Year 9/10 Foundation
General Topic
Objectives
Grade
By the end of the module students should be able to …
ALGEBRA
NUMBER
SHAPE
PROBABILITY
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INTEGERS,
POWERS AND
ROOTS
ANGLES, POINTS
AND LINES
ALGEBRA
FRACTIONS
ALGEBRA
SHAPE
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Find the missing numbers in a number pattern or sequence
Find the nth term of a number sequence as an algebraic expression
Generate a sequence from the nth term
Add, subtract, multiply and divide integers
Round whole numbers to the nearest, 10, 100, 1000, …
Approximate decimals to a given number of decimal places or significant figures
Understand and use negative numbers
Write numbers in words and figures
Enlarge shapes by a given scale factor from a given point
Use the language of probability to describe the likelihood of an event
Represent and compare probabilities on a number scale
List all the outcomes from mutually exclusive events, e.g. from two coins, and sample space
diagrams
Write down the probability associated with equally likely events, e.g. the probability of drawing an
ace from a pack of cards
Know that if the probability of an event occurring is p than the probability of it not occurring is 1 – p
ASSESSMENT
Add, subtract, multiply and divide integers
Understand odd and even numbers, and prime numbers
Round whole numbers to the nearest, 10, 100, 1000, …
Multiply and divide whole numbers by a given multiple of 10
Find: squares; cubes; square roots of numbers, with and without a calculator
Understand and use negative numbers in context, eg thermometers
Distinguish between acute, obtuse, reflex and right angles
Estimate the size of an angle in degree
Use angle properties on a line and at a point to calculate unknown angles
Mark parallel and perpendicular lines in a diagram
Use letters or words to state the relationship between different quantities
Write a fraction in its simplest form and recognise equivalent fractions
Find a fraction of a quantity
ASSESSMENT
Simplify algebraic expressions in one, or more like terms, by adding and subtracting
Use angle properties of triangles to find missing angles
Draw nets of solids and recognise solids from their nets
Understand some properties of quadrilaterals
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C
D
G
G
F/E
G
G
D
G
F
E
F
E
G
G/F
G
G
F
G
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F/E
E
F
F
Year 9/10 Foundation
DATA COLLECTION
FORMULAE
DECIMALS
CIRCLES AND
POLYGONS
SOLVING
EQUATIONS
ILLUSTRATING
DATA
PERCENTAGES
COORDINATES
TRANSFORMATIONS
AVERAGES
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Design a simple question for a questionnaire
Understand the difference between: discrete and continuous data
Represent data as line graphs and bar charts
Use a two-way table
Substitute positive and negative numbers into simple algebraic formulae
ASSESSMENT
Understand and order decimals
Write fractions as decimals
Add and subtract decimals
Understand the terms associated with circles
Understand some of the properties of polygons
Solve linear equations with one, or more, operations
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Represent data as line graphs and pictograms
Represent data as a pie chart
ASSESSMENT
Understand that a percentage is a fraction in hundredths
Write a percentage as a decimal; or as a fraction in its simplest terms
Calculate the percentage of a given amount
Calculate a percentage increase/decrease
Write one number as a percentage of another number
Plot and read coordinates on a coordinate grid (in all four quadrants)
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Substitute values of x into linear functions to find corresponding values of y
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Plot points for linear functions on a coordinate grid and draw the corresponding straight lines
Draw lines of symmetry on shapes
Draw reflections on a mirror line
Draw and describe reflections on a grid
Understand and find the rotational symmetry of a shape
Understand and be able to describe rotations
Find the mode or the median for (small) sets of data
Find the mean and the range for (small) sets of data
Identify the modal class interval in grouped and ungrouped frequency distributions
ASSESSMENT
Use different scales for measuring
Convert metric units
Convert between metric and imperial measurements
Estimate lengths and heights
Interpret real life graphs
Use distance time graphs
MEASURES
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GRAPHS
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D
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E
E/D
G
F
F
F
F
F-C
G
F-D
G
G
F
F
F
F
F
E
G
G
D
F
F
G
F
F
F
F
E
F
F
E
Year 9/10 Foundation
INTERPRETING
STATISTICS
PERIMETER, AREA
AND VOLUME
USING A
CALCULATOR
CONSTRUCTIONS
SOLVING
PROBLEMS
INTEGERS,
POWERS AND
ROOTS
ALGEBRA
SHAPE
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Understand and use pictograms
Interpret pie-charts
Interpret line graphs
Compare two graphs
Find the perimeters and areas of rectangles
Find areas of shapes by counting squares
Use formulae to find the area of rectangles
Use formulae for the volume of cuboids
ASSESSMENT
Use a calculator to find square roots
Use a calculator efficiently
Measure using a ruler
Distinguish between acute, obtuse, reflex and right angles
Estimate the size of an angle in degrees
Measure and draw angle to the nearest degree
Construct triangles given 2 sides and an angle or 2 angles and one side
Work out the real distance from a map, e.g. Find the real distance represented by 4 cm on a map
with scale 1:25 000
Work out the distance on a map for a given real distance and scale
Solve problems involving time
Solve problems involving speed and time
ASSESSMENT
Write a number as a product of its prime factors, eg 108 = 22  33
Find the HCF and the LCM of numbers
Find: squares; cubes; square roots; cube roots of numbers, with and without a calculator
Find the reciprocal of a number
Clear brackets to expand and simplify simple algebraic expressions
