West Orange-Cove C.I.S.D.
Grade 7 – Texas History
Second Grading Period
Guiding Principles/Overall Understanding
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Guiding Questions
American Indians adapted to and modified
their physical environment to meet their wants
and needs.
Individuals and groups explored, settled, and
colonized Texas for different economic,
social, and political reasons.
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Knowledge & Skills with Student
Expectations
7.2 History. The student understands how
individuals, events, and issues through the
Mexican National Era shaped the history of
Texas. The student is expected to:
7.2(a) Compare the cultures of American
Indians in Texas prior to European
colonization such as Gulf, Plains, Puebloan,
and Southeastern.
How have Texans adapted to and modified their environment?
What are positive and negative consequences of the modifications?
How are the cultures of American Indians prior to European colonization the
same and different?
What and who were important events, issues, and individuals related to
European colonization of Texas?
What are examples of Spanish influence on Texas?
Where are the major eras of Texas History?
Specificity & Examples
Tribes By
Region
Housing
Food or
Occupation
Suggested Resources
Warlike or
Peaceful
Southeastern
Caddo
Atakapan
Wichita
Grass or hide
covered
structures
Caddoes were
great artisans.
Both Caddo and
Wichitas were
farmers.
Atakapans were
hunter/
Gatherers
Peaceful
Plains Tribes
Apaches
Comanche
Kiowa
Tonkawa
Tipis
Hunters – relied
heavily on the
buffalo traders.
Warlike
Puebloan
Concho
Jumano
Tiguas
Adobe Pueblos
Hunters and
Traders
Peaceful
Coastal (Gulf)
Plains
Coahuiltican
Karankawa
Grass or hide
covered
structures
Plant gatherers
and fishermen
Coahuiltican
were peaceful,
Karankawa were
warlike
Nomatic -used
horses
Text: Texas & Texans Ch: 3
West Orange-Cove C.I.S.D.
Grade 7 – Texas History
Second Grading Period
Knowledge & Skills with Student
Expectations
7.8 Geography. The student uses
geographic tools to collect, analyze, and
interpret data. The student is expected to:
7.8(a) Create and interpret thematic maps,
graphs, charts, models, and databases
representing various aspects of Texas during
the 19th, 20th, and 21st centuries.
7.8 Geography. The student uses
geographic tools to collect, analyze, and
interpret data. The student is expected to:
Specificity & Examples
How can you represent the Native Texans oin a map, chart
and graph?
 Map skills, population distribution, Texas relief map,
regions
 Use of technology tools
 Find and collect data, create maps, graphs, and
charts
 Themes: political, physical, population, land use,
rainfall, vegetation, topography, cultural regions
What was the geographic distribution of the major tribes of
Texas?
7.8(b) Analyze and interpret geographic
distributions and patterns in Texas during
the 19th, 20th, and 21st centuries.
How are places and regions of Texas similar and different in
7.9 Geography. The student understands
the location and characteristics of places and terms of their physical and human characteristics?
regions of Texas. The student is expected to:
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7.9(b) Compare places and regions of
Texas in terms of physical and human
characteristics.
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Text: Texas & Texans Ch: 2
Physical Characteristics: Climate, vegetation/wildlife,
water sources
Human Characteristics: how Natives adapted to their
environment (such as ; the horse culture of the plains,
the tree culture of the Caddo and the desert culture of
the SW Tribes)
7.9 Geography. The student understands
How did physical and human geographic factors, such as
the location and characteristics of places and climate, weather, landforms, irrigation, transportation and
regions of Texas. The student is expected to: communication, affect major events in Texas?
7.9(c) Analyze the effects of physical and
human factors such as climate, weather,
landforms, irrigation, transportation, and
communication on major events in Texas.
Suggested Resources
Pueblo tribes use of water
Plains Tribe s use of the Buffalo
Coastal tribes use of coastal resources
Text: Texas & Texans Ch: 1
West Orange-Cove C.I.S.D.
Grade 7 – Texas History
Second Grading Period
Knowledge & Skills with Student
Expectations
7.10 Geography. The student understands
the effects of the interaction between
humans and the environment in Texas
during the 19th, 20th, and 21st
centuries. The student is expected to:
7.10(b) Explain ways in which geographic
factors such as the Galveston Hurricane of
1900, the Dust Bowl, limited water
resources, and alternative energy sources
have affected the political, economic, and
social development of Texas.
7.1 History. The student understands
traditional historical points of reference in
Texas history. The student is expected to:
7.1(a) Identify the major eras in Texas
history, describe their defining
characteristics, and explain why historians
divide the past into eras, including Natural
Texas and its People; Age of Contact;
Spanish Colonial; Mexican National;
Revolution and Republic; Early Statehood;
Texas in the Civil War and Reconstruction;
Cotton, Cattle, and Railroads; Age of Oil;
Texas in the Great Depression and World
War II; Civil Rights and Conservatism; and
Contemporary Texas.
Specificity & Examples
How did geographic factors influence the tribes of Texas?
What are the major eras of Texas history? What
characteristics define that era?
Major Eras:
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Prehistory to 1528 - includes natural geologic history
as well as what is known about American Indians from
the archeological record.
