in
» Geometry optimization and ground state energy calculations using “Guassian98/Guassian03”
» Classical Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation package: LAMMPS (Large-scale Atomic/Molecular Massively Parallel
Simulator): Study of structure, packing and orientation of adsorbate-adsorbent systems
» Simulation and modeling of optical properties of materials, using numerical methods as well as free/ commercially
available software packages: Kramers-Kronig analysis, Sum-Rule analysis, MultiRad package
» Optical and dielectric modeling of vanadium oxides based infra-red detector: Analyzed microbolometer layered
structure; Identified the composition of the vanadium oxides layer and particular role played by silicon nitride layers
to linearize the performance of the device
» Scripting/Programming Language: MATLAB, Mathematica, LabVIEW, Python, Perl, C++

Long term teaching and lab instruction experience in accredited and highly ranked world class colleges and universities
» Computer Science Adjunct Faculty (2013 & 2014) in summer Educational Opportunity Program (EOP) at NJIT
» Best Teaching Assistant, Homework, Recitation and Substitute Instructor: Students’ evaluation score of 3.9/4.0,
Spring’14
EDUCATION
1/10-1/15
1/08-12/09
1/01-12/02
Ph. D. in Applied Physics – Federated Department of Physics, Rutgers University and New Jersey Institute of
Technology (NJIT), Newark, NJ | Grade: 3.962/4.0
Title of Dissertation: Electronic, Thermoelectric and Optical Properties of Vanadium Oxides: VO2, V2O3 and V2O5
M. S. in Applied Physics- Southern Illinois University Carbondale (SIUC), IL
Title of thesis: Simulation Study of the Structure of Halomethanes on Graphite and Silica Substrates
M. S. in Physics – Tribhuvan University (TU), Nepal
Title of thesis: Equilibrium Configuration of (H2O) n, for n=1-3
SPECIAL SKILL & EXPERTISE

Modeling and Computation: Molecular Dynamics (MD)-LAMMPS, Gaussian98/Gaussian03, GAMESS, Other Density
Functional Theory (DFT) calculation packages: ABINIT/Quantum ESPRESSO, Numerical Techniques, MultiRad, Dielectric
Modeling

Pre/Post Processing Tools: ATOMPAW, BoltzTraP, cut3d, Vsim, XCrySDen, PowderCell, VESTA

Scripting/Programming Language: MATLAB, Mathematica, LabVIEW, Python, Perl, C++

Teaching Skill: High School, University

Other Computer Skill:
» LaTeX; OriginLab; EndNote; Linux: Redhat, Ubuntu, Parallel Computing-MPI; “Office”: Excel, Power point, Outlook
» Extended knowledge of Windows, Linux/Unix and MAC OS X
» Unix and Windows System Administration

Hands-on:
» Surface Mount Technology: Electronic packaging using Pick-and-Place Machine
» Characterization Techniques:
 Sample Preparation: Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD) technique
 Sample: Single Wall (SW) and Multi Wall (MW) Carbon Nano Tubes (CNTs) and CNT related structures
 Characterization Techniques: Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Raman
Spectroscopy
» Optics Experiment:
 Fresnel Biprism: Determination of wavelength of monochromatic light (Sodium lamp) and thickness of mica sheet
 Lloyd’s Mirror: Determination of wavelength of Hg light
 Air Wedge: Formation of fringe pattern by wedge shape and measure the thickness of the thin object using the
interference fringes
 Hollow Prism: Liquid solution inside a hollow prism is exposed to low power He-Ne Laser (7632.8nm) to determine
its refractive index
 Determination of Planck's constant: Study the current–voltage characteristics of a photocell and determine
Planck's constant
» Experiment-Physics General:
 Hysteresis Loss: Measurement of power loss of an iron core transformer
 Lissajous Pattern: Use Lissajous figures to take phase and frequency measurements of a given source
 Calorimetric measurement: Determine specific heat
» Electronics Experiment:
 LCR circuit: Study of resonance phenomena and quality factor of the elements in the series and parallel LCR
circuits
 Regulated Power Supply: Design a circuit to convert unregulated AC into a constant DC which provides a stable
voltage; Use Zener diode to construct a variable regulated power supply
 CE and CC Amplifiers: Determination of the voltage gain of common emitter transistor amplifier where voltage
amplification varies as the ratio of resistors on the collector and emitter of the transistor; Estimate input and
output impedance of CC amplifier; Use of Field Effect Transistor (FET) as an amplifier
 Multi vibrator and Flip-flop: Construction of an astable and a monostable multivibrator using timer 555 and
study their performance; Study the characteristics of SR and JK flip-flops
 Diodes and Transistors: Construction of voltage multiplier circuit with voltage multiplication factors of two and
three and study their characteristics; Use of diodes and transistors for constructing NOT, AND, OR, Exclusive-OR
and Exclusive-NOR gates; Half adder and full adder designed using logic gates; Combinational Boolean equations
simplified using Karnaugh map (K-map) and corresponding logic circuits constructed
 Operational Amplifier (OpAmp): Input-output waveform of OpAmp studied and used as an integrator,
differentiator; Digital to Analog (D/A) converter constructed using OpAmp in the inverting mode; Designed
OpAmp differential amplifier with specified gain requirements; Ability to amplify the differential signal while
suppressing the common signal quantified by determining Common-Mode Rejection Ratio (CMRR); Wien-bridge
oscillator designed to produce a low distortion sine wave
» Nuclear Experiment:
 Radioactive Decay: Study the behavior of β- and γ-rays passing through the matter; Determine the endpoint
energy of β- decay; Determine the absorption coefficient in lead of the γ radiation from a given source; Study
half-life and back scattering during radioactive decay
RESEARCH/PUBLICATION/PRESENTATION
Journal Paper:

