Review for Earth and Space and Energy Types Test
Lithosphere questions
1. In general, permafrost is ground that…
A) Is always frozen
B) Rarely freezes
2.
A)
B)
C)
D)
C) Only freezes during winter
D) Is located mainly in high altitude
Which of the following is not a consequence of the warming of the permafrost?
Landslides
Unstable infrastructure (buildings and roads)
A decrease in the amount of vegetation
The release of greenhouse gases
Hydrosphere Questions
3. Which of the following statements describes the impact of thermohaline circulation on
climate?
A) It regulates the world’s climate
B) It decreases the world’s average temperature
C) It increases the world’s average temperature
D) It has no notable impact on the world’s climate.
4. The take below lists three human activities that can have an impact on the quality of the
water in a drainage basin.
Human activities
1
Fertilizing farmland
2
Using jet skis and motor boats
3
Planting vegetation along the bank of a river or stream
Choose 2 of the 3 human activities and explain their positive or negative impact on the rivers
and streams of a drainage basin.
5.
A)
B)
C)
D)
What is the role of thermohaline circulation?
It keeps the pH of oceans uniform.
It captures atmospheric CO2
It transports heat from the equator toward the poles.
It controls the tidal cycle
6. Using the following diagram, complete the table below by writing YES or NO to indicate
whether points Y and Z would be affected by a spill at point X and whether points X and
Z would be affected by a spill at point Y.
Explain your reasoning.
7. Does the density of the ocean water increase or decrease as glaciers and pack ice melt?
Explain your answer
8. Four consequences of global warming are listed below.
Consequences
1
The permafrost has thawed.
2
The number of extreme weather events has increased
3
Sea levels have risen
4
Snow geese have begun making their nests farther north
Which of these consequences helps increase the greenhouse effect?
A) Consequence 1 B) Consequence 2 C) Consequence 3
D) Consequence 4
9. An inspector for a town of has noticed that the wastewater for the A2A carwash has
been flowing into a nearby stream. The inspector informed the A2A carwash owners
that they would be fined since they were polluting the town’s water source.
Use the map of the town’s watershed below to explain whether the inspector was correct in
fining the carwash. Explain your answer.
A2A Car Wash
Water Filtration Plant
Atmosphere Questions
10. An air mass that originated in the Caribbean now lies over Québec, while a fast-moving
air mass from the far north is heading down toward the southern part of the province.
Given that the air mass from the far north is moving faster than the air mass that came
up from the Caribbean: Explain what happens when these two air masses meet.
11. A mineral exploration company was planning a trip to the Far North to check whether
the rocks in the area contain fossil fuels. However, the organizer first wanted to be sure
that the weather would be conducive to his undertaking the expedition. The
meteorological conditions in the Far North region for the two days prior to the intended
departure are recorded in the table below.
Date
September 10
September 11
Hour
07: 00
07: 00
Temperature
7°C
1°C
Pressure
102.1 kPa
103.6 kPa
Relative humidity
55%
37%
Rainfall in the previous 12
8 mm
1 mm
hours
Wind velocity
22 km/h
8 km/h
Wind direction
West
South-west
Nebulosity
Cumulonimbus clouds
Clear sky
Based on the information above, what was the likely weather forecast for September 12?
12. Fill in the blank
a) The Earth receives ____________
energy which is distributed by
atmospheric circulation.
60N
30N
b)What type of wind is illustrated on
Figure 1 by the thick black arrows?
EQUATOR
c)Name two types of prevailing
winds.
30S
N
E
W
S
Figure 1: Circulation Cells and Prevailing Winds
13. To plan his flight between two cities last April 1st, an airplane pilot checked the weather
forecast. The following table shows the temperature and relative humidity forecasts for
these two cities on that day.
City
Temperature
Relative humidity
Rouyn - Noranda
-12ºC
35%
New York1
17ºC
78%
Taking into account the given information, identify the type of air mass that affected each city
and explain why.
