OFFSHORE PETROLEUM EXPLORATION
ACREAGE RELEASE  AUSTRALIA 2014
GENERAL AND SPECIAL NOTICES
The Australian Government does not guarantee that the
information contained in this document is accurate or
complete. Explorers should not rely solely on information
contained in this document when making a commercial
decision and are responsible for checking the accuracy of
information prior to commencing any petroleum exploration
operation.
OVERVIEW
Petroleum legislation requires that offshore operations be
carried out in a manner that does not unduly interfere with the
rights and interests of others. There is also a need to comply
with other requirements and standards set by Australian law.
Successful applicants for offshore titles need to have due
regard for matters such as:
•
Environment and heritage protection;
•
Native Title rights and interests;
•
Navigation and maritime safety;
•
Fishing activities;
•
Defence activities;
•
Submarine telecommunication cables; and
•
Insurance.
This document sets out the general and special notifications
regarding the acreage areas offered for petroleum exploration
in the 2014 Offshore Petroleum Exploration Acreage Release
(Release Areas).
These notices are designed to serve as an ongoing reference
for successful applicants, as they progress towards meeting
their exploration permit work program obligations.
The attention of potential applicants is drawn to both the
Notices for All Areas and the Notices for Specific Areas
set out below, which have been identified through
consultation with parties that have existing rights and
interests in the 2014 Release Areas.
KEY CONTACTS
Australian Defence Force Airspace Cell: 1800 652 222
Australian Fisheries Management Authority (AFMA):
petroleum@afma.gov.au.
Australian Hydrographic Office (AHO):
hydro.ntm@defence.gov.au
Australian Maritime Safety Authority (AMSA):
NauticalAdvice@amsa.gov.au.
Border Protection Command: bpliaison@customs.gov.au.
Commonwealth Department of Defence: +61 2 6266 8650
Commonwealth Department of the Environment
(Marine Reserves): marinereserves@environment.gov.au
(EPBC Act) ciu@environment.gov.au
Commonwealth Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade:
+61 2 6261 1111
Commonwealth Department of Industry:
petroleum.exploration@industry.gov.au
Defence Headquarters Air Command:
chris.westwood@defence.gov.au
National Native Title Tribunal: enquiries@nntt.gov.au
National Offshore Petroleum Safety and Environmental
Management Authority: information@nopsema.gov.au
National Offshore Petroleum Titles Administrator:
info@nopta.gov.au
Telstra: zack.gurdon@team.telstra.com
Note: As of 28 February 2014, NOPSEMA is the single
point of contact for environment approvals for petroleum
activities in Commonwealth waters.
For information on environmental streamlining, refer to:
http://www.nopsema.gov.au/legislation-andregulations/environment/
The identified requirements for Release Areas may result in
additional conditions being included in an exploration title.
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DISCLAIMER: This fact sheet has been developed as a guide only. It does not replace or amend information provided in the Offshore Petroleum Legislation, Regulations and
Guidelines available at: www.nopta.gov.au/legislation. In the event that there is a discrepancy between this fact sheet and the legislation or regulations, the legislation or regulations
has precedence. Explorers should not rely solely on this information when making commercial decisions. Image courtesy of BHP Billiton Petroleum Pty Ltd.
NOTICES FOR ALL AREAS
Field outlines are provided by Encom GPInfo, a Pitney Bowes
Software (PBS) Pty Ltd product. Whilst all care is taken in the
compilation of the field outlines by PBS, no warranty is
provided re the accuracy or completeness of the information,
and it is the responsibility of the Customer to ensure, by
independent means, that those parts of the information used
by it are correct before any reliance is placed upon them. In
particular, overlaps between Release Areas and existing
petroleum pools or fields should not be relied upon without
independent verification.
Border Protection Command
Border Protection Command (BPC) is responsible for
coordinating offshore maritime security and contributes to the
vital protection of Australia’s important offshore facilities by
conducting surface and aerial security patrols.
BPC should be provided with details of any proposed
activities to be conducted within Release Areas no less than
14 days prior to undertaking the task. BPC should also be
kept appraised of any ongoing activities within these areas.
The point of contact is bpliaison@customs.gov.au.
detonation. As such, the Australian Government provides no
guarantee or indemnity to titleholders or others with regard to
the safety or whereabouts of UXO in such areas.
In addition, as training exercises can take place at any time
and often involve the use of live fire, permit holders must
consult with Defence to minimise the applicant's own risk.
Details of Release Areas that coincide with MEA or DPA are
provided below in the Notices for Specific Areas.
Locations of restricted and prohibited areas, including maps,
are listed in Annual Australian NOTAM and Australian Annual
NOTMAR publications, which are available from the Royal
Australian Air Force Aeronautical Information Service website
(RAAF AIS - Designated Airspace Handbook) and the Royal
Australian Navy (RAN) Hydrographic Office website
respectively.
Successful applicants will need to liaise with Defence during
the planning phase and notify any exploration activity.
Defence requires notification, prior to commencement, of any
exploration works, including positions and dimensions (lateral
and vertical) of associated infrastructure and permanent
infrastructure development, to be undertaken in areas which
lie within Defence Restricted Airspace. Details of routes of
any associated helicopter support operations are also
requested. The appropriate point of contact is the Australian
Defence Force Airspace Cell (see below).
Defence
The Australian Department of Defence (Defence) operates
recognised training areas and special purpose military areas
for training and exercises to ensure Australia’s defence
capabilities.
Some of the Release Areas coincide with military restricted
airspace. When activated by a Notice to Airmen (NOTAM),
the restricted airspace can operate down to low altitudes
including, at times, to sea level. Non-Defence flying
operations are required to be conducted in accordance with
NOTAM restrictions.
Offshore areas may coincide with Defence Practice Areas
(DPA) or Military Exercise Areas (MEA). Potential applicants
are advised that the Minister for Defence has the authority,
under the Defence Force Regulations1952, to declare and
Gazette any area of sea or air space as a DPA, for carrying
out Defence operations or practice as specified in a NOTAM
or a Notice to Mariners (NOTMAR). When a DPA is activated,
unauthorised access to the area will be prohibited; access to
affected permit areas may also be restricted. Applicants
should also be aware that all sea and aircraft can be ordered
to evacuate the practice areas at short notice.
As there is potential for unexploded ordnance (UXO) on the
sea floor in either MEA or DPA, applicants should be aware of
the risks involved in conducting exploration activities. The
potential presence of UXO on the sea floor carries with it an
associated risk of detonation, which will be borne by the
applicants. Defence takes no responsibility for reporting the
location and type of ordnance dropped in the areas, for
identification of or removal of any UXO or for any damage
sustained to equipment in the unlikely event of UXO
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For all Release Areas, successful applicants will be required
to notify the Australian Hydrographic Office a minimum of
three weeks prior to any exploration works to be undertaken,
to assess for impact on maritime industry. Further, the
Australian Hydrographic Office requires details of any
exploration activity including suspended well heads, including
whether the well will be left suspended or plugged and
abandoned, or proposed infrastructure developments. This
will enable relevant navigational charts to be updated and the
issue of appropriate navigational warnings.
Successful applicants will need to liaise with Air Force
Headquarters during the planning phase and notify any
exploration activity. Titleholders will need to provide positions
and dimensions (lateral and vertical) of all associated fixed
and mobile infrastructure including drilling rigs. Additionally,
Headquarters Air Command requires advice within 48 hours
of any change in position of exploration activities to avoid
conflict with Australian Defence Force exercise activity.
The following Defence contacts will be able to advise of
planned Defence activities in specific areas:
General Defence
Assistant Secretary
Property Management Branch
BP26-G-B003
Department of Defence
Canberra ACT 2609
Telephone: +61 2 6266 8650
Australian Defence Force Airspace Cell
Telephone: 1800 652 222
Email: ADF.Airspace@defence.gov.au
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Offshore Petroleum Exploration Acreage Release
Australian Hydrographic Office
Mr Mark Bolger
Manager Nautical Assessment and Maintenance
Chart Production and Maintenance
Australian Hydrographic Office
Locked Bag 8801
Wollongong NSW 2500
Telephone: +61 2 4223 6590
Email: hydro.ntm@defence.gov.au
Website: www.hydro.gov.au
Headquarters Air Command
AIRCDRE Christopher Westwood
Deputy Air Commander Australia
RAAF Glenbrook
Great Western Highway
Glenbrook NSW 2773
Telephone: +61 2 4737 7010
Email: chris.westwood@defence.gov.au
The class approval does not cover activities that:

Have, will have or are likely to have a significant impact
on the environment on Commonwealth land;

Are taken in any area of sea or seabed that is declared
to be a part of the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park under
the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Act 1975;

Have, will have or are likely to have a significant impact
on the world heritage values of the Great Barrier Reef
World Heritage property or on the national heritage
values of the Great Barrier Reef National Heritage place;

Are taken in the Antarctic; and

Are injection and/or storage of greenhouse gas.
Key approvals

All petroleum activities in Commonwealth waters require
an accepted Environment Plan under the Environment
Regulations before they can proceed.

New development activities require an accepted Offshore
Project Proposal, prior to submission of any Environment
Plans under the Environment Regulations.

Activities that are to be carried out within a declared
Commonwealth Marine Reserve may also require
approval from the Director of National Parks.
The Australian National Offshore Petroleum Safety and
Environmental Management Authority (NOPSEMA) is the sole
designated assessor for environmental management of
offshore petroleum activities in Commonwealth waters.

Activities excluded from streamlined arrangements (listed
above) that are likely to have an impact on a matter of
National Environmental Significance also require
approval under Part 4 of the EPBC Act.
On 28 February 2014, the Australian Government announced
streamlined arrangements that apply to petroleum activities in
Commonwealth waters. The Australian Minister for the
Environment has issued a class approval under the EPBC Act
for petroleum and greenhouse gas activities in
Commonwealth waters, subject to the exclusions detailed
below.
Information on the OPGGS Environment Regulations is
available at:
http://www.industry.gov.au/resource/UpstreamPetroleum/Offs
horePetroleumEnvironment/Pages/OffshorePetroleumandGre
enhouseGasStorageRegulations2009.aspx.
Environmental Protection
The Australian Government requires titleholders to conduct
their activities in a manner that ensures a high standard of
environmental protection. Of particular importance to offshore
petroleum exploration are the requirements of the Offshore
Petroleum and Greenhouse Gas Storage Act 2006
(OPGGS Act) and Environment Protection and Biodiversity
Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act). Penalties may apply to
any activities in breach of the OPGGS Act and EPBC Act.
The class approval means titleholders of petroleum activities
in Commonwealth waters have deemed approval from the
Minister for the Environment for their activities provided they
are undertaken in accordance with the environmental
management processes under the OPGGS Act as described
in a formal document, ‘the Program’, available at:
http://www.industry.gov.au/resource/UpstreamPetroleum/Offs
horePetroleumEnvironment/Documents/ProgramReport.pdf..
The Program describes the requirements under the
OPGGS Act and subordinate regulations; in particular the
Offshore Petroleum and Greenhouse Gas Storage
(Environment) Regulations 2009 (Environment Regulations).
Further information on streamlining may be found at
www.industry.gov.au/streamlining.
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Information on the EPBC Act is available at:
http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/aboutus/legislation/environment-protection-and-biodiversityconservation-act-1999.
OPGGS Act and associated regulations
The object of the Environment Regulations is to ensure that
any petroleum or greenhouse gas activity carried out in an
offshore area is carried out in a manner:

Consistent with the principles of ecologically sustainable
development;

By which the environmental impacts and risks of the
activity will be reduced to as low as reasonably
practicable; and

By which the environmental impacts and risks of the
activity will be of an acceptable level.
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Offshore Petroleum Exploration Acreage Release
Environment Plans
Offshore Project Proposals
Under the Environment Regulations, a titleholder must have
an accepted Environment Plan in place for a ‘petroleum
activity’ prior to undertaking that activity.
Under the Environment Regulations, a proponent must have
an accepted Offshore Project Proposal in place for a new
development activity, or ‘offshore project’, before submission
of an Environment Plan for that activity.
A ‘petroleum activity’ is defined in the Environment
Regulations as operations or works carried out in an offshore
area for the purpose of exercising a right conferred under a
petroleum title under the OPGGS Act or discharging an
obligation imposed on a titleholder by the OPGGS Act or
subordinate regulation. The titleholder is responsible for
determining if an activity meets the definition of ‘petroleum
activity’ under the Environment Regulations, and for
preparation of the Environment Plan for NOPSEMA
assessment.
An Environment Plan must demonstrate that impacts and
risks to the environment are reduced to as low as reasonably
practicable and managed to an acceptable level. The required
content of an Environment Plan is detailed within the
Environment Regulations (refer Division 2.3). These content
requirements include that titleholders consider impacts and
risks on matters of National Environmental Significance where
relevant. Matters of National Environmental Significance are
defined in the EPBC Act and further described below.
The Environment Plan must include an Oil Pollution
Emergency Plan (OPEP) to ensure that the range of credible
oil spill risks associated with the activity that have the
potential for environmental impact have been detailed,
evaluated and adequately prepared for, and that adequately
tested response measures are in place (refer Regulation 14 of
the Environment Regulations). The OPGGS Act also requires
that titleholders have sufficient financial assurance to meet
costs, expenses and liabilities associated with undertaking a
petroleum activity.
The Environment Regulations also require titleholders to
undertake consultation with ‘relevant persons’, defined (refer
to Regulation 11A) as persons whose functions, interests or
activities may be affected by the activities to be carried out.
Titleholders must, in the Environment Plan, include a report
on all consultations comprising a summary of consultation, an
assessment of the merits of any objection or claim, a
statement of the titleholder’s response to each, and the full
text of all correspondence and an assessment. The
implementation strategy for an Environment Plan must also
demonstrate adequate arrangements for ongoing stakeholder
consultation.
NOPSEMA will assess the titleholder’s Environment Plan and
decide to either ‘accept’ or ‘refuse to accept’ the Environment
Plan (refer to Regulation 10A for the acceptance criteria) then
subsequently monitor the titleholder’s continued compliance
with the accepted Environment Plan. Bidders should note that
NOPSEMA cannot accept an Environment Plan where the
activity, or part of the activity, would take place within the
boundaries of a declared World Heritage property.
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An ‘offshore project’ is defined in the Environment
Regulations as one or more activities that are undertaken for
the purpose of the recovery of petroleum, other than on an
appraisal basis, including any conveyance of recovered
petroleum by pipeline.
An Offshore Project Proposal is a high-level document that
describes the ‘whole-of-lifecycle’ of a proposed new
development and demonstrates that impacts and risks to the
environment of the proposed project would be managed an
acceptable level. The required content of an Offshore Project
Proposal is detailed within the Environment Regulations (refer
Regulation 5A). These content requirements include that
titleholders consider impacts and risks on matters of National
Environmental Significance where relevant. Matters of
National Environmental Significance are defined in the EPBC
Act and further described below.
Further information on NOPSEMA’s environmental
management authorisation process is available at:
http://www.nopsema.gov.au/environmental-management/
Consideration of matters of National Environmental
Significance under the OPGGS Act
Both Environment Plans and Offshore Project Proposals
require proponents to consider the potential impacts and risks
to matters of National Environmental Significance.
The Department of the Environment has developed an
interactive database to provide further information on matters
of National Environmental Significance (for example wetlands
of international importance, endangered and vulnerable
species, World and National Heritage areas). The database is
available at: http://www.environment.gov.au/epbc/pmst/.
Bidders should note that this advice, and the advice in the
Notices for Specific Areas, was produced during late 2013
and early 2014 and that information on matters of National
Environmental Significance, such as species location, timing
and habitat importance, may change over time as new
information becomes available.
Potential bidders are encouraged to consult this database
with respect to a permit area of interest before finalising their
bids. Potential bidders should consider the range of impacts
and risks to matters of National Environmental Significance
throughout the exploration, production and decommissioning
phases of a petroleum development activities and
greenhouse gas storage activities.
Many of the Release Areas are in proximity to sensitive
environments, including important habitat for threatened and
migratory species, wetlands of international importance,
World Heritage Areas, National Heritage Areas, or areas of
important ecological and heritage value in the Commonwealth
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Offshore Petroleum Exploration Acreage Release
marine environment. Activities proposed in these Release
Areas will be subject to a high level of environmental scrutiny,
and further assessment and an EPBC ACT approval may be
required.

Marine National Park Zone - mining operations (including
oil and gas exploration, development and other activities)
are not permitted. As mining operations, including
seismic activities, are not permitted within Marine
National Park Zones, and seismic vessels require a large
turning area, consideration should be given to application
of a buffer of at least 25 km between areas where
seismic operations are being undertaken and the
boundaries of Marine National Park Zones.

