Review Sheet – Developmental Psychology, Chapters 1-6
Chapter 1
Know:
-
difference between physical, cognitive, social and personality development
social construction
what a cohort is
chart 1-2 on page 11 (also discussed on pages 11-13)
the psychodynamic school of thinking and who is mostly known for this theory
(don’t worry about chart 1-3)
(don’t worry about psychosexual or psychosocial theory for now)
know what the behavior theory stands for and who is known for this theory
social-cognitive learning
what the cognitive theory stands for and who is most known for it
cognitive neuroscience approach
humanistic approach
bioecological/contextual approach
maturation
Vygotsky’s sociocultural approach
evolutionary perspective
difference between a hypothesis and a theory
difference between a longitudinal, cross-sectional and sequential design
difference between a population and a sample
internal and external validity
sampling bias and placebo effects
know what an operational definition is and why it is used
major difference between an experiment and a correlational study
know what a correlation coefficient is and what it tells us about human behavior
difference between an experimental and control group
know independent versus dependent variable
ethical issues in psychology
Chapter 2
Know:
- genes, DNA and chromosomes
- monozygotic vs. dizygotic twins
- dominant vs. recessive traits
- genotype vs. phenotype
- homozygous vs. heterozygous
- polygenetic inheritance
- behavioral genetics
Chapter 2 continued
- diseases on page 55
- genetic counseling
- multifactorial transmission
- germinal stage- mitosis and blastocyst, ectoderm, endoderm, mesoderm, when this stage takes place
- embryonic stage-when stage takes place, spontaneous abortion
- fetal stage-when stage takes place
- in vitro fertilization, artificial insemination as well as GIFT and ZIFT
- teratogens
Chapter 3
Know:
- what Braxton-Hicks contractions are
- stages of labor-how long each lasts and what occurs during each
- the five things measured on the Apgar Scale (see page 89)
- different approaches to childbirth (Lamaze, Bradley, etc.)
- difference between preterm, low-birth weight, small-for-gestational age, very-low-birth weight
- age of viability
- electronic fetal monitoring
- what an epidural is
- what a doula is; what midwives do
- problems with premature AND postmature babies
- habituation
- difference between postpartum blues, depression and psychosis
- what a cesarean delivery is, why is done and how it is done
- episiotomy
- what the neonatal period is
- Stillbirth
- size and appearance of newborn baby (notes)
- how much time new babies spend sleeping (notes)
Chapter 4
Know:
- cephalocaudal vs. proximodistal development
- changes in an infant’s weight in first 2 years and how tall they are by 2 years of age
- how many neurons we are born with
- basic neuron information (notes page 3)
- maturation and Marion Diamond’s research
- principle of hierarchical integration vs. principle of the independence of systems
- different types of sleep in infants
Chapter 4 continued
- Development of senses section – see book and notes
- depth perception
- sensitive period vs. critical period
- REM sleep
- dynamic systems theory
- Brazelton neonatal scale
- nonorganic failure to thrive
Chapter 5
Know:
- schemes, assimilation, accommodation
- object permanence
- Piaget’s six substages of sensorimotor
- infant memory, infantile amnesia
- Table 5-2 on page 163
- Language development (see book and notes). Halophrases, telegraphic speech, etc.
- 4 rules of language
- Referential style vs. expressive style
- theories of language development
- language capacity at 18 months and 24 months
- Broca’s area and Wernicke’s area
Chapter 6
Know:
- Maximally Discriminative Facial Movement Coding System
- 3 components to emotion
- social referencing, stranger anxiety, separation anxiety
- social smiling and reflexive smiling
- theory of mind
- Ainsworth’s patterns of attachment
- Lorenz and Harlow
- Bowlby and attachment
- mutual regulation model
- reciprocal socialization, scaffolding
- Thomas and Chess’ theory of temperament – 6-2 on page 201
- gender and gender roles (see book and notes
- Freud’s Oral stage and Erikson’s Trust/Mistrust Stage
- social development (see notes)
- emotional development – positive affectivity, negative affectivity, functionalism
- different types of cries
- what Jerome Kagan said about temperament (see class notes)
- what makes for high quality daycare
- where most people place children in terms of daycare
You can do an online study group. Go on your page, click on My Courses, click on Child Psychology,
click on Message Board and click on post a topic. You can ask a question and others can reply. If you
are replying to a message, then click on reply and type your answer. In the past, this has been very
helpful to those who have used it. I will go on and if I see that you cannot get an answer to your
question, I will answer, however, I do give some time so that others can answer your question.