14. True or false?
a) Cold air rises and warm air sinks
b) The rotation of the Earth causes winds to blow in a straight line
c) Pilots use the jet stream to speed up flight times
d) Cold front caused dispersed clouds and light showers
e) An anticyclone is associated with high pressure
__________
__________
__________
__________
__________
15. Louise is listening to the weather forecast with her friend Lucy.
TV host: “A warm front is heading toward our region and will remain over the area for the
whole week . . .”
Lucy, all excited, interrupts the forecast to say to Louise: “Great! Nice weather at last! Do you
want to go camping this week?”
Louise: “Wait. Let’s listen to the rest of the forecast first.”
Lucy does not understand why Louise does not share her enthusiasm about the weather
forecast. Is Lucy right to think that the weather will be nice in the coming days? Explain your
answer.
16. Louise and Lucy try once again to organize a camping trip. Louise has bought a
barometer to predict the weather, but she doesn’t know how to read it. She has been
watching the barometer since early this morning: the needle is slowly rising, and its
current reading is 101.3 kPa.
Considering the barometer reading, would you recommend the camping trip? Explain your
answer.
17. A highly trained cyclist leaves Montréal for Québec. At the same time, another cyclist, of
equal ability, makes the trip in the opposite direction. If a high-pressure system is
hanging over Montréal, and a low-pressure system, over Québec, which cyclist will be
the first to arrive at destination? Explain your answer.
18. Do winds generally blow in a straight line from a high-pressure area to a low-pressure
area? Explain your answer.
19. Out of concern for the environment, Sophie has chosen to leave her car at home two
days a week and walk to the office instead of driving. Before leaving home, she listens to
the radio. According to the weather report, a high-pressure area has appeared over the
city where she lives.
a)
What is the name of the weather system affecting the city?
b)
Explain if Sophie should take an umbrella to work?
Energy Types
20. The following graph shows different sources of electricity in three major regions in
Canada.
Graph 1 -Proportion of Electricity Produced From Different Sources in Three Major
Regions in
Canada.
Given the information in this graph and your knowledge of energy resources, which
conclusion is TRUE?
A) Electricity production has little impact on the environment in these three regions, since
they all mainly use hydro power
B) Air pollution caused by electricity production is greater in Ontario than in Quebec, since
Ontario has more thermal power plants.
C) Greenhouse gas emissions related to electricity production are greater in Ontario than
in the Atlantic Provinces, since Ontario has more nuclear power plants.
D) Electricity production has a major impact on the environment in the three regions, since
they use no renewable energy.
21. Given the following 2 lists, match each energy resource with the corresponding
technology used to produce energy.
ENERGY RESOURCE
TECHNOLOGY
1) Fossil fuel
a) Tidal power plant
2) Ocean current
b) Nuclear power plant
3) Radioactive substances
c) Thermal power plant
4) Wind
d) Turbine
A) 1b, 2a, 3c, 4d
B) 1b, 2d, 3c, 4a
C) 1c, 2a, 3b, 4d
D) 1c, 2d, 3b, 4a
22. Tides are the rise and fall of water levels. Which of the following statements is true?
A) The height of the tides (tidal range) is always constant.
B) There is only one tide per day.
C) High tide occurs when the waters are on the side of the Earth facing the Moon.
D) The tides are caused only by the position of the sun.
23. Different types of electric power plants are listed in the table below.
Types of Power
Plants
Wind
Geothermal
Hydroelectric
Tidal
Which statement is true about all these types of power plants?
A) They produce few air pollutants.
B) They can be set up anywhere in Canada.
C) They all use water as the primary source of energy.
D) They use non-renewable resources.
24. In Ungava Bay in northern Québec, the tidal range can reach more than 17 m. The
diagram below shows the Earth along with a dotted circle representing the moon’s orbit
around the planet.


Draw the symbol  on the dotted circle to indicate the two (2) points in its orbit where
the moon causes high tides in Ungava Bay. The position of this bay is denoted by the
symbol: .
Write the letter L on the Earth to indicate the two (2) points where the tides are low at the
same time as the tide is high in Ungava Bay ().