Source
Number
1
2
3
4
5
Url/Book
Key Idea
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsunami
What a tsunami is? And what
causes them?
What caused the 2011
Japanese tsunami?
http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/the-2011japan-tsunami-was-caused-by-largest-fault-slip-everrecorded
http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/waves/Lesson- How to measure the speed
2/The-Speed-of-a-Wave
of a water wave?
http://www.bom.gov.au/tsunami/info/
What is the speed of a
tsunami, its amplitude and
wavelength of the wave?
http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/
What causes a tsunami?
A tsunami is a series of large waves in a form of a giant wave after a disturbance
underwater or on land for example 2 tectonic plates scraping one of the most common
tectonic event is when one is going down under the other plate and the other one scraping
over the top the largest recorded one is 50 meters deep this causes a very large amount
of water to create a tsunami. Other events can causes a tsunami such as Earthquakes,
volcanic eruptions and other underwater explosions (including detentions of underwater
nuclear devices), landslides, glacier calving’s and etc. (Source 1)
The cause of the Japanese tsunami fault was the boundary between two tectonic plates in
Japan the trench slipped as much as 50 meters. Other similarly events have happened
including the 9.1 Sumatra event in 2004 resulted in a 20 to 25 meter slip in the fault.
(Source 2)
The speed of an object refers to how fast an object is moving and is usually expressed as
the distance traveled per time of travel. In the case of a wave, the speed is the
distance traveled by the given point on the wave (such as a crest) in a given interval of
time. (Source 3)
Tsunamis can have wavelengths ranging from 10 to 500 km and wave periods of up to an
hour. As a result of their long wavelengths, tsunamis act as shallow-water waves. A wave
becomes a shallow-water wave when the wavelength is very large compared to the water
depth. Shallow-water waves move at a speed, c, that is dependent upon the water depth and
is given by the formula. (Source 3)
Where g is the acceleration due to gravity (= 9.8 m/s 2) and H is the depth of water. In
the deep ocean, the typical water depth is around 4000 m, so a tsunami will therefore
travel at around 200 m/s, or more than 700 km/h. (Source 4)
As a tsunami leaves the deep water of the open-ocean and travels into the shallower water
near the coast, it transforms. (Source 4)
2014
By Daniel Hillier| Source Table
The tsunami's energy flux, which is dependent on both its wave speed and wave height,
remains nearly constant. Consequently, as the tsunami's speed diminishes, its height
grows. This is called shoaling. Because of this shoaling effect, a tsunami that is
unnoticeable at sea may grow to be several meters or more in height near the coast.
(Source 4)
2014
By Daniel Hillier| Source Table