Template for Water Security Plan for Jal Gram
1.
Introduction
2.
Village at a Glance
2.1
Name of Jal Gram
2.2
Spatial Location
Latitude- ____________, Longitude-____________
2.3
Block/Taluk/Mandal
2.4
District
2.5
State
2.6
Nearest Town (with Distance)
2.7
Nearest Railway Station
2.8
Name of Gram Pradhan/Sarpanch
2.9
Postal Address of Gram Panchayat with PIN Code
2.10 Area
The total area of the village is _____ SqKm. Out of this, total agricultural land
is _____ SqKm.
2.10 Population
As per 2011 Census statistics, total population of the village is ______ out of
which the male population is ______ and the female population is _______. The
population density of the village is ______. The total population below poverty line
is about _____. The average literacy figures for village stands at _____% (Male _____%, Female - _____%).
2.11 Physiographical Description
[Details of terrains to be explained under the Para]
2.12 River & Drainage System
2.13 Climate
The climate of village can be described as _________________________. The
various seasons in the village can be divided as
1
Winter:
[month] to [month]
2
Summer:
[month] to [month]
3
Monsoon:
[month] to [month]
4
Autumn:
[month] to [month]
2.14 Temperature
The temperature of the village changes from season to season. However the
minimum temperature in the village range between _____ Celsius in winter season
whereas the maximum temperature ranges between _____ Celsius in summer
season.
2.15 Rainfall
The monsoon usually arrives in the _________ and lasts till _________. The
average rainfall in the village is approximately ______ mm. The average maximum
rainfall is usually recorded in the month of _______.
2.16 Soil
2.17 Irrigation Facilities
2.18 Floura & Fauna
2.19 Agriculture
2.20 Animal Husbandry
2.21 Mines & Minerals
2.22 Industrialisation
2.23 Transport & Communication
2.24 Any Other Relevant Information
3.0 Sources of Water
3.1
Quantitative Assessment of Water Resources
3.2
Quality of Water
4.0 Demand of Water
4.1
Irrigation sector
4.2
Domestic Consumption
4.2.1 Drinking Water
4.2.2 Animal Husbandry
4.3
Other Consumption
5.0 Present Status of Development
5.1
Irrigation sector
5.2
Domestic Consumption
6.0 Gap Assessment
7.0 Solutions
8.0 Works to be taken
[The solutions identified in above section are to translated into various works and
details of such works are to given in subsequent sections one by one. Various possible
works which could be taken up taken up to ensure optimum and sustainable provision
of water in the village is described in Annex-I]
8.1
Work No. 1
8.1.1 Description of work
8.1.2 Source of funding
[The details of funding arrangement for the works to be carried out are given in
Annex-II]
8.1.3 Implementation Mechanism
The work is be implemented by the [Name of the Office], Department of
[Name of the Department], Government of [State]. The [Department] will prepare
the schemes in consultation with the Village / Block Level Committee. The schemes
will be submitted to the District Level Committee for its appraisal in order to ensure
that the same is in conformity with the water security plan. Subsequently, the
[department] will obtain necessary approvals and finalise the funding arrangement.
An Action Plan will be prepared for implementation of the scheme. The
[department] will submit a monthly report of physical and financial achievement to
the Block level Committee, which is responsible for monitoring of the
implementation of the scheme. The [department] will also a completion report after
execution of the work is over so that process for transfer of responsibility for O&M
could be initiated.
8.1.4 Operation & Maintenance
The operation and maintenance of the works will be carried out by [Water
Users’ Associations / PRIs]. After completion of the work, the same will be handed
over to the [Water Users’ Associations / PRIs]. Necessary capacity building of the
[Water Users’ Associations / PRIs] will be done to handle the O&M of the work. The
financial resources for O&M work will have to be arranged by the [Water Users’
Associations / PRIs] through participatory approach / income from the structure, if
any / government funding, if any.
8.2
Work -2
..........
9.0 Conclusions & Recommendations
******
Annex-I
Works which could be taken up in Jal Gram Component of Jal Kranti Abhiyan
The indicative list of works which could be taken up in Jal Gram Component of
Jal Kranti Abhiyan is as under:
 Repair, renovation and restoration of reservoir / pond / tank systems
including restoration of distribution network within its Commands.
