Supplemental Data 1: Additional Tables
CRITICAL REVIEW OF MERCURY SQVS FOR THE PROTECTION OF
BENTHIC INVERTEBRATES
Table S1. Co-occurrence sediment quality values for mercury
Table S2. Central tendency and upper bound statistics of concentrations of total mercury in soil
and sediment in North America.
Table S3. Equilibrium partitioning sediment quality values for mercury
References follow Tables S1 to S3.
2
Supplemental Table S1. Co-occurrence Sediment Quality Values for mercury.
Sediment Quality
Values
Rare Effect Level
Likelihood of
Cooccurrence
with Adverse
Effects
Low
Rare Effect Level
Water
Salinity
Salt
Sediment
Quality Value
(mg/kg, dw)
0.051
Low
Fresh
0.094
CCME 1995
Threshold Effect Level
Low
Estuarine/Salt
0.13
MacDonald et al.
1996
T20, Logistic
Regression Model
Low
Estuarine/Salt
0.14
Field et al. 2002
Effects Range Low
Low
Estuarine/Salt/
Fresh
0.15
Long and Morgan
1990, Long et al.
1995
Study Reference
CCME 1995
Subsequent Uses or Regulatory
Applications
Cited in: MacDonald et al. 1999,
Environment Canada and Ministère du
Développement durable, de
l’Environnement et des Parcs du
Québec, 2007
Cited in: MacDonald et al. 1999,
Environment Canada and Ministère du
Développement durable, de
l’Environnement et des Parcs du
Québec, 2007
Cited in: MacDonald et al. 1999, Burton
2002, MacDonald et al. 1996
Also known as: Interim Sediment
Quality Guideline (CCME 1999, CCME
2012, Environment Canada 1999,
Environment Canada and Ministère du
Développement durable, de
l’Environnement et des Parcs du
Québec 2007, Nagpal et al. 2006,
ORNL 2012, NSDOE 2004)
Cited in: NOAA 2008
Cited in: MacDonald et al. 1999, Burton
2002, MacDonald et al. 1996, ORNL
2012, NOAA 2008, OSWER 1996,
Texas CEQ 2006
Also known as: Interim Sediment
Quality Guideline-Low
(ANZECC/ARMCANZ 2000), Lowest
Effect Level (NYSDEC 1999)
Supplemental Table S1, continued.
Sediment Quality
Values
Threshold Effect Level
Likelihood of
Cooccurrence
with Adverse
Effects
Low
3
Water
Salinity
Fresh
Sediment
Quality Value
(mg/kg, dw)
0.174
Study Reference
Smith et al. 1996
Subsequent Uses or Regulatory
Applications
Cited in: MacDonald et al. 1999, Burton
2002, MacDonald et al. 2000,
Environment Canada and Ministère du
Développement durable de
l’Environnement et des Parcs du
Québec 2007, NOAA 2008, Also
known as: Interim Sediment Quality
Guideline (CCME 1999, CCME 2012,
Environment Canada 1999, Nagpal et
al. 2006, NSDOE 2004, ORNL 2012),
Ecological Screening Level (USEPA
2003), Système d’évaluation de la
qualité de l’eau des cours d’eau
(Evaluation System of water quality of
rivers; MEDD and Agences de l’eau
2003)
Cited in: Burton 2002, NOAA 2008,
ORNL 2012, Texas CEQ 2006, USEPA
2012, WDNR 2003
Consensus Based
Threshold Effect
Concentration
Low
Fresh
0.18
MacDonald et al.
2000
Lowest Effect Level
Low
Fresh
0.2
Persaud et al. 1993
Cited in: MacDonald et al. 1999, Burton
2002, NOAA 2008, ORNL 2012
Probable Apparent
Effects Threshold
High
Fresh
0.22
Cubbage et al. 1997
Cited in: MacDonald et al. 1999
Consensus 1 value
Low
Fresh
0.23
none known
Occasional Effect
Level
High
Fresh
0.25
de Deckere et al.
