Name: ________________________________ Date: ____________ Class: ________________
Biology (SL): IB Quiz
Objective 1 Command Terms
Quiz 1
Common guillemots (Uria aalge) are large sea birds of the auk family. They breed in colonies at high densities but
make no nest. Their single egg is incubated on bare rock. Alloparenting behaviour is frequently observed, where
non-breeding birds will take care of other chicks. Scientists fitted electronic time-depth recorders onto twelve
common guillemots and recorded five different activities during the chick-rearing period: at the colony, in flight,
resting or active on the sea surface and diving. The pie charts below include pooled data from all birds showing
overall time budget and time budget at sea.
[Source: The Journal of Experimental Biology: jeb@biologists.org.]
(a) State which activity takes up least of the overall time budget of the guillemots.
......................................................................................................................................
(1)
(b) Calculate the percentage of the overall time budget the guillemots spend resting on the sea surface.
............................................ %
(1)
(c) Outline the activity of guillemots at sea.
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(2)
(d) Suggest two reasons, other than breeding, why birds spend more time at the colony than any other
activity.
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(2)
(Total 6 marks)
(a)
in flight
(b)
1  1  100 ;
4
6
4.2 (%); (Allow answers from 4% to 4.2%)
(c)
(d)
birds spend most of time active on the water;
more or less the same time in flight, diving and resting in water;
Need all three parts for the mark.
birds need to rest/sleep to recover energy/digest food / are inactive
at night;
moulting makes them flightless;
defending territory / protection of young / other example of social
behaviour;
1
1 max
2
2 max
[6]
Name: ________________________________ Date: ____________ Class: ________________
Biology (SL): IB Quiz
Objective 1 Command Terms
Quiz 2
In Australia, a study was undertaken among women to determine the vitamin D levels in their blood. Levels of
vitamin D were categorized as sufficient, insufficient and deficient to determine how prevalent each category was.
Three locations at three different latitudes and four different seasons were used. A data summary is shown in the
graphs below.
[Source: Van der Mei, IA, Ponsonby, A-L, Engelsen, O, Pasco, JA, McGrath, JJ et al. 2007. “The high prevalence of vitamin D
insufficiency across Australian populations is only partly explained by season and latitude.” Environ Health Perspect. Vol 115, issue
8. DOI:10.1289/ehp.9937.]
(a)
(i)
Identify the season when the women are least likely to suffer from vitamin D deficiency.
...........................................................................................................................
(1)
(ii)
Using the data from all four seasons, identify the two locations where the patterns of vitamin D
are most similar.
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
(1)
(iii)
Determine what percentage of women in Geelong have insufficient vitamin D levels in winter.
...........................................................................................................................
(1)
(b)
Compare the deficiency levels of vitamin D at all three locations.
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(3)
(c)
Location and season were found to account for only a small part of the deficiencies.
Suggest, with reasons, how the behaviours of different people could influence the levels of vitamin D
in their blood.
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(2)
(Total 8 marks)
(a)
(i)
(b)
summer
1
(ii)
Geelong and (Southeast) Queensland (both needed)
1
(iii)
(40 – 8) = 32% (accept answers in the range of 31% to 33%)
1
similarity:
none of the locations are deficient in Summer;
Geelong and (Southeast) Queensland have similar prevalence/levels
of deficiency at all times of the year;
difference:
only Tasmania shows a deficiency in autumn;
Tasmania shows the highest prevalence of deficiency;
(Southeast) Queensland shows less prevalence/levels of deficiency overall;
To award [3], answers must address at least one similarity and
one difference.
(c)
diets rich in vitamin D could raise vitamin D levels; (vice versa)
use of sunscreen/staying out of the sun/hats/clothing can reduce
the production of vitamin D by the skin; (vice versa)
use of dietary supplements containing vitamin D can reduce
deficiency levels;
3 max
2 max
[8]
Name: ________________________________ Date: ____________ Class: ________________
Biology (SL): IB Quiz
Objective 1 Command Terms
Quiz 3
The element arsenic (As) is not needed for plant growth and development. The accumulation of arsenic in the
Chinese brake fern (Pteris vittata) was studied. Young ferns with five or six leaves were transplanted to soil
contaminated with arsenic and were grown for 20 weeks in a greenhouse.