“Optical Properties of Vanadium Oxides-An Analysis”, Chiranjivi Lamsal and Nuggehalli M. Ravindra, Journal of
Materials Science, 48, 6341 – 6351 (2013)

“Simulation of Spectral Emissivity of Vanadium Oxides (VOx) Based Microbolometer Structures”, Chiranjivi Lamsal and
Nuggehalli M. Ravindra, Emerging Materials Research, 3, 194 – 202 (2014)

“Equilibrium Configuration of (H2O)n, for n=1-3”, Chiranjivi Lamsal, Devendra Raj Mishra and Nuggehalli M. Ravindra,
Nanomaterials and Energy, 3, 129 – 138 (2014)

“Ab Initio Calculations of Electronic and Thermoelectric Properties of Vanadium Oxides”, C. Lamsal and N. M.
Ravindra, a manuscript in preparation
Manuscript Reviewer:
The ORCID identifier (ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2960-1315) | Reviewing manuscripts regularly for the Journals:

International Journal of Photoenergy

Emerging Materials Research
Book Chapter:

Chiranjivi Lamsal and Nuggehalli M. Ravindra (2014). “Vanadium Oxides for Energy and Security Applications”. In Y.
Dwivedi, S. B. Rai & J. P. Singh (Eds.), Spectroscopic Techniques for Security, Forensic and Environmental
Applications (pp. 195-220). Hauppauge, New York: Nova Science Publishers. ISBN: 978-1-63117-431-5
Conference Proceeding:

“Optical and Electronic Properties of AlN, GaN and InN: An Analysis”, Chiranjivi Lamsal, Dongguo Chen and Nuggehalli
M. Ravindra,Supplemental Proceedings: Materials Processing and Interfaces, 1,701-713 (2012)
Oral Presentation:

“Thermoelectric Properties of Vanadium Oxides”, Chiranjivi Lamsal and Nuggehalli M. Ravindra, Materials Science &
Technology, 2014: Pittsburg, PA

“Optical, Electrical and Electronic Properties of Vanadium Oxides – An Analysis”, Chiranjivi Lamsal, and Nuggehalli M.
Ravindra, TMS Annual Meeting & Exhibition, 2014: San Diego, CA

“Optical and Electrical Properties of Vanadium Oxides – An Analysis”, Chiranjivi Lamsal, and Nuggehalli M.
Ravindra, Materials Science & Technology, 2013: Montréal, Canada

“Temperature Dependent Adsorption Dynamics of Binary Mixtures of Halomethanes on Graphite and α-Quartz
Surfaces”, Gary Leuty,Chiranjivi Lamsal, Jonathan Nehring and Mesfin Tsige, APS March meeting, 2009: Pittsburgh, PA
Poster Presentation:

“Vanadium Oxides: Properties and Applications“, Chiranjivi Lamsal and N. M. Ravindra, IX Annual Graduate Student
Research Day, 2014: New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ

“Halomethane Adsorption on Graphite and Silica Surfaces”, Chiranjivi Lamsal, Gary Leuty, Jonathan Nehring and
Mesfin Tsige, APS March meeting, 2009: Pittsburgh, PA

“Adsorption of Binary Mixtures of Halomethanes on Solid Substrates”, Chiranjivi Lamsal, Gary Leuty and Mesfin
Tsige, 41st Midwest Theoretical Chemistry Conference (MWTCC), 2009: Carbondale, IL

