Anthropology-- Unit I (DNA) Review
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A diploid cell is one that
The diploid number of chromosomes in a human skin cell is 46. The number of chromosomes found in a human egg is
A typical human cell contains 46 chromosomes. After mitosis and cell division, each of the two new cells formed from the
original cell have
Mitosis is a process by which
When crossing-over takes place in meiosis, chromosomes
The primary function of DNA is to
A nucleotide consists of
Who took pictures of DNA that allowed Watson and Crick to come up with the idea of the double helix?
Purines and pyrimidines are
The complimentary strand of DNA for ATTGTAAC would be
rRNA is found in
RNA differs from DNA in that RNA
Certain segments of DNA “jump” from one location to another for no apparent reason
In translation, often a multiple condons will still result in the same amino acid being adding to the amino acid chain. These
are referred to as
A mutation that results in the deletion or insertion of a base into a nucleotide sequence
A mutation that is just one wrong base (letter) is a
RNA is chemically similar to DNA except that its sugars have an additional oxygen atom, and the base thymine is replaced
by a structurally similar base called
In RNA molecules, adenine is complementary to
Refer to the illustration above. What is the portion of the protein molecule coded for by the piece of mRNA-CUCAAGUGCUUC?
A ribosome has
Transcription is the process by which genetic information encoded in DNA is transferred to a(n)
Each nucleotide triplet in mRNA that specifies a particular amino acid is called a
The X and Y chromosomes are called the
A mutation where fragment of a chromosome may flip over and rejoin
What enzymes uncoil the DNA in order to start replication?
A mutation caused by a piece of DNA breaking away from its chromosome and becoming attached to a completely different
chromosome is called
A single point mutation that results in a the incorrect amino acid yet has no affect on the organism
A change in a gene due to damage or being copied incorrectly is called
The effects of a mutation can be
Each new strand of DNA is half of the old strand of DNA. Therefore, DNA is said to be
The portions of DNA molecules that actually code for the production of proteins are called
The noncoding portions of DNA that are separated from the portions of DNA actually used during transcription are called
After mRNA has been transcribed,
A genome is
Agents that can cause a mutation are referred to as
The two strands of DNA run in opposite directions. The term for this is
The phase of the cell cycle where the cell carries out its function and replicates DNA.
The phase of the cell cycle where cells are completely replicated in order to repair or grow.
In humans, the production of haploid eggs is occurring in
UW or WSU?
Describe the process of transcription. The following terms must be used correctly and show understanding in your
description: DNA, promoter region, nucleus, ribonucleotides or base(s), base pairing, introns, and exons.
Describe the process of translation. The following terms must be used correctly and show understanding in your description:
mRNA, tRNA, ribosomes, amino acid(s), cytoplasm, start codon, stop codon, and protein.
Explain the process of DNA replication. The following terms must be used correctly and show understanding in your
description: DNA, helicase, Okazaki fragments, semi-conservative, leading strand, lagging strand, and RNA primer.
Contrast the stability and instability of DNA.
Describe the research done by only one of the following: Hershey and Chase, Griffith, or Watson and Crick.
Explain why many mutations are not a problem for an organism.
State one “cool”, profound, or interesting quote from the movie GATTAGA.
Meiosis changes genetic information in the new gametes and therefore increases diversity. Discuss the ways diversity is
increased by meiosis and sexual reproduction.