Civ IN- PowerPoint text from Lecture 1
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Notecards
1)Name
2) Year in school
3) Hometown
4) Previous college history (if any)
5) Major
6) Most interesting historical figure
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Lecture 1B- Prehistory
I)
Evolution (?)
II)
Paleolithic Age
III)
Neolithic Age
IDs:
Literalism
fides et ratio
Evolution
oldest findings
homonids
Fire
hunter/gatherer
tools
Ancestor worship
Neanderthal
Cromagnon
Agricultural Revolution
Surplus
Urban Revolution
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Debate over evolution
Prof. Fitzgibbons
Epistemology
Debate:
Literalist
vs.
Symbolic
Catholic teaching?
Humani Generis (1950)
Pope John Paul II
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Humani Generis (1950)
...the Teaching Authority of the Church does not forbid that, in conformity with the present state of
human sciences and sacred theology, research and discussions, on the part of men experienced in both
fields, take place with regard to the doctrine of evolution, in as far as it inquires into the origin of the
human body as coming from pre-existent and living matter—for the Catholic faith obliges us to hold that
souls are immediately created by God. However this must be done in such a way that the reasons for
both opinions, that is, those favorable and those unfavorable to evolution, be weighed and judged with
the necessary seriousness, moderation and measure, and provided that all are prepared to submit to
the judgment of the Church, to whom Christ has given the mission of interpreting authentically the
Sacred Scriptures and of defending the dogmas of faithful.
-Pius XII, Enc. Humani Generis, 36.
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Pope John Paul II on
science and religion
(speech to the Pontifical Academy of Sciences, 1979)
“We cannot but deplore certain attitudes which have existed among Christians themselves,
insufficiently attentive to the legitimate autonomy of science. Sources of tensions and conflicts, they
have lead many minds to conclude that faith and science are mutually opposed.” (1979)
Further statement (on science and religion in general): Fides et Ratio (1998)
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Pope John Paul II on evolution (1996)
“Today, more than a half-century after the appearance of [Pius XII’s Humani Generis], some new findings
lead us toward the recognition of evolution as more than an hypothesis.”
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Early homonids
“Lucy”
C. 3-4 million years ago
Recent discovery
East Africa (Zaire)
C. 8 million years ago
Concurrent types of homonids
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II) Paleolithic Age
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Paleolithic Peoples
2.5m years BC- 10,000 BC
“Old” + “stone”
Discovery of fire- c. 500,000 BC
Hunter/gatherer communities
- followed herds
- 20-30 individuals
Moved from Africa to Europe and Asia
Stressful life
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Paleolithic Shelters
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Paleolithic Era Inhabitants
Homo sapiens- approx. 200,000 BC
- 2 types
#1- Neanderthals
- 100,000 BC - 40,000 BC
- early language
- tools and graves?
- “ancestor worship”
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Neanderthal burial
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Cave Paintings
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Paleolithic Era Inhabitants
Homo sapiens- approx. 200,000 BC
- 2 types
#1- Neanderthals
- 100,000 BC - 40,000 BC
- early language
- early religion- “ancestor worship”
#2 Cromagnon (homo sapiens sapiens)c. 250,000- 10,000 BC
- one-armed skeleton (adult male)
-meaning?
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III) Neolithic Age
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Neolithic Peoples
Began after the end of the Great Ice Age (around 10,000 BC)
Food moved north
Mild and damp climates
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Revolution #1:
Agricultural Revolution
1st Major change:
Agricultural Revolution
- 7,000 or 8,000 years BC
- domestication
- gamble
- payoff
I)
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Neolithic creations
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Neolithic burial
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Lecture 1C- Early Civilizations
Basic criteria
IDs:
Urban revolution
River plains societies
irrigation
Elemental gods
human mortality
Specialization
”
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Agricultural Revolution:
Locations
5 possible sites (concurrent)
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Earliest Cities
Satal Huyuk (Catal Hüyük)- c. 7000 BC
Around 6,000 residents
Use of copper
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“Civilization” and the Urban Revolution:
4 basic components
Political
- irrigation→
organization
Religious
- elemental gods
Economic/social
- surplus
- specialization
Cultural
- pictographs