ANDHRA UNIVERSITY: VISAKHAPATNAM
ANTHROPOLOGY SYLLABUS
THREE YEAR B.A. / B.Sc., DEGREE EXAMINATION
Max. Marks
:
Part - A
:
25
Part - B
:
50
Paper - 101
:
Introduction to Social Anthropology
Paper - 201
:
Social Institutions
Paper - 301
:
Tribal Economy, Polity & Religion
Paper - 401
:
Peoples and Cultures of India
Paper - 501
:
Theories in Social-Cultural Anthropology
Paper - 502
:
Action Anthropology
Paper - 601
:
Research Methodology
Paper - 602
:
Research tools and Field work
Generic Electives:
1. Foundations of Anthropology
2. Indian anthropology
75
SYLLABUS FOR THREE YEAR B.A. / B.Sc., DEGREE EXAMINATION
( Revised Syllabus w.e.f. 2015 )
I SEMESTER
Paper – 101 : INTRODUCTION TO SOCIAL ANTHROPOLOGY
Objectives: This is a foundation course in Social Anthropology conveying to students
, the meaning of the key concepts and to familiarize the students with the elementary
concepts of the discipline.
Syllabus:
Unit – I : Meaning and scope of Anthropology, Sub-divisions of Anthropology and their
inter-relationship. (Physical Anthropology, Social / Cultural Anthropology,
Archaeological Anthropology, Linguistic Anthropology ).
Unit-II : Meaning of scope of Social Anthropology, sub-divisions of Social
Anthropology,
(Ethnology,
Ethnography,
Economic
Anthropology,
Political
Anthropology, Applied Anthropology )
Unit – III : Historical-development and Relationship between Social Anthropology and
other Social Sciences History, Psychology and Sociology.
Unit–IV : Basic concepts: Society, Community, Social Group, Social Institution,
Association, Social status, Social Role, Values & Customs.
Unit- V : Culture: definition, characteristics, components, elements of culture,
cultural changes & cultural growth.
Recommended Readings :
Beal, R and Hoijer, H ( 1979): An Introduction to Anthropology
Beattie, J ( 1999); Other cultures
Behura, N.K. (1988) Anthropological thought and theories.
Herskovits, M.J (1955) Cultural Anthropology
Hoebel, E.A and Frost. E.L. (1979) Cultural and Social Anthropology
Majumdar, D.N. & Madan, T.N.: An Introduction to Social Anthropology.
Suryanarayana, M. Samajika Manavasastram – Parichayalu ( Telugu
MODEL QUESTION PAPER
THREE YEAR B.A. / B.Sc., DEGREE EXAMINATION
FIRST SEMESTER EXAMINATION
PAPER – 101 : INTRODUCTION TO SOCIAL ANTHROPOLOGY
Time : 3 hrs
Max. Marks : 75
PART - A
Answer any FIVE of the following
5 x 5 = 25 marks
each question carries five marks
1) Physical Anthropology
5) Symbiology
2) Society
3) Ethnology
6) Linguistic Anthropology
8) Community
4) Social Status
7) Define Social Anthropology
PART - B
Answer ALL
questions
5 x 10 = 50 marks
each question carries equal marks
9. Briefly discuss about Archaeological Anthropology.
OR
How are the sub-fields of anthropology inter-related.
10. Define Culture ? Write about its characteristics.
OR
Briefly discuss the scope of Social Anthropology.
11. Explain the relation between History and Anthropology
OR
Write about the stages of Cultural Progress.
12. Write about the characteristics of Human Society.
OR
Discuss the divisions of Social Anthropology.
13. Write about the relationship between Psychology and Social Anthropology.
OR
Discuss the stages of Cultural Progress.
II SEMESTER
Paper – 201 : SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Objectives: Students of Anthropology are supposed to be experts in human societies.
In other words, they should know of the basic concepts that are used in such societies
as well as the basic constituent units. This paper is designed to give them a
grounding is such basic concept using examples from within and outside India. The
skills pirated from the class should be useful to the student in analyzing any society in
terms of the components and collect data regarding these units.
Syllabus
Unit-I : Definition of marriage, characteristics, forms and functions of marriage,
ways of acquiring mates in primitive societies.
Unit-II : Basic Concepts: Exogamy and Endogamy. Basic ideas of incest. Theories of
Incest.
Unit-III : Definition of family, types and functions of family, universality of family.
Unit-IV : Indian joint family, Impact of industrialization, Urbanization, education and
modernization on the family.
Unit- V : Nature of kinship, degree of kinship, kinship terminology, kinship groups:
Lineage, clan, phranty, Moiety; kinship-Application.