 Increase in storage capacity of water bodies
 Construction of check dams / water harvesting structures for Ground
Water Recharge
 Correction of system deficiencies above outlet up to distributaries of 4.25
cumec
 Construction of field channels
 Reclamation of waterlogged areas/drainage
 Encouraging conjunctive use of surface and ground water
 Popularisation of New Technological solutions for efficient use of water
 Demonstrations / Capacity Building programme for stakeholders.
The salient details of works are indicated as under:
Repair, renovation and restoration of Water Bodies
The Scope of work for Repair, renovation and restoration of Water Bodies may
include the following:







De-silting of water bodies,
Repair of conveyance system,
Strengthening of bund(s),
Repair of weirs and sluices,
Catchment treatment,
Command area development,
Soil erosion prevention works,
Quality control measures.
The DPR of a project may be prepared keeping view the information on the
following aspects:
 Details of present status of the water bodies (in use or partially used or not
in use) with reasons for deterioration in condition
 Rainfall during the last ten years, ground water level, land use pattern, soil
characteristics, climate conditions, availability of water in the catchment
area for channelization into water body, water quality situation in the
water body and adjoining areas.
 Details of original CCA, present CCA and CCA planned in the DPR, original
storage capacity/present storage capacity and storage capacity planned in
the DPR, water quality situation in the water body and of ground water in
adjoining areas with likely impact of the project on water quality of the
water body and of the ground water.
Construction of check dams for Ground Water Recharge:
The Check Dams are constructed across gullies, nalahs or streams to check the
flow of surface water in the stream channel and to retain water for longer durations
in the pervious soil or rock surface. These are constructed across bigger streams and
in areas having gentler slopes. These may be temporary structures such as brush
wood dams, loose / dry stone masonry check dams, Gabion check dams and woven
wire dams constructed with locally available material or permanent structures
constructed using stones, brick and cement. Competent civil and agro-engineering
techniques are to be used in the design, layout and construction of permanent check
dams to ensure proper storage and adequate outflow of surplus water to avoid
scours on the downstream side for long-term stability of the dam. The site selected
for check dam should have sufficient thickness of permeable soils or weathered
material to facilitate recharge of stored water within a short span of time. The water
stored in these structures is mostly confined to the stream course and the height is
normally less than 2 m. These are designed based on stream width and excess water
is allowed to flow over the wall. In order to avoid scouring from excess runoff, water
cushions are provided on the downstream side. To harness maximum runoff in the
stream, a series of such check dams can be constructed to have recharge on a
regional scale.
The following parameters should be kept in mind while selecting sites for
check dams:
i) The total catchment area of the stream should normally be between 40
and 100 ha. Local situations can, however, be a guiding factor in this
regard.
ii) The rainfall in the catchment should be preferably less than 1000 mm /
annum.
iii) The stream bed should be 5 to 15 m wide and at least 1m deep.
iv) The soil downstream of the bund should not be prone to water logging and
should have a pH value between 6.5 and 8.
v) The area downstream of the Check Dam / bund should have irrigable land
under well irrigation.
vi) The Check dams / Nalah bunds should preferably be located in areas
where contour or graded bunding of lands have been carried out.
vii) The rock strata exposed in the ponded area should be adequately
permeable to cause ground water recharge.
Check dams / Nalah bunds are normally 10 to 15 m long, 1 to 3 m wide and 2
to 3 m high, generally constructed in a trapezoidal form. Detailed studies are to be
made in the watershed prior to construction of the check dam to assess the current
erosion condition, land use and water balance. The community in the watershed
should also be involved in the planning and selection of the type and location of the
structure.
For construction of the check dam, a trench, about 0.6 m wide in hard rock
and l.2 m wide in soft impervious rock is dug for the foundation of core wall. A core
brick cement wall, 0.6 m wide and raised at least 2.5m above the nalah bed is
erected and the remaining portion of trench back filled on upstream side by
impervious clay. The core wall is buttressed on both sides by a bund made up of local
clays and stone pitching is done on the upstream face. If the bedrock is highly
fractured, cement grouting is done to make the foundation leakage free.
The details of design requirement for the structure can be obtained from the
CGWB’s “Manual on artificial Recharge of Ground Water” available on the website of
CGWB.