2011
CCME 1995
Cited in: MacDonald et al. 1999,
Environment Canada and Ministère du
Développement durable, de
l’Environnement et des Parcs du
Québec, 2007
Supplemental Table S1, continued.
Sediment Quality
Values
Proposed Interim
Sediment Quality
Value-low
Likelihood of
Cooccurrence
with Adverse
Effects
Low
4
Water
Salinity
Salt
Sediment
Quality Value
(mg/kg, dw)
0.28
Study Reference
Chapman et al.
1999a
Subsequent Uses or Regulatory
Applications
Cited in: Burton 2002
Occasional Effect
Level
High
Salt
0.29
CCME 1995
Cited in: MacDonald et al. 1999,
Environment Canada and Ministère du
Développement durable, de
l’Environnement et des Parcs du
Québec, 2007
none known
T50, Northern
California Logistic
Regression Model
High
Estuarine/Salt
0.3
Bay et al. 2012
Apparent Effects
Threshold
High
Salt
0.41
Barrick et al. 1988
Moderate Chemical
Score Index
High
Fresh/Salt
0.45
Ritter et al. 2012
Cited in: MacDonald et al. 1999, ORNL
2012
Also known as: Screening Level
(USACE et al. 2009), Sediment Quality
Standard (WSDOE 2011), Low
Apparent Effects Threshold (Vidal and
Bay 2005)
none known
T50, Logistic
Regression Model
High
Estuarine/Salt
0.48
Field et al. 2002
Cited in: NOAA 2008
Supplemental Table S1, continued.
Sediment Quality
Values
Probable Effect Level
Likelihood of
Cooccurrence
with Adverse
Effects
High
5
Water
Salinity
Fresh
Sediment
Quality Value
(mg/kg, dw)
0.486
Study Reference
Smith et al. 1996
Subsequent Uses or Regulatory
Applications
Cited in: Burton 2002, CCME 1999,
CCME 2012, Environment Canada
1999, Environment Canada and
Ministère du Développement durable
de l’Environnement et des Parcs du
Québec 2007, MacDonald et al. 1999,
MacDonald et al. 2000, Nagpal et al.
2006, NOAA 2008, NSDOE 2004,
ORNL 2012,
Also known as: Système d’évaluation
de la qualité de l’eau des cours d’eau
(Evaluation System of water quality of
rivers; MEDD and Agences de l’eau
2003)
Cited in: MacDonald et al. 1999
Also known as: Upper Effects
Threshold (Buchman 1999, NOAA
2008)
Apparent Effects
Threshold
High
Fresh
0.56
Cubbage et al. 1997
Apparent Effects
Threshold
High
Estuarine/Salt
0.59
Barrick et al. 1988
Cited in: MacDonald et al. 1999, ORNL
2012, Gries and Waldow 1997
Also known as: Sediment Impact Zone
Maximum Level and Sediment Cleanup
Screening Level/Minimum Cleanup
Level (WSDOE 2011)
Consensus Midpoint
Effect Concentration
High
Fresh/Salt
0.6
Vidal and Bay 2005
Cited in: Ritter et al. 2012
Consensus Based
Midpoint Effect
Concentration
High
Fresh
0.64
MacDonald et al.
2000
Cited in: WDNR 2003
Supplemental Table S1, continued.
6
Sediment Quality
Values
Probable Effect Level
Likelihood of
Cooccurrence
with Adverse
Effects
High
Effect Range Median
High
Estuarine/Salt/
Fresh
0.71
Long et al. 1995
Frequent Effect Level
High
Fresh
0.87
CCME 1995
Apparent Effects
Threshold
High
Salt
0.88
Barrick et al. 1988
T50, California
Logistic Regression
Model
High
Estuarine/Salt
1
Bay et al. 2008
Cited in: MacDonald et al. 1999, Bay et
al. 2012,
Ritter et al. 2012
Interim Sediment
Quality Guideline-high
High
Fresh/Salt
1
ANZECC/ARMCANZ
2000 (Long et al.
