Animal Systems-AG3 and AG4
Essential Questions:
1. How are anatomical and physiological characteristics used to classify, evaluate, select and manage animals?
2. Why do we evaluate and select animals based on scientific principles of animal production?
3. How do health care and animal nutrition to ensure the proper growth, development, reproduction and economic
production of animals?
4. How do animal handling procedures and facilities ensure the safety of animals, producers and consumers of animal
products?
Essential Vocabulary: alimentary canal, ammonia, anatomy, anemia, animal husbandry, animal well-being, antibiotics, biosecurity,
bladder, blood, bones, breeding readiness, calorie, cardiac muscle tissue, cartilage, castration, cervix, circulatory system, clitoris,
cloaca, concentrates, connective tissue, copulation, Cowper’s gland, crossbreeding, crude protein, dehydration, diet, digestive
system, dry matter, epididymis, euthanasia, excretion, fallopian tubes, fecal examination, feed analysis, feeding standards, feedstuff,
feedstuffs, fertilization, fever, flight zone, follicles, funnel, gametes, gestation, grade animal, grazing, heart rate, heterosis, hormones,
hybrid vigor, hypothermia, inbreeding, incubation, infectious disease, infundibulum, isthmus, labia majora, labia minora, lactation,
legumes, ligaments, lighting, line breeding, magnum, manure, muscle tissue, muscular system, nervous system, nervous tissue,
neutering, non-ambulatory, nutrient management, oogenesis, organ system, organs, outcrossing, ova, ovary, oviducts, palatability,
papilla, parturition, penis, physiology, prostate gland, puberty, purebred, quality assurance, range condition, range site, ration,
reflections, rendering, reproductive health management, reproductive system, respirations, respiratory system, roughages,
ruminants, scrotum, semen, seminal vesicles, sheath, skeletal muscle tissue, skeletal system, solitary behavior, spawning, spaying,
sperm, spermatogenesis, spermatozoa, stethoscope, stocking rate, stress, tendons, testicles, testosterone, the zone of influence,
urethra, urinary system, urine, uterine horns, uterus, vagina, vas deferens, venereal disease, ventilation, vital signs, vulva, zygote
Essential Understanding
The student will demonstrate competence in the application of scientific principles and practices to the production and
management of animals.
AS.01. The student will examine the components, historical development, global implications and future trends of the animal
systems industry.
Students will know….
Students will understand
Students will be able to…
Prior Background Knowledge
that…
Required:
 how to evaluate the
 identify the origin,
 there is a history of
development and
significance,
 computer experience
animal domestication.
implications of animal
distribution and
 basic Math and ELA
origin,
domestication
domestication of animal
 there are important
skills
and distribution.
species. (Selection &
segments of the animal
 basic speaking and
Drafted July 1, 2015

listening skills
basic collaboration tools
Vocabulary:
 animal domestication
 animal environment
 animal health
 animal industry
 animal marketing
 animal nutrition
 animal processing
 animal production
 animal reproduction
 animal selection
 animal services
 animal supplies
 animal well-being
 castration
 companion animal
 feral animal
 livestock
 neutering
 poultry
 ration
 service animals
 spaying
 wildlife

industry that drive
future trends.
it is necessary to provide
appropriate care for the
well-being of the animal.
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Breeding)
evaluate and describe
characteristics of
animals that developed
in response to the
animals’ environment
and led to their
domestication.
(Selection & Breeding)
(Anatomy)
predict adaptations of
animals to production
practices and
environments.
(Production
Environmental Factors)
define major
components of the
animal industry.
(Facilities and
Equipment)
predict trends and
implications of future
development of the
animal systems
industry. (Selection and
Breeding)
prepare and deliver a
Multi-part future trend
project and
presentation for animal
industry.
AS.02.The student will classify, evaluate, select and manage animals based on anatomical and physiological characteristics.
Students will know….
Students will understand
Students will be able to…
Prior Background Knowledge
that…
Required:
 how to classify animals
 explain the importance
 anatomy and physiology
according to
of the binomial system
 computer experience
can
be
used
to
determine
hierarchical
taxonomy
of nomenclature.
 basic Math and ELA
meaning of animal
and agricultural use.
(Selection &
skills
production.
Evaluation)

