NAME ___________________________________________ DATE _____________ PERIOD _______ TEST DATE _____________________________
2011-2012
CORE CONCEPTS & CONNECTIONS - 8th GRADE PHYSICAL SCIENCE
9.1
Describe the effect of force on pressure in fluids (9 EQT Questions)
 Describing how increasing the force on a fluid leads to an increase of pressure within a hydraulic cylinder
 Applying Pascal’s, Archimedes’, and Bernoulli’s principles to real world applications Gizmo – Archimedes Principle
 CALCULATE density given the correct formula D = m/v
Connection to the PAST
According to Pascal the pressure
exerted on an enclosed fluid is
transmitted equally throughout the fluid
in all directions.
Connection to NOW
On the basis of Pascal’s law, various
hydraulic devices are used to multiply a
force. The brakes in your car are a good
example of a basic piston-driven
hydraulic system. When you depress the
brake pedal in a car, it is pushing on the
piston on a cylinder filled with hydraulic
fluid.
Implications on FUTURE
Oxygen-bearing liquid pumped into
the inadequately developed lungs of
premature babies is being used as a
way to deliver oxygen but also to help
the lung tissue expand and develop.
Core concept
Pascal’s principle states that a change in pressure at any point in an enclosed fluid is transmitted
equally to all parts of the fluid. Fluids flow from regions of high pressure to regions of low pressure.
A pascal (Pa) is the SI unit of pressure. Pascal’s principle explains why you can blow round bubbles
and why the pressure increases the deeper you go into the ocean or decreases the higher you go into
the atmosphere.
Core concept
Archimedes’ principle states that the buoyant force on an object in a fluid is an upward force equal to
the weight of the volume of fluid that the object displaces. Density is the amount of matter in a given
space. (D=m/v) Gizmo – Density via Comparison Gizmo – Density Lab Gizmo – Density
Experiment Slice & Dice Gizmo – Density Gizmo – Density via Water Displacement
Core Concept
Bernoulli’s principle states that as the speed of a moving fluid increases, its pressure decreases.
Bernoulli’s principle explains why airplanes and Frisbees fly.
Vocabulary
pressure, force,
Pascal’s principle,
atmospheric pressure,
pascal
Vocabulary
Archimedes’ principle,
buoyant force,
density
Vocabulary
Bernoulli’s principle, lift,
thrust, drag