1995 rounded)
Cited in: MacDonald et al. 1999, Burton
2002, Chapman et al. 1999b
Also known as: Upper Chemical
Exceedance Level
(HKG CEDD 2002)
Water
Salinity
Estuarine/Salt
Sediment
Quality Value
(mg/kg, dw)
0.7
Study Reference
MacDonald et al.
1996
Subsequent Uses or Regulatory
Applications
Cited in: ORNL 2012, Burton 2002,
Environment Canada and Ministère du
Développement durable de
l’Environnement et des Parcs du
Québec 2007, MacDonald et al. 1996,
Nagpal et al. 2006, CCME 1999,
CCME 2012, Environment Canada
1999, NSDOE 2004, NOAA 2008,
Fairey et al. 2001
Cited in: MacDonald et al. 1999, Burton
2002, MacDonald et al. 1996, NOAA
2008, NJDEP 2010, NYSDEC 1999,
ORNL 2012, Ritter et al. 2012
Cited in: MacDonald et al. 1999,
Environment Canada and Ministère du
Développement durable, de
l’Environnement et des Parcs du
Québec, 2007
Cited in: MacDonald et al. 1999
Supplemental Table S1, continued.
Sediment Quality
Values
Consensus Based
Probable Effect
Concentration
Likelihood of
Cooccurrence
with Adverse
Effects
High
7
Water
Salinity
Fresh
Sediment
Quality Value
(mg/kg, dw)
1.06
Study Reference
MacDonald et al.
2000
Subsequent Uses or Regulatory
Applications
Cited in: Burton 2002, NOAA 2008,
ORNL 2012, WDNR 2003
Chemistry-Toxicity
Test (upper
limit)/Uniform Key
Content
High
Salt
1.2
Stronkhorst et al.
2001
Cited in: Manz et al. 2007
Consensus 2 value
High
Fresh
1.2
not known
Effect Range Median
High
Estuarine/Salt
1.3
de Deckere et al.
2011
Long and Morgan
1990
Apparent Effects
Threshold
High
Estuarine/Salt
1.4
Gries and Waldow
1997
none known
Frequent Effect Level
High
Salt
1.4
CCME 1995
Probable Apparent
Effects Threshold
High
Fresh
1.6
Cubbage et al. 1997
Cited in: MacDonald et al. 1999,
Environment Canada and Ministère du
Développement durable, de
l’Environnement et des Parcs du
Québec, 2007
Cited in: MacDonald et al. 1999
T80, Logistic
Regression Model
High
Estuarine/Salt
1.7
Field et al. 2002
none known
Severe Effect Level
High
Fresh
2
Persaud et al. 1993
Cited in: MacDonald et al. 1999, Burton
2002, Cubbage et al. 1997, NOAA
2008, ORNL 2012
Cited in: MacDonald et al. 1999, Burton
2002
Also known as: Disposal Option
Sediment Screening Criteria Wetlands
Creation Noncover (CDWR 1995),
Severe Effect Level (NYSDEC 1999)
Supplemental Table S1, continued.
Sediment Quality
Values
Apparent Effects
Threshold
Likelihood of
Cooccurrence
with Adverse
Effects
High
8
Water
Salinity
Salt
Sediment
Quality Value
(mg/kg, dw)
2.1
Study Reference
Barrick et al. 1988
Subsequent Uses or Regulatory
Applications
Cited in: MacDonald et al. 1999, Gries
and Waldow 1997
Also known as: High Apparent Effects
Threshold (Vidal and Bay 2005)
Apparent Effects
Threshold
High
Estuarine/Salt
2.3
Gries and Waldow
1997
none known
Apparent Effects
Threshold
High
Fresh
2.7
Cubbage et al. 1997
Cited in: MacDonald et al. 1999
9
Supplemental Table S2. Central tendency and upper bound statistics of concentrations of total mercury in soil and sediment in North
America.
