SUSTAINABLE SCHOOLS LEARNING COMMUNITIES PROGRAM UNIT: SUSTAINABILITY AND OUR LOCAL ENVIRONMENT Year 6 Terms 2 and 3 The Sustainable Schools NSW Learning Communities Project [NSWSSLCP] is a 12 month pilot project where participating schools have been supported to work with their communities to collectively identify and investigate a locally relevant sustainability issue. After collectively identifying the issue they will cooperatively develop an action plan to address the issue. [Action Plan itself may or may not commence in 2010.] This project is jointly funded by the Department of Environmental Climate Change and Water NSW and the Commonwealth Department of Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts and supported by the NSW Department of Education and Training. The aim of the SSLVP is to have students work together with other local schools and their communities (“beyond the fence”) to value their environment and learn how to create change in ways that matter. This unit is the result of combining the ideas and practices of the Liverpool cluster of the Sustainable Schools NSW Learning Communities Project during Terms 2 and 3 in 2010 when teachers and students made the aim a reality. The Year 6 teachers from the cluster have collaborated on all aspects of the project during the year. The schools in the cluster are: All Saints Catholic PS Liverpool St Joseph’s Catholic PS Moorebank St Christopher’s Catholic PS Holsworthy St Therese Catholic PS Sadlier The teachers involved have developed this evolving quality unit of work which focuses on sustainability concepts and engagement with the local community and environment. The pedagogy used has focused on student centeredness, problem solving, inquiry, observation, data gathering, using technological resources and collaboration both between students and between schools and their communities. Involvement of community members and organisations is a key feature. The unit helps to achieve outcomes for the current NSW Syllabuses in English, Science and Technology , Mathematics and Human Society and its Environment. 1 NSW SYLLABUS OUTCOMES English Maths Science and Technology OUTCOMES Talking and listening Writing TS3.1 Communicates effectively for a range of purposes and with a variety of WS3.9 Produces a wide range of well-structured and well-presented literary audiences to express well-developed, well-organised ideas dealing with challenging and factual texts for a wide variety of purposes. topics. WS3.12 Produces texts in a fluent and legible style and uses computer TS3.2 Interacts productively and with autonomy in pairs and groups, effective oral technology to present effectively. presentation skills and strategies and listens attentively. Reading RS3.5 Read independently a range of texts with increasing content demands and responds to themes and issues. Working Mathematically Measurement WMS3.2 Selects and applies appropriate problem-solving strategies, undertaking MS3.1 Selects and uses appropriate unit and device to measure lengths, investigations. distances and perimeters. WMS3.4 Gives a valid reason for supporting one possible solution. Data WMS3.5 Links mathematical ideas and makes connections with existing knowledge. DS3.1 Displays and interprets data in graphs with scales of many to one Number correspondence NS3.4 Compares, orders and calculates with decimals, simple fractions and simple percentages Content strands Learning processes BES3.1 Creates and evaluates built environments demonstrating consideration of INVS3.7 Conducts their own investigations and make judgements based on the sustainability and aesthetic, cultural, safety and functional issues. results of observing, questioning, planning, predicting, testing, collecting, ICS3.2 Creates and evaluates information products and processes, demonstrating recording and analysing data, and drawing conclusions. consideration of the type of media, form, audience and ethical issues. UTS3.9 Evaluates, selects and uses a range of equipment, computer-based LTS3.3 Identifies, describes and evaluates the interactions between living things and technology, materials and other resources. their effects on the environment. DM S3.8 Develops and resolves a design task by planning, implementing PPS3.4 Identifies and applies processes involved in manipulating, using and changing managing and evaluating design processes. the form of energy PSS3.5 Creates and evaluates products and services, demonstrating consideration of sustainability, aesthetic, cultural, safety and functional issues. ESS3.6 Recognises that the Earth is the source of most materials and resources, and describes phenomena and processes, both natural and human, that form and change the Earth over time. 2 HSIE Environments ENS3.5 Demonstrates an understanding of how individuals and groups can act in an ecologically responsible manner. ENS3.6 Explains how various beliefs and practices influence the ways in which people interact