Sanctuary and Recreational Use zones - mining
operations (including oil and gas exploration,
development and other activities) are not permitted.
Further information on consideration of matters of National
Environmental Significance under the EPBC Act is considered
in the discussion on EPBC Act Assessment Processes below.
Detailed information on matters of National Environmental
Significance and associated requirements under the
Environment Regulations can be found in Chapter 7 of the
2014 Strategic Assessment Report of NOPSEMA’s
environmental management authorisation process at:
http://www.industry.gov.au/resource/UpstreamPetroleum/Offs
horePetroleumEnvironment/Documents/StrategicAssessment
Report.pdf.
Proponents are encouraged to consult with NOPSEMA early
in their planning processes should there be particular
environmental sensitivities of concern.
EPBC Act Environmental Assessment Process for
Commonwealth Marine Reserves
The Australian Government Director of National Parks is
responsible for the management of Commonwealth Marine
Reserves. Where the Director has not issued a class approval
in relation to activities within a Marine Park, that activity may
require separate assessment and approval.
Forty new Commonwealth Marine reserves were established
around Australia in November 2012. The management plans
that were scheduled to come into effect in July 2014 have
been set aside as part of the Australian Government’s
commitment to review the Commonwealth Marine reserves
program. Management plans will be developed for the Southwest, North-west, North and Temperate East reserve
networks and the Coral Sea Commonwealth Marine Reserve.
A management plan for the fourteen reserves in the Southeast Commonwealth Marine Reserves Network came into
effect on 1 July 2013. Many of the 2014 Release Areas
overlap Commonwealth Marine reserves. Areas of overlap
are identified in the Notices for Specific Areas.
For the 25 reserves which predated last year’s extension of
the Commonwealth Marine reserve network, the following oil
and gas activities may or may not be permitted within specific
zones of the Commonwealth Marine reserves under current
management arrangements:


Multiple Use Zone - mining operations (including oil and
gas exploration, development and other activities) may
occur subject to approval.
Special Purpose Zone - mining operations (including oil
and gas exploration, development and other activities)
may generally occur subject to approval except in
Special Purpose Zones (Oil and Gas Exclusion) where
they are not permitted.
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AUSTRALIA 2014
Bidders should carefully consider the management
arrangements for each individual Commonwealth Marine
reserve. Management zones are different between regional
networks of Commonwealth Marine reserves and individual
zoning schemes which detail the allowed activities should be
consulted.
If an existing approval is held to undertake activities within a
Commonwealth Marine reserve or the now-revoked Coral Sea
Conservation Zone, those activities may continue under the
terms of the existing approval and no additional administrative
requirements apply.
The new areas proclaimed in the Commonwealth Marine
reserves network include a range of different management
zones which will take effect with the commencement of the
management plans. Until new management plans come into
effect, transitional management arrangements will continue.
Under these transitional management arrangements, there
are no changes on the water for users in those areas that
were established as a reserve in November 2012. Mining
operations are allowed in these areas under the transitional
management arrangements by a general approval.
Current management arrangements for pre-existing and
former reserves (including areas within new reserves that
were formerly reserves) will also remain in place until the new
management plans come into effect.
More information on the location of the marine reserves, their
zoning and management planning processes can be found at:
http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/marine/marinereserves.
EPBC Act Environmental Assessment Process for
matters of National Environmental Significance
All activities must consider the impacts on the environment,
including matters of National Environmental Significance, and
the EPBC Act Environmental Assessment Process may apply
to activities excluded from streamlined arrangements;
activities that:

Have, will have or are likely to have a significant impact
on the environment on Commonwealth land;
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Offshore Petroleum Exploration Acreage Release


Are taken in any area of sea or seabed that is declared
to be a part of the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park under
the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Act 1975’
Have, will have or are likely to have a significant impact
on the world heritage values of the Great Barrier Reef
World Heritage property or on the national heritage
values of the Great Barrier Reef National Heritage place;

Are taken in the Antarctic; and

Are injection and/or storage of greenhouse gas.
In planning activities that are excluded from streamlined
arrangements, it is strongly recommended that sufficient time
be allowed for the EPBC Act referral process, as well as any
requests for further information, which suspends the referral
process and assessment and approval processes.
In these cases, additional time will be required for
assessment of the action and for the Minister to make a
decision whether to approve the taking of the action. The
timeframes for assessment processes are identified in the
EPBC Act and vary depending upon the type of assessment
required and the time taken to receive information from the
proponents to complete the assessment. Production activities,
exploration activities and greenhouse gas storage activities
that may have a significant impact on environmentally
sensitive areas are, in particular, more likely to require further
assessment and an approval decision under the EPBC Act.
Potential bidders are reminded that the awarding of petroleum
or greenhouse gas storage acreage under the OPGGS Act is
not a guarantee of approval under the EPBC Act. A referral
may result in a decision by the Minister that the action is
clearly unacceptable, or an assessment and approval process
may result in a decision to not approve the taking of the
action.
Information on the assessment process and statutory
timeframes can be viewed at:
http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/environmentprotection/environment-assessments/assessment-andapproval-process.
Further information on consideration of specific matters of
National Environmental Significance under the EPBC Act
Assessment Process follows, specifically in relation to:

Heritage Values;

Commonwealth Marine Areas and Commonwealth Land;

Indigenous Heritage Values;

Other protected matters;

The Historic Shipwrecks Act ;

Cetaceans; and

Marine Bioregional Planning.
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Heritage Values
Listed heritage values are protected and managed under a
range of Commonwealth powers.
World Heritage properties are sites that are recognised under
the World Heritage Convention as being of international
significance because of their outstanding universal natural
and/or cultural values. The World Heritage Committee makes
the final decision on whether a place is inscribed on the World
Heritage List (WHL).
Places on the WHL are protected under the EPBC Act as
matters of National Environmental Significance. Australia’s
WHL is maintained by the Department of the Environment,
and is available at:
http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/heritage/heritageplaces/world-heritage-list.
The National Heritage List (NHL) has been established to
include places of outstanding heritage significance to
Australia. The NHL comprises places with natural, historic
and/or Indigenous values. A place entered in the NHL is
known as a National Heritage place. Each place in the List
has been assessed by an independent body, the Australian
Heritage Council, to determine whether the place has national
heritage values. The Australian Government Environment
Minister makes the final decision on whether a place is listed.
Places in the NHL are protected under the EPBC Act as
matters of National Environmental Significance. The NHL is
compiled and maintained by the Department of the
Environment, and is available at:
http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/heritage/heritageplaces/national-heritage-list.
The Commonwealth Heritage List (CHL), established under
the EPBC Act, comprises natural, Indigenous and historic
heritage places entirely within a Commonwealth area or
outside the Australian jurisdiction and owned or leased by the
Commonwealth and which the Australian Government
Environment Minister is satisfied have one or more
Commonwealth Heritage values. The Minister makes the final
decision on whether to include a place in the CHL.
In addition, Australian Government agencies are required to
develop:

Heritage strategies;

A heritage register; and

Management plans for places on the CHL to protect the
heritage values of the Commonwealth Heritage Places
they own or lease.
The CHL is compiled and maintained by the Department of
the, Environment, and is available at
http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/heritage/heritageplaces/commonwealth-heritage-list. As of November 2013,
there are 100 places in the NHL, 19 places on the WHL and
397 places included in the CHL. These lists include some
offshore areas.
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Offshore Petroleum Exploration Acreage Release
New places are added to the lists on an ongoing basis. The
database should be investigated for relevant areas at:
http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/ahdb/search.pl. The
values of CHL places are protected by the EPBC Act as part
of the environment of Commonwealth lands and waters.
From February 2012, all references to the Register of the
National Estate (established in 1976 as a national inventory of
places of significant natural and/or cultural heritage) were
removed from the EPBC Act and the Australian Heritage
Council Act 2003. The Register now remains as an online
archive of information about Australia’s heritage places. The
EPBC Act continues to protect the heritage values of places
in the Register that are in Commonwealth areas or are
otherwise the responsibility of the Australian Government,
such as the heritage values of places in the NHL.
Although advice is provided on specific sites, prospective
bidders and proponents are encouraged to check each
release area for any sites relating to Australian government
heritage lists.
Commonwealth Marine Areas and Commonwealth Land
In Commonwealth marine areas and on Commonwealth land,
heritage values form part of the environment and are
considered under the EPBC Act. An Indigenous heritage
value does not need to be included on a list or register to be
considered under the definition of the environment in the
EPBC Act.
Indigenous Heritage Values
The Commonwealth Heritage management principles include
the principle that “Indigenous people are the primary source
of information on the value of their heritage and the active
participation of Indigenous people in identification,
assessment and management is integral to the effective
protection of Indigenous heritage values”. All future
proponents should refer to Ask First: A guide to respecting
Indigenous heritage places and values (Australian Heritage
Commission 2002), which can be viewed at:
http://www.environment.gov.au/heritage/ahc/publications/com
mission/books/ask-first.html, and actively engage the relevant
Indigenous people with rights or interests to ensure that
Indigenous heritage values are given appropriate
consideration.
Other protected matters
Potential bidders should also be cognisant of matters of
National Environmental Significance, such as, but not limited
to, wetlands of international importance (Ramsar), and
heritage places (including indigenous heritage values),
considerable distances from the acreage, that could
potentially be impacted in the event of a hydrocarbon spill.
Historic Shipwrecks Act 1976
The Commonwealth Historic Shipwrecks Act 1976 (Historic
Shipwrecks Act) protects all shipwrecks and associated relics
that are 75 or more years old, regardless of whether their
physical location is known. More recent shipwrecks may be
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AUSTRALIA 2014
declared as historic under the Historic Shipwrecks Act by the
Minister. The Historic Shipwrecks Act aims to ensure that
historic shipwrecks are protected for their heritage values and
maintained for recreational and educational purposes. It also
regulates activities that may result in the damage,
interference, removal or destruction of an historic shipwreck
or associated relic.
The Historic Shipwrecks Act also provides for protected
zones to be declared in order to enhance the protection of
historic shipwrecks and relics which are of special significance
or sensitivity or at particular risk of interference. Permits are
required to enter protected zones, which can cover an area
up to 200 hectares.
The jurisdiction of the Historic Shipwrecks Act is not limited to
Commonwealth marine areas as defined by the EPBC Act, as
it protects historic shipwrecks and associated relics found in
Australian waters from the low water mark to the edge of the
continental shelf, including the coastal waters of the
Australian States and Territories.
The requirements of the Historic Shipwrecks Act must be
taken into consideration when applying for any State, Territory
or Commonwealth planning approval for actions or
developments in these waters.
Any actions involving contact with the seabed, or operations
in close proximity to the seabed, have the potential to
damage, destroy or interfere with historic shipwrecks and it is
strongly recommended that proponents should seek
professional advice and develop risk mitigation strategies to
prevent committing an offence under the Historic
Shipwrecks Act.
When undertaking actions in the marine environment,
proponents and their contractors must conform to all
requirements of the Historic Shipwrecks Act and must:
a.
not damage, destroy or interfere with any historic
shipwrecks or relics that may be encountered during the
course of a proposed action without a permit;
b.
not enter or conduct activities within a shipwreck
protected zone without first obtaining a permit under the
Historic Shipwrecks Act;
c.
provide a written notification of the discovery of any
suspected shipwreck or shipwreck relics identified during
the course of the proposed action including:
i. a detailed description of the remains of the
shipwreck or of the relic. This could include sonar
images, electronic data and digital photographs;
and
ii. a description of the place where the shipwreck
remains or relic is located that is sufficiently
detailed to allow it to be identified and re-located
including navigation data and datum information.
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Offshore Petroleum Exploration Acreage Release
It should be noted that, although the Historic Shipwrecks Act
does not currently provide for the protection of the natural
environment associated with shipwrecks, these natural
components form an integral part of historic shipwreck sites
and are often critical to the long term preservation of
shipwrecks and relics. Damage to these natural components
can result in increased deterioration of shipwrecks and
consequently affect the shipwrecks role as a marine habitat.
Further information about the Historic Shipwrecks Act can be
found at: http://www.environment.gov.au/aggregation/historicshipwrecks.
Cetaceans and the EPBC Act
The 2014 Release Areas includes areas that are in, or in
proximity, to recognised cetacean migration corridors and
areas listed as biologically important areas – for feeding,
breeding, calving and resting.
Applicants should be aware that cetaceans are present in all
Australian marine waters, and should particularly note that
each year, endangered and migratory southern right whales
(Eubalaena australis) and vulnerable and migratory
humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) migrate to warm
waters off Australia to breed and calve. These movements
mostly occur between May and November however some
whales arrive earlier and leave later.
In Australia, endangered and migratory southern right whales
(Eubalaena australis) occupy calving/nursery grounds from
May to October (occasionally as early as April and as late as
November). During the months of November to May, the
endangered and migratory blue whale (Balaenoptera
musculus) is known to feed in certain locations in the
southern waters of Australia. While the specific migration
routes for the blue whale off Western Australia are uncertain,
they are thought to begin to migrate northward to the Timor
Sea from March/April to August, before returning south in
September/October to December to feed. Encounters in
nearby acreage release areas remain a distinct possibility.
Migratory inshore dolphin species are found all year round in
the tropical waters of northern Australia.
A policy statement on the interaction between offshore
seismic exploration and whales has been developed by the
Department of the Environment in consultation with the
petroleum industry, whale research scientists and
conservation groups. The EPBC Act Policy Statement 2.1 Interaction between offshore seismic exploration and whales
(September 2008) can be obtained at:
http://www.environment.gov.au/resource/epbc-act-policystatement-21-interaction-between-offshore-seismicexploration-and-whales.
The document outlines standard management measures
(Part A) that should be used at all times when operating in
Australian waters, and outlines additional management
measures (Part B), which should be used in areas where
there is a moderate to high likelihood of encountering whales.
It should be noted that the intention of Policy Statement 2.1 is
to reduce the likelihood that seismic surveys will result in
acoustic injury to whales and does not cover potentially
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AUSTRALIA 2014
significant behavioural impacts to whales, which may occur
when whales are calving, feeding, breeding or resting.
The Policy Statement 2.1 states that seismic surveys should
not be proposed in proximity to areas where and when
cetaceans are likely to be breeding, calving, resting or
feeding. Some proposed 2014 release areas in proximity to
areas where whales are engaged in critical lifecycle activities.
Activities and associated mitigation measures will need
careful consideration and may require mitigation measures to
be implemented which are beyond the scope of Policy
Statement 2.1.
The Biologically Important Areas for cetaceans in the five
marine regions are detailed in a Conservation Values Atlas
online at:
http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/marine/marinebioregional-plans/conservation-values-atlas.
Part 8 of the Environment Protection and Biodiversity
Conservation Regulations 2000 outlines the requirements for
all people interacting with cetaceans within Commonwealth
waters. The regulations specify how vessels, aircraft and
people must behave around these animals. For example,
vessels must not deliberately approach whales closer than
100 m. Within 300 m vessels must use caution and travel at
low speed. Touching or feeding whales and dolphins is
prohibited.
Further information is contained within the Australian National
Guidelines for Whale and Dolphin Watching 2005, which has
also been adopted by all States and Territories, and is
available at:
http://www.environment.gov.au/resource/australian-nationalguidelines-whale-and-dolphin-watching-2005.
Marine Bioregional Planning
A Marine Bioregional Planning Program has been
implemented under the EPBC Act. The two key outputs of the
Program are the development of four Marine Bioregional
plans, to guide decisions under the EPBC Act, and the
identification and establishment of a network of marine
reserves in Commonwealth waters, which has seen more
than 2.3 million square kilometres added to Australia’s
national network of marine protected areas.
Marine Bioregional plans were released in August 2012 for
the South-west, North-west, North and Temperate East
Marine Regions. The Marine Bioregional plans contain
detailed information in two schedules. These plans provide a
comprehensive description of the conservation values, the
pressures these values are under and priorities for further
effort and investment. They include a description of key
conservation and heritage priorities, as well as current and
emerging pressures on the marine environment. The plans
also provide advice to people wishing to undertake new
activities within Commonwealth waters about the relative risk
of significant impact that certain activities may represent for
matters of National Environmental Significance. The Marine
Bioregional Plan information is located at:
http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/marine/marinebioregional-plans
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Offshore Petroleum Exploration Acreage Release
Pressures on some of the conservation values relevant to the
oil and gas industry include:

For various cetaceans - chemical pollution/contaminants,
nutrient pollution, marine debris, noise pollution, physical
habitat modification, human presence at sensitive sites,
collision/entanglement with infrastructure, collision with
vessels and oil pollution;

For various marine turtles - marine debris, noise
pollution, nutrient pollution, changes to turbidity, light
pollution, invasive species, physical habitat modification
and collision with vessels;

For seasnakes - physical habitat modification and oil
pollution;

For various elasmobranches - chemical
pollution/contaminants, and marine debris; and

For various seabirds - chemical pollution/contaminants,
changes to turbidity, marine debris, human presence at
sensitive sites, human presence at sensitive sites,
physical habitat modification, invasive species, light
pollution and oil pollution.
The Marine Bioregional plans provide further details on the
pressures the conservation values are under at
http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/marine/marinebioregional-plans.
Many of the 2014 Release Areas overlap Key Ecological
Features which have been identified as part of marine
bioregional planning process. Key Ecological Features assist
in defining the Commonwealth marine environment, a matter
of National Environmental Significance under EPBC Act, and
are elements of the ecosystem that are considered to be of
regional importance for biodiversity or ecosystem function and
integrity. They include habitats, specific benthic or pelagic
features, species groups or ecological communities. Further
information about Key Ecological Features can be found at:
http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/marine/marinebioregional-plans/conservation-values-atlas.

For the Shelf break and slope of the Arafura Shelf –
changes in the sea temperature, marine debris, oil
pollution and physical habitat modification.
A number of the 2014 Release Areas also overlap with
Biologically Important Areas. Biologically Important Areas
spatially define areas where aggregations of individuals of a
species are known to display biologically important behaviour.
Five of the six species of marine turtle that are found in
Australian waters are known or may occur in the waters off
north and west Australia. These species include the
vulnerable green turtle (Chelonia mydas), endangered
loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta), endangered olive Ridley
turtle (Lepidochelys olivacea), endangered leatherback turtle
(Dermochelys coriacea) and vulnerable flatback turtle
(Natator depressus).
The waters off north and west Australia support important
nesting areas for green, hawksbill, loggerhead and flatback
turtles. Olive ridley turtles are known to forage in the northern
parts of the region but records indicate that they nest only
occasionally in the region.
Numerous migratory bird species are known to occur in this
area including red-footed booby, fairy tern and wedge-tailed
shearwater. Seabirds spend most of their lives at sea, ranging
over large distances to forage over the open ocean. Many of
these species also breed in and adjacent to the water of north
western Australia, including significant populations of terns,
shearwaters and boobies.
During their migration, shorebirds use a number of staging
areas as intermediate feeding sites to rest and restore energy
reserves. Within and adjacent to the region, there are a
number of sites which are of international or national
significance to shorebirds. Maps of Biologically Important
Areas (for species including cetaceans, marine turtles and
migratory birds) are available in the Conservation Values
Atlas online at:
http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/marine/marinebioregional-plans/conservation-values-atlas.
Fishing Activities
Pressures on some of the Key Ecological Features relevant to
the oil and gas industry include:

For the Ancient coastline at 125 m depth contour – noise
pollution;

For the Ancient Coastline at 90-120 m Depth Contour physical habitat modification;

For the Carbonate bank and terrace system of the Sahul
Shelf – changes in sea temperature, marine debris and
physical habitat modification;

For the Continental Slope Demersal Fish Communities physical habitat modification and changes in the sea
temperature;

