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Classification of Organisms Study Guide
**Review Chapter 6, Lessons 1-3**
Vocabulary to Know
classification-the process of grouping similar things together
kingdom-a major, large group of similar organisms
genus-a subdivision of a family (ocelot and house cat)
species-a single kind of organism that can reproduce among its own kind
vertebrate-animal with backbone
invertebrate-animal without a backbone
mammals-have hair and produce milk for their young
reptiles-scaly skin, most lay eggs on land ; cold-blooded vertebrate of a class that includes snakes, lizards, crocodiles, turtles, and tortoises. They are distinguished by having a dry scaly skin, and typically laying soft-shelled eggs on land.
fish-have gills and scales; a limbless cold-blooded vertebrate animal with gills and fins and living wholly in water.
bird-have feathers
amphibian-no scaly skin, born in water but live on land as adult (frogs and toads) a cold-blooded vertebrate animal of a class that comprises the frogs, toads, newts, and salamanders
vascular plant-a plant with tubes to carry nutrients and water throughout the plant
nonvascular plant-a plant without transport tubes to carry water and nutrients throughout the plant (mosses, hornwarts, liverworts) cold-blooded- having a body temperature varying with that of the environment; warm-bloodedrelating to or denoting animals (chiefly mammals and birds) that maintain a constant body temperature, typically above that of the surroundings bacteria- a certain type of microorganism
Xylem- vascular tissue that carries water and nutrients from the roots to other parts of the plants
Phloem-vascular tissue that carries food from the leaves to other parts of the plant

Angiosperm-a flowering plant that has seeds protected by a fruit
Gymnosperm-a plant that produces naked seed
Vascular tissuea complex conducting tissue, formed of more than one cell type, found in
vascular plants.
 Bacteria are all single celled. Some make food like plants and others take in food
1.
Give examples of vertebrate groups and invertebrate groups with a description for each group.
 Vertebrates-fish(absorb oxygen), amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals
 Invertebrates-97 % of the animal kingdom is made up of invertebrates; Some can be found in ponds, oceans, and other water environments; Insects and some other invertebrates have exoskeletons.
2.
How do scientists classify living organisms?
 Scientists look for similarities in the way organisms look, live, eat, move, grow, change, and reproduce. It makes finding organisms easier.
 They classify them into larger kingdoms and all members of the kingdom have similar characteristics. (5-6)
 Phylum is a major group within a kingdom
 They continue to break down the organisms according to their characteristics until they have a species
3. Explain how honeybees and blue jays wings are similar and different. They have similar functions of their wings, but the structures are different.
4. How do we break the kingdoms down into smaller groups?
According to the characteristics of the organisms. The members of each group have more and more in common.

5. What would you do if you found a new animal? How would you classify it?
Look for other species that may have similar characteristics and have already been classified and studied.
6. Venn diagram explaining vertebrates and invertebrates.

 vertebrates less than 2% of animals on the earth backbone
 mammals, reptiles, birds, etc.
 they can all move both
 animals
 can be found in water and land
 both reproduce
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

 invertebrates
98% of the animals on the earth
No backbone
Insects, flatworms
Some of them don’t move
Structure is the form of a body part and the function is what the structure does. A wing, for example, is a structure, its function is flight.