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Erik Carpenter
Stacey Dearing
English 106
14 April 2014
GMO’s
1.) Citation:
Chassy, Bruce. “The History and Future of GMO’s in Food and Agriculture.” Cereal Foods
World. Vol. 52. Issue 4 Jul/Aug 2007:Pages 169-172.Print.
2.)
In this article the author is proposing ways that genetically modified organisms are
good and safe, but at the same time presenting the opposition to the matter. Genetically
modified organisms are crops that have been modified in order to produce a higher yield
for a more profitable gain. There are fewer inputs needed when working with genetically
modified organisms. The author assesses the situation at hand and gives some very good
facts on how they feel about the matter. The author proposes a good argument. The author
believes that the genetically modified foods are just as safe if not safer than the organically
produced crops. Throughout the paper the author gives very good factual information and
the author also provides percentages and numbers. These numbers can be very helpful to
the reader when trying to gain more insight on the matter at hand with genetically
modified foods. Not only did the author give the benefits, which is great information, but
the author also presented the oppositions side of the article. In order for the author to
make a good argument the author needs to be able to make references to either side of the
argument. The author in this article mentions not only the benefits of genetically modified
foods, but also the risks that consumers feel to be true. According to the author, consumers
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are the main reason that many countries have gone away with genetically modified
organisms. The consumers allow the author to continue their argument because of their
neutral stance. The author is easily able to argue both sides in this argument with very
factual information pertaining to genetically modified organisms and their consumers.
3.)
a.
The intended audience in this article is the consumers. The author is proposing the
good and bad things that come with genetically modified organisms. In a positive regard for
consumers the author said, “crops produced through biotechnology should be as safe or
safer than those produced by other methods for the consumer”(Chassy). Here the author
directly states the consumers about how genetically modified crops are safe and that they
are not bad for you or for your health. Now in terms of this reflecting poorly for the
consumer, the author said, “genetically modified potatoes were taken off the market
because processors feared consumer rejection”(Chassy). Here the author is still talking
about how the consumers control the market for the genetically modified crops. The author
states to the consumers so this is why they are the targeted audience for this article.
b.
The purpose of this article is to show that there are benefits of genetically modified
organisms and that there are risks as well for the consumers.
c.
The genre of this article is definitely one that has very factual and numerical
information. The article is very researched based and has many qualities in which a
scholarly article should posses. The genre that could be named with this article would be
that of a realistic nature.
d.
The author takes a neutral stance throughout the paper. This is because the author
mentions the goods and bads of genetically modified organisms. If the author just stuck to
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the one side of the argument, say the authors only thought that genetically modified
organisms were good, then the author would have bias. The article did a great representing
both the negatives and the positives of genetically modified organisms.
e.
In this article the author uses a very good reference for credibility. The author
references Darwin and Mendel, which are extremely important people in today’s history in
terms of evolutionary involvement. The author references Darwin when making their case
on hybrid crops. Darwin specialized in this, so the author made a very good reference to
use Darwin in this article. The author also uses very good logos appeal in this article. The
author uses his opinions to persuade the reader into thinking what is right. The author also
provides answers to several of their own questions throughout the article, which makes
them sound very credible. When in reality the author is just providing logical information
zxcvto the subject at hand and really improves the reasoning to their argument.
4.)
There is an article in this article in which the author is agreeing with another source
about an issue with non-genetically modified organisms. The author talks about how there
are several very well campaigned organizations who are financed and professional. The
author then notifies that the organic food industry, governments, and food retailers among
others have supported these organizations. The author then asks the question, “Why would
food manufacturers fight GMO’s”(Chassy)? The author then goes on to answer the question
and basically says that they can now sell more expensive GMO-free products and make
even more money. The author then cites an article to go along with this. The article is
written by a couple of fellows named Graff and Zilberman. They wrote the article on why
Europe has not gone to genetically modified organisms. Their article is definitely a
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scholarly article. The simple answer to why Europe hasn’t gone to genetically modified
organisms is so they can see GMO-free products and make an even larger profit.