Construction of water harvesting structures for Ground Water Recharge
The concept of rainwater harvesting involves ‘tapping the rainwater where it
falls’. A major portion of rainwater that falls on the earth’s surface runs off into
streams and rivers and finally into the sea. An average of 8-12 percent of the total
rainfall recharge only is considered to recharge the aquifers. The technique of
rainwater harvesting involves collecting the rain from localized catchment surfaces
such as roofs, plain / sloping surfaces etc., either for direct use or to augment the
ground water resources depending on local conditions. Among various techniques of
water harvesting, harvesting water from roof tops needs special attention because of
the following advantages:
a)
Roof top rainwater harvesting is one of the appropriate options to
supplement the domestic requirements in rural areas as well.
b)
Rainwater runoff which otherwise flows through sewers and storm
drains and is wasted, can be harvested and utilized.
c)
Rainwater is bacteriologically safe, free from organic matter and is soft
in nature.
d)
It helps in reducing the frequent drainage congestion and flooding
during heavy rains in areas where availability of open surfaces is
limited and surface runoff is quite high.
e)
It improves the quality of ground water through dilution.
f)
The harnessed rainwater can be utilized at the time of need.
g)
The structures required for harvesting rainwater are simple,
economical and eco-friendly.
h)
Roof catchments are relatively cleaner and free from contamination
compared to the ground level catchments.
i)
Losses from roof catchments are much less when compared to other
catchments.
Collection of rainwater from roof tops for domestic needs is popular in some
parts of India. The simplest method of roof top rainwater harvesting is the collection
of rainwater in a large pot/vessel kept beneath the edge of the roof. The water thus
collected can meet the immediate domestic needs. Tanks made of iron sheets,
cement or bricks can also be used for storing water. In this method, water is
collected from roofs using drain pipes/gutters fixed to roof edge.
Though the practice of roof top rainwater harvesting is an age-old one,
systematic collection and storage of water to meet the drinking water needs has
become popular only recently. The popularity of this practice is limited by the costs
involved in collection of water by gutters/pipes and its storage in underground tanks
made of iron or brick. Use of Ferro-cement technology in construction and
maintenance of storage tanks has become popular in recent years as the strength
and durability of ferrocement structures have been found to make the schemes costeffective.
Rainwater harvesting practices vary widely in size, type of construction
material used and methods of collection and storage. Easy availability of know-how
on systematic and economic methods of construction will encourage the user
households to adopt this practice. There is also a need for creating awareness and
for development of simple techniques of construction/fabrication of the components
of rainwater harvesting system for popularising this technique as a potential
alternative source of drinking water, at least for part of the year.
The details of design requirement for the structure can be obtained from the
CGWB’s “Manual on artificial Recharge of Ground Water” available on the website of
CGWB.
Annex-II
Funding Arrangements for Works to be carried out under Jal
Kranti Abhiyan
There is no separate outlay proposed for the works to be carried out
under Jal Kranti Abhiyan. As such, the expenditure on various works proposed
to be taken in Jal Gram would be met from existing schemes of Central/State
Governments, such as:

Accelerated Irrigation Benefit Programme (AIBP)

Proposed Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojana

Repair, Renovation and Restoration of Water Bodies

Integrated Watershed Management Programme

Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme

Implementation of National Water Mission
The details of works / activities and the schemes from which the funds
would be met are as follows:
Sl.
Work/Activity
Scheme
No.
1
Comprehensive improvement of selected tank RRR of water
systems including restoration within the
bodies/
irrigated Commands.
CADWM
Programme/
PMKSY
2
3
Renovation and de-silting of existing irrigation NREGA
tanks.
Minor Irrigation Schemes
NREGA / AIBP /
PMKSY
Sl.
Work/Activity
No.