how
to
apply
principles
 basic speaking and
 the animal body is
of comparative
 identify major animal
listening skills
organized
in
terms
of
anatomy
and
species by common and
 basic collaboration tools
cells, tissues, organs,
physiology to uses
scientific names.
organ systems.
within various animal
(Selection &
systems.
Evaluation)
 there are four basic
tissue types (epithelial,
 how to select animals
 identify basic
connective, muscle, and
for specific purposes
characteristics of animal
organ).
and maximum
cells, tissues, organs
performance based on
and body systems.
 there are major organ
anatomy and
(Anatomy) (Selection &
systems found in
physiology.
Evaluation)
vertebrate animals.
 compare and contrast
Vocabulary:
animal cells, tissues,
 anatomy
organs and body
systems. (Anatomy)
 animal well-being
(Selection &
 blood
Evaluation)
 bones

explain the relationship
 cardiac muscle tissue
of animal tissues to
 cartilage
growth, performance
 circulatory system
and health. (Anatomy)
 connective tissue
(Production
 digestive system
Environmental Factors)
 excretion
 explain the importance
 hormones
and uses made of
 ligaments
animal tissues in the
 muscle tissue
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muscular system
nervous system
nervous tissue
organ system
organs
physiology
reproductive system
respiratory system
skeletal muscle tissue
skeletal system
tendons
urinary system
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agriculture industry. .
(Anatomy) (Selection &
Evaluation)
describe the properties,
locations, functions and
types of animal organs.
(Anatomy)
compare and contrast
organ types and
functions among
animal species.
(Anatomy)
relate the importance of
animal organs to the
health, growth and
reproduction of
animals. (Anatomy)
(Production
Environmental Factors)
describe the functions
of the animal body
systems and system
components.
(Anatomy)
compare and contrast
body systems and
system adaptations
between animal species.
(Anatomy) (Production
Environmental Factors)
identify ways an
animal’s health can be
affected by anatomical
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and physiological
disorders. (Health Care)
(Nutrition)
compare and contrast
desirable anatomical
and physiological
characteristics of
animals within and
between species.
(Anatomy) (Selection &
Evaluation)
create a program to
develop an animal to its
highest potential
performance. (Selection
& Breeding)
develop efficient
procedures to produce
consistently highquality animals, well
suited for their
intended purposes.
(Selection &
Evaluation) (BQA)
prepare and deliver a
Multi-part animal
management project
and presentation.
AS.03. The student will provide for the proper health care of animals.
Students will know….
Students will understand
Prior Background Knowledge
that…
Required:
 how to prescribe and
 animal health can be
implement a prevention
 computer experience
described through
and
treatment
program
 basic Math and ELA
visual and tangible
for animal diseases,
skills
observations.
parasites
and
other
 basic speaking and
disorders.
 vital signs can be
listening skills
utilized when detecting