Matrix
Surface
and
subsurface
soils
Marine
sediment
Location
California
Upper Bound Mercury
Concentration
(mg/kg)
1.5
Maximum
n
73
Reference
Dragun and Chiasson
1991
Bradford et al. 1996
California
0.26
Mean
0.9
Maximum
50
California, <2.5 feet
< 0.1
Median
0.3
99th Percentile
1604
New Jersey, Urban
Piedmont
New Jersey, Urban
Coastal Plain
New Jersey, Rural Ridge
and Valley Province
New Jersey, Rural
Highlands Province
New Jersey, Rural
Coastal Plain Province
0.18
Median
0.63
90th Percentile
67
Sanders 2003
< 0.1
Median
0.21
90th Percentile
91
Sanders 2003
0.1
Median
0.15
90th Percentile
23
Sanders 2003
0.09
Median
0.18
90th Percentile
23
Sanders 2003
0.04
Median
0.14
90th Percentile
44
Sanders 2003
Michigan
< 0.1
Median
0.6
Maximum
431
MDEQ 2005
United States
0.044
Median
1.956
Maximum
312
Burt et al. 2003
--
--
0.57
Maximum
NA
Chapman et al. 1999b
(Summary of various
sources)
0.08
Mean
0.28
Maximum
38
Tetra Tech 1985
0.0404
Mean
0.063
Maximum
28
0.082
Mean
0.234
Maximum
24
Bloom and Crecelius
1987
Crecelius et al. 1975
0.013
Mean
--
--
42
Di Guilio and Ryan 1987
0.07
Mean
--
--
NA
Alberts et al. 1990
Coastal United States
and Coastal Inlets of
British Columbia
Puget Sound Reference
Areas
Estuarine
sediment
Central Tendency Mercury
Concentration
(mg/kg)
0.15
Mean
Central Puget Sound,
Washington
Puget Sound,
Washington
Albemarle-Pamlico
Peninsula, North Carolina
Sapelo Island, Georgia
Hunter et al. 2005
Supplemental Table S2, continued.
Matrix
Freshwater
Sediment
Location
Apalachicola River,
Florida
Apalachicola River,
Florida
Apalachicola River,
Florida
Patuxent River, Maryland
10
Central Tendency Mercury
Concentration
(mg/kg)
0.03
Mean
Upper Bound Mercury
Concentration
(mg/kg)
---
n
NA
Reference
Horowitz and Elrick 1987
0.04
Mean
--
--
NA
Horowitz and Elrick 1987
0.01
Mean
--
--
NA
Horowitz and Elrick 1987
0.06
Mean
--
--
NA
Horowitz and Elrick 1987
Patuxent River, Maryland
0.09
Mean
--
--
NA
Horowitz and Elrick 1987
South Bay, Manitoulin
Island, Ontario
Great Lakes, Illinois
streams, Indiana lakes
and streams
0.228
Mean
0.490
Maximum
NA
Thomas 1972
--
--
0.44
Maximum
NA
Chapman et al. 1999b
(Summary of various
sources)
80 northern Minnesota
lakes
Southern Lake Michigan,
Michigan and Wisconsin
Southern Lake Michigan,
Michigan and Wisconsin
Lake Huron, Michigan
and Ontario
Elephant Butte Reservoir,
New Mexico
Lake Erie, Ohio
Great Slave Lake,
Canada
LaHave River System,
Nova Scotia
Sindicich Lagoon,
Briones Regional Park,
California
Sindicich Lagoon,
Briones Regional Park,
California
0.160
Mean
0.331
Maximum
NA
Sorenson et al. 1990
--
--
0.10
Maximum
NA
Frye and Shimp 1973
--
--
0.06
Maximum
NA
Kennedy et al. 1971
0.222
Mean
0.805
Maximum
163
Thomas 1973
0.057
Mean
0.089
Maximum
245
Garcia and Kidd 1979
0.08
28
Mean
Mean
0.19
100
Maximum
Maximum
NA
6
Kemp and Dell 1976
Allan 1979
0.34
Mean
1.06
Maximum
5
< 0.15
Mean
--
--
NA
Cranston and Buckley
1972
Bryden et al. 1991
0.12
Mean
--
--
NA
Bryden et al. 1991
Supplemental Table S2, continued.