“Study of Static and Dynamic Properties of Halomethanes Adsorbed on Graphite Substrate”, Jonathan
Nehring, Chiranjivi Lamsal, and Mesfin Tsige: a research conducted under Research Experiences for Undergraduates
(REU) program at Southern Illinois University Carbondale (SIUC), 2009. This research was funded by the National Science
Foundation (NSF), USA
HONOR AND AWARD

Honored with “Assiduous Scholarship” package, every year in high school, for earning the highest grade in the class

Honored by a Certificate of Appreciation for the best academic performance in the undergraduate level

Outstanding Student Award, M. S. (2001), Tribhuvan University, Nepal

Mini Research Award (2006), University Grant Commission (UGC), Nepal

Graduate Scholarship (Jan. 2008 – Dec. 2009), Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, USA

Conference Travel Award (2013), a highly competitive graduate-student-award in the Department of Physics, New
Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA

Special Achievement Award (2014), Graduate Student Association (GSA) Conference Travel Award, New Jersey Institute
of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA

Graduate Scholarship (Jan. 2010 – Present), New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA
EXPERIENCE
1. Research Experience: Master’s, PhD
ELECTRONIC, THERMOELECTRIC & OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF VANADIUM OXIDES: VO2, V2O3 AND V2O5: A Brief Description
♦ ELECTRONIC AND THERMOELECTRIC PROPERTIES:

Calculations on crystal structures and electronic structures are performed implementing full ab-initio simulation
packages “ABINIT/Quantum ESPRESSO”, which are based on Density Functional Theory (DFT), Plane Waves and
Pseudopotentials; Transport properties, including Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity are calculated with
the BoltzTraP package.

PAW (Projector Augmented Wave) pseudopotential was generated using a program called AtomPaw, where Local
Density Approximation (LDA) was used with the Perdew-wang 92 (exchange-correlation) functional; Valence bands were
carefully chosen in order to avoid ghost bands from appearing in the band structures

Full variable cell relaxation was performed using the Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno (BFGS) minimization;
Convergence of total energy was performed with respect to plane wave cut-off energy, k-point grid (Monkhorst-Pack),
etc.

Electron density from Self-Consistent Field (SCF) calculation was used as an input for Non-Self-Consistent (NSCF)
calculation to obtain electronic structure on much finer grid (as compared to the SCF grid)

Smooth highly resolved electronic bands were processed using the BoltzTraP code; Transport properties were calculated
using band energies with constant relaxation time approximation
» One electron Kohn-Sham electronic band structures are found to be influenced by crystal structure, crystal field
splitting and strong hybridization between O2p and V3d bands
» Transport properties are studied for metallic as well as insulating phases of vanadium oxides using the Kohn-Sham
band structure approach coupled with Boltzmann transport equations
♦ OPTICAL PROPERTIES:
Scripting Language: MATLAB || Other Tool: OriginLab, EndNote

Optical properties of bulk and thin film of VO2, V2O3, and V2O5, deposited on Al2O3 substrates, were analyzed from
infrared to vacuum ultraviolet range (up to 12 eV) as a function of structure, polarization, and temperature

Penn-like models were used to interpret frequency dependence of dielectric function, ε(ω); Average isotropic energy
gap was measured in terms of the long-wavelength electronic dielectric constant in the non- dispersive region; Degree
of anisotropy was observed in the order of V2O3<VO2<V2O5

Band gap energy (Eg), zero-frequency (ε0) and high-frequency ( ε∞) Dielectric Constants, Phillips Ionicity (fi), average
Homopolar (Eh) and Heteropolar (C) energy gaps, Fermi energy (EF) were calculated

Optical transitions and effective number, neff,of electrons participating in these processes are described from the
ε2(ω) spectra and its numerical integration using “SUM RULE“

The change in neff with respect to the energy of incident photons was calculated; This change was consistent with the
peaks observed in the ε2(ω) spectra
♦ DEVICE ASPECT:
Tool: MultiRad, a package that implements thin film optics in the form of matrix method of multilayers and assumes the
layers to be optically smooth, parallel to each other and optically isotropic

Simulation of room temperature spectral emissivity of an industry standard VOx-based microbolometer structure, with x
equal to 1·8, was studied

Microbolometer device was “dissected” layer by layer; Identified the composition of the vanadium oxides layer and
particular role played by silicon nitride layers to linearize the performance of the uncooled vanadium oxide
based microbolometer
EQUILIBRIUM CONFIGURATION OF (H2O) n, FOR n=1-3: A Brief Description

Geometry optimization and ground state (0K) energy calculations were performed using “Guassian98/Guassian03”,
an ab-initio simulation package which utilizes basis sets of different size and complexity in different levels
of approximation