Recommended Readings :
Beal, R and Hoijer, H ( 1979): An Introduction to Anthropology
Hoebel, E.A and Frost. E.L. (1979)Cultural and Social Anthropology
Majumdar, D.N. & Madan, T.N.: An Introduction to Social Anthropology
Suryanarayana, M. Samajika Manavasastralu – Parichayalu ( Telugu
Howards, Michael, C ( 1989 ): Contemporary Cultural Anthropology
Kottak, C.P ( 1991 ) : Cultural Anthropology
Haviland, W.A ( 1991 ) : Cultural Anthropology.
MODEL QUESTION PAPER
THREE YEAR B.A. / B.Sc., DEGREE EXAMINATION
SECOND SEMESTER EXAMINATION
PAPER – 201 : SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Time : 3 hrs
Max. Marks : 75
PART - A
Answer any FIVE of the following
5 x 5 = 25 marks
each question carries five marks
1) Exogamy
2) Caputre
3) Incest
4) Clan
5) Nuclear Family
6) Teknonymy
7) Marriage
8) Levirate
PART - B
Answer ALL questions
each question carries equal marks
9. Explain the different ways of acquiring mate.
OR
Explain the degree of Kinship.
10. Describe the various functions of marriage.
OR
Write about Lineage.
11. Write about Polyandry.
OR
Discuss about Indian Joint Family.
12. Write about the characteristics of Marriage.
OR
Discuss the theories of Incest.
13. Specify the Primary, Secondary and Tertiany Kin.
OR
Discuss the stages of Cultural Progress.
5 x 10 = 50 marks
III SEMESTER
Paper – 301 : TRIBAL ECONOMY, POLITY AND RELIGION
Objectives: This paper imparts the basic institutions of society. There are also units
on ideas relating to cultural change and the applications of Anthropological
knowledge. The skills imparted from this class should be useful to the student in
analyzing any society in terms of its components and collect data regarding these
units.
Syllabus
Unit – I : Economic organization: Definition. Different forms of tribal economy - food
gathering, Hunting, Fishing, Pastoral, Horticultural, Agriculture.
Unit-II : Tribal polity- meaning, features of tribal polity, types of political organization
( uncentralized, centralized ).
Unit – III : Legal Anthropology : Definition of Law; Functions of Law: Law and custom;
Law and Social Control.
Unit – IV : Religion : Definition, constituents of Religion. Theories of origin of religionAnimism, Animatism, Totemism, Naturalism. Functions of religion.
Unit – V : Magic: Types of Magic; Magic, Religion and science; Shaman, Priest, folk
medical practioner.
Recommended Readings :
Anderson,M. (ed)(1971): The Sociology of the Family.
Beal, R and Hoijer, H ( 1979): An Introduction to Anthropology
Ember, C.R. and Ember, M: (1996) Anthropology
Herskovits, M.J (1955) : Cultural Anthropology
Mair, Lucy (1989) An Introduction to Social Anthropology
Majumdar, D.N. and T.N. Madan (1963) : An Introduction to Social Anthropology,.
Radcliff-Brown, A.R. (1952): Structure and function in primitive societies
MODEL QUESTION PAPER
THREE YEAR B.A. / B.Sc., DEGREE EXAMINATION
THIRD SEMESTER EXAMINATION
PAPER – 301 : TRIBAL ECONOMY, POLITY AND RELIGION
Time : 3 hrs
Max. Marks : 75
PART - A
Answer any FIVE of the following
5 x 5 = 25 marks
each question carries five marks
1) Shaman
2) Food Gathering
5) Pastroral Economy
6) Totenism
3) Animatism
4) Magic
7) Norms 8) Shifting Cultivation
PART - B
Answer ALL questions
5 x 10 = 50 marks
each question carries equal marks
9. Write about the theories of Religion.
OR
List out the characteristics of tribal economy.
10. Define the describe a chief dom as a centralized political system .
OR
What are the important functions of Religion .
11. What should we mean by white magic and black magic.
OR
Discuss the relationship between Science and Religion.
12. What are the sub-stages of food production economy.
OR
What is band organization.
13. Briefly describe the various types of religious beliefs.
OR
What are the different types of economic organization.
IV – SEMESTER
Paper – 401 : PEOPLES AND CULTURES OF INDIA
Syllabus:
Unit - I : India as cultural Region in terms of language and socio- economic
conditions; Unity and Diversity; Racial difference.
Unit – II : Tribe : Definition, Characteristics, Distribution of tribes in India,
Ethnography of tribes: Chenchus, Gonds, Todas,
Unit-III : Problems of Indian Tribes: Land alienations, Displacement, Rehabilitation
and Education.
Unit-IV : Caste system : Characteristics of caste; Theories of caste origin, jajmani
system; Dalits ( who are dalits and their developments ).