with, change and value their environment Social Systems and Structures SSS3.7 Describes how people, systems and communities are globally interconnected and recognise global responsibilities. Change and Continuity CCS3.1 Explains the significance of particular people, groups, places, actions and events DRAFT NATIONAL CURRICULUM OUTCOMES English Maths Note that as these are draft outcomes, only the current NSW outcomes will be shown throughout the program OUTCOMES Language 5. Comprehension strategies 3. Persuasive language Make inferences about attitudes, beliefs and values by drawing upon previous Rhetorical devices can be used to persuade others learning and experiences and attending to language and selection of detail 4. Modality 6. Purposes of texts Modality can be used to increase or decrease the degree of certainty or obligation Identify likely purposes and audiences of written, spoken, visual and 5. Vocabulary expansion multimodal texts Choice of vocabulary is important in expressing very specific meanings 8. Research skills 16. Vocabulary expansion Determine the nature and extent of information needed and selectively source Use of word origins, word endings, base words and suffixes and prefixes, spelling specific information using evaluative library and online research skills patterns and generalisations to support spelling 10. Multimodal texts Interpret a wide range of non-verbal conventions (visual, auditory, technical Literacy and symbolic) and their interaction with each other in multimodal texts 1. Listening and responding 12. Creating texts Listen for detail and irrelevancies, recording key points, comparing their notes with Select from a range of media and experiment creatively with the production of others and retelling the information in their own words multimodal texts 2. Discussing and responding 14. Oral communication skills Use talk to clarify ideas; interrogate and develop arguments; share and evaluate Present to groups and whole class in a clear and interesting manner with experiences; request and give information; and contribute to discussions, appropriate register, tone, volume, pace, gesture and facial expression negotiating roles and tasks as necessary 15. Organising information 3. Research skills Plan, draft, and edit work, consulting with others as appropriate and Use a range of strategies and references to access general and subject specific proofreading before final presentation vocabulary including dictionary codes to find information regarding grammar, word usage and word origin Number and Algebra Measurement and Geometry 3 5. Ratio and rate Recognise and solve problems involving unit ratio and everyday rates and check for reasonableness of answers 6. Decimals Understand and work fluently with decimal numbers to thousandths, and multiply and divide numbers including decimals by whole numbers to solve additive problems, including using technology Science and Technology Statistics and Probability 1. Data representation Construct, read and interpret tables and graphs including ordered stem and leaf plots, and construct pie charts and other simple data displays including using technology 2. Data interpretation Interpret secondary data presented in the media and elsewhere, identifying misleading representations and distinguishing between samples and populations Science as Human Endeavour as a Human Endeavour 1. Nature of science Science ideas and understandings change as new evidence becomes available (eg how ideas about resource use and sustainable energy use have developed) 2. Influence of science Science has led to changes in the way people live and its applications both influence, and can be influenced by, personal and community choices (eg in relation to sustainable practices) 3. Collaboration in science Teams of scientists are often required to work together on projects (eg in environmental science, in researching sustainable energy sources and technologies) 5. Science and culture Science and culture interact to influence personal and community choices (eg in making decisions about resource use and sustainable management of the environment) Science Understanding 1. Relationships of living things Relationships between living things, including food webs, and suitability for particular habitats 4 2. Measurement Solve problems involving comparison of length, area, volume and other attributes using appropriate tools, scales and metric units 3. Metric System Work fluently with the metric system to convert between metric units of length, capacity and mass, using whole numbers and commonly used decimals 8. Location Describe and interpret locations and give and follow directions, using scales, legends, compass points, including directions such as NE and SW, distances, and grid references basis Science inquiry skills 1. Questioning and predicting Identify simple questions that can be investigated scientifically and predict the outcome of an investigation 