Name: ____________________________Date: _____________________Period: __________
Water Pollution
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______________________ is the substance that has a ______________effect on water or the
living things that depend on water.
The substances that cause water pollution are called: __________________
Point source pollution
Sources of pollution are classified, in part, by how they enter a body of water.
1. ________________________ pollution is a specific source of pollution that can be identified.
Example: _______________________________________________________________________
2. Nonpoint source pollution
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A widely spread source of pollution that can’t be tied to a specific point of origin is
called________________________.
Example: Runoff from a _____________________, ______________, or a _________________
Effects of Pollutants
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Some pollutants can build up in the bodies of living things.
___________________ are chemicals intended to kill insects and other organisms that damage
crops.
Example of a pesticide is ________________
A very small amount of DDT in water can build up
levels in living things- _______________________
Major Sources of Water Pollution
The three major sources of water pollution are:
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___________________
___________________
to harmful
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______________________
Human waste
1. Sewage in ____________, During heavy rains or floods, sanitary sewers somtimes overflow and
can pollute ________________________.
If this happens, people are often told to _________ water for drinking and cooking after a flood.
The ________________ ills many ______________________ organisms.
2. Sewage in ____________________ areas, people must be careful where they locate __________
tanks.
If a tank is too near a stream or on a hill, ________________ can leak into the stream or flow
downhill to the area of a __________ and down to the _________________.
Sewage In Rural Areas
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Wastes from ___________,________ & ____________ can
also be a problem in rural areas.
Animal wastes can ___________ from pastures and
barnyards and pass ________________________________
and other kinds of pollution into bodies of water.
I
Industrial Wastes
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_________________
_________________
_________________
Produced by factories, mines and other industry.
Chemicals- point source
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Many factory processes involve toxic chemicals and strong acids
Other toxic wastes are produced as a result of ______________________ and _____________
processes.
Although ______ control many ________________ of chemical pollution, some factories still release
_________ chemicals into nearby rivers and lakes.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ihFkyPv1jtU
(Methyl mercury and Minamata Bay)
Reading: Mercury Pollution Threatens Health Worldwide, Scientist Say
Chemical- nonpoint
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Another problem is pollution caused by ________________ sources.
In the past, many industries stored toxic wastes in _________ or other containers buried
underground.
Over the years, however, many of these containers _________ or__________.
The chemicals leaked out, polluting both the __________ and the ____________________.
Abandoned Nuclear waste in a German salt mine
Smoke and Exhaust
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Many power plants and factories burn _______ or _______ to fuel their processes.
The engines of millions of cars, trucks and buses burn _______________.
____________ and ____________ from these sources pour into the air, especially in large cities.
When coal, oil and gasoline are burned, the gases __________________ and ________________
are released into the atmosphere.
The sulfur and nitrogen react with the ____________ __________, forming sulfuric and nitric
acid- _______________________________.
Acid Rain is rain or another form of precipitation that is more _____________ than normal.
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Affect _______
Harm ________
Destroy stone ____________ and ___________.
Heat Pollution
Much of the water in factories is used to cool machinery or metal objects.
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_________ water can act as a pollutant
Most organisms tolerate a narrow range of _____________
Warm water released by factory into a nearby river of pond raises the temperature of the water,
sometimes enough to ______ the organisms that live there.
Chemical Runoff
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Farmers spread or spray ________________ on their fields to increase crop yield.
Falling rain washes some of the chemicals away- ____________________
Water used for irrigation also creates ________________
The fertilizer in the runoff are a _________________ source of pollution
Farms:
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Fertilizer runoff into _____________ and __________ is
responsible for speeding up the process of _____________________.
Runoff and irrigation water carry away pollutants from farm fields such as
____________________ and __________________.
When too many nutrients, such as
phosphorus and nitrogen, are in the
water a condition as known
eutrophication occurs. The process
begins with an accelerated growth
of algae with the end result being
that oxygen in the water is depleted
as plant matter decays, killing fish
and shellfish.
Runoff from roads
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When it rain, runoff carries oil into rivers
and lakes or underground and into the
groundwater.
During winter, runoff also picks up
________ that is spread on roads and
sidewalks to melt ____.
______________, _______, and _______
are _______________ sources that pollute
rivers and lakes.
They can also seep underground and
pollute _________ and _____________.
Pollution Solutions:
1. _________ up existing problems
2. _______________ new problems
3. Save the _________________ and
let them naturally filter and clean the
water.