1. A desert:
A. is hot.
B. is remote.
C. is covered by drifting sand.
D. receives less than 25 cm or rain a year.
E. is any place covered by sand dunes.
2. Global atmospheric circulation tends to produce arid areas at:
A. 30° latitude.
B. 20° latitude.
C. 40° latitude.
D. The equator.
E. None of these locations.
3. The orographic effect is:
A. When winds turn to the right in the Southern Hemisphere.
B. The evaporation that occurs above a cold coastal current near the tropics.
C. When a mountain range forces moisture to rise and condense, creating a rain shadow.
D. When a mountain range causes moisture to rise and evaporate, forming a polar desert.
E. Where the rate of evaporation exceeds the rate of condensation.
4. The principal types of deserts include:
A. Continental deserts and sand deserts.
B. Coriolis deserts and oceanic deserts.
C. Plateau deserts and valley deserts.
D. High-elevation deserts and plateau deserts.
E. Trade wind deserts and monsoon deserts.
5. A barchan dune is identifiable because:
A. It is crescent shaped and the horns point downwind.
B. It is crescent shaped and the horns point upwind.
C. It is a long, linear ridge formed by winds blowing from two different directions.
D. Barchan dunes are made of loess.
E. it is the Arabic name for a sand sea.
6. Sediment transport:
A. Has similar characteristics to transport in running water.
B. Involves particle saltation and suspension.
C. Typically entails turbulent air to move large particles.
D. Produces ripples and dunes.
E. All of these.
7. Why are there no important loess deposits in Africa?
A. There were no continental glaciers in Africa.
B. African continental glaciers did not produce loess.
C. African glaciers deposited their loess in Europe.
D. African loess turned into clay.
E. None of these.

8. Sand ripples migrate by:
A. Sand moving around the outside edge of a pile and accumulating in front.
B. Sand ripples do not migrate.
C. Wind moving sand as a single pile.
D. Sand moving the stoss slope and avalanching down the lee slope.
E. Sand saltating into a single form.
9. Star dunes:
A. Are shaped like a pyramid, with three or more arms that radiate from a peaked center.
B. Are formed by wind that blows from several different directions.
C. Grow taller rather than migrating.
D. Require a rich source of sand.
E. All of these.
10. Water in a desert:
A. Is not an important feature.
B. Is mostly used up by the vegetation.
C. Is involved in ripple and dune formation.
D. Is second only to wind in shaping the desert surface.
E. Is the primary agent shaping desert landforms.
11. Loess:
A. Is windblown silt that accumulates in thick soil.
B. Is windblown sand that forms ergs.
C. Collects only in arid regions below Hadley cells.
D. Is common primarily in polar deserts.
E. None of these.
12. A __________ is formed when wind removes finer sediments, leaving behind a layer of coarse sediments.
A. Yardang
B. Barchan
C. Dust bowl
D. Pavement
E. Erg
13. Desertification is:
A. Caused by the contraction of a desert and the exposure of unvegetated regions.
B. Primarily caused by warfare.
C. Not related to global warming.
D. A serious problem in the Arctic.
E. Typically related to climate change and/or poor land management.