2. Investigation methods Contribute to decisions about the investigation method to use, including using fair tests, models, information research, surveys and data from secondary sources 3. Fair testing Identify the variables that should be kept the same and decide which one should be changed and which one measured in fair tests 4. Using equipment Collaboratively select equipment and materials and use them safely and appropriately, identifying potential risks 5. Observing and measuring Use a range of tools to accurately observe, measure and record data and represent it in a variety of ways including tables and graphical methods, using ICT where appropriate 6. Analysing results Identify and describe patterns or relationships in observations and data 2. Using Earth's resources Human activity, such as the use and management of water, energy sources and mineral resources, can have consequences for the environment and other living things 5. Sustainable energy transformations Sustainable sources of energy, including water, solar and wind, and how they can be transformed into useful forms of energy 5 7. Developing explanations Compare observations and data with predictions and use as evidence in developing explanations 8. Communicating Use a range of forms to represent and communicate evidence, ideas and explanations including using models and reports 9. Reflecting on methods Reflect on the process of investigation to evaluate the quality of evidence and to suggest improvements to the planning of investigations Summary of main phases TERM 2 TERM 3 6 7 Wk Term 2 Weeks 4 and 5 Outcomes S&T INV S3.7 ICS3.2 UTS3.9 Eng TS3.1 TS3.2 HSIE ENS3.5 Phase/Theme Teaching/Learning Experiences Introducing the major task/problem for the project: What is an important environmental issue in our community that we can do something about? Introducing the task/problem to children: To get to know the local environment and find an environmental issue to investigate. Eliciting prior knowledge: What will we need to learn about first? (Firstly we need to learn how the environment works.) Create a word bank that students will be using for the unit. Use the word bank to provide the meanings of each of the terms. Add to your word bank throughout the year. Include: biodiversity, biotic, abiotic, ecology, and ecosystem. What is an ecosystem? Recording our journeyusing wikis Ask students to brainstorm some ecosystems that are present in Australia and use the above language to describe them. Students record questions that they would like to know about the environment. Language Resources biodiversity, sustainability, biotic, abiotic, ecology, ecosystems wiki wiki space desert mangroves freshwater marine forest rainforest grasslands Dictionary Biodiversity and sustainability magazines What are some environmental issues in the news? Invite students to search for some newspaper articles, magazines or booklets that are related to the environment. Collect and group them into the following: world, state and local issues. With these articles create a collage and display for the class to view. Week 6 S&T LTS3.3 Eng TS3.1, TS3.2 An Australian environment/ ecosystem Using wiki spaces: we are going to use wikis as a part of recording our journey and as a form of communication between the 4 schools and between the research groups in the class. Encourage students to use the discussion pages to share information. Identify a fragile Australian environment for example, the Murray River and the Coorong. View a DVD on this pristine environment. For example, view the movie, Storm Boy made when the Coorong was a thriving environment abundant with a variety of fauna and flora. Identify the living things and the relationships between them HSIE 8 Wall display KWL Charts Materials, pictures or video to Illustrate biotic and abiotic (eg plants, insects, rocks, water) Laptops Resilient Planet Manual fragile pristine fauna flora interdependence animal plant catchment DVD Storm Boy Video on Coorong TED Website Sylvia Earle video ENS3.5 Weeks 7 and 8 S&T INVS3.7 DMS3.8 LTS3.3 ESS3.6 PPS3.4 Sustainability of natural systems Nature is the key to sustainability. Discuss the sustainability of natural processes, in particular: Water cycle: Observe puddles “disappearing” in time Observe what happens when a glass of water is left in the sun with and without plastic wrap on top. Label a diagram of the water cycle Carbon cycle Plants take in carbon dioxide to make plant tissue Burn some food- goes black, indicating it contains carbon Animals eat food which contains carbon, extract the energy from it and breathe out carbon dioxide waste Both die and carbon returns to the air Label a diagram of the carbon cycle Food webs Construct a food chain from the Murray ecosystem Construct a food web from the Australian bush Review how plants and animals are interdependent and keep each other in check Eng TS3.1 TS3.2 Maths MS3.1 DS3.1 WMS3.2 Week 9 S&T INVS3.7 LTS3.3 Eng