For the Exmouth Plateau – physical habitat modification;
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AUSTRALIA 2014
The Australian Fisheries Management Authority (AFMA)
represents the interests of the Australian community in the
management of fisheries resources in Commonwealth waters.
AFMA is committed to the sustainable and economically
efficient use of fisheries resources and would like to minimise
the impact of offshore petroleum exploration on the
sustainability and productivity of fish stocks and any
operational conflicts between fishing and petroleum
exploration activities.
AFMA has developed Guidelines for the Petroleum Industry
which provides clarity about AFMA’s role and expectations in
relation to consultation. The Guidelines are provided as part
of a ‘one stop shop’ for the petroleum industry on AFMA’s
website (www.afma.gov.au). The Guidelines offer information
about fisheries and how to consult with the fishing industry,
which is required for the preparation of Environment Plans
under the Environment Regulations.
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Offshore Petroleum Exploration Acreage Release
The level of consultation will be dependent upon the type and
scale of the activity and subsequent likelihood of impact on
fishing. Any type of activity which could cause spatial or
temporal disturbance to fishing or scientific management
should be the subject of consultation. However, given the
large number of petroleum projects, AFMA requires industry
to consult directly only in relation to activities which might
have impacts at large scale e.g. pipelines and seismic
surveys.
In order for AFMA to consider the impact of large scale
proposals, clear maps with locations of proposed
developments (in latitude and longitude in datum WGS 1984)
and associated petroleum title references should be sent to
AFMA via email at: petroleum@afma.gov.au.
Consultation with the fishing industry should be undertaken in
respect of all activities (small and large) and early in the
planning stages of an exploration activity, well prior to
commencing operations. AFMA’s ‘one-stop-shop’ contains a
Fishing Consultation Directory of contacts for fishing industry
associations in each fishery (where they exist). In some
Commonwealth fisheries, there are no associations other than
the Commonwealth Fisheries Association. Another option for
petroleum operators is to access the names and addresses of
individual Commonwealth Statutory Fishing Rights, Fishing
Permit and High Seas Permit holders from the Public
Register, which can be obtained from AFMA Licensing for a
prescribed fee of $50 (per register).
Management Advisory Committees (MACs) provide AFMA
with advice regarding the management of individual fisheries,
including issues relating to other uses of the marine
environment. For the Western Deepwater Trawl and North
West Slope Trawl Fisheries, there are no MACs, however a
Western Trawl Consultative Panel does exist and meets when
necessary to discuss fishery wide issues. AFMA, MACs and
the broader fishing industry are concerned about some of the
impacts of petroleum exploration on the marine environment.
This is particularly important in the Commonwealth Trawl
Fishery, Great Australian Bight Trawl Fishery, Northern Prawn
Fishery, North West Slope Trawl Fishery and Western
Deepwater Trawl Fishery.
Australian Fisheries Management Authority
Policy, Environment, Economics and Research Section
Box 7051, Canberra BC
CANBERRA ACT 2610
Telephone: +61 2 6225 5555
Email: petroleum@afma.gov.au
Navigation
The Australian Maritime Safety Authority (AMSA) is a
Commonwealth agency responsible for maritime safety,
protection of the marine environment and maritime and
aviation search and rescue. Proponents should note that
significant commercial shipping will be encountered in some
Release Areas and collision risks and precautions must be
addressed in all cases. Detailed information is identified in the
Notices for Specific Areas.
Before commencing any exploration, drilling or development
operation, proponents must contact AMSA’s Nautical and
Regulation Section (Email: NauticalAdvice@amsa.gov.au)
with a view to obtaining shipping traffic data and to discuss
what anti-collision and/or preventative measures may be
required by AMSA. Such measures may include warning and
navigational lights, Automatic Identification System (AIS)
beacons and an offshore guard vessel that is able to monitor
traffic and ensure anti-collision action is taken in the event of
a vessel approaching on a collision course.
For exploration drilling including the use of Mobile Offshore
Drilling Units (MODU), proponents should take all possible
and practicable action to avoid any stationary/Dynamic
Positioning drilling activities, including the related drilling
exclusion zones, to be conducted within a chartered Shipping
Fairway.
Seismic surveys
Concerns continue to be expressed about the impact of
seismic surveys on the movements of migratory species, as
well as on schools of fish which may disperse for prolonged
periods following surveys. There are also specific anxieties
relating to the potential impact of seismic surveys on fish
populations, particularly when conducted over large areas or
entire reefs. AFMA encourages thorough consultation with
industry in relation to this issue. This is reflected in the
concerns and recommendations below for each of the
exploration areas. A joint fishing and petroleum industry
project is currently being conducted to assess the impact of
marine seismic surveys on southeast Australian scallop and
lobster fisheries. Results from the study are due in 2014.
Debris
AFMA wishes to stress the importance of removing debris,
and requests that proponents make every attempt to leave
exploration areas free of obstruction. In circumstances where
this is not practicable, any remaining debris should be
promptly reported to the relevant peak fishing industry bodies.
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AUSTRALIA 2014
For non-drilling exploration activities including hydrographic
surveys, 2D and 3D seismic surveys and bottom sampling,
proponents are requested to liaise closely with the Nautical
and Regulation Manager of AMSA regarding navigational
safety including identification of suggested preventative anticollision or avoidance measures. In addition to safety
measures, AMSA may recommend proposed changes to
survey run lines and/or modifications to proposed operational
areas within a title.
Exploration, drilling and development activities should be
avoided within, and in the approaches to, chartered Shipping
Fairways and are not permitted within International Maritime
Organisation adopted Traffic Separation Schemes.
Further information regarding ship safety is available at:
http://www.amsa.gov.au/navigation/shippingmanagement/offshore-activities/
Information regarding related spatial data requests including
digital data and map products can be found at:
http://www.amsa.gov.au/community/online-service.
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Offshore Petroleum Exploration Acreage Release
Telecommunication (Submarine) Cables
Submarine telecommunication cables carry the bulk of
Australia’s international voice and data traffic and are a vital
component of our national infrastructure linking Australia with
other countries. Submarine cables are vulnerable to damage
and breakage, which can have serious consequences for the
flow of information to and from Australia.
Native title rights and interests may include rights to:





The Department of Communications has responsibility for
Schedule 3A of the Telecommunications Act 1997, which is
administered by the Australian Communications Media
Authority.
The Telecommunications Act 1997 provides for submarine
cable protection zones to be declared around international
submarine cables that are considered to be of national
significance. Certain activities, including exploring for
resources and mining, are prohibited or restricted in
protection zones. There are currently three protection zones:
the North and South Sydney Protection Zones and the Perth
Protection Zone.
The 2014 Release Areas do not appear to be in the vicinity of
existing protection zones. However, the protection zone
regime does not cover domestic cables or all international
cables. Potential bidders are therefore urged to contact
submarine cable providers early in their planning processes to
ensure they do not inadvertently damage telecommunications
cables.
Particular attention should be paid to the JASURAUS cable,
operated by Telstra, which connects Port Hedland and
Indonesia. The relevant contact for the JASURAUS cable is:
Telstra
Mr Michael Costin
Telephone: (02) 8576 9111
Email: michael.b.costin@team.telstra.com.au
Live on the area;
Access the area for traditional purposes, like
camping or to do ceremonies;
Visit and protect important places and sites;
Hunt, fish and gather food or traditional resources
like water, wood and ochre; and
Teach law and custom on country.
In some cases, native title includes the right to possess and
occupy an area to the exclusion of all others (often called
‘exclusive possession’). This includes the right to control
access to, and use of, the area concerned. However, this right
can only be recognised over certain parts of Australia, such
as unallocated or vacant Crown land and some areas already
held by, or for, Indigenous people.
Native title rights and interests differ from Indigenous land
rights in that the source of land rights is a grant of title from
government. The source of native title rights and interests is
the system of traditional laws and customs of the native title
holders themselves.
The National Native Title Tribunal can be contacted at:
enquiries@nntt.gov.au.
Further Notices
Any further notices and related issues identified by the
Australian Government will be advised in the Australian
Petroleum News, a free occasional newsletter produced by
the Department of Industry. Stakeholders are encouraged to
register to receive this newsletter by emailing:
petroleum.exploration@industry.gov.au.
The mailing list is not used for any purposes other than
disseminating the Australian Petroleum News and notifying
registered parties of associated petroleum issues. There is no
charge for this service.
Insurance
Under the Offshore Petroleum and Greenhouse Gas Storage
Act 2006, successful applicants are required to maintain
adequate insurance against expenses or liabilities in relation
to activities pursuant to the exploration permit, including the
expenses of complying with directions with respect to
remedying the effects of the escape of petroleum.
Native Title
Native title is the recognition by Australian law that some
Indigenous people have rights and interests to their land that
come from their traditional laws and customs.
The native title rights and interests held by particular
Indigenous people will depend on both their traditional laws
and customs and what interests are held by others in the area
concerned. Generally speaking, native title must give way to
the rights held by others. The capacity of Australian law to
recognise the rights and interests held under traditional law
and custom will also be a factor.
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AUSTRALIA 2014
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Offshore Petroleum Exploration Acreage Release
NOTICES FOR SPECIFIC AREAS
RELEASE AREAS OFF THE NORTHERN
TERRITORY
Northern Bonaparte Basin
NT14-1 / NT14-2 / NT14-3
Environmental Protection
Commonwealth Marine Areas
Release Areas NT14-1 and NT14-2 are approximately 7 km
and Release Area NT14-3 is approximately 18 km from the
Oceanic Shoals Commonwealth Marine Reserve. The reserve
is a Multiple Use Zone (IUCN Category VI). The major
conservation values of this Commonwealth Marine Reserve
include:

Important inter-nesting area for the vulnerable and
migratory flatback turtle (Natator depressus) and
endangered and migratory olive ridley turtle
(Lepidochelys olivacea);

Important foraging area for the endangered and
migratory olive ridley turtle and loggerhead turtle (Caretta
caretta);

Examples of the ecosystems of the Northwest Shelf
Transition Province and the Timor Transition Province;
and

Four Key Ecological Features represented in this
reserve.
Further information about this and other Commonwealth
Marine Reserves in the larger proximity is located at:
http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/marine/marine-reserves
Key Ecological Features
The Oceanic Shoals Commonwealth Marine Reserve
overlaps with:

Carbonate Bank and Terrace System of the Van Diemen
Rise;

Carbonate Bank and Terrace System of the Sahul Shelf;

Pinnacles of the Bonaparte Basin; and

Shelf break and slope of the Arafura Shelf
Release Areas NT14-1 and NT14-2 are also within 100 km of
the Carbonate Bank and Terrace System of the Van Diemen
Rise Key Ecological Feature.
Release Area NT14-3 is within 100 km of Key Ecological
Features including the Carbonate Bank and Terrace System
of the Van Diemen Rise, the Pinnacles of the Bonaparte
Basin and the Shelf break and slope of the Arafura Shelf.
Biologically Important Areas
Release Areas NT14-1, NT14-2 and NT14-3 overlap with, or
are in proximity to, Biologically Important Areas for the
vulnerable and migratory vulnerable green (Chelonia mydas)
and flatback turtle and the endangered and migratory
loggerhead turtle and olive ridley turtle.
Biologically Important Areas are particularly important for the
conservation of protected species and where aggregations of
individuals of a protected species display biologically
important behaviour such as breeding, foraging, resting or
migration. The presence of the observed behaviour is
assumed to indicate that habitat required for the behaviour is
also present. For current information on species behaviours
and seasonality of species occurrence within Biologically
Important Areas, refer to the Conservation Values Atlas at:
http://www.environment.gov.au/coasts/marineplans/cva/index.
html.
The Marine bioregional plan for the North-west Marine Region
and North Marine Region provides regional advice for
proponents with respect to Biologically Important Areas and
Key Ecological Features (see
http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/marine/marinebioregional-plans).
Threatened and Migratory Species
A number of EPBC Act listed threatened and migratory
species are found in or near the Release Areas. Activities
planned for these Release Areas during biologically important
times for listed threatened and migratory species are likely to
be subject to close scrutiny under the EPBC Act.
Cetaceans
While these Release Areas are not within any known main
migration pathways or aggregation areas, cetaceans may be
present in the general area. Seismic activities should continue
to be planned in accordance with EPBC Act Policy Statement
2.1 – Interaction between offshore seismic exploration and
whales (September 2008).
Marine Turtles
which are Key Ecological Features in the North and
North-west Marine Regions. The values of these features
include enhanced productivity and unique sea-floor features
with ecological properties of regional significance.
Release Areas NT14-1 and NT14-2 overlap the Shelf break
and slope of the Arafura Shelf which is a Key Ecological
Feature in the North Marine Region. The values of this feature
include ecological significance associated with productivity.
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AUSTRALIA 2014
All six species of marine turtle that occur in Australia waters
occur in Release Areas NT14-1 and NT14-2. The endangered
and migratory loggerhead, olive ridley and leatherback
(Dermochelys coriacea) turtles are likely to occur in these
Release Areas. The vulnerable and migratory flatback, green
(Chelonia mydas) and hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata)
turtles are known or likely to occur in the Release Areas.
These marine turtles have important breeding, nesting and
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Offshore Petroleum Exploration Acreage Release
feeding areas throughout and adjacent to the North Marine
Region. The North Marine Region also supports globally
significant breeding populations of green, hawksbill and
flatback turtles.
Timor and Arafura Seas, Supplementary to the Agreement of
18 May 1971 (the 1972 Seabed Agreement); and the 1997
Treaty Establishing an Exclusive Economic Zone and Certain
Seabed Boundaries (the 1997 Perth Treaty).
Elasmobranchs
Release Areas NT14-1, NT14-2 and NT14-3 abut Australia’s
seabed boundary with Indonesia under the 1972 Seabed
Agreement and, to a large extent, lie in areas where
Indonesia’s water column jurisdiction overlaps with Australia’s
seabed jurisdiction under the 1997 Perth Treaty. While the
1997 Perth Treaty is not yet in force, the Australian
Government acts in accordance with its provisions, including
Article 7.
The migratory longfin mako (Isurus paucus) shark is likely to
occur in Release Areas NT14-1 and NT14-2.
Other listed threatened and migratory species may also occur
in these Release Areas.
Fishing Activities
Release Areas NT14-1, NT14-2 and NT14-3 are within the
Northern Prawn Fishery, Western Tuna and Billfish, Western
Skipjack Tuna and Southern Bluefin Tuna Fisheries ranges.
Historical AFMA logbook data for 2009 to 2013 indicates that
the Northern Prawn Fishery has been active in Release Areas
NT14-1 and NT14-2. It would be preferable if any petroleum
exploration activities could be conducted outside the Northern
Prawn Fishery seasons, which generally run from early March
to mid-June and from mid-August to December.
Additional information on the distribution of fishing effort in the
Northern Prawn Fishery (NPF) can be found in the NPF Data
Summary 2012 at:
http://www.afma.gov.au/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/NPFData-Summary-2012.pdf
AFMA recommends successful applicants liaise with
representatives of the above fishing interests at an early
stage in planning operational activities.
The Northern Territory Seafood Council advises that Release
Areas NT14-1 and NT14-2 are within the Timor Reef, Spanish
Mackerel and Offshore Net and Line Fisheries ranges
administered by the Northern Territory Government.
Successful bidders for Release Areas NT14-1 and NT14-2
are requested to notify the Northern Territory Seafood Council
following the award of the exploration permit, and consult with
the Council on the proposed work program activities for the
permit area to identify any potential conflicts with fishing
activities in the region.
Navigation
Moderate commercial shipping traffic will be encountered on
the shipping route from Darwin through the Timor Sea and up
through Pulau Pulau (Pu Pu Leti) to the Banda Sea. This
shipping route passes through these Release Areas.
Australia-Indonesia Maritime Boundaries
Australia and Indonesia have entered into a number of
agreements and arrangements relating to the maritime area
between Australia and Indonesia, including the 1971
Agreement Establishing Certain Seabed Boundaries (the
1971 Seabed Agreement) and the 1972 Agreement
Establishing Certain Seabed Boundaries in the Area of the
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AUSTRALIA 2014
Under Article 7(d) of the 1997 Perth Treaty, Australia is
required to notify Indonesia three months prior to the
proposed grant of exploration or exploitation rights in an area
of overlapping jurisdiction. However, while it is not a
requirement of the 1997 Perth Treaty to advise Indonesia
three months prior to the release of offshore acreage areas; in
the interests of transparency and good bilateral relations,
Australia does notify Indonesia at the time of the of the annual
Offshore Petroleum Acreage Release and again three months
prior to the grant of any exploration title.
Advice to Indonesia is coordinated through the Department of
Industry, the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade and the
Australian Embassy in Jakarta who deliver a third person note
to the Indonesian Government.
If exploration activity within these Release Areas involves the
construction of an installation or structure, the 1997 Perth
Treaty requires Australia to give Indonesia ‘due notice’.
A permanent means of giving warning of the installation or
structure’s presence must be maintained. An installation or
structure generally would be a structure which rests on, or is
fixed or connected to, the seabed.
For further information on the Perth Treaty please contact:
Manager – Offshore Exploration Section
Department of Industry
GPO Box 1564
Canberra ACT 2601
Email: petroleum.exploration@industry.gov.au
Telecommunications
Potential bidders should note the existence of two historic
submerged telegraph cables between Java and Darwin. One
cable has been successfully recorded on the seabed in the
Darwin harbour region. The second cable is thought to run
through the Sahul Shoals.
If either cable is located through exploration activities in these
Release Areas, explorers are requested to notify the Northern
Territory Government:
Senior Heritage Officer – Heritage Branch
Department of Lands, Planning and the Environment
GPO Box 1680
Darwin NT 0801
Telephone: (08) 8999 5041
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Offshore Petroleum Exploration Acreage Release
RELEASE AREAS OFF THE TERRITORY OF
ASHMORE AND CARTIER ISLANDS
Bonaparte Basin – Vulcan Sub-basin
AC14-1
Environmental Protection
Commonwealth Marine Areas
Release Area AC14-1 is not in close proximity to any
Commonwealth Marine Reserves, however proponents
should note that Commonwealth Marine Reserves in the
larger vicinity may also be impacted by petroleum industry
activities. Information about Commonwealth Marine Reserves
in the larger vicinity is located at:
http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/marine/marinereserves.
Key Ecological Features
Release Area AC14-1 is within 100 km of the Carbonate Bank
and Terrace System of the Sahul Shelf which is a Key
Ecological Feature in the North Marine Region.
Cetaceans
Release Area AC14-1 is potentially within the biologically
important migratory route of the endangered and migratory
blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus).Blue whales are known
to migrate northward to the Timor Sea passing Exmouth from
April to August, before returning southward from October to
December to feed. They tend to pass along the shelf edge at
depths of 500 m out to 1 000 m. Encounters in this acreage
release area are possible. Seismic activities should be
planned in accordance with EPBC Act Policy Statement 2.1 –
Interaction between offshore seismic exploration and whales
(September 2008).
Marine Turtles
All six species of marine turtle that occur in Australia waters
occur in Release Area AC14-1.The endangered and
migratory loggerhead (Caretta caretta), olive ridley
(Lepidochelys olivacea) and leatherback (Dermochelys
coriacea) turtles are likely to occur in this acreage release
area. The vulnerable and migratory flatback (Natator
depressus), green (Chelonia mydas) and hawksbill
(Eretmochelys imbricata) turtles are known or likely to occur in
this acreage release area. These marine turtles may feed or
travel through the Ashmore and Cartier Islands region on
breeding migrations.
Biologically Important Areas
Seasnakes
Release Area AC14-1 is within 20 km of a Biologically
Important Area for the vulnerable and migratory whale shark
(Rhincodon typus).
Biologically Important Areas are particularly important for the
conservation of protected species and where aggregations of
individuals of a protected species display biologically
important behaviour such as breeding, foraging, resting or
migration. The presence of the observed behaviour is
assumed to indicate that habitat required for the behaviour is
also present. For current information on species behaviours
and seasonality of species occurrence within Biologically
Important Areas, refer to the Conservation Values Atlas at:
http://www.environment.gov.au/coasts/marineplans/cva/index.
html.
The Marine bioregional plan for the North Marine Region
provides regional advice for proponents with respect to
Biologically Important Areas and Key Ecological Features
(see http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/marine/marinebioregional-plans).
Threatened and Migratory Species
A number of EPBC Act listed threatened and migratory
species are found in or near Release Area AC14-1. Activities
planned for these Release Areas during biologically important
times for listed threatened and migratory species are likely to
be subject to close scrutiny under the EPBC Act.
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AUSTRALIA 2014
Critically endangered short-nosed (Aipysurus apraefrontalis)
and leaf-scaled (Aipysurus foliosquama) seasnakes are likely
to occur in Release Area AC14-1. The reefs of the Sahul
Shelf provide important habitat for these critically endangered
seasnakes. In addition, the leaf-scaled seasnake is endemic
to the reefs in this region.
Elasmobranchs
The vulnerable and migratory whale shark has a Biologically
Important Area for foraging within 20 km of Release Area
AC14-1. Whale sharks are known to aggregate at Ningaloo
Reef between March and July, with northern migration from
Ningaloo to the Kimberley coast until the end of spring, along
the 200 m isobath. Interaction with whale sharks in Release
Area AC14-1 is more likely towards the end of the migration
period.
The migratory giant manta ray (Manta birostris) is also likely
to forage in the Biologically Important Area for whale sharks
given both these species are filter feeders and feed upon
plankton, krill and larvae. The migratory longfin mako (Isurus
paucus) and shortfin mako (Isurus oxyrinchus) sharks are
also likely to occur in Release Area AC14-1.
Other listed threatened and migratory species may also occur
in this Release Area.
14
Offshore Petroleum Exploration Acreage Release
Example EPBC Act Requirements
Australia-Indonesia Maritime Boundaries
This information is provided for illustrative purposes only and
must not be solely relied upon by explorers when making
commercial decisions.
Australia and Indonesia have entered into a number of
agreements and arrangements relating to the maritime area
between Australia and Indonesia, including the 1971
Agreement Establishing Certain Seabed Boundaries (the
1971 Seabed Agreement) and the 1972 Agreement
Establishing Certain Seabed Boundaries in the Area of the
Timor and Arafura Seas, Supplementary to the Agreement of
18 May 1971 (the 1972 Seabed Agreement); and the 1997
Treaty Establishing an Exclusive Economic Zone and Certain
Seabed Boundaries (the 1997 Perth Treaty).
Drilling of Exploration Wells

Drilling must be undertaken in accordance with an
Environment Plan, including an Oil Spill Contingency
Plan, accepted by the relevant authority and put in place
prior to commencement of drilling.