BASIS SETS, used in the procedure, are based on the Gaussian functions, viz.: STO-3G, 3-21G, 6-31G, 6-311G, and
their single starred (d function) and double starred (d & p functions) counterparts

Electron correlation was included to Hartree-Fock approximation by implementing Møller-Plesset second-order
(MP2) perturbation correction

Frequency calculations were done, during the geometry optimization, making sure that all 3N-6 calculated vibrational
frequencies were real

Effect of increasing the size and polarization functions to the basis sets was noticed for the equilibrium geometry;
Convergence of results was tested and found to be consistent

Ground State Energy, Geometry and Dipole Moment were calculated within the framework of Density
Functional Theory (DFT) utilizing the functional of Becke and Lee-Yang-Parr- the BLYP calculations

Correlation Energy, Binding Energy as well as Many-Body Contribution to the Binding Energy were calculated

An attempt was made, from the energy stand point, to understand the controversy on chemical formula of water as H2O
or H1.5O! Small water clusters as well as water like molecules such as (H2O)OH, H2O2 and (H2O)OH- were studied to make
the conclusion
SIMULATION STUDY OF THE STRUCTURE OF HALOMETHANE ON GRAPHITE AND SILICA SUBSTRATES: A Brief Description
Scripting Language: Python, Perl || Markup Language: LaTeX

Structure, Packing and Orientation of adsorbate-adsorbent systems (Halomethanes on Graphite and Silica substrates)
were studied at different temperature using classical Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation package: LAMMPS (Largescale Atomic/Molecular Massively Parallel Simulator)

Film of 1000 molecules of CF4, CF3Cl or CF3Br adsorbed on homogeneous but chemically and structurally different
substrates: graphite and α-quartz were used in the simulation; Dangling bonds on the surface were capped with -H or OH atoms

Seven layers of graphite sheet (54.12 Å × 51.13 Å × 20.10 Å) and comparable size of α-quartz substrate were used; Cutoff distance was 12 Å much smaller than film thickness

Periodic boundary conditions were applied to minimize the contributions of surface effects; Substrate atoms were
frozen throughout the simulation

Optimized Potential for Liquid Simulations-All Atom (OPLS-AA) force field was used to define the interactions between
atoms; Temperature during the simulation was controlled using a Nose-Hoover thermostat with a damping constant of
100 fs; Coulomb terms were calculated using the particle-particle particle-mesh (PPPM) algorithm; Velocity-Verlet
algorithm was used to perform the numerical integration of Newton’s laws of motion

Average degree of layering and packing was characterized by density profile: ρ(z)= m <N>/(Lx Ly ∆z); Type of packing of
a particle with respect to one another was characterized by In-plane Pair Correlation Function g(r)

Average degree of alignment of molecules in the layers of the film was investigated by Orientational Order Profiles,
defined as the time average of the second-order Legendre polynomial: S=1/2⟨3cos2θ-1⟩; Orientation of molecules with
respect to neighboring molecules in each layer of the film was explained by In-plane (polar) angle distribution

Geometry and electro-affinity of the surface atoms affect the structure and layering of the film; Packing of molecules
was commensurate with the polarity and size of the adsorbate molecule
ANALYSIS OF OPTICAL AND ELECTRONIC PROPERTIES OF AlN, GaN AND InN: A Brief Description
Scripting Language: MATLAB

Optical property was studied based on Kramers-Kronig (KK) analysis

KK extrapolation of reflectance data was made beyond the measured energy range; Along with “careful” extrapolation
in the high energy (greater than plasma energy) range, complex Refractive Index, n(ω), and Dielectric Function, ε(ω),
were calculated

Penn-like models were used to interpret frequency dependence of real, ε1(ω), and imaginary part, ε2(ω), of dielectric
function

Temperature and pressure dependent band gap were analyzed; Wemple-DiDomenico model was applied

Maximum number of optically induced electronic transitions are related to intensity maximum of ε2(ω) spectrum;
Energy corresponding to peak is a “macroscopic” band gap
2. Teaching Experience: University and High School
Computer Science Adjunct Faculty (2013 & 2014) and Tutor (2012): Summer Educational Opportunity Program (EOP) at NJIT

Compiled and interpreted computer languages were compared; Apart from the programming language and interpreter,
capabilities of Matlab such as Graphical User Interface (GUI), Standard Library, Simulink, other tool kits were introduced

