Picture
Name
Mary Tudor
Mary
Wollstonecraft
Max Planck
Michael
Romanov
Michelangelo
Born/Died
1516-1558
1759-1797
1858-1947
Country
England
England
Germany
Brief Bio
Known as Bloody Mary.
Daughter of Henry VIII and
Catherine of Aragon. Best
known for her persecution of
Protestants
British writer, philosopher, and
helper of women rights
Most important work A
Vindication of the Rights of
Woman (1792) which explains
that women are not inferior to
men it is just that women lack
education
German theoretical physicist
who originated quantum
theory
This theory won him the
Nobel Prize for Physics in
1918
First tsar of his family line in
Russia. His reign marked the
end of the Times of Trouble.
1596-1645
1475-1564
Russia
Italy
Known as a Renaissance
man; was and Italian
sculptor, poet, painter,
engineer, and architect.
Famous for painting ceiling
of the Sistine Chapel
Picture
Name
Mikhail
Bakunin
Mikhail
Gorbachev
Millicent
Garrett
Fawcett
Czarina
Alexandra
Moliere
Born/Died
1814-1876
1931-
1847-1929
1872-1918
1622 – 1673
Country
Russia
Russia
England
Russia
France
Brief Bio
Known as the father of the
anarchist theory; he is a well
known philosopher and
Russian revolutionary.
Served as general secretary of
the communist party and was
the last head of state in the
Soviet Union. Introduced
glasnost and perestroika to
revive stagnant Russian
economy.
An early feminist and English
suffragist. She co-founded
Newnham College, Cambridge
and became the president of
the National Union of
Women’s Suffrage Societies.
Known as the last tsarina of
Russia, married Nicholas II
and for her support of
autocratic rule over the
country.
Born Jean-Baptiste Poquelin.
Actor and playwright known
for comedies. Known for his
plays: The Misanthrope, The
School for Wives, and Tartuffe
of the Hypocrite.
Picture
Name
Napoleon
Bonaparte
Neville
Chamberlain
Niccolo
Machiavelli
Nicholas I
Nicolae
Ceausescu
Born/Died
1769 – 1821
1869 – 1940
1469 – 1527
1796 – 1855
1918-1989
Country
France
England
Italy
Russia
Romania
Brief Bio
Military and political leader.
Most prominent during the
later stages of the French
Revolution. Served as the
Emperor of France. Lived
remainder of life in exile in St.
Helena.
Conservative politician who
held many important roles in
Parliament including Prime
Minister of the UK. Known
for signing the Munich
agreement in 1938 and leading
Britain during the first 8
months of WWII.
Renaissance historian, writer,
diplomat, philosopher,
humanist, and playwright.
Known for saying, "Is it better
to be feared than loved", "the
ends justify the means", and
for his book, The Prince.
Very conservative monarch
who served as the Emperor of
Russia from 1825 to 1855.
During his rule, Russia
controlled the most land in its
history. Also ruled Finland
and Poland.
Romanian Communist
politician. General Secretary
of the Romanian Communist
Party from 1965 to 1989.
Romania’s last Communist
leader and was the Head of
State from 1967 to 1989.
Executed by firing squad in
1989.
Picture
Name
Nicolaus
Copernicus
Friedrich
Nietzsche
Nikta Khrushchev
Born/Died
1473-1543
1844-1900
1894-1971
Country
Poland
Germany
Soviet
Union
Oliver Cromwell
1599-1658
England
1748-1793
France
Olympe de Gouges
Brief Bio
First person to develop
the heliocentric model
of the universe. His
book, On the
Revolutions of the
Celestial Sphere, began
the scientific revolution.
German philosopher,
poet, critic, and
philologist. He wrote
about religion, morality,
culture, philosophy, and
science.
He served as First
Secretary of the
Communist Party of the
Soviet Union from 1953
to 1964. Went head to
head with Kennedy
during the Cuban
Missile Crisis.
He was an English
military and political
leader. Led the
Roundheads to victory
in the English Civil
War. Ruled as Lord
Protector of
Commonwealth for five
years.
Born Marie Gouze. Was
an activist, playwright,
and feminist. In her
Declaration of Rights of
Woman and Female
Citizen she pushed
male-female equality
and challenged male
authority.
Picture
Name
Oswald
Spengler
Otto von
Bismarck
Pablo
Picasso
Paul Valery
Paul von
Hindenburg
Born/Died
1880-1936
1815-1898
1881-1973
1871-1945
1847-1934
Country
Germany
Germany
France
France
Germany
Brief Bio
German historian and
philosopher that liked math,
art, and science. He is best
known for his book, The
Decline of the West. The
book states that all
civilizations rise and then
fall.
He unified German states
under Prussian rule. Minister
President of Prussia from
1862 to 1890. Believed that
the only way to unify
Germany was through “blood
and iron”
Was a painter, sculptor,
ceramicist, and stage
designer. Is best known for
his paintings of the German
bombing of Guernica in the
Spanish Civil War.
He was a poet, essayist, and
philosopher. His interests
were so broad that he was
classified as a polymath. He
also wrote many
misanthropic diatribes on
human nature.
He was a field marshal,
statesman, and politician, and
the second President of
Germany from 1925-1934.
Appointed Adolf Hitler as
Chancellor of Germany and
was succeeded by him.