Alternatively: Log onto TED website and watch the Sylvia Earle video on the ocean and its importance to the health of the planet. Students take notes and discuss key points. Each group to share one important point with the class. Sylvia talks about the ocean and its importance to the health of the planet on this website. Again, identify the living things and the relationships between them. Question the students on the concept of Sustainability. Use a mind map technique to explain what they know already about sustainability Define the term by viewing the Liverpool Council website. Recognising environments in trouble In groups discuss the concept of Nature as the original keeper of sustainability. How is this so? Read the article ‘Murray River. Artery of a Nation.’ What is an artery? Utilise the analogy of arteries within the human body View various media clips on the Coorong. Discuss how such an environment can be sustained. What is the state of the Coorong now compared to 30 yrs ago? Discuss what 9 aquatic marine eucalypt carbon energy energy flow cycle food web food chain producer consumer herbivore carnivore omnivore oxygen carbon dioxide respiration photosynthesis Gould League Food webs kitPrimary artery degradation threat threatened Article ‘Murray River… Artery of a Nation. The Lorax Water cycle diagram Saucepan with clear lid and hotplate Containers and plastic wrap for each group Bread and toaster Carbon cycle poster Plants in potsyoung and older, same type Aquarium with water plants and fish Week 10 TS3.1 TS3.2 RS3.5 factors may have caused this system to have become under threat. What impact does human activity have on pristine environments and therefore what responsibilities fall upon our shoulders? This leads into a confirmation of what sustainability is. HSIE ENS3.5 ENS3.6 S&T ESS3.6 PPS3.4 BES3.1 Read the book, ‘The Lorax’ by Dr Seuss and discuss the environmental and human implications within the story. Read the book together and talk about each page. Students to create posters with mini slogans to help promote the message in the book. View the video, ‘The Story of Stuff.’ Discuss the main points made- emphasis on consumption, one finite planet, limited resources, and disruption of nature’s cycles. Barriers to sustainability What are the barriers to sustainability? Brainstorm ideas -pollution -Ignorance -apathy -greed -money -selfishness -disempowerment In groups students give examples of what each means. Eng TS3.1 TS3.2 HSIE ENS3.5 ENS3.6 SSS3.7 Term 3 Week 1 S&T BES3.1 INVS3.7 Eng WS3.9 WS3.12 HSIE ENS3.6 CCS3.1 Our local environment Mapping Watch video clip: “The girl who silenced the world”. Students take notes of what they have heard from this video clip and what her purpose was to speak in front of the UN. Ask the students how they feel after watching the video. Have a discussion about some of the issues brought up. Invite students to investigate their local area and local neighbourhood. Print out the Liverpool City Council map and explore the area and its boundaries. Print out some more maps from Google maps to magnify some areas. Shade the areas that show waterways and parks. Ask students to brainstorm the ecosystems that are present in their local areas. Go on an adventure walk with the class around thelocal area. Explore the Liverpool Memorial, Liverpool Westfield’s food court, Macquarie St. Mall, Liverpool Railway Station and Bigge Park. 10 pollution consumer consumption third world finite resource apathy empowering sustainable sustainability sustainable development global Annie Lennox, Story of Stuff bush mangrove urban coordinates boundary recreation reserve development commercial residential transport community Map Of the Liverpool Area Post-It-Notes Markers String Blu-Tac You tube – The girl who silence the world Week 2 Maths MS3.1 DS3.1 S&T LTS3.3 INVS3.7 DMS3.8 Flora and fauna of the Liverpool area Encourage students to explore the Liverpool City Council website to see what information they can find on plants and animals in Liverpool, any recent changes to buildings etc. and also any environment groups that may be helpful. Eng RS3.5 HSIE ENS3.5 SSS3.7 Week 3 Eng TS3.1 TS3.2 How have introduced species impacted on the local environment? Read articles in the Sustainability magazine about endangered frogs. Focus on the description of frogs as "environmental indicators." Explain that frogs play a vital role in the balance of biodiversity within ecosystems. Students share their prior knowledge and experiences of frogs in their backyards or at their local parks etc.. Students investigate their local waterways to see if they can find frogs or tadpoles and take photographs of the areas. Key issues in the local environment Eng Create a poster to help promote saving our plants and animals. Post these around the neighbourhood What’s an environmental problem, when is it an issue? As a class talk and discuss the most common problems in our local area. HSIE ENS3.5 ENS3.6 