Drilling must be undertaken in accordance with a Well
Operations Management Plan that is accepted by the
relevant authority and in place prior to the
commencement of drilling.

Oil spill preparedness and response measures and
equipment described in the referral must be in place prior
to the proposed action commencing.

When using a Vertical Seismic Profiling (VSP) acoustic
source:
o
o
o
o
o
An Observation Zone of 3 km radius from the VSP
acoustic source must be implemented.
A Shut Down Zone of 500 m radius from the VSP
acoustic source must be implemented.
Suitably trained crew member must undertake visual
observations for whales within the observation zone
for at least 30 min before the commencement of the
soft start procedure
VSP source must be initiated at the lowest power
setting, with a gradual ramp-up over a 20 min period
While the VSP source is operating, maintain
continuous visual observations for any whales. If
whales are sighted within the observation zone,
place acoustic source on standby. If sighted within
shut down zone, shut down source completely.
Fishing Activities
Release Area AC14-1 is within the North West Slope Trawl
Fishery, Western Tuna and Billfish Fishery, Western Skipjack
Tuna and Southern Bluefin Tuna Fisheries ranges.
Historical AFMA logbook data for 2009 to 2013 indicates that
no vessels reported operating in this Release Area. As fishing
activity may vary from year to year, AFMA recommends
successful applicants liaise with representatives of the above
fishing interests at an early stage in planning operational
activities.
Release Area AC14-1 abuts Australia’s seabed boundary with
Indonesia under the 1972 Seabed Agreement and, to a large
extent, lie in areas where Indonesia’s water column
jurisdiction overlaps with Australia’s seabed jurisdiction under
the 1997 Perth Treaty. While the 1997 Perth Treaty is not yet
in force, the Australian Government acts in accordance with
its provisions, including Article 7.
Under Article 7(d) of the 1997 Perth Treaty, Australia is
required to notify Indonesia three months prior to the
proposed grant of exploration or exploitation rights in an area
of overlapping jurisdiction. However, while it is not a
requirement of the 1997 Perth Treaty to advise Indonesia
three months prior to the release of offshore acreage areas; in
the interests of transparency and good bilateral relations,
Australia does notify Indonesia at the time of the of the annual
Offshore Petroleum Acreage Release and again three months
prior to the grant of any exploration title.
Advice to Indonesia is coordinated through the Department of
Industry, the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade and the
Australian Embassy in Jakarta who deliver a third person note
to the Indonesian Government.
If exploration activity within these Release Areas involves the
construction of an installation or structure, the 1997 Perth
Treaty requires Australia to give Indonesia ‘due notice’.
A permanent means of giving warning of the installation or
structure’s presence must be maintained. An installation or
structure generally would be a structure which rests on, or is
fixed or connected to, the seabed.
For further information on the Perth Treaty please contact:
Manager – Offshore Exploration Section
Department of Industry
GPO Box 1564
Canberra ACT 2601
Email: petroleum.exploration@industry.gov.au
Navigation
A large portion of Release Area AC14-1 lies in the Sahul
Banks in the Timor Sea and borders the boundary of
Australia’s Exclusive Economic Zone. Low volume
commercial shipping traffic may be encountered centre of this
Release Area.
www.petroleum-acreage.gov.au
AUSTRALIA 2014
15
Offshore Petroleum Exploration Acreage Release
Browse Basin – Northern Caswell Sub-basin
AC14-2 / AC14-3 / AC14-4
Environmental Protection
Commonwealth Marine Areas
Release Areas AC14-2, AC14-3 and AC14-4 are located
approximately 16 km from the Cartier Island Commonwealth
Marine Reserve and 58 km from the Ashmore Reef
Commonwealth Marine Reserve.
The Cartier Island Marine Reserve is a Sanctuary Zone (IUCN
Category Ia). The Ashmore Reef Commonwealth Marine
Reserve has a Sanctuary Zone (IUCN Category Ia) and a
Recreational Use Zone (IUCN Category II). These Release
Areas are approximately 77 km from this zone. Mining
operations (including oil and gas exploration, development
and other activities) are not permitted in Sanctuary Zones.
The values of the Ashmore Reef Marine Commonwealth
Reserve and/or Cartier Island Commonwealth Marine
Reserve include:



International significance for its abundance and diversity
of seasnakes;
Critical nesting and inter-nesting habitat for the
vulnerable and migratory green turtle (Chelonia mydas),
supporting one of three genetically distinct breeding
populations in the North-west Marine Region;
Large and significant feeding populations of the green
and hawksbill turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata) and the
endangered and migratory loggerhead turtle (Caretta
caretta);

Supports a small migratory Dugong (Dugong dugon)
population that breeds and feeds around the reef, a
population that is thought to be genetically distinct from
other Australian populations;

Some of the most important seabird rookeries on the
North West Shelf including colonies of boobies, terns and
egrets;

Important staging points/feeding areas for many
migratory seabirds;

Ecosystems, habitats and communities associated with
the North West Shelf, Timor Province and emergent
oceanic reefs; and

One Key Ecological Feature represented in this reserve.
Further information about this Commonwealth Marine
Reserve and other Commonwealth Marine Reserves in the
larger vicinity is located at:
http://www.environment.gov.au/marinereserves/index.html
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AUSTRALIA 2014
Key Ecological Features
The Cartier Island Commonwealth Marine Reserve overlaps
the Ashmore Reef and Cartier Island and surrounding
Commonwealth waters which is a Key Ecological Feature in
the North-west Marine Region. The values of this feature
include high productivity and aggregations of marine life, and
high levels of endemism.
Release Areas AC14-3 and AC14-4 overlap the Continental
Slope Demersal Fish Communities which is a Key Ecological
Feature of the North-west marine region. The values of this
feature include high endemism of fish communities and
species diversity.
Release Areas AC14-2, AC14-3 and AC14-4 are also within
100 km of these Key Ecological Features:

Ancient Coastline at 125 m Depth Contour;

Ashmore Reef and Cartier Island and surrounding
Commonwealth waters; and

Carbonate Bank and Terrace System of the Sahul Shelf.
Biologically Important Areas
These Release Areas overlap with Biologically Important
Areas for:


Elasmobranchs: vulnerable and migratory whale
shark (Rhincodon typus); and
Birds: migratory greater frigatebird (Fregata minor),
lesser frigatebird (Fregata ariel), red-footed booby
(Sula sula), white-tailed tropicbird (Phaethon
lepturus) and wedge-tailed shearwater (Puffinus
pacificus).
Biologically Important Areas are particularly important for the
conservation of protected species and where aggregations of
individuals of a protected species display biologically
important behaviour such as breeding, foraging, resting or
migration. The presence of the observed behaviour is
assumed to indicate that habitat required for the behaviour is
also present. For current information on species behaviours
and seasonality of species occurrence within Biologically
Important Areas, refer to the Conservation Values Atlas at:
http://www.environment.gov.au/coasts/marineplans/cva/index.
html.
The Marine bioregional plan for the North-west Marine Region
provides regional advice for proponents with respect to
Biologically Important Areas and Key Ecological Features
(see http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/marine/marinebioregional-plans
Threatened and Migratory Species
A number of EPBC Act listed threatened and migratory
species are found in or near these Release Areas. Activities
planned for these Release Areas during biologically important
times for listed threatened and migratory species are likely to
be subject to close scrutiny under the EPBC Act.
16
Offshore Petroleum Exploration Acreage Release
Cetaceans
Release Areas AC14-2, AC14-3 and AC14-4 are outside the
biologically important migratory route of the endangered and
migratory blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus). However,
blue whales are known to migrate northward to the Timor Sea
from April to August, before returning south in October
through to December travelling along the 500 m to 1 000 m
contour. Encounters in these acreage release areas are
possible. Seismic activities should be planned in accordance
with EPBC Act Policy Statement 2.1 – Interaction between
offshore seismic exploration and whales (September 2008).
Marine Turtles
All six species of marine turtle that occur in Australian waters
occur in these Release Areas. The endangered and migratory
loggerhead (Caretta caretta), olive ridley (Lepidochelys
olivacea) and leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea) turtles are
likely to occur in these Release Areas. The vulnerable and
migratory flatback (Natator depressus), hawksbill
(Eretmochelys imbricate) and green (Chelonia mydas) turtles
are known or likely to occur in these Release Areas. The
green turtle has a Biologically Important Area for inter-nesting
within 20 km of these Release Areas. These marine turtles
may feed or travel through the Ashmore and Cartier Islands
region on breeding migrations.
Elasmobranchs
The vulnerable and migratory whale shark has a Biologically
Important Area for foraging overlapping these Release Areas.
Whale sharks are known to aggregate at Ningaloo Reef
between March and July, with northern migration from
Ningaloo to the Kimberley coast until the end of spring, along
the 200 m isobath. Interaction with whale sharks in these
Release Areas is more likely towards the end of the migration
period.
The migratory giant manta ray (Manta birostris) is also likely
to forage in the Biologically Important Area for whale sharks
given both these species are filter feeders and feed upon
plankton, krill and larvae.
The migratory longfin mako (Isurus paucus) and shortfin
mako (Isurus oxyrinchus) sharks are likely to occur in these
Release Areas.
Migratory Birds
Five species of migratory birds have a Biologically Important
Area for foraging overlapping these Release Areas; the
greater frigatebird, lesser frigatebird, red-footed booby, whitetailed tropicbird and wedge-tailed shearwater. In addition, the
vulnerable Australian lesser noddy (Anous tenuirostris
melanops) is known to occur in these Release Areas. These
species use Ashmore Reef to forage and breed at various
times throughout the year. Foraging from Ashmore Reef can
extend up to 500 km during the breeding season for some
species. Dispersal during the non-breeding season can vary
throughout the region.
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AUSTRALIA 2014
Other listed threatened and migratory species may also occur
in these Release Areas.
Ramsar Wetlands
These Release Areas are within 58 to 115 km of the Ashmore
Reef National Nature Reserve, which is listed as a wetland of
international importance (Ramsar listed wetland).
Ashmore Reef is the largest of only three atolls present within
the north-eastern Indian Ocean, and is the only oceanic reef
in the region with vegetated islands. The Reserve is
comprised of numerous marine habitats and supports a
regionally important and diverse range of species, including
47 species of migratory waterbirds. The Reserve has been
recognised internationally for its high diversity and density of
seasnakes, some of which are critically endangered. The
Ramsar site is also home to the migratory dugong (Dugong
dugon), highly diverse reef building corals and numerous
endemic species of fish and other marine invertebrate fauna.
Heritage
The Ashmore Reef National Nature Reserve is also listed on
the Commonwealth Heritage List. It is listed for its significance
as a staging point for wading birds migrating between
Australia and the northern hemisphere, its diversity of marine
habitats and habitat for three species of seasnakes with
restricted distribution.
The statement of significance and official values for this
location are available through the Australian Heritage
Database at: http://www.environment.gov.au/cgibin/ahdb/search.pl.
Any activities in these Release Areas, including seismic
surveys, and activities with associated risk of hydrocarbon
spills, are likely to be subject to close scrutiny under the
EPBC Act.
Fishing Activities
These Release Areas are within the North West Slope Trawl
Fishery, Western Tuna and Billfish Fishery, Western Skipjack
Tuna and Southern Bluefin Tuna Fisheries ranges.
Historical AFMA logbook data for 2009 to 2013 indicates that
the North West Slope Trawl Fishery has been active in the
release areas AC14-2, AC14-3 and AC14-4.
Additional information on the distribution of fishing effort in the
Northwest Slope Trawl Fishery can be found at:
http://www.afma.gov.au/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/WDTFand-NWSTF-harvest-strategy-review-2011.pdf
AFMA recommends successful applicants liaise with
representatives of the above fishing interests at an early
stage in planning operational activities.
17
Offshore Petroleum Exploration Acreage Release
MOU Box – Traditional Indonesian Fishermen
Release Areas AC14-3 and AC14-4 are wholly or partially
located in an area known as the ‘MOU Box’ and subject to the
1974 Australia-Indonesia Memorandum of Understanding
regarding the Operations of Indonesian Traditional Fishermen
in Areas of the Australian Exclusive Fishing Zone and
Continental Shelf.
The MOU provides a basis for traditional Indonesian fishing
access to the MOU Box within Australia’s north-western
exclusive economic zone. Specifically, Australia agrees to
refrain from applying its fisheries laws against traditional
Indonesian fisherman who conduct their operations in
accordance with the MOU.
Traditional fishers can be found in any part of the dedicated
MOU Box and in adjacent Australian waters where they may
stray from time to time. Their vessels are likely to have
“longlines” of 1-2 km long deployed, and diving is also known
to occur. The traditional fishermen do not carry
communication equipment and they are not known to use
navigation lights or radar reflectors. The vessels are not
motorised which limits their capacity to take evasive action.
The hulls are timber and present poor radar targets.
Indonesian fishermen target some species that are sedentary,
which are, at the harvestable stage, either immobile on or
under the seabed or are unable to move except in constant
physical contact with the seabed or the subsoil. This includes
trochus, beche de mer, abalone, green snail, sponges and
molluscs.
Based on these facts, caution is recommended when
operating in these Release Areas.
Navigation
The Osborne Passage Preferred Route is located in the top
north section of Release Area AC14-2 within graticular blocks
0556 and 0557 of the Brunswick Bay (SD51) Map Sheet. The
Osborne Passage is subject to east-west commercial
shipping traffic.
www.petroleum-acreage.gov.au
AUSTRALIA 2014
18
Offshore Petroleum Exploration Acreage Release
RELEASE AREAS OFF WESTERN
AUSTRALIA
Fishing Activities for All Areas Off Western
Australia
The Western Australia Department of Fisheries (Department
of Fisheries) provides the following advice in relation to
Commonwealth waters off Western Australia.
The Department of Fisheries notes that the following
commercial fisheries have reported fishing effort in the
Release Areas within the past five years:

Kimberley Gillnet and Barramundi;

Kimberley Prawn, Broome Prawn and Onslow Prawn;

Pilbara Fish Trawl and Trap

Mackerel;

Marine Aquarium;

Northern Demersal Scalefish;

Specimen Shell;

Pearl Oyster;

Abalone; and

South Coast Purse Seine and Salmon.
Customary, recreational and charter fishing may also occur
within the Release Areas. It is recommended that further
consultation be undertaken with the Department of Fisheries,
the Western Australia Fishing Industry Council, Australian
Fisheries Management Authority and Recfishwest, and that
potential bidders take note of the timing of regional
recreational fishing seasons and tournaments.
Any future petroleum activity that occurs within the areas as a
consequence of the exploration has the potential to impact on
the aquatic environment and fishing activities. It is therefore
expected that all due consultation will be carried out prior to
commencement of any activities. Explorers should also note
the biosecurity requirements for exploratory vessel
movements at: http://www.fish.wa.gov.au/Sustainability-andEnvironment/Aquatic-Biosecurity/Pages/default.aspx
Potential bidders should also take note of the Guidance
Statement for the Oil and Gas Industry Consultation with the
Department of Fisheries 2013.
The native title rights and interests held by particular
Indigenous people will depend on both their traditional laws
and customs and what interests are held by others in the area
concerned. Generally speaking, native title must give way to
the rights held by others. The capacity of Australian law to
recognise the rights and interests held under traditional law
and custom will also be a factor.
Native title rights and interests may include rights to:





Live on the area;
Access the area for traditional purposes, like
camping or to do ceremonies;
Visit and protect important places and sites;
Hunt, fish and gather food or traditional resources
like water, wood and ochre; and
Teach law and custom on country.
In some cases, native title includes the right to possess and
occupy an area to the exclusion of all others (often called
‘exclusive possession’). This includes the right to control
access to, and use of, the area concerned. However, this right
can only be recognised over certain parts of Australia, such
as unallocated or vacant Crown land and some areas already
held by, or for, Indigenous Australians.
Native title rights and interests differ from Indigenous land
rights in that the source of land rights is a grant of title from
government. The source of native title rights and interests is
the system of traditional laws and customs of the native title
holders themselves.
The Kimberley Land Council (KLC) is the representative body
for a number of Release Areas across Northern Western
Australia waters. The KLC emphasise the importance of
recognising traditional owner groups as stakeholders, and in
the event that the proposed release of acreage may affect
their native title rights and interests, the traditional owners
should be included in the consultation process prior to any
works being carried out in the area.
Further information is available at:
http://www.nntt.gov.au/News-andCommunications/Publications/Documents/Brochures/Native%
20title%20an%20overview.pdf and
http://www.ag.gov.au/LegalSystem/NativeTitle/Pages/default.
aspx. The list of Representative Bodies is at:
https://www.ntrb.net/PublicPages/NTRBmap.aspx
Bonaparte Basin – Petrel Sub-basin
Further advice can be found at: http://www.recfishwest.org.au/
and http://www.wafic.com.au/
W14-1
Native Title
Environmental Protection
Native title is the recognition by Australian law that some
Indigenous people have rights and interests to their land that
come from their traditional laws and customs.
Commonwealth Marine Areas
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AUSTRALIA 2014
Release Area W14-1 is approximately 14 km from Oceanic
Shoals Commonwealth Marine Reserve, 22 km from the
Kimberley Commonwealth Marine Reserve and 68 km from
the Joseph Bonaparte Gulf Commonwealth Marine Reserve.
19
Offshore Petroleum Exploration Acreage Release
The Oceanic Shoals Commonwealth Marine Reserve is a
Multiple Use Zone (IUCN Category VI). The major
conservation values of the Oceanic Shoals Commonwealth
Marine Reserve include:




Important inter-nesting area for the vulnerable and
migratory flatback (Natator depressus) and endangered
and migratory olive ridley (Lepidochelys olivacea) turtles;
Important foraging area for the endangered and
migratory olive ridley and loggerhead (Caretta caretta)
turtles;
Examples of the ecosystems of the Northwest Shelf
Transition Province and the Timor Transition Province;
and
Four Key Ecological Features represented in this
reserve.
The Kimberley Commonwealth Marine Reserve is a Multiple
Use Zone (IUCN Category VI). The major conservation values
of the Kimberley Commonwealth Marine Reserve include:

Important foraging areas for migratory seabirds and
dugongs (Dugong dugon), dolphins and threatened and
migratory marine turtles;

Important migration pathway and nursery areas for the
vulnerable and migratory humpback whale (Megaptera
novaeangliae);

Adjacent to important foraging and pupping areas for
sawfish and important nesting sites for green (Chelonia
mydas) turtle;

Examples of the shallow water ecosystems and
communities of the Northwest Shelf Transition Province;
and

One Key Ecological Feature represented in this reserve.
Further information about these and other Commonwealth
Marine Reserves in the larger proximity is located at:
http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/marine/marinereserves.
Key Ecological Features
The Oceanic Shoals Commonwealth Marine Reserve
overlaps with:

Carbonate Bank and Terrace System of the Van Diemen
Rise;

Carbonate Bank and Terrace System of the Sahul Shelf;

Pinnacles of the Bonaparte Basin; and

Shelf break and slope of the Arafura Shelf
which are Key Ecological Features in the North and
North-west Marine Regions. The values of these features
include enhanced productivity and unique sea-floor features
with ecological properties of regional significance.
The Kimberley Commonwealth Marine Reserve overlaps with:

Ancient Coastline at 125 m Depth Contour; and

Continental Slope Demersal Fish Communities
which are Key Ecological Features in the North-west Marine
Region. The values of these areas include unique high levels
of endemism, species diversity and a nutrient-rich
environment.

