Name ________________________________ Date _____________ Class _________
7th Grade Texas History Midterm Review Key
2015 – 2016
Annual Rain Fall in Texas
Oklahoma
New Mexico
Arkansas
Red River
Central Plains
Louisiana
50.1 in or more
Sabine
River
Great Plains
Mountains
and Basins
40.1 – 50 in
30.1 – 40 in
20.1 – 30 in
Coastal
Plains
10.1 – 20 in
Mexico
10 in or less
Rio Grande
Gulf of
Mexico
1. Label the 4 natural regions that have been marked for you (p. 73), the Gulf of Mexico,
Mexico, 3 Border Rivers, and surrounding states (p. RA 20 or 21 ). Color the annual
rainfall in Texas (p. 63). Color the key accordingly.
2. What is the name and location of the only natural lake in Texas? (p. 61, 68)
Caddo. Far northeast corner of Texas on the Louisiana border.
3. List the 5 subregions of the Coastal Plains natural region. In which subregion do we
live? (pp. 89 -95)
Gulf Coast Plain, Piney Woods, Post Oak Belt, Blackland Prairie, South Texas Plain
Pearland is in the Gulf Coast Plain
4. Name the deepest canyon in Texas. (p. 68, 81)
Palo Duro Canyon
5. Describe the differences in farming techniques for settlers in east Texas and the
Panhandle. (p 492 )
The land receives little rainfall. Early farmers thought it could not be farmed, but water is
now drawn from the Ogallala Aquifer. The area’s grasslands attracted ranchers.
6. What natural region would you find the Ogallala and Edwards Aquifer? (p. 80)
Great Plains
7. Use the glossary to define the following words:
a. Irrigation – supplying water to land by artificial means
b. Reservoirs – artificial lakes that store water and are often used as a source of
drinking water for town.
c. Aquifer – natural formations of underground gravel, rock, or sand that trap and
hold rainwater.
d. Culture – a learned system of shared beliefs, traits, and value
8. Complete the following chart (p. 108-115). Mark an X in the space to show if they were
farmers or hunters/gathers. Write the cultural area for each tribe (i.e. Western Gulf,
Plains, etc.).
Tribe
Karankawa
Coahuiltecan
Caddo
Wichita
Atakapa
Jumano
Jordana
Tonkawa
Apache
Comanche
Kiowa
Farmers
Hunter/Gatherers
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Cultural Region
Gulf
Gulf
Southeastern
Southeastern
Southeastern
Puebloan
Puebloan
Plains
Plains
Plains
Plains
9. Define Nomad. List the nomadic tribes.
Nomad—Person who moves from place to place.
(see chart on previous page for the hunter-gatherers.)
10. Why were the Coahuiltecan hunter-gatherers? (p. 109-110)
They lived in south Texas where the climate was too dry to support farming.
11. Why were the Caddo able to develop an advanced society? (p. 109)
They were successful farmers and had a plentiful food supply.
12. How are the people that live in the Mountain and Basin region able to farm?? (p. 76)
They placed their fields near the river and when the Rio Grande overflowed, the fields
filled with water.
13. What kind of house did the Puebloan Culture build? Considering the environment they
lived in, how did this type of house help them? (p. 111)
Flat roofed adobe and wood houses which kept them cool in the summer.
14. List the similarities of the Plains Tribes. (p. 113 -- 115)
Rode horses, nomadic, relied on the buffalo, and used teepees
15. What was the importance of Pineda’s exploration of the Gulf Coast? (p. 124)
It increased Spain’s interest in the region
16. What is The Journey of Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca ?(p. 126)
The story of Cabeza de Vaca’s travels published in Spain in 1542
17. What was the effect of Spanish Exploration on American Indians? (p. 105)
Explorers spread diseases and involved them in conflicts that killed them by the
hundreds of thousands.
18. What were the goals of the Spanish Missions in Texas? (p.142--143)
1) Protect the borderlands by establishing settlements.
2) Convert the natives and teach them the Spanish way of life.
3) Act as the Spanish government in the area.
19. What effect did the French arrival in Texas have on the Spanish? (p. 135)
It re-kindled Spain’s interest.
20. What was the affect in Texas of the war in Europe between Spain and France in 1719?
(pp 150-151)
French soldiers attacked a Spanish mission causing the Chicken War and Spain’s
decision to leave East Texas.