how
to
provide
for
the
 basic collaboration tools
sickness.
biosecurity of
agricultural animals
 there are common
and production
emergency medical
facilities.
situations and possible
solutions.
Vocabulary:
 anemia
 animal husbandry
 dehydration
 fecal examination
 fever
 heart rate
 hypothermia
 respirations
 solitary behavior
 stethoscope
 stress
 vital signs
Drafted July 1, 2015
Students will be able to…
 perform simple healthcheck evaluations on
animals. (Handling)
(Health Care)
 perform diagnostic tests
to detect health
problems in animals.
(Health Care)
 identify common
diseases, parasites and
physiological disorders
that affect animals.
(Health Care)
(Production
Environmental Factors)
 explain characteristics
of causative agents and
vectors of diseases and
disorders in animals.
(Health Care)
(Production
Environmental Factors)
 evaluate preventive
measures for
controlling and limiting
the spread of diseases,
parasites and disorders
among animals.
(Handling) (Production
Environmental Factors)
 explain the clinical
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significance of common
considerations in
veterinary treatments,
such as aseptic
techniques. (Health
Care)
identify and describe
zoonotic diseases.
Handling) (Production
Environmental Factors)
explain the importance
of biosecurity to the
animal industry.
(Facilities &
Equipment) (Handling)
(Production
Environmental Factors)
(BQA)
discuss procedures at
the local, state and
national levels to
ensure biosecurity of
the animal industry.
(Facilities &
Equipment) (Handling)
(Production
Environmental Factors)
(BQA)
implement a
biosecurity plan for an
animal production
operation. (Facilities &
Equipment)

(Production
Environmental Factors)
(BQA)
prepare and deliver a
multi-part animal
health care project and
presentation.
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AS.04. The student will apply principles of animal nutrition to ensure the proper growth, development, reproduction and
economic production of animals.
Students will know….
Students will understand
Students will be able to…
Prior Background Knowledge
that…
Required:
 how to formulate feed
 compare and contrast

feedstuffs
play
an
rations to provide for
common types of
 computer experience
important role in the
the nutritional needs of
feedstuffs and the roles
 basic Math and ELA
diets
of
animals.
animals.
they play in the diets of
skills
animals. (Nutrition)
 distinguishing between
 how to prescribe and
 basic speaking and
good
quality
and
poor
administer
animal
feed

determine the relative
listening skills
quality feedstuffs exist
additives and growth
nutritional value of
 basic collaboration tools
helps in the selection of
promotants in animal
feedstuffs by evaluating
appropriate
feed
for
production.
their general quality
animals.
and condition. (Range
Vocabulary:
Management)
 range conditions and
(Nutrition) (Agronomic
stocking rates are
 antibiotics
Crops)
estimated relationships
 calorie
between climate, soil,
 select appropriate
 concentrates
plants, and animals.
feedstuffs for animals
 crude protein
based on factors such as
 the process for
 diet
balancing
the
number
economics, digestive
 dry matter
of
grazing
animals
is
system and nutritional
 feed analysis
needs. (Anatomy)
multistep.
 feeding standards
(Nutrition)

processing
methods
 feedstuff
(grinding, rolling,
 discuss how feed
 feedstuffs
additives and growth
palletizing, etc.)
Drafted July 1, 2015
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hormones
legumes
palatability
range condition
range Site
ration
rendering
roughages
ruminants
stocking rate
improve palatability
and digestibility.

promotants are
administered and the
precautions that should
be taken. (Nutrition)
(Health Care) (BQA)
prepare and deliver a
multi-part animal
nutrition project and
presentation.
AS.05. The student will evaluate and select animals based on scientific principles of animal production.
Students will know….
Students will understand
Students will be able to…
Prior Background Knowledge
that…
Required:
 how to evaluate the
 explain the male and
 age, size, life cycle,
male and female
female reproductive
 computer experience
maturity
level
and
reproductive
systems
in
organs of the major
 basic Math and ELA
health status affect the
selecting animals.
animal species.
skills
reproductive
efficiency
(Anatomy) (Selection &

how
to
evaluate
 basic speaking and
of male and female
Breeding)
animals for breeding
listening skills
animals.
readiness
and

describe the functions
 basic collaboration tools
 there are certain
soundness.
of major organs in the
methods used to
male and female
 how to apply scientific
castrate
and
neuter
reproductive systems.
principles in the
animals, that are more
(Anatomy) (Selection &
selection and breeding
beneficial than others.
Breeding)
of animals.
 the phases of
 explain how age, size,
reproductive
Vocabulary:
life cycle, maturity level
development in the life
and health status affect
 alimentary canal
of an animal are used to
the reproductive
 bladder
determine
an
animal’s
efficiency of male and
 breeding readiness
readiness for breeding.
female animals.
 castration
(Anatomy) (Selection &