Protection for the communities and habitats of waters
offshore of the Kimberley coastline ranging in depth from
less than 15 m to 800 m;

Continental shelf, slope, plateau, pinnacle, terrace, banks
and shoals and deep hole/valley seafloor features
represented in this reserve;
The Joseph Bonaparte Gulf Commonwealth Marine Reserve
overlaps the Carbonate Bank and Terrace System of the
Sahul Shelf, which is a Key Ecological Feature in the Northwest Marine Region. The values of this feature include
enhanced productivity and biodiversity.

Examples of the communities and seafloor habitats of the
Northwest Shelf Transition Province and Timor Province
provincial bioregions along with the Kimberley, Canning,
Northwest Shelf and Oceanic Shoals meso-scale
bioregions; and
Release Area W14-1 overlaps the Carbonate Bank and
Terrace system of the Sahul Shelf, which is a Key Ecological
Feature in the North-west Marine Region.
Biologically Important Areas

Two Key Ecological Features represented in this reserve.
The Joseph Bonaparte Gulf Commonwealth Marine Reserve
is a Multiple Use Zone (IUCN Category VI). The major
conservation values of the Joseph Bonaparte Gulf Marine
Reserve include:

Important foraging areas for the migratory Australian
snubfin dolphin (Orcaella heinsohni), the endangered
and migratory olive ridley turtle and vulnerable and
migratory green turtle;
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AUSTRALIA 2014
Release Area W14-1 overlaps with Biologically Important
Areas for the following species:

Marine turtles: endangered and migratory loggerhead
and olive ridley turtles, and vulnerable and migratory
green and flatback turtles; and

Birds: migratory lesser crested tern (Sterna bengalensis).
20
Offshore Petroleum Exploration Acreage Release
Release Area W14-1 is also within 20 km of Biologically
Important Areas for the following species:

Cetaceans: migratory Australian snubfin dolphin; and

Birds: migratory lesser frigatebird (Fregata ariel).
Crocodiles
The migratory saltwater crocodile (Crocodylus porosus)
traverse the North Marine Region and is likely to occur in
Release Area W14-1.
Elasmobranchs
Biologically Important Areas are particularly important for the
conservation of protected species and where aggregations of
individuals of a protected species display biologically
important behaviour such as breeding, foraging, resting or
migration. The presence of the observed behaviour is
assumed to indicate that habitat required for the behaviour is
also present. For current information on species behaviours
and seasonality of species occurrence within Biologically
Important Areas, refer to the Conservation Values Atlas at:
http://www.environment.gov.au/coasts/marineplans/cva/index.
html.
The Marine bioregional plan for the North-west Marine Region
and North Marine Region provides regional advice for
proponents with respect to Biologically Important Areas and
Key Ecological Features (see
http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/marine/marinebioregional-plans
Threatened and Migratory Species
A number of EPBC Act listed threatened and migratory
species are found in or near Release Area W14-1. Activities
planned for Release Area W14-1 during biologically important
times for listed threatened and migratory species are likely to
be subject to close scrutiny under the EPBC Act.
Cetaceans
The vulnerable and migratory humpback whale is unlikely to
occur in Release Area W14-1 in high numbers. Humpback
whales breed and calve along the Kimberley coast from the
Lacepede Islands to north of Camden Sound. Humpback
whales migrate south from August to November, and stop to
rest in Exmouth Gulf, Shark Bay and adjacent areas. Seismic
activities should be planned in accordance with EPBC Act
Policy Statement 2.1 – Interaction between offshore seismic
exploration and whales (September 2008).
The migratory Australian snubfin dolphin has a Biologically
Important Area for breeding, calving, foraging and resting
within 20 km of this acreage release area, all year round. In
addition, the migratory spotted bottlenose dolphin (Megaptera
novaeangliae) is likely to occur in this Release Area.
Marine Turtles
Four of the six species of marine turtle that occur in Australia
waters have a Biologically Important Area for foraging
overlapping the acreage release area. They are the
endangered and migratory loggerhead and olive ridley turtles,
and the vulnerable and migratory flatback and green turtles.
In addition, the endangered and migratory leatherback
(Dermochelys coriacea) turtle and the vulnerable and
migratory hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata) turtle are also
known or likely to occur in Release Area W14-1.
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AUSTRALIA 2014
The migratory longfin mako (Isurus paucus) and shortfin
mako (Isurus oxyrinchus) sharks are likely to occur in W14-1.
Migratory Birds
The migratory lesser crested tern (Sterna bengalensis) has a
Biologically Important Area for foraging and breeding
overlapping Release Area W14-1. The migratory lesser
frigatebird also has a Biologically Important Area for foraging
within 20 km of this Release Area. In addition, the fork-tailed
swift (Apus pacificus) is likely to occur in this Release Area.
Other listed threatened and migratory species may also occur
in this Release Area.
Heritage
Release Area W14-1 borders the West Kimberly National
Heritage place, which covers 19 200 000 ha including the
Kimberley coast and islands. The West Kimberly National
Heritage place is listed for its outstanding natural and cultural
values. This includes ancient geology, biological richness, its
rich and dynamic aboriginal culture, pastoral and pearling
history and early European exploration.
The statement of significance and official values for these
locations are available through the Australian Heritage
Database at: http://www.environment.gov.au/cgibin/ahdb/search.pl. The statement of outstanding universal
value for the West Kimberly National Heritage List can be
found at: http://www.environment.gov.au/node/19706.
Any activities in this area, including seismic surveys, and
activities with associated risk of hydrocarbon spills, are likely
to be subject to close scrutiny under the EPBC Act.
Example EPBC Act Requirements
This information is provided for illustrative purposes only and
must not be solely relied upon by explorers when making
commercial decisions.
Seismic Survey

A 2 km low power zone must be implemented during all
seismic operations to minimise impacts to whales;

Two dedicated Marine Mammal Observers (MMO) must
be employed on board the seismic vessel for the duration
of the survey. At least one MMO must be observing for
whales on the seismic vessel during all daylight hours
o
At night time or other times of low visibility, start-up
of the acoustic source may be commenced provided
that there have not been three or more blue whale
21
Offshore Petroleum Exploration Acreage Release
o


instigated power down or shut down situations
during the preceding 24 hr period.
If the survey experience three or more blue whale
shutdowns in a 24 hr period, seismic operations
must not be undertaken thereafter at night time or
during low visibility conditions until there has been a
24 hr period which included seismic operations
during daylight hours and good visibility conditions
during which there are no blue whale instigated
shutdowns.
If the olive ridley turtle, green turtle or an unidentified
marine turtle is observed within 500 m of the seismic
source, a 500 m shutdown zone must be implemented in
the same manner as per whales.
If the Australian snubfin dolphin or an unidentified
dolphin is observed within 500 m of the seismic source, a
500 m shutdown zone must be implemented in the same
manner as per whales.
Release Area also intersects the Kimberley Gillnet and
Barramundi Limited Entry, Kimberley Prawn, Mackerel,
Marine Aquarium, Northern Demersal Scalefish, Specimen
Shell and Pearl Oyster Fisheries ranges.
Historical AFMA logbook data for 2009 to 2013 indicates that
the Northern Prawn Fishery has been very active in Release
Area W14-1. It would be preferable if any petroleum
exploration activities could be conducted outside the Northern
Prawn Fishery seasons, which generally run from early March
to mid-June and from mid-August to December.
Additional information on the distribution of fishing effort in the
Northern Prawn Fishery (NPF) can be found in the NPF Data
Summary 2012 at:
http://www.afma.gov.au/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/NPFData-Summary-2012.pdf
Drilling of Exploration/Appraisal Wells
As fishing activity may vary from year to year, AFMA
recommends successful applicants liaise with representatives
of the above fishing interests at an early stage in planning
operational activities.

Navigation
Drilling must be undertaken in accordance with an
Environment Plan, including an Oil Spill Contingency
Plan, accepted by the relevant authority and put in place
prior to commencement of drilling.

Drilling must be undertaken in accordance with a Well
Operations Management Plan that is accepted by the
relevant authority and in place prior to the
commencement of drilling.

Oil spill preparedness and response measures and
equipment described in the referral must be in place prior
to the proposed action commencing.

Low volume coastal shipping traffic passes through Release
Area W14-1 travelling between Darwin and Cape
Londonderry. The vessel traffic patterns are generally in a
north-easterly/south-westerly direction from between
graticular blocks 1310 and 1382 of the Darwin (SD52) Map
Sheet.
Browse Basin – Caswell Sub-basin
When using a Vertical Seismic Profiling (VSP) acoustic
source:
o
o
o
o
o
An Observation Zone of 3 km radius from the VSP
acoustic source must be implemented.
A Shut Down Zone of 500 m radius from the VSP
acoustic source must be implemented.
Suitably trained crew member must undertake visual
observations for whales within the observation zone
for at least 30 min before the commencement of the
soft start procedure
VSP source must be initiated at the lowest power
setting, with a gradual ramp-up over a 20 min period
While the VSP source is operating, must maintain
continuous visual observations for any whales
present. If whales are sighted within the observation
zone, place acoustic source on standby. If whale
sighted within shut down zone, shut down source
completely.
W14-2 / W14-3 / W14-4 / W14-5 / W14-23
Environmental Protection
Commonwealth Marine Areas
Release Areas W14-2, W14-3 and W14-23 are approximately
81 km from the Cartier Island Commonwealth Marine Reserve
and 83 km from the Kimberley Commonwealth Marine
Reserve.
The Cartier Island Commonwealth Marine Reserve is a
Sanctuary Zone (IUCN Category Ia). Mining operations
(including oil and gas exploration, development and other
activities) are not permitted in Sanctuary Zones. The values of
Cartier Island Commonwealth Marine Reserve include:

International significance for its abundance and diversity
of seasnakes;

Critical nesting and inter-nesting habitat for the
vulnerable and migratory green turtle (Chelonia mydas),
supporting one of three genetically distinct breeding
populations in the North-west Marine Region;

Large and significant feeding populations of the green
and hawksbill turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata) and the
endangered and migratory loggerhead turtle (Caretta
caretta);
Fishing Activities
AFMA advises that Release Area W14-1 is within the
Northern Prawn Fishery, Western Tuna and Billfish, Western
Skipjack Tuna and Southern Bluefin Tuna Fisheries ranges.
The Western Australian Government advises that this
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AUSTRALIA 2014
22
Offshore Petroleum Exploration Acreage Release

Supports a small migratory dugong (Dugong dugon)
population that breeds and feeds around the reef, a
population that is thought to be genetically distinct from
other Australian populations;

Some of the most important seabird rookeries on the
North West Shelf including colonies of boobies, terns and
egrets;

Important staging points/feeding areas for many
migratory seabirds;

Ecosystems, habitats and communities associated with
the North West Shelf, Timor Province and emergent
oceanic reefs; and

One Key Ecological Feature represented in this reserve.
The Kimberley Commonwealth Marine Reserve is a Multiple
Use Zone (IUCN Category VI). The major conservation values
of the Kimberley Commonwealth Marine Reserve include:
Key Ecological Features
The Cartier Island Commonwealth Marine Reserve overlaps
the Ashmore Reef and Cartier Island and surrounding
Commonwealth waters Key Ecological Feature in the Northwest Marine Region. The values of this feature include high
productivity and aggregations of marine life, and high levels of
endemism.
The Kimberley Commonwealth Marine Reserve overlaps the
ancient coastline at 125 m depth contour and the Continental
Slope Demersal Fish Communities, which are Key Ecological
Features in the North west Marine Regions. The values of
these features include unique sea-floor features with
ecological properties of regional significance and high levels
of endemism.
Release Areas W14-2, W14-3, W14-4, W14-5 and W14-23
overlap with the Continental Slope Demersal Fish
Communities. The values of this feature include high
endemism of fish communities and species diversity.

Important foraging areas for migratory seabirds and
dugongs (Dugong dugon), dolphins and threatened and
migratory marine turtles;
Release Area W14-2 also overlaps the Ancient Coastline at
125 m depth contour. Both of these are Key Ecological
Features in the North-west Marine Region.

Important migration pathway and nursery areas for the
vulnerable and migratory humpback whale (Megaptera
novaeangliae);
Biologically Important Areas

Adjacent to important foraging and pupping areas for
sawfish and important nesting sites for green (Chelonia
mydas) turtle;

Protection for the communities and habitats of waters
offshore of the Kimberley coastline ranging in depth from
less than 15 m to 800 m;

Continental shelf, slope, plateau, pinnacle, terrace, banks
and shoals and deep hole/valley seafloor features
represented in this reserve;

Examples of the communities and seafloor habitats of the
Northwest Shelf Transition Province and Timor Province
provincial bioregions along with the Kimberley, Canning,
Northwest Shelf and Oceanic Shoals meso-scale
bioregions; and

Two Key Ecological Features represented in this reserve.
Release Areas W14-4 and W14-5 are not within 100 km of
any Commonwealth Marine Reserve, however proponents
should note that Commonwealth Marine Reserves in the
larger vicinity may also be impacted by petroleum industry
activities.
Further information about these and other Commonwealth
Marine Reserves in the larger proximity is located at:
http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/marine/marinereserves.
www.petroleum-acreage.gov.au
AUSTRALIA 2014
Release Areas W14-2, W14-3 and W14-23 overlap with
Biologically Important Area for the vulnerable and migratory
whale shark (Rhincodon typus).
Biologically Important Areas are particularly important for the
conservation of protected species and where aggregations of
individuals of a protected species display biologically
important behaviour such as breeding, foraging, resting or
migration. The presence of the observed behaviour is
assumed to indicate that habitat required for the behaviour is
also present. For current information on species behaviours
and seasonality of species occurrence within Biologically
Important Areas, refer to the Conservation Values Atlas at:
http://www.environment.gov.au/coasts/marineplans/cva/index.
html.
The Marine bioregional plan for the North-west Marine Region
provides regional advice for proponents with respect to
Biologically Important Areas and Key Ecological Features
(see http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/marine/marinebioregional-plans
Threatened and Migratory Species
A number of EPBC Act listed threatened and migratory
species are found in or near the Release Areas. Activities
planned for these Release Areas during biologically important
times for listed threatened and migratory species are likely to
be subject to close scrutiny under the EPBC Act.
Cetaceans
While these Release Areas are not within any known main
migration pathways or aggregation areas, cetaceans may be
present in the general area.
23
Offshore Petroleum Exploration Acreage Release
Seismic activities should continue to be planned in
accordance with EPBC Act Policy Statement 2.1 – Interaction
between offshore seismic exploration and whales (September
2008).

Between 1 July–31 Oct, seismic source must not be
discharged in waters less than 200 m in depth.

Refuelling of the seismic vessel and any support vessels
must not be undertaken within a distance of 25 km of any
emergent land or shallow water features (20 m or less).

Any waste or bilge water must be discharged greater
than 3 nautical miles from the outer boundaries of Scott
Reef and Seringapatam Reef.

Untreated sewage must be discharged greater than
12 nautical miles from the outer boundaries of Scott Reef
and Seringapatam Reef.

Ballast water exchange must occur greater than
12 nautical miles from the outer boundaries of Scott Reef
and Seringapatam Reef.
Marine turtles
All six species of marine turtle that occur in Australian waters
are likely to occur in these Release Areas. They are the
endangered and migratory loggerhead, olive ridley
(Lepidochelys olivacea) and leatherback (Dermochelys
coriacea) turtles and the vulnerable and migratory flatback
(Natator depressus), green and hawksbill turtles.
Elasmobranchs
The vulnerable and migratory whale shark has a Biologically
Important Area for foraging overlapping Release Areas
W14-2, W14-3 and W14-23. Whale sharks are known to
aggregate at Ningaloo Reef between March and July, with
northern migration from Ningaloo to the Kimberley coast until
the end of spring, along the 200 m isobath. Interaction with
whale sharks in these Release Areas is more likely towards
the end of the migration period.
Bathymetry and Geochemical Seabed Sampling

A low power zone must be implemented during the use
of sub-bottom profiling systems to minimise impacts to
whales.

One dedicated Marine Fauna Observer must be
employed on board the sub-bottom profiling vessel for
the duration of the survey, for blue whale, whale shark
and unidentified whales during daylight hours.