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GMO’s
1.) Citation:
Chern, Wen.”Genetically Modified Organisms and Sustainability in Agriculture.”2006:Pages
2-11. http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/bitstream/25463/1/cp060323.pdf. Web. 14 April
2014.
2.) In this article the author clearly states the objectives that they want to get across
throughout the paper. The author gives a quick introduction into what genetically modified
organisms are and gives examples of how they are used in today’s modern world. There are
many issues surrounding GM products and the author explains them in this article. Also the
author gives survey results form many consumers and reports on the statistical
information with the surveys. The author also talks about the customer’s attitude and their
willingness to pay throughout the article. The author gives insight to both sides of the
argument. The author gives valid reasoning to why they think what they do throughout this
article. This article gives the reader information from more countries than just the Untied
States as well. The article talks heavily about GM products and gives out surveys for people
to respond to for information. This article is definitely more popular than it is scholarly.
The surveys given out are a big contributing factor to why this article is more popular than
scholarly. The author does support their arguments on the good and bad things throughout
the article, which makes it a decent article to use for a research paper. The material
represented in this article is good, however it is not up to par for what could be used for a
productive research paper. This is why the article is more popular than scholarly.
3.)
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There is without a doubt that the intended audience is in this article. The audience
in this article is the consumers. The author in this article conducted phone surveys during a
span of two years. A direct quote from the article states, “in the surveys, we asked
respondents about their self-assessed knowledge on GM foods and GMO’s”(Chern). Here in
this quote they directed to the audience directly through the telephone and tried to obtain
information from them. Another reason that this article is geared towards consumers is
because in the final conclusion of the article the author says, “consumer acceptance has
become a major obstacle for the continuing development of agricultural biotechnology in
genetic engineering”(Chern). Consumers and their negative thoughts are the reason that
GMO’s are not as popular as they should be. Consumers are the targeted audience in this
article.
b.
The purpose of this article is to talk about issues that surround GM products, to
show the results that the author found to be true in his surveys, to talk about the attitudes
about GMO’s and tell the reader what can and needs to be done in order for the consumer
to accept GM products into their lives. They need this acceptance because GM technology
will play a huge role for agriculture in the future.
c.
The genre for this article is definitely realism within agriculture. This is because
without these GM crops we will not be able to produce enough crop to feed our county. Our
GM technologies have tangible benefits and they need to be noticed.
d.
The author in this article has a neutral stance in which the author talks about each
topic. The author really is leaning towards the GM side of things though. This is true
because the author says; “GM technology will play an increasingly important role for
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agriculture sustainability in the future”(Chern). This is also because the author wants to try
and find a solution to make these GM crops more affordable to poor farmers.
e.
In this article the author uses a few things that help the author support their claims
that they are trying to make. One thing the author does is use Pathos as a trick to appeal to
the emotional side of the audience. The author does this by talking about fears that the
consumers have. With consumers being scared of GMO’s there will not be any profit or
market for GMO’s. So the author is trying to drive fear into the consumers to try and make
them purchase GMO’s to keep our economy booming. Also the author uses a lot of Ethos in
helping out his argument. The author uses Ethos to back up the information he is saying.
The author references many other sources to such as the Wall Street Journal to help with
their argument. This is extremely important for the author to establish credibility when
dealing with GMO’s. Credibility is something that the author uses well when citing other
sources to support their argument.
4.)
In this article the author references a piece from a journal. The author makes a
reference to a journal in dealing with golden rice. The author talks about how they believe
that people in poor countries are deficient in vitamin A. The author believes that the golden
rice is very beneficial to the third world; the only problem is that many third world
countries are very unsure about bringing in GM traits and foods. The site that they source is
a very credible source because it is from the American Journal of Agricultural Economics.
This journal is very credible and is very scholarly. Information that arises from this journal
is very good and can be highly valued when it comes to respectable information. The
authors of each piece actually agree. They both believe that even with the cheap prices they
can get it for, they still will not allow for the commercialization of golden rice and they
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don’t have the willingness to pay for the product. The author uses MLA citation to address
the journal in this article.
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