reproduction
 cervix
Drafted July 1, 2015
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clitoris
cloaca
copulation
cowper’s gland
crossbreeding
epididymis
fallopian tubes
fertilization
follicles
funnel
gametes
gestation
grade animal
heterosis
hybrid vigor
inbreeding
incubation
infectious disease
infundibulum
isthmus
labia majora
labia minora
lactation
linebreeding
magnum
neutering
oogenesis
outcrossing
ova
ovary
oviducts
papilla

management practices
affect reproductive
performance.
there are common
breeding systems used
in livestock production.
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Breeding)
summarize factors that
lead to reproductive
maturity. (Anatomy)
(Selection & Breeding)
discuss the importance
of efficient and
economic reproduction
in animals. (Selection &
Breeding)
evaluate reproductive
problems that occur in
animals. (Selection &
Breeding)
explain genetic
inheritance in
agricultural animals.
(Selection & Breeding)
define natural and
artificial breeding
methods. (Health Care)
(Selection & Breeding)
explain the processes of
natural and artificial
breeding methods.
(Selection & Breeding)
explain the use of
quantitative breeding
values (e.g., EPDs) in
the selection of
genetically superior
breeding stock.
(Selection & Breeding)
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parturition
penis
prostate gland
puberty
purebred
reproductive health
management
scrotum
semen
seminal vesicles
sheath
spawning
spaying
sperm
spermatogenesis
spermatozoa
testicles
testosterone
urethra
urine
uterine horns
uterus
vagina
vas deferens
venereal disease
vulva
zygote
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Drafted July 1, 2015
compare and contrast
quantitative breeding
value differences
between genetically
superior animals and
animals of average
genetic value. (Selection
& Breeding)
explain the advantages
of major reproductive
management practices,
including estrous
synchronization,
superovulation,
flushing and embryo
transfer. (Selection &
Breeding) (Health Care)
discuss the uses and
advantages and
disadvantages of
natural breeding and
artificial insemination.
(Selection & Breeding)
explain the materials,
methods and processes
of artificial
insemination. (Selection
& Breeding) (Health
Care)
prepare and deliver a
multi-part animal
selection and breeding
project and
presentation.
AS.06. The student will prepare and implement animal handling procedures for the safety of animals, producers and
consumers of animal products.
Students will know….
Students will understand
Students will be able to…
Prior Background Knowledge
that…
Required:
 how to demonstrate
 discuss the dangers
 facility and attitude
safe animal handling
involved in working
 computer experience
considerations
should
and
management
with animals.
 basic Math and ELA
be made when
techniques.
(Handling) (Facilities
skills
handling
livestock.
and Equipment) (BQA)

how
to
implement
 basic speaking and
 the use of “Best
procedures to ensure
 outline safety
listening skills
Management Practices”
that animal products
procedures for working
 basic collaboration tools
ensures
animal
health
are safe.
with animals by
and nutrition.
species. (Handling)
Animalhandling.org
(Facilities and
Animalcaretraining.org
Equipment) (BQA)
 interpret animal
Vocabulary:
behaviors and execute
 biosecurity
protocols for safe
handling of animals.
 euthanasia
(Handling) (Facilities
 quality assurance
and Equipment) (BQA)
 the zone of influence
 design programs that
assure the welfare of
animals and prevent
abuse or mistreatment.
(Handling) (Facilities
and Equipment) (BQA)
 implement qualityassurance programs
and procedures for
animal production.
(Handling) (Facilities
Drafted July 1, 2015
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Drafted July 1, 2015
and Equipment) (BQA)
identify animal
production practices
that could pose health
risks or are considered
to pose risks by some.
(Handling) (Facilities
and Equipment) (BQA)
discuss consumer
concerns with animal
production practices
relative to human
health. (Handling)
(Facilities and
Equipment)(OSHA)
(BQA)
implement a program
to assure the safety of
animal products.
(Handling) (Facilities
and Equipment) (BQA)
explain why animal
trace-back capability,
using individual animal
and farm identification
systems, is important to
producers and
consumers. (Record
Keeping) (Facilities and
Equipment) (BQA)
implement an animal
and/or premises
identification program.