Week 4 Individually create a factual recount on the day trip and share this with the class. Create different sections for different groups and create a recount book for the class. Some students may create a story map or a picture map. Flora and Fauna – Explain each of the terms, invasive species, introduced species, threatened species, indicator species and animal habitats. Students research some of the plants and animals in the local area. Impacts of people in our Students will identify many of the key issues in the environment identified so far (eg waste, pollution, introduced species), list these and raise questions about them: Liverpool Memorial: Plantations, Birds Liverpool Westfield: More recycling bins in the food court areas Macquarie St Mall: Recycling Bins, Graffiti, Local Council Rubbish Bin, Birds, Different Cultures of people Liverpool Railway station: Transport, Recycling, Graffiti Bigge Park: Flora and Fauna, weeds, rubbish bins Brainstorm local area sites where sustainability is threatened or where an environmental 11 location waterways endemic introduced species invasive feral indicator habitat tadpole amphibian balance metamorphosis endangered threatened recycling waste rubbish litter pollution graffiti weed scavenger issue positive Liverpool Council website Birds in backyards website Royal Botanic gardens website Threatened species website WS3.9 WS3.12 RS3.5 local area Contacting community groups issue is noted. Students begin to collect local newspapers Encourage them to search for the positive impacts and the negative impacts of people on the environment. Students take photos and list the places that are of concern. To add to our collage, students will then write on paper some places that they have seen that have been affected by pollution etc. Students write some suggestions of how we can help that area. HSIE ENS3.5 ENS3.6 CCS3.1 Students form small groups and together draft letters to the various agencies that they have researched that can provide them with information on the local land areas and waterways within and around Liverpool. These groups may include for example: Sydney Water, Liverpool council, NSW State Member for Waterways, Voyager Point community Group, Anzac Creek Community Group, Leacocks Lane Environmental Group. Students will post each of their draft letters on the "Kids" wiki space Week 5 S&T LTS3.3 BES3.1 INVS3.7 Students will create letters to some community groups to request a representative to come out to the school for a visit. On their visit they are to explain their purpose, their role, what their organisation does to help the community and how we can help. Students could also email the local Council environmental manager to ask specific questions regarding, (for example frogs in Liverpool) and to locate more information. Positive impacts: Community groups-guest speakers ctd Eng HSIE ENS3.5 ENS3.6 CCS3.1 Students in small groups formulate questions that they wish to ask the environmental manager from Liverpool City Council about some of the issues they have identified in or around their local land area or waterway . Students formulate questions about the local ecosystems that will be placed on a whiteboard. As the students research, investigate and locate more information they will revisit the question board and try to give some answers negative impact safety agency organisation government council represent utility role research data observation inference record Guest Speakers from Liverpool City Council and other organisations ph acidity Water samples from the Students continue to investigate the local area and gather more information. Encourage students to raise more questions as they learn more about what makes ecosystems. Using a large scale map of the Liverpool area, have students use post-it-notes to list facts and observations about their areas and stick them on the map in the appropriate location. Week 6 S&T INVS3.7 Interschool excursion Participate in a field trip to Light Horse park and Chipping Norton Lake. 12 UTS3.9 ESS3.6 LTS3.3 Eng TS3.2 Week 7 HSIE ENS3.5 ENS3.6 CCS3.1 S&T INVS3.7 UTS3.9 ESS3.6 LTS3.3 ICS3.2 Eng WS3.9 WS3.12 HSIE ENS3.5 ENS3.6 CCS3.1 Maths WMS3.2 WMS3..5 NS3.4 Investigating a local issue Local history Water testing Flora and fauna Story of stuff Invasive species Plenary salinity turbidity concentration macroinvertebrate historian Group students across the grade into “areas of interest”. Alternatively, split the students into 5 or 6 groups. After identifying 5 specific local issues in the environment. eg. To do with air pollution, rubbish pollution, endangered species, plants and butterflies and bats in Liverpool, students are to do ongoing research to find out about their chosen issue. action plan questionnaire audit survey interview sample participants perspective Students begin work on ideas for their draft “action plan” using the template provided. Groups meet on a regular basis to: Discuss their issue