The graph below shows the arsenic concentrations in leaves and roots of the Chinese brake fern during the 20
weeks after transplanting. Arsenic concentration is expressed as mg As kg–1 dry weight of plant.
[Used with permission, from Journal of Environmental Quality. 2002. Vol 31. Pp 1671–1675.]
(a)
Using the data in the graph, describe the accumulation of arsenic in the Chinese brake fern.
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(3)
The table below shows the total amount of arsenic accumulated by the Chinese brake fern, expressed as a
concentration in the plant tissue and as a percentage of the arsenic originally in the soil.
Time / weeks
Arsenic concentration
in fern / mg As kg–1
Percentage of original soil
arsenic absorbed by fern
0
2
0.00
2
66
0.05
4
221
0.15
6
408
0.28
8
1300
0.88
12
5390
3.68
16
13800
9.43
20
37900
25.90
[Adapted from Sinton, L W et al. 1999. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. Vol 65, issue 8. Pp 3605–3613. Published by the
American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W., Washington, DC 20036, USA. Reproduced with permission.]
(b)
(i)
Assuming the mean rate of arsenic accumulation over the first 20 weeks continued, calculate
how long it would take to remove all the arsenic from the soil.
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
(1)
(ii)
Using the data in the table, discuss the potential of using Chinese brake fern to remove arsenic
from contaminated soil.
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
(2)
(c)
Suggest one possible consequence of arsenic accumulation in plants for other organisms in the
community.
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(1)
(Total 7 marks)
(a)
(b)
(c)
arsenic accumulates in leaves;
arsenic concentration (in leaves) increases rapidly in the first 7 weeks;
arsenic (in leaves) increases from 0 to approximately
6000 mg kg–1 at 7 weeks;
maximum arsenic level (in leaves) is about 7500 mg kg–1 at end of
experiment / valid numerical example;
after week 7 arsenic concentration in plant increases more slowly/
begins to plateau;
arsenic concentration in roots remains relatively unchanged throughout
the experiment;
(Accept range of 7–10 weeks in all of above points)
(i)
77 weeks (Allow answers in range 70 – 80 weeks)
(ii)
Chinese brake fern could be used to remove arsenic from soil;
after 20 weeks about 25% of soil arsenic removed by fern;
arsenic concentration increases (rapidly) in fern (tissue)
in 20 weeks;
eventually/longer periods may reach toxic levels for plant;
plants may become toxic for consumers;
arsenic may accumulate in the food chain / biomagnification;
3 max
1
2 max
1 max
[7]
Name: ________________________________ Date: ____________ Class: ________________
Answer Keys to Biology (SL) IB Quizes
Biology (SL): IB Quiz - Objective 1 Command Terms - Quiz 1
Common guillemots (Uria aalge) are large sea birds of the auk family. They breed in colonies at high densities but…
(a)
in flight
(b)
1  1  100 ;
4
6
4.2 (%); (Allow answers from 4% to 4.2%)
(c)
(d)
1
1 max
birds spend most of time active on the water;
more or less the same time in flight, diving and resting in water;
Need all three parts for the mark.
birds need to rest/sleep to recover energy/digest food / are inactive
at night;
moulting makes them flightless;
defending territory / protection of young / other example of social
behaviour;
2
2 max
[6]
Biology (SL): IB Quiz - Objective 1 Command Terms - Quiz 2
In Australia, a study was undertaken among women to determine the vitamin D levels in their blood. Levels of…
(a)
(i)
(b)
summer
1
(ii)
Geelong and (Southeast) Queensland (both needed)
1
(iii)
(40 – 8) = 32% (accept answers in the range of 31% to 33%)
1
similarity:
none of the locations are deficient in Summer;
Geelong and (Southeast) Queensland have similar prevalence/levels
of deficiency at all times of the year;
difference:
only Tasmania shows a deficiency in autumn;
Tasmania shows the highest prevalence of deficiency;
(Southeast) Queensland shows less prevalence/levels of deficiency overall;
To award [3], answers must address at least one similarity and
one difference.
