Supporting Information Table SI. Origin of samples, number of genitors, experimental
breeding, temperature treatment, number of sexed offspring (of the total number of
individuals that could be successfully raised), mortality from fertilization until the time
of sexing, and observed sex ratio (% males) of experiments with (a) Thymallus thymallus
and (b) Salmo trutta. ATU = accumulated thermal units, i.e. degreedays
Population
Experimental
Temperature
N sexed
(year),
design
treatment
(total)
Mortality
Sex
ratio
Genitors
a) T. thymallus
Aare
Full-factorial in
Constant 6°C until 60
609
(2007)
vitro fertilizations
ATU, constant 5°C
(~4,500)
7♀, 36♂
(females x males):
from 60-300 ATU, 8-
3 x 30 and 4 x 6;
15°C from then on
offspring split
Constant 6°C until 60
107
about equally to 4
ATU, constant 7°C
(~4,500)
different
from 60-300 ATU, 8-
temperature
15°C from then on
treatments and
Constant 6°C until 60
112
raised until
ATU, constant 9°C
(~4,500)
phenotypic sex
from 60-300 ATU, 8-
could be
15°C from then on
determined
Constant 6°C until 60
318
ATU, constant 11°C
(~4,500)
<5%
48.0%
<5%
44.9%
<5%
49.1%
<5%
47.5%
82.4%
47.2%
from 60-300 ATU, 8°15°C from then on
Rhine
Full-factorial in
Constant 6°C until 120
(2008)
vitro fertilizations: ATU, continuously
3♀, 24♂
3 x 24; offspring
254
(254)
increasing from 6°C -
split about equally 8°C between 180-300
to 2 different
ATU, with a 1°C daily
temperature
variation simulating
treatments and
day and night, 14°C
raised until
from then on
1
phenotypic sex
Constant 6°C until 120
0
could be
ATU, continuously
(0)
determined
increasing from 6°C -
(starting with in
12°C between 180-
total 2,880
300 ATU, with a 1°C
embryos raised in
daily variation
120 24-well
simulating day and
plates)
night, 14°C from then
100%
.
97.8%
63.0%
84.4%
46.0%
100%
.
90.1%
52.1%
89.8%
47.0%
on
Rhine
Full-factorial in
Constant 5°C until
(2009)
vitro fertilizations: 1,000 ATU, constant
6♀, 20♂
6 x 20; offspring
27
(27)
14°C from then on
split about equally Constant 10°C until
187
to 2 different
1,000 ATU, constant
(187)
temperature
14°C from then on
treatments, from
Constant 5°C until
0
1000 ATU on
1,000 ATU, ca 15°C
(0)
raised at two
from then on
different locations
Constant 10°C until 1
(starting with in
000 ATU, ca 15°C from (119)
total 4,800
then on
119
embryos raised in
200 24-well
plates)
Rhine
Full-factorial in
Continuously
(2010)
vitro fertilizations: increasing from 6°C -
6♀, 20♂
6 x 20; offspring
245
(245)
14.5°C until 1,000
split about equally ATU, 8°- 9°C from then
to 2 different
on
2
temperature
Continuously
250
treatments
increasing from 8.5°C
(~1,500)
(starting with in
-15°C until 1,000 ATU,
total 4,800
8°- 9°C from then on
39.6%
48.8%
98.3%
55.8%
20%
46.0%
85.6%
52.8%
embryos raised in
200 24-well
plates)
Aare
Full-factorial in
Constant 5°C until
(2011,
vitro fertilizations: 1,000 ATU, 8° - 9°C
early
2 x 10 (starting
season)
with in total 2,400
2♀, 10♂
embryos raised in
34
(34)
from then on
100 24-well
plates)
Aare
Full-factorial in
Constant 10°C until
(2011,
vitro fertilizations: 1,000 ATU, 8° - 9°C
late
2 x 10 (starting
season)
with in total 2,400
2♀, 10♂
embryos raised in
100
(~1,600)
from then on
100 24-well
plates)
b) S. trutta
Aare and 4
Full-factorial in
Continuously
339
tributaries
vitro fertilizations
declining from 6.5°C
(339)
(2009)
within
to 1°C until 400 ATU,
20♀, 30♂ populations, i.e. 5
then continuously
times 4 females x
increasing to 7°C until
6 males; offspring
1,000 ATU, then 8°-
about equally split 9°C
3
to 2 temperature
Continuously
208
treatments
increasing from 6.5°C
(208)
(starting with in
to 14.5°C until 1 000
total 4,800
ATU, 8°C to 9°C from
embryos raised in
then on
91.8%
47.6%
200 24-well
plates)
4