Prepare an action plan to address the issue Delegate responsibilities within members of the group Research the area with a view to presenting information about the issue and possible solutions to the whole grade. Students create emails to send out to relevant organisations. Students are to create a letter to the Liverpool Council to inform them of their project and to ask for any assistance. Students may also design: Questionnaires Audits Surveys Practical investigations Observation schedules Groups may design, for example, a questionnaire for students in the school, parents and 13 Georges river And Wattle Grove Lake Bug Identifying Chart Ice cube trays Magnifying glass Weeks 8 and 9 S&T INVS3.7 UTS3.9 ESS3.6 Investigating a local issue ctd HSIE ENS3.5 ENS3.6 CCS3.1 carers, high school students and/or local residents to help investigate an issue within the community in order to obtain different perspectives from a variety of different people. Examples of specific issues: 1) Students focus on the concept of waste a common issue in relation to sustainability. (Using Williams HOT activities). Students may complete a series of tasks in relation to plastic waste as a major cause of environmental concern. Plastic as a product is researched as a common pollutant. Injection moulding and statistics on the use of plastic are presented to the group. GRCCC website http://www.ge orgesriver.org. au/GRCCC.html Water samples from the Georges river And Wattle Grove Lake Bug Identifying Chart Ice cube trays Magnifying glass 2) Water pollution – Collect water from the Georges River and test for pH (using a pool test kit), turbidity and salt concentration (using a Streamwatch kit). Organise a class excursion to the local river. Students participate in water testing with a parent and Sustainable Schools teacher or teacher from Streamwatch. Students use dip nets and look at the macro-invertebrates (“bugs”) found in the water samples from the local waterway. Students identify these and then infer whether the water sample was healthy or polluted according to what bugs were found. (Very Sensitive, Sensitive, Tolerant) Maths WMS3.2 WMS3.4 WMS3.5 NS3.4 Butcher’s paper Students brainstorm ideas on how they could gather information and promote their study of the area of interest. Students may create posters, weebly sites and Glogster pamphlets. Students may create a survey that the parent community could complete to find the broader community’s knowledge and opinions about their local area of interest. Markers laptops Students use class time to research any topic that supports their sustainability project. Week 10 S&T INVS3.7 UTS3.9 ESS3.6 ICS3.2 Presentation of findings Begin to form an “Action Plan” Student groups report back to the grade concerning their progress in their Sustainability Project and what they will do next. They may present their progress report to the class in a number of creative ways. For example, students may take on a character and try to engage the class in their project, or students may teach the class what they have been learning about. Presentations will be 14 report engage videoed. Eng TS3.1 TS3.2 WS3.9 Investigations will continue into Term 4 HSIE ENS3.5 ENS3.6 CCS3.1 Term 4 Future unit of work Using the schools SEMP and the Annual Development Plan, students identify areas of strength and weakness in terms of environmental management within the school. Students brainstorm all the ways in which the school has implemented procedures that promote sustainability. Students carry out audits to check if past decisions regarding environmental practice have made a difference to waste, and water and energy usage. Make a list of areas highlighting further research and investigation on how the school can make improvements and apply better practices to enhance sustainability. Resources Dr Seuss. The Lorax Endangered frogs in NSW http://www.naturalresources.nsw.gov.au/water/wetlands_facts_litoria.shtml http://frogs.org.au/ http://www.rainforestinfo.org.au/spp/ Endangered species in NSW Gould League Food Webs kit- Primary GRCCC Georges River combined councils committee. http://www.georgesriver.org.au/GRCCC.html Identifying local birds http://www.birdsinbackyards.net/ Identifying local plants http://www.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/plant_info Lennox, Annie Story of Stuff http://www.storyofstuff.com 15 The Green School Challenge program Liverpool Council Resilient Planet Manual Storm Boy DVD Sustainability Web site Sylvia Earle talk on protecting the oceans Threatened species website Waste websites http://www.liverpool.nsw.gov.au/environment.htm www.teceo.com http://www.ted.com/talks/sylvia_earle_s_ted_prize_wish_to_protect_our_oceans.html http://www.threatenedspecies.environment.nsw.gov.au/index.aspx http://www.zerowasteaustralia.org/ http://www.ecocycle.org/zerowaste/ Winters, Bob Australian Guide to Garden Wildlife. Gould league You tube – The girl who silence the world 16