(c)
diets rich in vitamin D could raise vitamin D levels; (vice versa)
use of sunscreen/staying out of the sun/hats/clothing can reduce
the production of vitamin D by the skin; (vice versa)
use of dietary supplements containing vitamin D can reduce
deficiency levels;
3 max
2 max
[8]
Biology (SL): IB Quiz - Objective 1 Command Terms - Quiz 3
The element arsenic (As) is not needed for plant growth and development. The accumulation of arsenic in the…
(a)
(b)
(c)
arsenic accumulates in leaves;
arsenic concentration (in leaves) increases rapidly in the first 7 weeks;
arsenic (in leaves) increases from 0 to approximately
6000 mg kg–1 at 7 weeks;
maximum arsenic level (in leaves) is about 7500 mg kg–1 at end of
experiment / valid numerical example;
after week 7 arsenic concentration in plant increases more slowly/
begins to plateau;
arsenic concentration in roots remains relatively unchanged throughout
the experiment;
(Accept range of 7–10 weeks in all of above points)
(i)
77 weeks (Allow answers in range 70 – 80 weeks)
(ii)
Chinese brake fern could be used to remove arsenic from soil;
after 20 weeks about 25% of soil arsenic removed by fern;
arsenic concentration increases (rapidly) in fern (tissue)
in 20 weeks;
eventually/longer periods may reach toxic levels for plant;
plants may become toxic for consumers;
arsenic may accumulate in the food chain / biomagnification;
3 max
1
2 max
1 max
[7]
Name: ________________________________ Date: ____________ Class: ________________
Biology (SL): IB Quiz
Objective 1 Command Terms
Quiz 4
Investigators carried out experiments to find the relationship between the energy used by mice (the metabolic rate) and
their activity. They found that the amount of time mice are active depends on the time of day, whether they are single or in
groups and on the temperature of their surroundings. The bar chart below shows the percentage of time mice were active
during three-hour periods at three different temperatures.
[Source: L E Mount and J V Willmott. 1967. Journal of Physiology. Vol 190. Pp 371–380. Published by Wiley-Blackwell. Used with
permission]
(a)
Calculate how many minutes the group mice are active between 21:00 and 00:00 at 8 °C.
......................................................................................................................................
(1)
(b)
Outline the relationship between activity and temperature from 21:00 to 03:00 in all of the mice.
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(1)
(c)
Animals which are active at night are nocturnal. Suggest one advantage for mice being nocturnal.
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(1)
The investigators also found that the metabolic rate of the mice changed at different times of the day. Mice
were kept at one of the three constant temperatures for 24 hours and their oxygen consumption was
measured. The graph below shows the results for single mice and the mean values for group mice.
[Source: L E Mount and J V Willmott. 1967. Journal of Physiology. Vol 190. Pp 371–380. Published by Wiley-Blackwell. Used with
permission]
(d)
State the relationship between temperature and metabolic rate.
......................................................................................................................................
(1)
(e)
Compare the results for the single mice at 15 °C with those for the group mice at 15 °C.
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(2)
(f)
Suggest one reason why the results differ for single mice and group mice.
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(1)
(g)
Explain why oxygen consumption is used as a measure of metabolic rate.
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(2)
(h)
Using the data from both graphs, evaluate the hypothesis that increased activity causes an increase in
metabolic rate in mice.
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(2)
(Total 11 marks)
(a)
90 (minutes)
1
(b)
as temperature increases activity increases/positive correlation
1
(c)
avoid predators / less competition for food
1
(d)
as temperature increases metabolic rate decreases/negative correlation
(accept converse)
1
(e)
(f)
(g)
(h)
metabolic rate of group mice is always less than single mice;
(accept converse)
both follow similar pattern of increases/decreases/fluctuations at
same time of day;
fluctuations greater in group mice;
both most active/higher metabolic rate during evening/21:00;
(accept any reference to times between 18:00 and 00:00)
single mice need to produce more heat/have greater heat loss
because of greater surface exposed to air / group mice huddle
together to reduce the surface exposed to air
Allow any other reasonable answer.
2 max
1
oxygen is required for (aerobic) respiration;
respiration produces ATP/releases energy/heat in the mice;
metabolic rate is a measure of total energy released/consumed in
the body / oxygen consumption is proportional to energy released/
consumed in body/proportional to metabolic rate;
2 max
metabolic activity high when mice more active supports the hypothesis;
activity is normally correlated with energy consumption;
but another factor may be causing both to increase at the same time /
correlation does not always establish cause and effect;
grouping/environmental temperature also affect metabolic rate;
2 max
[11]