Starting with Matlab’s Development Environment (Matlab Desktop), Variable Editor; Fundamental Functions; Symbols;
Variables and Keywords; Operators and Expressions; Input and Output; Plotting and Organizing graphs; Conditional
Statements: Flow Chart/Algorithm and if/switch statement; Control Statements: for, while and “nested” loops were
introduced; Students were encouraged to practice whos, doc, help and input commands
Teaching Assistant:

New Jersey Institute of Technology; January 2010 – Present

Southern Illinois University; January 2008 – December 2009 (2 years)

University Physics Lecture/Lab Instructor
» Lab related courses in Mechanics, Astronomy and Electricity & Magnetism were taught to undergraduate students
majoring in Engineering and Applied Physics
» Best Teaching Assistant, Homework, Recitation and Substitute Instructor: Students’ evaluation score of 3.9/4.0,
Spring’14
Lecturer of Physics: Lecture and Laboratory

Mahendra Bhawan Higher Secondary School, Gyaneshwar, Kathmandu, Nepal; July 2006 – December 2007 (1 year 6
months)

Lincoln College, Samakhushi, Kathmandu, Nepal; July 2006 – December 2007 (1 year 6 months)

Siddhartha Academy (+2 College), Bafal, Kathmandu, Nepal; July 2005 – December 2007 (2 years 6 months)

Little Angels’ College, Lalitpur, Nepal; November 2004 – December 2007 (3 years 2 months)

Undergraduate Physics course (both lecture and laboratory) instructor
» Instructor of different fields of Physics: Mechanics, Astronomy, Heat and Thermodynamics, Electrostatics, Electricity
and Magnetism, Optics, Sound and Particle Physics
» Full time instructor in Little Angels’ College, the school with more than 8000 students; Physics Department Head in
the final year of my service
High School Teacher:

Children’s Eternal Academy, Naya Bazaar, Kathmandu, Nepal; January 2003-January 2004 (1 year)
» Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Astronomy and Mathematics Instructor in High School

Public Boarding English School, Banasthali, Kathmandu, Nepal; January 2000-December 2000 (1 year)
» Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Astronomy and Mathematics Instructor in High School

Jaya Bageshwori Higher Secondary School, Nepalgunj, Bankey, Nepal; May 1996- January 1998 (1 year 8 months)
» Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Astronomy, English, Nepali (नेपाली) and Mathematics Instructor in Middle and High
School
LEADERSHIP AND AFFILIATION
 Member: American Physical Society (APS)
 Member: Materials Science & Technology (MS&T)
 Member: Minerals, Metals and Materials (TMS) Society
 Life Member: Nepal Physical Society (NPS)
 Life Member: Integrated Forum of Science and Technology (INFOST)-Nepal
 Secretary: Nepalese Students Society, Southern Illinois University Carbondale (NSS-SIUC) 2008-2009
SPECIAL PROGRAM ATTENDED

Selected as a judge in the “Illinois Junior Academy of Science Region 8 Science Fair, 2008” while I was a Graduate
Student of Physics in Southern Illinois University Carbondale (SIUC). The fair had over 380 projects and more than 425
students attended

Participated in the “Fifth School on Astronomy and Astrophysics” while I was a Lecturer of Physics at Mahendra
Bhawan Higher Secondary School, Kathmandu, Nepal. The program was held in Kathmandu (Jan. 16th –19th, 2007) and
was organized by Government of Nepal, Ministry of Environment, Science & Technology, B. P. Koirala Memorial
Planetarium, Observatory and Science Museum Development Board

Participated in the workshop on “How to Become an Effective and Efficient Teacher- New Roles and Responsibilities”, as
a Lecturer of Little Angels’ College. The program was held on 31st March & 2nd April 2006 in Xavier Academy,
Kathmandu, Nepal

Participated in the Nepal Education Foundation (NEF) workshop on “Installation of a Quality Management System (QMS)
at NEF affiliated Institutions: Process driven Quality Management Initiatives, Performance Monitoring and Components
of Effective and Efficient Teaching and Learning”, as a Lecturer of Physics in Little Angels’ College. The workshop was
held for two days (May 9th –10th, 2005) in Xavier Academy, Kathmandu, Nepal

Participated in the “School on Astronomy and Astrophysics”, as a Lecturer of Physics in Little Angels’ College. The
program was held for four days (Jan. 12th –15th, 2005) in Kathmandu, Nepal and was organized by His Majesty’s
Government, Ministry of Science & Technology, B. P. Koirala Memorial Planetarium, Observatory and Science Museum
Development Board

Served as an English teacher, besides being a student of Physics, in the secondary level in Jaya Bageshwori Higher
Secondary School, Nepalgunj, Bankey, Nepal. Attended the ORIENTATION held ON TEACHING ENGLISH at Nepalgunj on
April 25th, 1997.