Last data updates: 15 April 2015 Monge-Nájera, J. and Ho, Y.S.* (2012), Costa Rica publications in the Science Citation Index Expanded: A bibliometric analysis for 1981-2010. Revista de Biología Tropical, 60 (4), 1649-1661. Document type: Article Language: English Cited references: 27 Times cited: 5 Times self cited: 2 Abstract: Despite of its small size, the Central American country of Costa Rica is internationally recognized as one of the world leaders in conservation and as the Central American leader in science. There have been no recent studies on the country’s scientific production. The objective of this study was to analyze the Costa Rican scientific output as represented in the Science Citation Index Expanded. All documents with “Costa Rica” in the address field from 1981 to 2010 were included (total 6 801 publications). Articles (79%) were more frequent than other types of publication and were mostly in English (83%). Revista de Biologia Tropical published the most articles (17%), followed by Toxicon and Turrialba (2.5%). The New England Journal of Medicine had the highest impact factor (53.484) with nine articles. Of 5 343 articles with known institutional address, 63% were internationally collaborative articles (most with the USA) with h index 91 and citation per publication 18. A total of 81% of all articles were inter-institutionally collaborative articles, led by the Universidad de Costa Rica. This reflects research and education agreements among these countries. Universidad de Costa Rica ranked top one in inter-institutionally collaborative articles, the rank of the total inter-institutionally collaborative articles, and the rank of first author articles and corresponding author articles. Studied subjects and journals in our sample are in agreement with dominant science fields and journals in Costa Rica. Articles with the highest citation were published in New England Journal of Medicine. The largest citation of medical articles reflects the general interest and wider readership of this subject. All corresponding and first authors of the high impact articles were not from Costa Rica. In conclusion, the scientific output of Costa Rican authors is strong in the areas related to conservation but the impact is higher for biomedical articles, and Costa Rican authors need to improve their position within research teams. Rev. Biol. Trop. 60 (4): 1649-1661. Epub 2012 December 01. Author Keywords: SCI-Expanded; Web of Science; Research Trend; Bibliometry; Citation; Impact Factor KeyWords Plus: Snake-Venoms; Polyvalent Antivenom; Amphibian Declines; Rain-Forest; Cancer; Neutralization; Anniversary; History; Trends; Output Reprint Address: Ho, YS (reprint author), Asia Univ, Trend Res Ctr, Taichung 41354, Taiwan. Addresses: [ 1 ] Univ Costa Rica, San Jose 2060, Costa Rica [ 2 ] Asia Univ, Trend Res Ctr, Taichung 41354, Taiwan E-mail Address: julianmonge@gmail.com; ysho@asia.edu.tw 1. Gao, W., Chen, Y., Liu, Y. and Guo, H.C. (2015), Scientometric analysis of phosphorus research in eutrophic lakes. Scientometrics, 102 (3), 1951-1964. 2. 3. 4. 5. Urquia-Osorio, H., Henríquez-Marquez, K.I., Vásquez-Bonilla, W.O., Estrada-Mendoza, A.J. and Rodríguez-Morales, A.J. (2014), Scientific production of deans of medicine and health of Central American Universities. Salud Pública de México, 56 (3), 243-244. Monge-Nájera, J. (2014), The invalidity of the Impact Factor as indicator of the impact of Latin American scientific journals. Revista de Biología Tropical, 62 (1), 9-13. Monge-Nájera, J., Nielsen-Muñoz, V. and Azofeifa-Mora, A.B. (2013), Subject and authorship of records related to the Organization for Tropical Studies (OTS) in BINABITROP, a comprehensive database about Costa Rican biology. Revista de Biologia Tropical, 61 (2), 493-500. Sanchez, A.L., Canales, M., Enriquez, L., Bottazzi, M.E., Zelaya, A.A., Espinoza, V.E. and Fontecha, G.A. (2013), A research capacity strengthening project for infectious diseases in Honduras: Experience and lessons learned. Global Health Action, 6, 1-11.