If whale sharks observed within 500 m of sub-bottom
profiling sources, a 500 m shutdown zone must be
implemented.
This information is provided for illustrative purposes only and
must not be solely relied upon by explorers when making
commercial decisions.

Refuelling must not take place within 12 nautical miles of
the outer boundaries of Ashmore Reef or Cartier Island,
or if it does, within completely bunded areas.
Seismic Survey

Sewage, waste or bilge water not to be discharged within
12 nautical miles of the nearest land.

Ballast water exchange must occur at least 12 nautical
miles from the nearest land.
The migratory longfin mako (Isurus paucus) and shortfin
mako (Isurus oxyrinchus) sharks are likely to occur in Release
Areas W14-2, W14-3, W14-4, W14-5 and W14-23.
Other listed threatened and migratory species may also occur
in these Release Areas.
Example EPBC Act Requirements


A 2 km low power zone must be implemented during all
seismic operations to minimise impacts to whales;
Two dedicated Marine Mammal Observers (MMO) must
be employed on board the seismic vessel for the duration
of the survey. At least one MMO must be observing for
whales on the seismic vessel during all daylight hours;
o
o
At night time or other times of low visibility, start-up
of the acoustic source may be commenced provided
that there have not been three or more blue whale
instigated power down or shut down situations
during the preceding 24 hr period.
If the survey experience three or more blue whale
shutdowns in a 24 hr period, seismic operations
must not be undertaken thereafter at night time or
during low visibility conditions until there has been a
24 hr period which included seismic operations
during daylight hours and good visibility conditions
during which there are no blue whale instigated
shutdowns.
www.petroleum-acreage.gov.au
AUSTRALIA 2014
Drilling of Exploration Wells

Drilling must be undertaken in accordance with an
Environment Plan, including an Oil Spill Contingency
Plan, accepted by the relevant authority and put in place
prior to commencement of drilling.

Drilling must be undertaken in accordance with a Well
Operations Management Plan that is accepted by the
relevant authority and in place prior to the
commencement of drilling.

Oil spill preparedness and response measures and
equipment described in the referral must be in place prior
to the proposed action commencing.
24
Offshore Petroleum Exploration Acreage Release

When using a Vertical Seismic Profiling (VSP) acoustic
source:
o
o
o

Suitably trained crew member must undertake visual
observations for whales within the observation zone
for at least 30 min before the commencement of the
soft start procedure.
VSP source must be initiated at the lowest power
setting with a gradual ramp-up over a 20 min period.
While the VSP source is operating, must maintain
continuous visual observations for any whales
present. If whales are sighted within the observation
zone – place acoustic source on standby. If whale
sighted within shut down zone –shut down source
completely.
During periods of low visibility including night-time, VSP
source may be used provided that during the preceding
24 hr period there have not been three or more whale
instigated shut-downs, and a 2 hr period of continual
observations was undertaken in good visibility and no
whales had been sighted.
The MOU provides a basis for traditional Indonesian fishing
access to the MOU Box within Australia’s north-western
exclusive economic zone. Specifically, Australia agrees to
refrain from applying its fisheries laws against traditional
Indonesian fisherman who conduct their operations in
accordance with the MOU.
Traditional fishers can be found in any part of the dedicated
MOU Box and in adjacent Australian waters where they may
stray from time to time. Their vessels are likely to have
“longlines” of 1-2 km long deployed, and diving is also known
to occur. The traditional fishermen do not carry
communication equipment and they are not known to use
navigation lights or radar reflectors. The vessels are not
motorised which limits their capacity to take evasive action.
The hulls are timber and present poor radar targets.
Indonesian fishermen target some species that are sedentary,
which are, at the harvestable stage, either immobile on or
under the seabed or are unable to move except in constant
physical contact with the seabed or the subsoil. This includes
trochus, beche de mer, abalone, green snail, sponges and
molluscs.
Fishing Activities
AFMA advises that these Release Areas are within the North
West Slope Trawl Fishery, Western Tuna and Billfish Fishery,
Western Skipjack Tuna and Southern Bluefin Tuna Fisheries
ranges. Release Area W14-2 also overlaps with the Northern
Prawn Fishery area. The Western Australian Government
advises that these Release Areas are also within the Broome
Prawn, Kimberley Prawn, Mackerel, Marine Aquarium,
Northern Demersal Scalefish, Specimen Shell and Pearl
Oyster Fisheries ranges.
Historical AFMA logbook data for 2009 to 2013 indicates that
the Northern Prawn Fishery has been active in Release Area
W14-2. It would be preferable if any petroleum exploration
activities could be conducted outside the Northern Prawn
Fishery seasons, which generally run from early March to
mid-June and from mid-August to December.
Additional information on the distribution of fishing effort in the
Northern Prawn Fishery (NPF) can be found in the NPF Data
Summary 2012 at:
http://www.afma.gov.au/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/NPFData-Summary-2012.pdf
AFMA recommends successful applicants liaise with
representatives of the above fishing interests at an early
stage in planning operational activities.
MOU Box – Traditional Indonesian Fishermen
Release Areas W14-2, W14-3, W14-4, W14-5 and W14-23
are wholly or partially located in an area known as the ‘MOU
Box’ and subject to the 1974 Australia-Indonesia
Memorandum of Understanding regarding the Operations of
Indonesian Traditional Fishermen in Areas of the Australian
Exclusive Fishing Zone and Continental Shelf.
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AUSTRALIA 2014
Based on these facts, caution is recommended when
operating in these Release Areas.
Navigation
Significant through shipping traffic will be encountered
travelling north/south through the Release Area. Relatively
low volume shipping traffic are likely to be encountered in
Release Area W14-23.
When planning operations in these Release Areas,
proponents are requested to contact the Nautical and
Regulation Section of AMSA with a view to obtaining traffic
data and to discuss collision prevention measures.
Northern Carnarvon Basin – Rankin
Platform
W14-6 / W14-7 / W14-20
Environmental Protection
Commonwealth Marine Areas
Release Areas W14-6 and W14-7 are approximately 9 km
from the Montebello Commonwealth Marine Reserve.
Release Area W14-20 overlaps the Montebello
Commonwealth Marine Reserve. The reserve is a Multiple
Use Zone (IUCN Category VI). The major conservation values
of this Commonwealth Marine Reserve include:

Foraging areas for the vulnerable and migratory whale
shark (Rhincodon typus);

Foraging areas adjacent to important breeding areas for
migratory seabirds and important nesting sites for marine
turtles;
25
Offshore Petroleum Exploration Acreage Release

Part of the migratory pathway of the vulnerable and
migratory humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae);

Shallow shelf environments with depths ranging from
15 m to 150 m and provides protection for shelf and
slope habitats, as well as pinnacle and terrace seafloor
features;

Examples of the seafloor habitats and communities of the
Northwest Shelf Province;

Wreck of the ‘Trial’ heritage feature;

Provincial bioregions as well as the Pilbara (offshore)
meso-scale bioregion; and

One Key Ecological Feature represented in this reserve.
Further information about this and other Commonwealth
Marine Reserves in the larger proximity is located at:
http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/marine/marinereserves.
Key Ecological Features
The Montebello Commonwealth Marine Reserve and Release
Areas W14-7 and W14-20 overlap the Ancient coastline at
125 m depth contour which is a Key Ecological Feature in the
North-west Marine Region. The values of this feature include
unique sea-floor features with enhanced biological
productivity.
Biologically Important Areas
Release Areas W14-6, W14-7 and W14-20 overlap with
Biologically Important Areas for the following species:

Cetaceans: vulnerable and migratory humpback whale;

Elasmobranchs: vulnerable and migratory whale shark;

Marine turtles: endangered and migratory loggerhead
(Caretta caretta) turtle and vulnerable and migratory
green (Chelonia mydas), hawksbill (Eretmochelys
imbricata) and flatback (Natator depressus) turtles; and

Birds: migratory wedge-tailed shearwater (Puffinus
pacificus), lesser crested tern (Sterna bengalensis) and
fairy tern (Sterna nereis).
Biologically Important Areas are particularly important for the
conservation of protected species and where aggregations of
individuals of a protected species display biologically
important behaviour such as breeding, foraging, resting or
migration. The presence of the observed behaviour is
assumed to indicate that habitat required for the behaviour is
also present. For current information on species behaviours
and seasonality of species occurrence within Biologically
Important Areas, refer to the Conservation Values Atlas at:
http://www.environment.gov.au/coasts/marineplans/cva/index.
html.
The Marine bioregional plan for the North-west Marine Region
provides regional advice for proponents with respect to
Biologically Important Areas and Key Ecological Features
(see http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/marine/marinebioregional-plans/north-west).
Threatened and Migratory Species
A number of EPBC Act listed threatened and migratory
species are found in or near these Release Areas. Activities
planned for the Release Areas during biologically important
times for listed threatened and migratory species are likely to
be subject to close scrutiny under the EPBC Act.
Cetaceans
Release Areas W14-6 and W14-7 are adjacent to migration
pathways for humpback whales and pygmy blue whales
(Balaenoptera musculus). Pygmy blue whales may be
encountered between April and December and humpback
whales between June and November.
The migratory spotted bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops aduncus)
is likely to occur in Release Area W14-20. The Marine
bioregional plan for the North Marine Region indicates that
bottlenose dolphins tend to occur in deeper, more open
coastal waters and tend to forage across a wider range of
habitats.
Seismic activities should be planned in accordance with
EPBC Act Policy Statement 2.1 – Interaction between
offshore seismic exploration and whales (September 2008).
Marine turtles
Release Area W14-20 is within 20 km of Biologically
Important Areas for the migratory roseate tern (Sterna
dougallii).
Five of the six species of marine turtle that occur in Australia
waters are likely or known to occur in Release Areas W14-6
and W14-7. Four of these species have a Biologically
Important Area for foraging, interesting, mating, breeding and
aggregation overlapping Release Area W14-20. They are the
endangered and migratory loggerhead (Caretta caretta) and
leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea) turtles and the
vulnerable and migratory green (Chelonia mydas) and
hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata) and flatback turtles.
The vulnerable and migratory flatback turtle also has a
Biologically Important Area for internesting overlapping
W14-7. In addition, the endangered and migratory
leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea) turtle is likely to occur in
W14-20.
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AUSTRALIA 2014
26
Offshore Petroleum Exploration Acreage Release
Seasnakes
The critically endangered short-nosed seasnake (Aipysurus
apraefrontalis) is likely to occur in W14-20. Short-nosed
seasnakes are endemic to the North-west Marine Region and
have been recorded from Exmouth Gulf to the reefs of the
Sahul Shelf.

Two dedicated Marine Mammal Observers (MMO) must
be employed on board the seismic vessel for the duration
of the survey. At least one MMO must be observing for
whales on the seismic vessel during all daylight hours
o
Elasmobranchs
The vulnerable and migratory whale shark has a Biologically
Important Area for foraging overlapping these Release Areas.
Whale sharks are known aggregate at Ningaloo Reef
between March and July, with northern migration from
Ningaloo to the Kimberley coast until the end of spring, along
the 200 m isobath. Proximity to the Ningaloo Reef
aggregation increases the likelihood that interactions would
occur as whale sharks arrive and depart from the Ningaloo
aggregation.
The migratory longfin mako (Isurus paucus) and shortfin
mako (Isurus oxyrinchus) sharks are likely to occur in Release
Areas W14-6, W14-7 and W14-20.
Dugongs
The migratory dugong (Dugong dugon) is known to occur in
Release Area W14-20. The Marine bioregional plan for the
North-west Marine Region indicates that a large proportion of
the world’s dugong population occurs in and adjacent to the
North-west Marine Region. Dugongs are highly migratory and
are capable of moving over relatively large distances.
Migratory Birds
The migratory wedge-tailed shearwater has a Biologically
Important Area for foraging overlapping Release Areas
W14-6, W14-7 and W14-20.
The lesser crested tern have Biologically Important Areas for
foraging overlapping Release Area W14-20. The migratory
fairy tern also has Biologically Important Areas for foraging
and breeding overlapping Release Area W14-20. The
migratory roseate tern also has a Biologically Important Area
for foraging within 20 km of W14-20. In addition, the
fork-tailed swift (Apus pacificus) is likely to occur in W14-20.
Other listed threatened and migratory species may also occur
in these Release Areas.
Example EPBC Act Requirements
This information is provided for illustrative purposes only and
must not be solely relied upon by explorers when making
commercial decisions.
Seismic Survey

o
At night time or other times of low visibility, start-up
of the acoustic source may be commenced provided
that there have not been three or more blue whale
instigated power down or shut down situations
during the preceding 24 hr period.
If the survey experience three or more blue whale
shutdowns in a 24 hr period, seismic operations
must not be undertaken thereafter at night time or
during low visibility conditions until there has been a
24 hr period which included seismic operations
during daylight hours and good visibility conditions
during which there are no blue whale instigated
shutdowns.
Fishing Activities
AFMA advises that these Release Areas are within the North
West Slope Trawl Fishery, Western Tuna and Billfish Fishery,
Western Skipjack Tuna and Southern Bluefin Tuna Fisheries
ranges. The Western Australian Government advises that
these Release Areas are within the Mackerel, Marine
Aquarium, Onslow Prawn Limited Entry, Pilbara Trawl and
Trap, Specimen Shell and Pearl Oyster Fisheries ranges.
Historical AFMA logbook data for 2009 to 2013 indicates that
the North West Slope Trawl Fishery has been very active in
the Release Areas.
Additional information on the distribution of fishing effort in the
Northwest Slope Trawl Fishery can be found at:
http://www.afma.gov.au/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/WDTFand-NWSTF-harvest-strategy-review-2011.pdf
AFMA recommends successful applicants liaise with
representatives of the above fishing interests at an early
stage in planning operational activities.
Navigation
The southern part of Release Area W14-6 crosses the
northern-most section of the chartered Shipping Fairway that
leads to and from Barrow Island. Significant through shipping
traffic will be encountered travelling north/south through the
Release Area. Release Area W14-7 is situated between two
Shipping Fairways. Low volume shipping traffic will be
encountered on these routes.
When planning operations in these Release Areas,
proponents are requested to contact the Nautical and
Regulation Section of AMSA with a view to obtaining traffic
data and to discuss collision prevention measures.
A 2 km low power zone must be implemented during all
seismic operations to minimise impacts to whales;
www.petroleum-acreage.gov.au
AUSTRALIA 2014
27
Offshore Petroleum Exploration Acreage Release
Northern Carnarvon Basin – Exmouth
Plateau
W14-8 / W14-9 / W14-10 / W14-11 / W14-12 /
W14-13 / W14-22
Defence
Release Area W14-13 lies within the Learmonth Overwater
Missile Firing Range. This area is approved for live weapons
firing, including high explosive weapons and the safety of
infrastructure cannot be guaranteed. Applicants are advised
that this area is used regularly, and Defence Force exercise
schedules are variable and may change at short notice.
When activated by a Notice to Airmen (NOTAM), the
restricted airspace can operate down to sea level. Successful
applicants will need to liaise with Defence during the planning
phase of operations, and provide information on the proposed
location of any drilling rigs for inclusion in the register of
structures database that is maintained by the Royal Australian
Air Force (RAAF) Aeronautical Information Service (AIS).
Successful applicants should also note that, as the areas are
used for live firings, unexploded ordnance (UXO) may exist
on the sea floor. This carries with it an associated risk of
detonation, which will be borne by the applicants. Applicants
should recognise that Defence takes no responsibility for
reporting the location and type of ordnance dropped in the
areas, for identification or removal of any UXO, or for any
damage sustained to equipment in the unlikely event of UXO
detonation. As such, the Australian Government provides no
guarantee or indemnity to titleholders or others with regard to
the safety or whereabouts of UXO in such areas.
Successful applicants will need to liaise closely with the RAAF
and Royal Australian Navy (RAN) on timing and location of
any proposed exploration activities or permanent structures
during the planning phase.
Access to Defence Practice Areas (DPA) and Military
Exercise Areas (MEA) may be restricted with all sea and
aircraft possibly being ordered to evacuate the DPA/MEA at
short notice.
The Australian Defence Force Airspace Cell requires
notification, prior to commencement, of any exploration works,
including positions and dimensions (lateral and vertical) of
associated infrastructure and permanent infrastructure
development, to be undertaken in areas which lie within
Defence Restricted Airspace. Details of routes of any
associated helicopter support operations are also requested.
Environmental Protection
Commonwealth Marine Areas
Release Areas W14-8 and W14-9 are not in close proximity to
any Commonwealth Marine Reserves, however proponents
should note that Commonwealth Marine Reserves in the
larger vicinity may be impacted by petroleum industry
activities. Information about Commonwealth Marine Reserves
in the larger vicinity is located at:
http://www.environment.gov.au/marinereserves/index.html
Release Areas W14-10, W14-11 and W14-12 are
approximately 22 km from the Gascoyne Commonwealth
Marine Reserve. The reserve is a Multiple Use Zone (IUCN
Category VI).
Release Area W14-13 overlaps with the Gascoyne
Commonwealth Marine Reserve and is 85 km from Ningaloo
Commonwealth Marine Reserve.
Release Area W14-22 is approximately 53 km from the
Gascoyne Commonwealth Marine Reserve.
The major conservation values of the Gascoyne
Commonwealth Marine Reserve include:

Important foraging areas for migratory seabirds, the
vulnerable and migratory whale shark (Rhincodon typus)
and vulnerable and migratory hawksbill (Eretmochelys
imbricata) and flatback (Natator depressus) turtles;

Examples of the ecosystems of the Central Western
Shelf Transition, the Central Western Transition, the
Northwest Province and the Ningaloo meso-scale
bioregion; and

Three Key Ecological Features represented in this
reserve.
The Ningaloo Commonwealth Marine Reserve is a
Recreational Use Zone (IUCN Category II). Mining operations
(including oil and gas exploration, development and other
activities) are not permitted in Recreational Use Zones. The
major conservation values of the Commonwealth Marine
Reserve include:

Foraging areas for the vulnerable and migratory whale
shark;

Foraging areas and adjacent to important nesting sites
for marine turtles and foraging and important breeding
areas for migratory seabirds;

Part of the migratory pathway of the vulnerable and
migratory humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae);

Includes shallow shelf environments with depths ranging
from 15 m to 150 m and provides protection for shelf and
slope habitats, as well as pinnacle and terrace sea-floor
features;
The points of contact for Defence activities are set out above
in the Notices for All Areas.
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AUSTRALIA 2014
28
Offshore Petroleum Exploration Acreage Release

Examples of the seafloor habitats and communities of
the Central Western Shelf Transition; and

Part of the Ningaloo Coast World Heritage Area.
Further information about this and other Commonwealth
Marine Reserves in the larger proximity is located at:
http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/marine/marinereserves.
Cetaceans
While these Release Areas are not within any known main
migration pathways or aggregation areas, cetaceans may be
present in the general area. Seismic activities should continue
to be planned in accordance with EPBC Act Policy Statement
2.1 – Interaction between offshore seismic exploration and
whales (September 2008).
Marine turtles
Key Ecological Features
The Gascoyne Commonwealth Marine Reserve overlaps the:

Canyons linking the Cuvier Abyssal Plain and the Cape
Range Peninsula;

Continental Slope Demersal Fish Communities; and

Exmouth Plateau
Five of the six species of marine turtle that occur in Australia
waters are likely to occur in Release Areas W14-8, W14-9,
W14-10, W14-11, W14-12 and W14-13. They are the
endangered and migratory loggerhead (Caretta caretta) and
leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea) turtles and the
vulnerable and migratory flatback (Natator depressus), green
(Chelonia mydas) and hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata)
turtles.
Migratory birds
which are Key Ecological Features in the North-west Marine
Region. The values of these features include unique sea-floor
features, enhanced productivity, high levels of endemism and
species diversity.
The migratory wedge-tailed shearwater has a Biologically
Important Area for foraging within 20 km of W14-13.
Elasmobranchs
Release Areas W14-8, W14-9, W14-10, W14-11, W14-12 and
W14-13 overlap with the Exmouth Plateau which is a Key
Ecological Feature in the North-west Marine Region. The
values of this feature include unique sea-floor features with
ecological properties of regional significance.
Biologically Important Areas
Release Area W14-13 is within 20 km of Biologically
Important Area for the migratory wedge-tailed shearwater
(Puffinus pacificus).
Biologically Important Areas are particularly important for the
conservation of protected species and where aggregations of
individuals of a protected species display biologically
important behaviour such as breeding, foraging, resting or
migration. The presence of the observed behaviour is
assumed to indicate that habitat required for the behaviour is
also present. For current information on species behaviours
and seasonality of species occurrence within Biologically
Important Areas, refer to the Conservation Values Atlas at:
http://www.environment.gov.au/coasts/marineplans/cva/index.
html.
The Marine bioregional plan for the North-west Marine Region
provides regional advice for proponents with respect to
Biologically Important Areas and Key Ecological Features
(see http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/marine/marinebioregional-plans/north-west).
Threatened and Migratory Species
A number of EPBC Act listed threatened and migratory
species are found in or near the Release Areas. Activities
planned for these Release Areas during biologically important
times for listed threatened and migratory species are likely to
be subject to close scrutiny under the EPBC Act.
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AUSTRALIA 2014
The migratory longfin mako (Isurus paucus) and shortfin
mako (Isurus oxyrinchus) sharks are likely to occur in Release
Areas W14-8, W14-9, W14-10, W14-11, W14-12, W14-13 and
W14-22.
Other listed threatened and migratory species may also occur
in these Release Areas.
Heritage
Release Area W14-13 is within 90 km from the World
Heritage Area and National Heritage List place ‘The Ningaloo
Coast’. The Ningaloo Coast is listed for its outstanding
biological diversity and aesthetic values. Locations within this
property are also listed on the Commonwealth Heritage List
as the ‘Ningaloo Marine Area – Commonwealth Waters’. The
statement of significance and official values for these
locations are available through the Australian Heritage
Database at: http://www.environment.gov.au/cgibin/ahdb/search.pl.
The property is listed for both terrestrial and marine values,
including reef aesthetics, vulnerable and migratory whale
shark aggregation, marine ecosystem diversity and marine
turtle diversity. The statement of outstanding universal value
for the Ningaloo Coast World Heritage Area can be found at:
http://www.environment.gov.au/heritage/places/world/ningalo
o/values.html.
The proximity of W14-13 to the Ningaloo Coast, with its
abundance of marine species included in both the World and
National heritage listings, means there could be impacts to
heritage values during migration, aggregation and nesting
periods for these species, even if the impacts originate from,
or occur to mobile species, outside the boundary of the World
and National Heritage Areas. Similarly the aesthetic values
29
Offshore Petroleum Exploration Acreage Release
component of the World Heritage Area could potentially be
impacted from outside the heritage area itself.
The major conservation values of the Montebello
Commonwealth Marine Reserve include:
Any activities in this area, including seismic surveys, and
activities with associated risk of hydrocarbon spills, are likely
to be subject to close scrutiny under the EPBC Act.

Foraging areas for the vulnerable and migratory whale
shark (Rhincodon typus);

Foraging areas adjacent to important breeding areas for
migratory seabirds and important nesting sites for marine
turtles;

Part of the migratory pathway of the vulnerable and
migratory humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae);

Shallow shelf environments with depths ranging from
15 m to 150 m and provides protection for shelf and
slope habitats, as well as pinnacle and terrace seafloor
features;

Examples of the seafloor habitats and communities of
the Northwest Shelf Province;

Provincial bioregions and the Pilbara (offshore) mesoscale bioregion; and
Navigation

One Key Ecological Feature represented in this reserve.
Moderate volume shipping traffic will be encountered within
Release Areas W14-10, W14-11 and W14-12 travelling in a
north/south direction along the west coast of Western
Australia and through Lombok in Indonesia.
Further information about this and other Commonwealth
Marine Reserves in the larger proximity is located at:
http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/marine/marinereserves.
Release Area W14-13 crosses a chartered Shipping Fairway.
Significant international commercial shipping traffic will be
encountered on this route travelling in a north/south direction
along the west coast of Western Australia and through
Lombok in Indonesia.
Key Ecological Features
Fishing Activities
AFMA advises that these Release Areas are within the North
West Slope Trawl Fishery, Western Deepwater Trawl Fishery,
Western Tuna and Billfish Fishery, Skipjack Tuna and
Southern Bluefin Tuna Fisheries ranges. The Western
Australian Government advises that these Release Areas are
within the Mackerel and Pearl Oyster Fisheries ranges.
Historical AFMA logbook data for 2009 to 2013 indicates that
no vessels reported operating in the Release Areas.
As fishing activity may vary from year to year, AFMA
recommends successful applicants liaise with representatives
of the above fishing interests at an early stage in planning
operational activities
Release Area W14-22 is situated between two Shipping
Fairways. Low volume local shipping traffic will be
encountered on these routes.
The Montebello Commonwealth Marine Reserve and Release
Areas W14-16 and W14-21 overlap the Ancient coastline at
125 m depth contour which is a Key Ecological Feature in the
North-west Marine Region. The values of this feature include
unique sea-floor features with enhanced biological
productivity.
Biologically Important Areas
When planning operations in these Release Areas,
proponents are requested to contact the Nautical and
Regulation Section of AMSA with a view to obtaining traffic
data and discussing collision prevention measures.
Release Areas W14-14, W14-15, W14-16 and W14-21
overlap with Biologically Important Areas for the following
species:
Northern Carnarvon Basin – Barrow Subbasin

Cetaceans: vulnerable and migratory humpback whale;

Elasmobranchs: vulnerable and migratory whale shark;
W14-14 / W14-15 / W14-16 / W14-21

Marine turtles: endangered and migratory loggerhead
(Caretta caretta) turtle and vulnerable and migratory
green (Chelonia mydas), hawksbill (Eretmochelys
imbricata) and flatback (Natator depressus) turtles; and

Birds: migratory wedge-tailed shearwater (Puffinus
pacificus), lesser crested tern (Sterna bengalensis) and
fairy tern (Sterna nereis).
Environmental Protection
Commonwealth Marine Areas
Release Areas W14-14 and W14-15 overlap the Montebello
Commonwealth Marine Reserve. Release Areas W14-16 and
W14-21 are approximately 46 km from the Montebello
Commonwealth Marine Reserve. The reserve is a Multiple
Use Zone (IUCN Category VI).
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30
Offshore Petroleum Exploration Acreage Release
Release Areas W14-14, W14-15, W14-16 and W14-21 are
within 20 km of Biologically Important Areas for:

Marine turtles: vulnerable and migratory hawksbill
(Eretmochelys imbricata) turtle; and

Birds: migratory lesser crested tern (Sterna bengalensis)
and roseate tern (Sterna dougallii).
Biologically Important Areas are particularly important for the
conservation of protected species and where aggregations of
individuals of a protected species display biologically
important behaviour such as breeding, foraging, resting or
migration. The presence of the observed behaviour is
assumed to indicate that habitat required for the behaviour is
also present. For current information on species behaviours
and seasonality of species occurrence within Biologically
Important Areas, refer to the Conservation Values Atlas at:
http://www.environment.gov.au/coasts/marineplans/cva/index.
html.
The Marine bioregional plan for the North-west Marine Region
provides regional advice for proponents with respect to
Biologically Important Areas and Key Ecological Features
(see http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/marine/marinebioregional-plans/north-west).
Threatened and Migratory Species
A number of EPBC Act listed threatened and migratory
species are found in or near the Release Areas. Activities
planned for these Release Areas during biologically important
times for listed threatened and migratory species are likely to
be subject to close scrutiny under the EPBC Act.
Cetaceans
Release Areas W14-14, W14-15, W14-16 and W14-21 are
adjacent to migration pathways for humpback whales and
pygmy blue whales (Balaenoptera musculus). Pygmy blue
whales may be encountered between April and December
and humpback whales between June and November. The
North-west Marine Region is particularly important for the
Western Australian population of humpback whales as they
migrate north through this region around June to July each
year. Humpback whales then breed and calve along the
Kimberley coast from the Lacepede Islands to north of
Camden Sound. Humpback whales migrate south from
August to November, and stop to rest in Exmouth Gulf, Shark
Bay and adjacent areas.
The migratory spotted bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops aduncus)
is likely to occur in W14-14 and W14-15. The Marine
bioregional plan for the North Marine Region indicates that
bottlenose dolphins tend to occur in deeper, more open
coastal waters and tend to forage across a wider range of
habitats.
Seismic activities should be planned in accordance with
EPBC Act Policy Statement 2.1 – Interaction between
offshore seismic exploration and whales (September 2008).
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AUSTRALIA 2014
Marine turtles
Four of the six species of marine turtle that occur in Australia
waters have a Biologically Important Area for foraging,
inter-nesting, mating, breeding and aggregation overlapping
W14-14 and W14-15. They are the endangered and migratory
loggerhead turtle and the vulnerable and migratory green,
hawksbill and flatback turtles. In addition, the endangered and
migratory leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea) turtle is likely
to occur in Release Areas W14-14 and W14-15.
Five of the six species of marine turtle that occur in Australia
waters are known or likely to occur in Release Areas W14-16
and W14-21. They are the endangered and migratory
loggerhead (Caretta caretta) and leatherback (Dermochelys
coriacea) turtles and the vulnerable and migratory green
(Chelonia mydas), hawksbill and flatback turtles.
The vulnerable and migratory flatback turtle has a Biologically
Important Area for inter-nesting overlapping W14-16 and
W14-21. In addition, the vulnerable and migratory hawksbill
turtle has a Biologically Important Area for inter-nesting within
20 km of W14-16 and W14-21.
Seasnakes
The critically endangered short-nosed seasnake (Aipysurus
apraefrontalis) is likely to occur in Release Areas W14-14 and
W14-15. Short-nosed seasnakes are endemic to the Northwest Marine Region and have been recorded from Exmouth
Gulf to the reefs of the Sahul Shelf.
Elasmobranchs
The vulnerable and migratory whale shark has a Biologically
Important Area for foraging overlapping these Release Areas.
Whale sharks are known aggregate at Ningaloo Reef
between March and July, with northern migration from
Ningaloo to the Kimberley coast until the end of spring, along
the 200 m isobath. Proximity to the Ningaloo Reef
aggregation increases the likelihood that interactions would
occur as whale sharks arrive and depart from the Ningaloo
aggregation.
The migratory longfin mako (Isurus paucus) and shortfin
mako (Isurus oxyrinchus) sharks are likely to occur in Release
Areas W14-14, W14-15, W14-16 and W14-21.
Dugongs
The migratory dugong (Dugong dugon) is known to occur in
Release Areas W14-16 and W14-21. The Marine bioregional
plan for the North-west Marine Region indicates that a large
proportion of the world’s dugong population occurs in and
adjacent to the North-west Marine Region. Dugongs are
highly migratory and are capable of moving over relatively
large distances.
Migratory Birds
The migratory wedge-tailed shearwater and lesser crested
tern have Biologically Important Areas for foraging
overlapping Release Areas W14-14, W14-15, W14-16 and
31
Offshore Petroleum Exploration Acreage Release
W14-21. The migratory fairy tern also has Biologically
Important Areas for foraging and breeding overlapping
W14-14 and W14-15. The migratory roseate tern also has a
Biologically Important Area for foraging within 20 km of
W14-14, W14-15, W14-16 and W14-21.
In addition, the fork-tailed swift (Apus pacificus) is likely to
occur in Release Areas W14-14 and W14-15.
Other listed threatened and migratory species may also occur
in these Release Areas.
Heritage
Fishing Activities
AFMA advises that these Release Areas are within the North
West Slope Trawl Fishery, Western Tuna and Billfish Fishery,
Western Skipjack Tuna and Southern Bluefin Tuna Fisheries
ranges. The Western Australian Government advises that
these Release Areas are within the Mackerel, Marine
Aquarium, Onslow Prawn Limited Entry, Pilbara Trawl and
Trap, Specimen Shell and Pearl Oyster Fisheries ranges.
Historical AFMA logbook data for 2009 to 2013 indicates that
the North West Slope Trawl Fishery has been active in these
Release Areas.
Release Area W14-15 overlaps with the nominated Barrow
Island and the Montebello-Barrow Islands Marine
Conservation Reserve. The reserve is nominated on the
National Heritage List for its natural values including its
diversity of pristine terrestrial and aquatic habitats, and
abounding species diversity and endemism. The region is
also home to untouched assemblages of vertebrate and
invertebrate species not found elsewhere in Australia.
Additional information on the distribution of fishing effort in the
North West Slope Trawl Fishery can be found at:
http://www.afma.gov.au/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/WDTFand-NWSTF-harvest-strategy-review-2011.pdf
The statement of significance for this location is available
through the Australian Heritage Database at:
http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/ahdb/search.pl.
Navigation
Release Areas W14-16 and W14-21 are within 70 km of the
World Heritage Area and National Heritage List place ‘The
Ningaloo Coast’. The Ningaloo Coast is listed for its
outstanding biological diversity and aesthetic values.
Locations within this property are also listed on the
Commonwealth Heritage List as the ‘Ningaloo Marine Area –
Commonwealth Waters’. The statement of significance and
official values for these locations are available through the
Australian Heritage Database at:
http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/ahdb/search.pl.
The property is listed for both terrestrial and marine values,
including reef aesthetics, vulnerable and migratory whale
shark aggregation, marine ecosystem diversity and marine
turtle diversity. The statement of outstanding universal value
for the Ningaloo Coast World Heritage Area can be found at:
http://www.environment.gov.au/heritage/places/world/ningalo
o/values.html.
The proximity of the acreage release area to the Ningaloo
Coast, with its abundance of marine species included in both
the World and National heritage listings, means there could
be impacts to heritage values during migration, aggregation
and nesting periods for these species, even if the impacts
originate from, or occur to mobile species, outside the
boundary of the World and National Heritage Areas. Similarly
the aesthetic values component of the World Heritage Area
could potentially be impacted from outside the heritage area
itself.
AFMA recommends successful applicants liaise with
representatives of the above fishing interests at an early
stage in planning operational activities.
Heavy volume shipping traffic will be encountered in the
north-eastern section of Release Area W14-14. Traffic
heading east and west from the recommended track around
the Montebello Tryal Rocks will travel through graticular
blocks 160 and 161 of the Hamersley Range (SF50) Map
Sheet. Traffic exiting southwards from the Montebello Tryal
Rocks track will pass through the south-eastern section of this
Release Area.
Moderate volume shipping traffic will be encountered in
Release Area W14-15 exiting southwards from the
recommended track around the Montebello Tryal Rocks
through graticular block 0232 of the Hamersley Range (SF50)
Map Sheet. Local traffic will be encountered through this
Release Area with the traffic pattern following the coast of
Barrow Island and from the north of Cape Malouet out to the
west.
Local traffic supporting Barrow Island activities will be
encountered within Release Area W14-16.
Moderate levels of shipping traffic are likely to be encountered
in Release Area W14-21. Cargo ships including tankers pass
through the northwestern half of the area. Local traffic
supporting Barrow Island activities also pass through, and
immediately to the north and south, of Release Area W14-21.
When planning operations in these Release Areas,
proponents are requested to contact the Nautical and
Regulation Section of AMSA with a view to obtaining traffic
data and discussing collision prevention measures.
Any activities in this area, including seismic surveys, and
activities with associated risk of hydrocarbon spills, are likely
to be subject to close scrutiny under the EPBC Act.
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AUSTRALIA 2014
32
Offshore Petroleum Exploration Acreage Release
Northern Carnarvon Basin – Exmouth Subbasin
W14-17 / W14-18
The points of contact for Defence activities are set out above
in the Notices for All Areas.
Environmental Protection
Commonwealth Marine Areas
Defence
Release Area W14-18 lies within the Learmonth Overwater
Missile Firing Range. This area is approved for live weapons
firing, including high explosive weapons and the safety of
infrastructure cannot be guaranteed. Applicants are advised
that this area is used regularly, and Defence Force exercise
schedules are variable and may change at short notice.
When activated by a Notice to Airmen (NOTAM), the
restricted airspace can operate down to sea level. Successful
applicants will need to liaise with Defence during the planning
phase of operations, and provide information on the proposed
location of any drilling rigs for inclusion in the register of
structures database that is maintained by the Royal Australian
Air Force (RAAF) Aeronautical Information Service (AIS).
Successful applicants should also note that, as the areas are
used for live firings, unexploded ordnances (UXO) may exist
on the sea floor. This carries with it an associated risk of
detonation, which will be borne by the applicants. Applicants
should recognise that Defence takes no responsibility for
reporting the location and type of ordnance dropped in the
areas, for identification or removal of any UXO, or for any
damage sustained to equipment in the unlikely event of UXO
detonation. As such, the Australian Government provides no
guarantee or indemnity to titleholders or others with regard to
the safety or whereabouts of UXO in such areas.
Successful applicants will need to liaise closely with the RAAF
and Royal Australian Navy (RAN) on timing and location of
any proposed exploration activities or permanent structures
during the planning phase.
Access to Defence Practice Areas (DPA) and Military
Exercise Areas (MEA) may be restricted with all sea and
aircraft possibly being ordered to evacuate the DPA/MEA at
short notice.
The Australian Defence Force Airspace Cell requires
notification, prior to commencement, of any exploration works,
including positions and dimensions (lateral and vertical) of
associated infrastructure and permanent infrastructure
development, to be undertaken in areas which lie within
Defence Restricted Airspace. Details of routes of any
associated helicopter support operations are also requested.
The Australian Hydrographic Office (AHO) will require
advance notification of any proposed seismic surveys and
infrastructure developments within Release Area W14-18.
This information must be provided to AHO at least three
weeks prior to actual commencement of activities. Applicant
should also notify AHO of any well completion activity,
including whether wells are suspended or plugged and
abandoned upon completion of drilling.
www.petroleum-acreage.gov.au
AUSTRALIA 2014
Release Areas W14-17 and W14-18 are approximately 140 m
from Gascoyne Commonwealth Marine Reserve, 73 km from
the Ningaloo Commonwealth Marine Reserve and 78 km from
Montebello Commonwealth Marine Reserve.
The Gascoyne Commonwealth Marine Reserve is a Multiple
Use Zone (IUCN Category VI). The major conservation values
of the Commonwealth Marine Reserve include:

Important foraging areas for migratory seabirds, the
vulnerable and migratory whale shark (Rhincodon typus)
and vulnerable and migratory hawksbill (Eretmochelys
imbricata) and flatback (Natator depressus) turtles;

Examples of the ecosystems of the Central Western
Shelf Transition, the Central Western Transition and the
Northwest Province and the Ningaloo meso-scale
bioregion; and

Three Key Ecological Features represented in this
reserve.
The Ningaloo Commonwealth Marine Reserve is a
Recreational Use Zone (IUCN Category II). Mining operations
(including oil and gas exploration, development and other
activities) are not permitted in Recreational Use Zones. The
major conservation values of the Commonwealth Marine
Reserve include:

Foraging areas for the vulnerable and migratory whale
shark;

Foraging areas and adjacent to important nesting sites
for marine turtles and foraging and important breeding
areas for migratory seabirds;

Includes part of the migratory pathway of the vulnerable
and migratory humpback whale (Megaptera
novaeangliae);

Shallow shelf environments with depths ranging from
15 m to 150 m and provides protection for shelf and
slope habitats, as well as pinnacle and terrace sea-floor
features;

Examples of the seafloor habitats and communities of
the Central Western Shelf Transition; and

Part of the Ningaloo Coast World Heritage Area.
The Montebello Commonwealth Marine Reserve is a Multiple
Use Zone (IUCN Category VI). The major conservation values
of this Commonwealth Marine Reserve include:

Foraging areas for the vulnerable and migratory whale
shark;
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Offshore Petroleum Exploration Acreage Release

Foraging areas adjacent to important breeding areas for
migratory seabirds and important nesting sites for marine
turtles;
Release Area W14-17 is also within 20 km of Biologically
Important Area for the vulnerable and migratory humpback
whale.