Expand brackets leading to quadratic expressions
Find areas of triangles and parallelograms
Use angle properties on a line and at a point to calculate unknown angles
Use angle properties of triangles and quadrilaterals to calculate unknown angles
Use parallel lines to identify alternate and corresponding angles
Identify and list the properties of quadrilaterals
Calculate and use the sums of the interior angles of convex polygons of sides 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10
Know, or work out, the relationship between the number of sides of a polygon and the sum of its
interior angles
Know that the sum of the exterior angles of any polygon is 360 degrees
Find the size of each exterior/interior angle of a regular polygon
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E
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G
F
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D
D
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E
D
D
D
F
C
D
C/B
F
F
E
D
C
D/C
C
D
D
Year 9/10 Foundation
FRACTIONS,
DECIMALS AND
PERCENTAGES
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STATISTICAL
DIAGRAMS
AREAS AND
VOLUMES
EQUATIONS AND
INEQUALITIES
RATIO AND
PROPORTION
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STATISTICAL
CALCULATIONS
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PYTHAGORAS
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MENTAL METHODS
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Add and subtract fractions by using a common denominator
Write an improper fraction as a mixed number, and visa versa
Add and subtract mixed numbers
Convert a fraction to a decimal, or a decimal to a fraction
Multiply and divide a fraction by an integer, by a unit fraction and by a general fraction
(expressing the answer in its simplest form)
Calculate the percentage of a given amount
Find a percentage increase/decrease of an amount
ASSESSMENT
Represent data as:
Bar charts
Frequency polygons
Draw and produce a scatter graph
Distinguish between positive, negative and zero correlation using a line of best fit
Draw lines of best fit by eye and understand what it represents
Find the circumference and area of circles
Use formulae to find the area of shapes made up of rectangles and triangles
Use formulae to calculate the surface areas and volumes of cuboids, right-prisms and cylinders
Solve linear equations with one, or more, operations
Solve linear equations involving brackets
Solve fractional equations
Solve linear inequations with one, or more, operations (including fractional coefficients)
Solve linear inequations involving brackets
Understand what is meant by ratio
Write a ratio in its simplest form; and find an equivalent ratio
Share a quantity in a given ratio
ASSESSMENT
Find the median and mode
Find the mean of data given in an ungrouped frequency distribution
Use the mid interval value to find an estimate for the mean of data given in a grouped frequency
distribution
Use Pythagoras’ theorem to find unknown lengths, e.g. the height of an isosceles triangle given
the lengths of all three sides
Find the mid-point of a line
Add, subtract, multiply and divide
Find: squares; cubes; square roots; cube roots of numbers, with and without a calculator
Approximate decimals to a given number of decimal places or significant figures
Estimation
Multiply and divide with factors of 10
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D
Year 9/10 Foundation
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FORMULAE
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TRANSFORMATIONS
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PROBABILITY
GRAPHS
MEASURES
SEQUENCES
CONSTRUCTIONS
SOLVING
PROBLEMS
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Substitute positive and negative numbers into simple algebraic formulae
Rearrange simple formulae
Find approximate solutions through trial and improvement
ASSESSMENT
Transform triangles and other shapes by translation, rotation and reflection
Understand translation as a combination of a horizontal and vertical shift (including vector
notation)
Understand rotation as a turn about a given origin
Reflect shapes in a given mirror line. Initially line parallel to the coordinate axes and then y = x or
y = –x
Enlarge shapes by a given scale factor from a given point; using  whole number scale factors,
then positive fractional scale factors
Write down the probability associated with equally likely events, e.g. the probability of drawing an
ace from a pack of cards
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Know that if the probability of an event occurring is p than the probability of it not occurring is 1 – p
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Find the missing probability from a list or table
Find estimates of probabilities by considering relative frequency in experimental results (including
two-way tables)
Know that the more an experiment is repeated the better the estimate of probability
Substitute values of x into linear and quadratic functions to find corresponding values of y
Plot points for linear and quadratic functions on a coordinate grid and draw the corresponding
straight lines or curves
Use graphs of real life situations
Convert from one metric unit to another, e.g. mm 2 to cm2
Find interval approximations
Use and find compound measures, eg speed
Find the missing numbers in a number pattern or sequence
Find the nth term of a number sequence as an algebraic expression
Generate a sequence from the nth term
The perpendicular bisector of a line segment
The bisector of an angle
A region bounded by a circle and an intersecting line
A path equidistant from 2 points or 2 line segments, etc
Use a calculator
Estimation/rounding
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E/D
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C
D
D/C
C
D/C
C/B
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B
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E
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D