Picture
Name
Percy
Shelley
Peter
Brueghel the
Elder
Peter Paul
Rubens
Peter
Stolypin
Peter
Tchaikovsky
Born/Died
1792-1822
1525-1569
1577-1640
1862-1911
Country
Brief Bio
England
Was an English Romantic poet
and is regarded as one of the
best lyric poets in all of the
English language. Is most
famous for Ode to the West
Wind, To a Skylark, Music,
and The Cloud. His wife Mary
wrote Frankenstein
Habsburg
Netherlands
(present day
Belgium)
Belgium
Russia
1840-1893
Russia
He was a Flemish Renaissance
painter and printmaker known
for his genre painting. His
best known paintings are The
Triumph of Death and Dulle
Griet.
Was a Baroque painter known
for emphasis, color, and
sensuality. He is well known
for Counter-Reformation
altarpieces, portraits,
landscapes, and paintings of
mythological subjects.
“Raising of the Cross” is one
of his masterpieces.
Served as Prime Minister and
leader of the Third Duma from
1906-1911. Was the Third
Chairman of the Council of
Ministers of the Russian
Empire. Made large efforts to
counter revolutionary groups.
He was a composer who wrote
symphonies, ballets, concertos,
operas, and chamber music.
He was the first Russian
composer whose music made
an international impression.
His 1812 Overture celebrated
the Russian defeat of
Napoleon.
Picture
Name
Born/Died
Country
Peter the
Great
1672-1725
Petrarch
1303-1374
Russia
Italy
Philip V
1683-1746
Spain
Phillip II
1527-1598
Pico della
Mirandola
1463-1494
Spain
Italy
Brief Bio
Due to many successful wars,
he expanded Russia into a
huge empire. Best known for
Westernizing and gaining a
warm-water port for Russia.
He was scholar, poet, and one
of the earliest humanists. Often
called the “Father of
Humanism.”
He was born in France. Was
King of Spain from 1700 to
1724, when he gave the throne
up to his son Louis. Regained
thrown after his son’s death.
Reigned longer than any other
Spanish king.
He was the King of Spain and
the King of England and
Ireland when he was married
to Queen Mary I. Was Lord of
Provinces from 1556 to 1581.
He held various titles such as
duke or count.
A Renaissance philosopher.
He is famous for defending
900 theses on philosophy,
magic, and religion. He wrote
the famous Oratation on the
Dignity of Man which became
the Manifesto of the
Renaissance.
Picture
Name
Born/Died
Country
Pierre Bayle
1647-1706
France
PierreJoseph
Proudhon
1809-1865
France
Pope
Alexander
VI
Pope John
Paul II
Pope Leo X
1431-1503
1920-2005
1475-1521
Brief Bio
Leading critic of traditional
religious attitudes.
Fought for complete religious
toleration, maintaining that the
existence of many religions
would benefit rather than harm
the state.
Wrote Historical and Critical
Dictionary
French social theorist.
Wrote Qu'est-ce que la
propriété?
Biggest impact during the
Second Republic by his
journalism.
Italy
Church leader from 14921503.
Member of the Borgia family.
Known for debauchery and
sensuality.
Scandalized the church by
encouraging his son to carve a
state for himself in central
Italy.
Italy
Polish born.
First non-Italian to be pope
since the sixteenth century.
Became Pope in 1978.
Travels around the world
helped strengthen the Catholic
Church.
Help reasserted the traditional
catholic teachings.
Italy
Church leader from 1513-1521
Patron of the Renaissance
Culture
Became Pope at 37
Son of Lorenzo de’ Madici
Picture
Name
Born/Died
Country
Pope Paul
III
1468-1549
Italy
Pope Pius
IX
1792-1878
Italy
Prince
Henry the
Navigator
Raphael
Santi
Raymond
Poncaire
1394-1460
Portugal
1483-1520
Italy
1860-1934
France
Brief Bio
Church leader 1534-1549
Part of turning point in the
reform of papacy
Continued the Renaissance
papal practices
Called for the Council of Trent
Established the Roman
Inquisition or Holy Office
Church leader 1846-1878
Issued Syllabus of Errors in
1864
Condemned nationalism,
socialism, religious tolerance,
and freedom of speech and
press.
Help with Portugal’s
conquering with the Age of
Exploration.
Sponsored explorations.
His motives: an ally against
Muslims, acquiring trade
options, and extending
Christianity.
Italian artist.
His works dominated during
the High Renaissance.
At 25 known as one of Italy’s
best painters.
Well-known for his frescoes in
the Vatican Palace
Known for conservative
National Bloc government.
Dismissed from the
government by Cartel of the
Left in 1924, but emerged
back when it failed in1926.
He helped stabilized the
French government1926-1929.
Picture
Name
Rene
Descartes
Richard
Arkwright
Robert
Bakewell
Robert Clive
Robert
Fulton
Born/Died
1596-1650
1732-1792
1725-1795
1725-1774
1765-1815
Country
Brief Bio
France
Known for his attributions to
science and mathematics.
Had a vision about a new
rational-mathematical system.
System was doubted.
Most famous work Discourse
on Method (1637) “I think,
therefore I am.”
England
England
England
United States
Invented the water frame in the
1780s to increase the
production of yarn.
Faster than the cottage
spinning wheel.
English agriculturist
Known for his diversity in the
breeding of animals.
Sir Robert Clive
Aggressive British empirebuilder.
Became chief representative of
the East India Company.
Began to consolidate British
control in Bengal.
American engineer and
inventor.
Designed and invented the
steamboat