21. List the various ways that the Spanish influenced life in Texas.(31-35)
Introduction of horses and cattle and the cowboy way of life; law; art; architecture; food;
language; music; roads; place names (rivers, roads, and towns)
22. What was the result of the Louisiana Purchase on Texas? (p. 167-169)
A border dispute between the U.S. and Spain; U.S. said the Rio Grande is the border
and Spain said it is the Arroyo Hondo. The local army officers from both sides created
the Neutral Ground where neither army would go. It led to lawlessness and finally the
Adams-Onis Treaty, which set the boundary between U.S. and Spanish territory.
23. Use pages 1172--175 to explain the following:
a. Gutierrez – Magee Expedition – led by Jose Bernardo Gutierrez de Lara and
former U.S. officer Augustus William Magee to invade Texas.
b. Republican Army of the North – the Gutierrez and Magee expedition led this
army that invaded and took control of Nacogdoches and La Bahia. They
declared Texas independent, but the effort fell apart due to disagreements on
how to handle prisoners and run the government.
c. Long Expedition – Dr. James Long, angry about the Adami-Onis Treaty,
organized an army and captured Nacogdoches. He declared Texas
independent, but was pushed out of Texas. He was captured during his second
attempt and was killed awaiting trial in Mexico City.
24. What importance does 1821 have in Texas History? (p. 178--179)
Mexico gains its independence from Spain.
25. Identify the following people:
a. Moses Austin (p. 188-190) – first person to get permission to bring Anglo settlers
into Texas.
b. Baron de Bastrop (p. 189-190) – citizen of San Antonio who helped Moses Austin
get his colonization contract.
c. Erasmo Seguin (p. 190) – rancher and mayor of San Antonio who helped
Stephen F. Austin approach the government officials in order to continue his
father’s colonization plan.
d. Green DeWitt (p. 200-201) – empresario who started the town of Gonzales.
26. What influenced Austin to choose that site for his colony? (191)
The fine water, plenty of timber and beautifully rolling land.
27. What were settlers in Texas required to become in Stephen F. Austin’s Colony? (p. 192)
Mexican citizens and Catholics
28. What would a pioneer use to construct a home in Stephen F. Austin’s Colony? (p.198)
Logs and clay
29. Describe The Old Three Hundred. (p.203--206)
Mostly farmers from the southern U.S. who were fairly well educated and law abiding.
Some were slave owners.
30. Define Empresario. List 3 empresarios excluding Stephen F. Austin. (p. 199--202)
Business people who promoted migration to the Texas colonies.
Students could list any 3 (Martin de Leon, Arthur G. Wavel, Benjamin Milam, James
Power and James Hewetson, Haden Edwards, John McMullen and James McGloin,
David G. Burnet, Lorenzo de Zavala)
31. Explain the Mexican Colonization Laws of 1824 and 1825. (p. 196—197)
National Law of 1824 – allowed states to set up their own policy for colonization. New immigrants
could not establish colonies near the nation’s border or along the coast; formed the state of
Coahuila y Texas with Saltillo as the capital.
State Law of 1825 – opened Texas to further settlement and immigration.
32. Why did Anglo Americans settle in Texas under Mexican rule? (p. 206)
Pull factors – easy availability of cheap land; easy payments
Push factors – escaping debt or the law; making a fresh start
33. What did settlers look for in land when they came to Texas? (191, 204)
Rivers and streams that provided water for drinking, farming and transportation; fertile soil and
mild climate of the Gulf Coast Plain and the Piney Woods; land that resembled their old
homeland; no Native Americans nearby
34. Describe education in early Texas. (p. 209)
Limited to teaching in the home or small private schools; wealthier settlers sent their children to
boarding schools in the U.S.; few settlements had the funds to establish schools; capable
teachers were in short supply; teachers taught arithmetic, morals, reading, religion, and writing
35. Who was Manuel de Mier y Teran? What was his warning about East Texas? (p. 219-220)
A general sent by the Mexican officials after the Fredonian Revolt in 1828 to tour Texas and
investigate conditions there. His warning was that “Texas could throw the whole nation into
revolution.”
36. Why did the colonists not like the Law of April 6, 1830? (p. 220--221)
It banned U.S. immigration; made it illegal to import any more slaves; suspended unfilled
empresario contracts, and Mexico began to tax U.S. imports (custom duties).
37. Describe the Turtle Bayou Resolutions. ( p. 224--225)
After the conflict at Anahuac, settlers withdrew to Turtle Bayou and drew up several statements of
the group’s opinions which declared that the colonists were not in rebellion against Mexico; that
they were only defending their rights under the Constitution of 1824; that they supported General
Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna who was trying to overthrow President Anastacio Bustamante.
38. What are primary and secondary sources? (p. 9--10)
Primary – first hand historical information (e.g. diary, letter, editorial)
Secondary – description of a historical event after it occurred by someone who wasn’t there.