4
Increase in storage capacity of water bodies
and Ground Water Recharge
5
Correction of system deficiencies above outlet
up to distributaries of 4.25 cumec (150 cusec)
capacity. (Earth work)
6
Correction of system deficiencies above outlet
up to distributaries of 4.25 cumec (150 cusec)
capacity. (other than earth work)
7
Scheme
RRR / PMKSY
NREGA
CADWM
Programme
Survey, Planning and designing of OFD works CADWM
Programme
8
Construction of field channels
NREGA/CADW
M Programme
9
Ground Water recharge through Dug well
NREGA
10
Reclamation of waterlogged areas/drainage
NREGA/
CADWM
programme
11
Conjunctive use of Surface and ground water NREGA
12
Popularisation
13
Technological solutions for efficient use of
water
Demonstrations
CADWM
of
New
IEC
programme
14
Capacity Building of communities & their CADWM
&
participation
NERIWALM
The salient details of schemes which can support the activities of Jal Kranti
Abhiyan are given is subsequent paras.
Accelerated Irrigation Benefit Programme (AIBP): The Accelerated Irrigation
Benefits Programme (AIBP) provide financial assistance to major/medium irrigation
projects in the country, with the objective to accelerate the implementation of those
projects which were beyond resource capability of the states or were in advanced
stage of completion. From the year 1999-2000 onwards, financial assistance under
AIBP could also be extended to minor surface irrigation projects of special category
states. As per latest guidelines, Major and Medium Irrigation Projects having
investment clearance of Planning Commission, which are in advanced stage of
construction and can be completed in the next four financial years can be considered
for inclusion. Components of the projects not receiving any other form of financial
assistance can also be considered for inclusion. New project could also be included
under AIBP on completion of an ongoing project on one to one basis except for
projects benefiting (a) drought-prone areas (DPAP areas) & Desert Prone Area(DDP
areas); (b) tribal areas; (c) States with lower irrigation development as compared to
national average; and (d) districts identified under the PM’s package for agrarian
distress districts. The Major/Medium ERM Projects (a) having investment clearance
of Planning Commission (b) Projects already completed and commissioned at least 10
years earlier from the proposed year of inclusion in AIBP, i.e., for current year
projects completed before 2002-03 will qualify for inclusion. Surface minor irrigation
(MI) schemes (both new as well as ongoing) of Special category states -North-Eastern
states, Hilly states (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir and Uttarakhand) and
drought prone undivided Koraput, Bolangir and Kalahandi (KBK) districts of Odisha
which are approved by State TAC will be eligible for assistance under the programme
provided that (i) individual schemes have Culturable Command Area (CCA) of 10
hectare and cluster of MI schemes within radius of 5 Km having CCA of 20 hectare (ii)
proposed MI schemes have benefit cost ratio of more than 1 and (iii) the
development cost per hectare of CCA of individual scheme is less than Rs.2.5 lakh.
For Non-special category states, the individual surface minor irrigation schemes
having CCA of 20 hectare and cluster of MI schemes within radius of 5 km. having
total CCA of 50 hectare benefitting tribal areas, drought prone areas, desert prone
areas and Left Wing Extremists Affected area will be eligible for assistance under
AIBP.
Command Area Development & Water Management Programme (CAD&WM):
Command Area Development and Water Management (CADWM) Programme aims
at efficient utilization of irrigation water for optimizing agricultural productivity and
production from irrigated lands in a coordinated manner on a sustainable basis. The
programme also aims at increasing the pace of tackling the problem of water-logging
by bringing in newer technologies like sub- surface drainage and bio-drainage under
the realm of this programme. The programme is being implemented pari-passu with
Accelerated Irrigation Benefits Programme (AIBP). The activities which could be
taken up under the CADWM are as under:
 Survey, planning and designing of On-Farm Development (OFD) works.
OFD works includes
o construction of field channels, land levelling and shaping where
necessary, micro-irrigation
o Construction of field drains, intermediate and link drains
o Correction of system deficiencies above the outlet up to distributaries
of upto 4.25 cumec (150 Cusec)
o Reclamation of waterlogged areas
 Soft activities namely trainings, adaptive trials, demonstrations and
monitoring & evaluation.
 One time functional grant to Water Users' Associations.