Part of the migratory pathway of the vulnerable and
migratory humpback whale;

Shallow shelf environments with depths ranging from
15 m to 150 m and provides protection for shelf and
slope habitats, as well as pinnacle and terrace seafloor
features;

Examples of the seafloor habitats and communities of
the Northwest Shelf Province;

Biologically Important Areas are particularly important for the
conservation of protected species and where aggregations of
individuals of a protected species display biologically
important behaviour such as breeding, foraging, resting or
migration. The presence of the observed behaviour is
assumed to indicate that habitat required for the behaviour is
also present. For current information on species behaviours
and seasonality of species occurrence within Biologically
Important Areas, refer to the Conservation Values Atlas at:
http://www.environment.gov.au/coasts/marineplans/cva/index.
html.
Provincial bioregions and the Pilbara (offshore) mesoscale bioregion; and

One Key Ecological Feature represented in this reserve.
Further information about this and other Commonwealth
Marine Reserves in the larger proximity is located at:
http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/marine/marinereserves.
The Marine bioregional plan for the North-west Marine Region
provides regional advice for proponents with respect to
Biologically Important Areas and Key Ecological Features
(see http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/marine/marinebioregional-plans/north-west)
Threatened and Migratory Species
The Gascoyne Commonwealth Marine Reserve is in proximity
to the:
A number of EPBC Act listed threatened and migratory
species are found in or near the Release Areas. Activities
planned for these Release Areas during biologically important
times for listed threatened and migratory species are likely to
be subject to close scrutiny under the EPBC Act.

Canyons linking the Cuvier Abyssal Plain and the Cape
Range Peninsula;
Cetaceans

Continental Slope Demersal Fish Communities; and

Exmouth Plateau
Key Ecological Features
which are Key Ecological Features in the North-west Marine
Region. The values of these features include unique sea-floor
features, enhanced productivity, high levels of endemism and
species diversity.
Montebello Commonwealth Marine Reserve overlaps the
Ancient coastline at 125 m depth contour which is a Key
Ecological Feature in the North-west Marine Region. The
values of this feature include unique sea-floor features with
enhanced biological productivity.
The vulnerable and migratory humpback whale has a
Biologically Important Area for migration within 20 km of these
acreage release areas. The North-west Marine Region is
particularly important for the Western Australian population of
humpback whales as they migrate north through this region
around June to July each year. Humpback whales then breed
and calve along the Kimberley coast from the Lacepede
Islands to north of Camden Sound. Humpback whales
migrate south from August to November, and stop to rest in
Exmouth Gulf, Shark Bay and adjacent areas.
The acreage release areas are adjacent to migration
pathways for pygmy blue whales which may be encountered
between April and December travelling along the shelf
between 500 m and 1 000 m.
Release Areas W14-17 and W14-18 overlap the Continental
Slope Demersal Fish Communities which is a Key Ecological
Features in the North-west Marine Region. The values of this
feature include high endemism of fish communities and
species diversity.
Seismic activities should be planned in accordance with
EPBC Act Policy Statement 2.1 – Interaction between
offshore seismic exploration and whales (September 2008).
Biologically Important Areas
Five of the six species of marine turtle that occur in Australia
waters are known or likely to occur in these acreage release
areas. They are the endangered and migratory loggerhead
(Caretta caretta) and leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea)
turtles and the vulnerable and migratory flatback, green
(Chelonia mydas) and hawksbill turtles.
Release Areas W14-17 and W14-18 overlap with Biologically
Important Area for the migratory wedge-tailed shearwater
(Puffinus pacificus).
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AUSTRALIA 2014
Marine turtles
34
Offshore Petroleum Exploration Acreage Release
Elasmobranchs
The migratory longfin mako (Isurus paucus) and shortfin
mako (Isurus oxyrinchus) sharks are likely to occur in these
acreage release areas.
The distribution of the migratory giant manta ray (Manta
birostris) is not well understood, but similar to the whale
shark, as it is a filter-feeder that feeds upon plankton, krill and
larvae, so may occupy similar habitat to the whale shark.
Migratory Birds
The migratory wedge-tailed shearwater has a Biologically
Important Area for foraging overlapping these acreage
release areas. The area may provide foraging habitat for
other migratory birds.
Other listed threatened and migratory species may also occur
in these acreage release areas.
Example EPBC Act Requirements
This information is provided for illustrative purposes only and
must not be solely relied upon by explorers when making
commercial decisions.
Seismic Survey

A 2 km low power zone must be implemented during all
seismic operations to minimise impacts to whales;

Two dedicated Marine Mammal Observers (MMO) must
be employed on board the seismic vessel for the duration
of the survey. At least one MMO must be observing for
whales on the seismic vessel during all daylight hours
o
o
At night time or other times of low visibility, start-up
of the acoustic source may be commenced provided
that there have not been three or more blue whale
instigated power down or shut down situations
during the preceding 24 hr period.
If the survey experience three or more blue whale
shutdowns in a 24 hr period, seismic operations
must not be undertaken thereafter at night time or
during low visibility conditions until there has been a
24 hr period which included seismic operations
during daylight hours and good visibility conditions
during which there are no blue whale instigated
shutdowns.
Heritage
Release Areas W14-17 and W14-18 are within 70 km of the
World Heritage Area and National Heritage List place ‘The
Ningaloo Coast’. The Ningaloo Coast is listed for its
outstanding biological diversity and aesthetic values.
Locations within this property are also listed on the
Commonwealth Heritage List as the ‘Ningaloo Marine Area –
Commonwealth Waters’. The statement of significance and
official values for these locations are available through the
Australian Heritage Database at:
http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/ahdb/search.pl.
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AUSTRALIA 2014
The property is listed for both terrestrial and marine values,
including reef aesthetics, vulnerable and migratory whale
shark aggregation, marine ecosystem diversity and marine
turtle diversity. The statement of outstanding universal value
for the Ningaloo Coast World Heritage Area can be found at:
http://www.environment.gov.au/heritage/places/world/ningalo
o/values.html.
The proximity of the acreage release area to the Ningaloo
Coast, with its abundance of marine species included in both
the World and National heritage listings, means there could
be impacts to heritage values during migration, aggregation
and nesting periods for these species, even if the impacts
originate from, or occur to mobile species, outside the
boundary of the World and National Heritage Areas. Similarly
the aesthetic values component of the World Heritage Area
could potentially be impacted from outside the heritage area
itself.
Any activities in this area, including seismic surveys, and
activities with associated risk of hydrocarbon spills, are likely
to be subject to close scrutiny under the EPBC Act.
Fishing Activities
AFMA advises that these Release Areas are within the North
West Slope Trawl Fishery, Western Deepwater Trawl Fishery,
Western Tuna and Billfish Fishery, Western Skipjack Tuna
and Southern Bluefin Tuna Fisheries ranges. The Western
Australian Government advises that these Release Areas are
within the Mackerel, Marine Aquarium, Specimen Shell and
Pearl Oyster Fisheries ranges.
Historical AFMA logbook data for 2009 to 2013 indicates that
the North West Slope Trawl Fishery and Western Deepwater
Trawl Fishery have been active in these Release Areas.
Additional information on the distribution of fishing effort in
fisheries can be found at:
http://www.afma.gov.au/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/WDTFand-NWSTF-harvest-strategy-review-2011.pdf
AFMA recommends successful applicants liaise with
representatives of the above fishing interests at an early
stage in planning operational activities.
Navigation
Release Areas W14-17 and W14-18 cross a chartered
Shipping Fairway. Significant international commercial
shipping traffic will be encountered on this route travelling in a
north/south direction along the west coast of Western
Australia and through Lombok in Indonesia.
When planning operations in these Release Areas,
proponents are requested to contact the Nautical and
Regulation Section of AMSA with a view to obtaining traffic
data and discussing collision prevention measures.
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Bight Basin – Eyre Sub-basin
W14-19
Environmental Protection
Commonwealth Marine Areas
Release Area W14-19 is approximately 2 km from Twilight
Commonwealth Marine Reserve and 97 km from the Great
Australia Bight Commonwealth Marine Reserve.
The Twilight Commonwealth Marine Reserve is a National
Park Zone (IUCN Category II). Mining operations (including oil
and gas exploration, development and other activities) are not
permitted in National Park Zones. The major conservation
values of the Commonwealth Marine Reserve include:


Important foraging areas for the vulnerable and migratory
great white shark (Carcharodon carcharias) and the
migratory flesh-footed shearwater (Puffinus carneipes);
Important seasonal calving habitat for the endangered
and migratory southern right whale (Eubalaena
australis);
Further information about this and other Commonwealth
Marine Reserves in the larger proximity is located at:
http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/marine/marinereserves.
Key Ecological Features
The Great Australia Bight Commonwealth Marine Reserve
overlaps the Ancient coastline 90 - 120 m which is a Key
Ecological Feature in the South-west Marine Region. The
values of this feature include high levels of biodiversity,
endemism, productivity and aggregations of marine life.
Release Area W14-19 overlaps the Ancient coastline
90 - 120 m which is a Key Ecological Feature in the Southwest Marine Region. The values of this feature include high
levels of biodiversity, endemism, productivity and
aggregations of marine life.
Biologically Important Areas
Release Area W14-19 overlap with Biologically Important
Areas for the following species:

Cetaceans: endangered and migratory pygmy blue whale
(Balaenoptera musculus), sperm whale;

Habitats surrounding important haul-out site for the
vulnerable Australian sea lion (Neophoca cinerea);

Elasmobranchs: vulnerable and migratory great white
shark;

Representative examples of the westernmost
ecosystems of the Great Australian Bight Shelf
Transition; and

Pinnipeds: vulnerable Australian sea lion; and

Birds: migratory great-winged petrel (Pterodroma
macroptera), short-tailed shearwater.

Increased connectivity of highly protected shelf
ecosystems and representation of the south coast
continental shelf environments.
The Great Australia Bight Commonwealth Marine Reserve is
a Special Purpose Zone (IUCN Category VI). The major
conservation values of the Commonwealth Marine Reserve
include:

Important foraging areas for the vulnerable Australia sea
lion, the vulnerable and migratory great white shark and
the migratory sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus)
and short-tailed shearwater (Puffinus tenuirostris);

Globally important seasonal calving habitat for the
endangered and migratory southern right whale;

Representative examples of the central and western
ecosystems of the Great Australian Bight;

Shelf Transition and the easternmost ecosystems of the
Southern Province;

Benthic invertebrate communities of the eastern Great
Australian Bight;
W14-19 is also within 20 km of the Biologically Important
Areas for the white-faced storm petrel (Pelagodroma marina).
Biologically Important Areas are particularly important for the
conservation of protected species and where aggregations of
individuals of a protected species display biologically
important behaviour such as breeding, foraging, resting or
migration. The presence of the observed behaviour is
assumed to indicate that habitat required for the behaviour is
also present. For current information on species behaviours
and seasonality of species occurrence within Biologically
Important Areas, refer to the Conservation Values Atlas at:
http://www.environment.gov.au/coasts/marineplans/cva/index.
html.
The Marine bioregional plan for the South-west Marine
Region provides regional advice for proponents with respect
to Biologically Important Areas and Key Ecological Features
(see http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/marine/marinebioregional-plans/south-west).
Threatened and Migratory Species

Pelagic habitats important for small pelagic fish who play
an important ecological role; and

One Key Ecological Feature represented in this reserve.
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AUSTRALIA 2014
A number of EPBC Act listed threatened and migratory
species are found in or near these Release Areas. Activities
planned for these Release Areas during biologically important
times for listed threatened and migratory species are likely to
be subject to close scrutiny under the EPBC Act.
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Offshore Petroleum Exploration Acreage Release
Cetaceans
Pinnipeds
The endangered and migratory pygmy blue whale has a
Biologically Important Area for migration overlapping this
acreage release area. Pygmy blue whales are known to occur
in this area between November and May. Foraging is also
likely to occur during this time.
The vulnerable Australian sea lion has a Biologically
Important Area foraging overlapping this acreage release
area. Marine bioregional plan for the South-west Marine
Region indicates that the species occurs almost exclusively
within the South-west Marine Region.
The migratory sperm whale has a Biologically Important Area
for foraging overlapping this acreage release area. Sperm
whales are present in this area all year round with a peak in
sightings in August and September. Foraging is also likely to
occur during this time.
Migratory Birds
Breeding areas for the endangered and migratory southern
right whale is known to occur in the protected coastal waters
to the north of this acreage release area. The exact migration
pathways between offshore and coastal waters is not well
understood and it is therefore possible that individuals will be
encountered within this acreage release area.
The vulnerable and migratory humpback whale is likely to
occur in this acreage release area. The Marine bioregional
plan for the South-west Marine Region indicates that the
humpback whale occur seasonally in the South-west Marine
Region on migration between calving areas in the Kimberley
and summer feeding areas in Antarctica. Humpback whales
migrate north from their Antarctic feeding grounds around
May each year. Along parts of their migratory route there are
narrow corridors resulting from physical barriers where the
majority of the population passes close to shore.
Seismic activities should be planned in accordance with
EPBC Act Policy Statement 2.1 – Interaction between
offshore seismic exploration and whales (September 2008).
Marine turtles
Three of the six species of marine turtle that occur in Australia
waters are likely to occur in this acreage release area. They
are the endangered and migratory loggerhead (Caretta
caretta) and leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea) turtles and
the vulnerable and migratory green (Chelonia mydas) turtle.
Elasmobranchs
The vulnerable and migratory great white shark has a
Biologically Important Area for high density distribution
overlapping this acreage release area. The Marine
bioregional plan for the South-west Marine Region indicates
that the region may be significant for the conservation and
management of great white sharks not only in Australia, but
possibly also in a global context.
The migratory shortfin mako (Isurus oxyrinchus) shark is likely
to occur in this acreage release area. The Marine bioregional
plan for the South-west Marine Region indicates that shortfin
makos are highly mobile species with oceanic and pelagic
habit. The migratory mackerel shark (Lamna nasus) is likely to
occur in Release Area W14-19.
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AUSTRALIA 2014
The migratory great-winged petrel has a Biologically
Important Area for foraging overlapping this acreage release
area during late January to early December each year. In
addition, the migratory short-tailed shearwater has a
Biologically Important Area for foraging overlapping W14-19
during October to April each year.
The migratory white-faced storm petrel has a Biologically
Important Area for foraging within 20 km of W14-19.
The endangered and migratory northern royal albatross
(Diomedea sanfordi) is likely to occur in W14-19. The
vulnerable and migratory southern royal albatross (Diomedea
epomophora) the shy albatross (Thalassarche cauta), the
antipodean albatross (Diomedea antipodensis), white-capped
albatross (Thalassarche steadi), the wandering albatross
(Diomedea exulans) are also likely to occur in W14-19.
In addition, the vulnerable soft-plumaged petrel (Pterodroma
mollis) is likely to occur in Release Areas W14-19.
Other listed threatened and migratory species may also occur
in this Release Area.
Fishing Activities
AFMA advises that this Release Area is within the Small
Pelagic Fishery, Southern Bluefin Tuna Fishery, South
Eastern Scalefish and Shark Fishery, Southern Squid Jig
Fishery and Western Skipjack Tuna Fishery. The Western
Australian Government advises that this Release Area is
within the Abalone, Marine Aquarium, South Coast Purse
Seine, South Coast Salmon and Specimen Shell Fisheries
ranges.
Historical AFMA logbook data for 2009 to 2013 indicates that
the Great Australian Bight Trawl Sector (GABTF) of the South
Eastern Scalefish and Shark Fishery has been very active in
this Release Area.
Additional information on the distribution of fishing effort in the
GABTF can be found at:
http://www.afma.gov.au/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/finalgab-manual_april-2011.pdf
AFMA recommends successful applicants liaise with
representatives of the above fishing interests at an early
stage in planning operational activities.
This Release Area also intersects the annual migratory path
for Southern Bluefin Tuna and habitat areas for the sardine
stock. Giant crabs exist in demersal habitats on the shelf
break at between 200-300 m. Potential bidders are also
37
Offshore Petroleum Exploration Acreage Release
encouraged to contact the South Australian Department of
Environment, Water and Natural Resources when planning
activities in Release Area W14-19.
Navigation
While Release Area W14-19 does not cross any chartered
Shipping Fairways, medium volumes of commercial shipping
traffic pass between Thevenard and Ceduna, South Australia,
and the shipping lanes south of Esperance, Western
Australia. This traffic will be encountered through the
eastern/south-eastern sections of Release Area W14-19.
When planning operations in this Release Area, proponents
are requested to contact the Nautical and Regulation Section
of AMSA with a view to obtaining traffic data and discussing
anti-collision prevention measures.
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AUSTRALIA 2014
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Offshore Petroleum Exploration Acreage Release