(Record Keeping)
(Handling) (Facilities
and Equipment) (BQA)
prepare and deliver a
multi-part animal
handling project and
presentation.
AS.07. The student will select animal facilities and equipment that provide for the safe and efficient production, housing
and handling of animals.
Students will know….
Students will understand
Students will be able to…
Prior Background Knowledge
that…
Required:
 how to design animal
 critique designs for an
 the Cattle Industry's
housing, equipment
animal facility and
 computer experience
Guidelines for the Care
and handling facilities
prescribe alternative
 basic Math and ELA
and Handling of Cattle
for the major systems of
layouts and
skills
include facilities.
animal production.
adjustments for the safe
 basic speaking and
and efficient use of the
 facility and attitude
 how to comply with
listening skills
facility. (Handling)
considerations should
government regulations
 basic collaboration tools
(Facilities and
be made when
and safety standards for
Equipment) (BQA)
handling livestock.
facilities used in animal
production.
 design an animal
facility, focusing on
Animalcaretraining.org
animal requirements,
efficiency, safety and
Vocabulary:
ease of handling.
(Handling) (Facilities
 flight zone
and Equipment) (BQA)
 lighting
 identify equipment and
 non ambulatory
handling facilities used
 reflections
in modern animal
 ventilation
production. (Handling)
(Facilities and
Equipment) (BQA)
Drafted July 1, 2015
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Drafted July 1, 2015
explain how modern
equipment and
handling facilities
enhance the safe and
economic production of
animals. (Handling)
(Facilities and
Equipment) (OSHA)
(BQA)
list the general
standards (e.g.,
environmental, zoning,
construction) that must
be met in facilities for
animal production.
(Facilities &
Equipment) (Structural
Plans and Building
Codes)
evaluate an animal
facility to determine if
standards have been
met. (Facilities &
Equipment) (Structural
Plans and Building
Codes)
design a facility that
meets standards for the
legal, safe, ethical and
efficient production of
animals. (Facilities &
Equipment) (Structural
Plans and Building
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AS.08. The student will analyze environmental factors associated with animal production.
Students will know….
Students will understand
Prior Background Knowledge
that…
Required:
 how to reduce the
 environmental concerns
effects of animal
 computer experience
are associated with
production on the
 basic Math and ELA
manure application.
environment.
skills
 there are proper
 how to evaluate the
 basic speaking and
techniques to odor
effects of environmental
listening skills
management.
conditions on animals.
 basic collaboration tools
Vocabulary:
 ammonia
 grazing
 manure
 nutrient management
Drafted July 1, 2015
Codes)
prepare and deliver a
multi-part animal
facilities and equipment
project and
presentation.
Students will be able to…
 evaluate the effects of
animal agriculture on
the environment.
(Production
Environmental Factors)
(Soils) (Facilities and
Equipment)
 outline methods of
reducing the effects of
animal agriculture on
the environment.
(Production
Environmental Factors)
(Soils) (Facilities and
Equipment)
 implement measures to
reduce the impact of
animal agriculture on
the environment.
(Production
Environmental Factors)
(Soils) (Facilities and
Equipment)
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Drafted July 1, 2015
identify optimal
environmental
conditions for animals.
(Production
Environmental Factors)
(Range Management)
(Facilities and
Equipment)
prepare and deliver a
Multi-part animal
production with
environmental factors
project and
presentation.