Age of Contact (1528-1690) – European contact prior
to establishing permanent settlements.
Spanish Texas (1690-1821) - Efforts of Spain to bring
Texas under Spanish control
Mexican Texas (1821-1836) - Efforts of Mexico to
populate and retain Texas
Texas Revolution & Republic (1836-1845) – Texas’
revolt against Mexico and establish of independent
republic.
Early Statehood (1845-1861) – Texas annexation to
the US till the secession in 1861.
Civil War and Reconstruction (1861-1874) – Civil War
Late 19th Century (1865-1900) – Cotton, cattle and
railroads
Suggested Resources
West Orange-Cove C.I.S.D.
Grade 7 – Texas History
Second Grading Period

7.2 History. The student understands how
individuals, events, and issues through the
Mexican National Era shaped the history of
Texas. The student is expected to:
7.2(b) Identify important individuals, events,
and issues related to European exploration
of Texas such as Alonso Álvarez de Pineda,
Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca and his
writings, the search for gold, and the
conflicting territorial claims between France
and Spain.
Progressive Era (1894-1935) – Influence of oil on
Texas’ economy and politics, WWI
 Great Depression & World War II (1929-1945) Effects of the Great Depression on Texas beginning in
1929 through to the role Texas and Texans played in
WWII.
 Civil Rights & Conservation (1945-1980) - Movements
for social change and equality that began after WWII
 Modern Texas (1980-Present) - Events and issues
facing Texans from 1980 to present.
What and who were important individuals, events, and issues
that shaped Texas?
Individuals, Events and Issues
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Columbus – voyage launched the European
exploration and colonization of America
Cortez – conquered Aztecs/Mexico for Spain
Cabeza De Vaca – explore Texas as Indian captive
and shaman and reported about Texas in his writings
La Relacion
Coronado – explored the Southwest for Spain looking
for riches; reported that the area north of Mexico had
little value for Spain, named settlement Amarillo
LaSalle – built Fort St. Louis at Matagorda Bay for the
French; threatened Spain’s domination of the area
which led to mission system in Texas
Alvarez de Pineda – explored and mapped the Texas
coast for Spain
Issues
 The 3 G’s – “God, Gold, and Glory”
 Spanish competition with France
Positive and negative impact of the Columbian Exchange
(Transfer of disease, goods, etc. between Europe and the
Americans)
Text: Texas & Texans Ch: 4
West Orange-Cove C.I.S.D.
Grade 7 – Texas History
Second Grading Period
Knowledge & Skills with Student
Expectations
7.2 History. The student understands how
individuals, events, and issues through the
Mexican National Era shaped the history of
Texas. The student is expected to:
7.2(c) Identify important events and issues
related to European colonization of Texas,
including the establishment of Catholic
missions, towns, and ranches,
and individuals such as Fray Damián
Massanet, José de Escandón, Antonio
Margil de Jesús, and Francisco Hidalgo.
Specificity & Examples
What and who were important events, issues, and individuals
related to European colonization of Texas?
Individuals, Events and Issues
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Francisco Hidalgo – tireless advocate for missions
and Indians; attempted to reestablish missions in East
Texas
St. Denis
Events
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1682 - First Texas mission established in West Texas
– Mission Corpus Christi de la Ysleta (El Paso)
1690 - Spanish establish the first mission in East
Texas - Mission San Francisco de los Tejas
1718 - Spanish establish Mission San Antonio de
Valero (Alamo)
The “Chicken War”
Marques de Rubi report on Texas missions
Issues
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Positive and negative impact of Exchange (transfer of
disease, goods, etc. between Europe and the
Americans)
Convert the natives – protect the missions from Native
American attacks, Native Americans unwilling to
convert, mistreatment of Indians, soldiers/discipline,
lack of settlers, lack of supplies, isolation, disease,
etc.
Success/failure/legacy of missions (established
farming/ranching, spread Spanish culture and language,
difficulty converting Indians, failure to adequate populate
Texas.
Suggested Resources
Text: Texas & Texans Ch: 5&6
West Orange-Cove C.I.S.D.
Grade 7 – Texas History
Second Grading Period
Knowledge & Skills with Student
Expectations
Specificity & Examples
How did physical and human geographic factors affect the
7.9 Geography. The student understands
the location and characteristics of places and Spanish colonization of Texas?
regions of Texas. The student is expected to:
7.9C Analyze the effects of physical and
human factors such as climate, weather,
landforms, irrigation, transportation, and
communication on major events in Texas.
7.19 Culture. The student understands the
concept of diversity within unity in Texas.
The student is expected to:
7.19(c) Identify examples of Spanish
influence and the influence of other cultures
on Texas such as place names, vocabulary,
religion, architecture, food, and the arts.
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Text: Texas & Texans Ch: 2&4
Effect of climate
Access to water
Threat of Comanche
What are examples of Spanish influence on place names,
vocabulary, celebrations, etc.?
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Suggested Resources
Names of places
Festivals
Celebrations
Vocabulary
Bulletin Board
Text: Texas & Texans Ch: 5&6