 One time Infrastructure grant to WUAs /WALMIs/IMTIs; and
Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojna: The vision of Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee
Yojana (PMKSY) is to ensure access to some means of protective irrigation to all
agricultural farms in the country, to produce ‘per drop more crop’, thus bringing
much desired rural prosperity. The broad objectives of PMKSY are:
a) Achieve convergence of investments in irrigation at the field level (preparation
of district level and, if required, sub district level water use plans).
b) Enhance the physical access of water on the farm and expand cultivable area
under assured irrigation (Har Khet ko pani),
c) Integration of water source, distribution and its efficient use, to make best use
of water through appropriate technologies and practices.
d) Improve on-farm water use efficiency to reduce wastage and increase
availability both in duration and extent,
e) Enhance the adoption of precision-irrigation and other water saving
technologies (More crop per drop).
f) Enhance recharge of aquifers and introduce sustainable water conservation
practices
g) Ensure the integrated development of rainfed areas using the watershed
approach towards soil and water conservation, regeneration of ground water,
arresting runoff, providing livelihood options and other NRM activities.
h) Promote extension activities relating to water harvesting, water management
and crop alignment for farmers and grass root level field functionaries.
i) Explore the feasibility of reusing treated municipal waste water for periurban
agriculture, and
j) Attract greater private investments in irrigation.
The programme components of PMKSY are (i) Accelerated Irrigation Benefit
Programme (AIBP); (ii) PMKSY (Har Khet ko Pani); (iii) PMKSY (Per Drop More Crop);
and (iv) PMKSY (Watershed Development). PMKSY funds will be provided to the
State Governments as per the pattern of assistance of Centrally Sponsored Schemes
decided by Ministry of Finance and NITI Aayog. During 2015-16, existing pattern of
assistance of ongoing schemes will be continued.
Repair, Renovation and Restoration of Water Bodies: In India, tanks/ponds & lakes
have traditionally played an important role in irrigation, drinking water supply,
hydropower, ecology, tourism/culture and domestic use. Relative importance of
some of these Water Bodies has waned due to a number of reasons such as shifting
away from community based tank system to individual beneficiary oriented ground
water dependent system, encroachments, silting, population pressure, multiplicity of
agencies responsible for their upkeep, etc. A scheme for “Repair, Renovation and
Restoration (RRR) of Water Bodies directly linked to Agriculture” is under
implementation for rejuvenating these water bodies with a aim to add irrigation
potential. During XII Plan, about 10,000 water bodies having a Culturable Command
Area (CCA) of 6.235 lakh hectare at a cost of Rs. 10,000 crore would be covered
under the scheme. Out of 10,000 water bodies, 9,000 water bodies will be in rural
areas and balance 1,000 water bodies will be in urban areas.
Integrated Watershed Management Scheme: The main objectives of the Integrated
Watershed Management Programme (IWMP) are to restore the ecological balance
by harnessing, conserving and developing degraded natural resources such as soil,
vegetative cover and water. The outcomes are prevention of soil erosion,
regeneration of natural vegetation, rain water harvesting and recharging of the
ground water table. This enables multi-cropping and the introduction of diverse
agro-based activities, which help to provide sustainable livelihoods to the people
residing in the watershed area. Under the programme, works are planned and
implemented for clusters of area of size of about 5,000 Ha. A uniform funding
pattern of 90:10 [Central :State] is adopted under the project. Typical works funded
under the programme are Ridge Area Treatment works in form of regeneration of
vegetative cover in forest and common land, afforestation, staggered trenching,
contour and graded bunding, bench terracing etc.; Drainage line treatment works
such as earthen checks, brushwood checks, gully plugs, loose boulder checks, gabion
structures, underground dykes etc.; Development of water harvesting structures
such as low-cost farm ponds, nalla bunds, check-dams, percolation tanks and ground
water recharge through wells, bore wells and other measures; Land development
including in-situ soil and moisture conservation and drainage management measures
like field bunds, contour and graded bunds fortified with plantation, bench terracing
in hilly terrain etc.
Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA): Evolving
the design of the wage employment programmes to more effectively fight poverty,
the Central Government is implementing the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural
Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) since 2005. The MGNREGA aims at
enhancing livelihood security by providing at least one hundred days of guaranteed
wage employment in a financial year to every rural household whose adult members
volunteer to do unskilled manual work. The activities related to water sector
undertaken through MGNREGA are water harvesting, groundwater recharge,
drought-proofing, and flood protection. Its focus on eco-restoration and sustainable
livelihoods will lead over time, to an increase in land productivity and aid the workers
in moving from wage employment to sustainable employment. Almost 80% works
relate to soil and water conservation. MGNREGA works by their very nature place
stress on increasing land productivity, recharging ground water and increasing water
availability.