Matrix
Location
Ned Wilson Lake,
Colorado
Mississippi River at
Venice, Louisiana
Mississippi River at
Tarbert, Louisiana
Lake Bruin, Louisiana
Willamette River, Doane
Lake Outlet, Oregon
Willamette River,
Columbia Slough,
Oregon
Willamette River, Swan
Island, Oregon
Upper Rockaway River,
New Jersey
Cranberry Lake, New
York
Sagamore Lake, New
York
Woods Lake, New York
Lake Ontario, New York
and Ontario
Rochester Basin, Lake
Ontario, New York
Roosevelt Lake,
Washington State
Yaharra River, Wisconsin
11
Central Tendency Mercury
Concentration
(mg/kg)
0.04
Mean
Upper Bound Mercury
Concentration
(mg/kg)
---
n
NA
Reference
Horowitz and Elrick 1987
0.06
Mean
--
--
NA
Horowitz and Elrick 1987
< 0.01
Mean
--
--
NA
Horowitz and Elrick 1987
0.06
0.06
Mean
Mean
---
---
NA
NA
Horowitz and Elrick 1987
Horowitz and Elrick 1987
0.08
Mean
--
--
NA
Horowitz and Elrick 1987
0.06
Mean
--
--
NA
Horowitz and Elrick 1987
0.2
Mean
--
--
NA
Smith et al. 1987
< 1.5
Mean
--
--
NA
Scrudato et al. 1987
0.28
Mean
--
--
NA
Heit et al. 1981
0.3
0.07
Mean
Mean
-0.09
-Maximum
NA
NA
Heit et al. 1981
Kemp and Dell 1976
--
--
0.395
Maximum
NA
Thomas 1972
< 0.07
Mean
--
--
4
0.03
Mean
--
--
NA
Horowitz and Elrick 1987
Nemadji River, Wisconsin
0.03
Mean
--
--
NA
Horowitz and Elrick 1987
Great Lakes Basin,
Ontario
Ottawa River, Ontario
and Quebec
0.10
Mean
--
--
NA
Persuad et al. 1992
0.28
Mean
--
--
48
Oliver 1973
Johnson et al. 1990
Supplemental Table S2, continued.
Matrix
Location
Rideau River, Ontario
12
Central Tendency Mercury
Concentration
(mg/kg)
0.20
Mean
Ohio, Statewide
--
--
Upper Bound Mercury
Concentration
(mg/kg)
---
n
68
Reference
Oliver 1973
0.12
512
Ohio EPA 2003
Reference value
[1[
Notes:
[1]: Reference value is defined as the interquartile range (distance between the 25th and 75th percentile) multiplied by 1.5 and added
to the upper quartile (75th percentile) value.
13
Supplemental Table S3. Equilibrium Partitioning Sediment Quality Values for mercury,
Study Reference
Crommentuijn et al. 2000
Fluck et al. 2010
Bakke et al. 2010
Bakke et al. 2010
Sediment Quality Value
Maximum Permissible Concentration
Sediment quality criteria
Good
Moderate
Likelihood of
Cooccurrence
with Adverse
Effects
Moderate
Low
Low
Moderate
Water Salinity
Fresh/Salt
Fresh
Salt
Salt
Sediment Quality
Value
(mg/kg, dw)
10
0.67
0.63
0.86
14
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