Unit-V : Caste Mobility: Sanskritization, Westernization; characteristics of Indian
villages, changes in Indian villages after Independence.
Recommended Readings :
Bose, Nirmal kumar: Tribal life in India
Hutton, J.H: Caste in India
Majumdar, DN: Races and cultures of India
Prasad Rao, D.L. : Grameena Samudayalu ( Telugu ) Telugu Academy publications.
Srinivas, M.N. Social change in India
Srinivas, M.N. Social Structure
Vidyarthi, L.P. & Rao, K.N. Tribal culturel of India.
MODEL QUESTION PAPER
THREE YEAR B.A. / B.Sc., DEGREE EXAMINATION
FOURTH SEMESTER EXAMINATION
PAPER – 401 : PEOPLES AND CULTURES OF INDIA
Time : 3 hrs
Max. Marks : 75
PART - A
Answer any FIVE of the following
5 x 5 = 25 marks
each question carries five marks
1) Negritos
2) Diversity
3) Primitive tribal group
5) Displacement
6) Land alienation 7) Dalits
4) Tribe
8) Sanskritization
PART - B
Answer ALL questions
each question carries equal marks
9. Write an essay on Unity in Diversity.
OR
Discuss the Racial classification of Indian Tribes.
10. Write about the Socio-economic conditions of Gonds .
OR
Discuss the characteristic of Tribe .
11. Write an essay on Tribal problems.
OR
Write about Rehabilitation problem of Tribals.
12. Write an essay on theories of Caste System.
OR
Discuss about Jajmani System.
13. Write about the characteristic of Indian village.
OR
Write an essay on Westernization.
5 x 10 = 50 marks
V - SEMESTER
Paper – 501 : THEORIES IN SOCIAL / CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY
Objectives: This is a foundation course in social/cultural Anthropology. It will help
better appreciation of the materials in human understanding in social relations. The
objective of the course is also to sensitive the students with main theoretical trends in
terms of their ideological and methodological implications.
Syllabus
Unit-I : Aspects of culture : Culture universal, cultural relativism, cultural integration
dynamics of culture : acculturation, transcultration .
Unit-II : Cultural Evolution : Unilinear evolution; neo evolution; Morgan, Leslie White,
Julian Steward, Marx and Engles.
Unit-III : Diffusion of culture : British and American schools. Structural –
functionalism.
Unit-IV : Culture and Personality approaches; Field work tradition in Anthropology.
Unit-V : Major contributions of E.B. Tylor, B. Malinowski, Radchitte Brown, M.N.
Srinivias, L.H. Morgan, D.N. Majumdar.
Recommended Readings :
Beals, R and Hoijer, H ( 1979 ) An Introduction to Anthropology
Behura, N.K. ( 1988 ) Anthropological thought and theories Calcutta
Hoebel, E.A and Frost, E.L. ( 1979 ) Cultural and social Anthropology
Jha, M ( 1983 ) An Introduction to Anthropological thought New Delhi
Kottak, C.P. ( 1996 ) Cultural Anthropology
Upadhyay, V.S. and G. Pandey (1993): History of Anthropological thought
MODEL QUESTION PAPER
THREE YEAR B.A. / B.Sc., DEGREE EXAMINATION
FIFTH SEMESTER EXAMINATION
PAPER – 501 : THEORIES IN SOCIAL / CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY
Time : 3 hrs
Max. Marks : 75
PART - A
Answer any FIVE of the following
5 x 5 = 25 marks
each question carries five marks
1) Acculturation
2) Cultural relativism
3) Unilineal Evolution
5) Diffusion
6) Functionalism
7) Field Work
4) Morgon
8) Personality
PART - B
Answer ALL questions
each question carries equal marks
9.
Write an essay about dynamics of culture.
OR
Discuss about Cultural Growth.
10. Write an essay on Neo evolution .
OR
Discuss the theory of Morgan on cultural evolution .
11. Write about culture area approach by German diffusion.
OR
Write an essay on Cultural Diffusion.
12. Write an essay on Primary principles laid by E.B. Tylor.
OR
Write about Images of man by Malinowski.
13. Give Benedicts analysis of the integration of culture.
OR
Write about the theory of Julian Steward.
5 x 10 = 50 marks
V - SEMESTER
Paper – 502 : ACTION ANTHROPOLOGY
Objective: This paper with its specific focus in tribes in India is an attempt to
introduce beginners in the discipline to comprehend the intricacies of issues
comforting this diverse and enriched heritage.
Unit-I : Meaning of applied and action Anthropology; The modern trends in Indian
Tribal culture. Impact of Hindu and Christian culture on tribes.
Unit-II : Scheduled castes and Backward classes; constitutional safeguards; Poverty,
untouchability ; Education.
Unit-III
: Tribal movements in India, Reasons behind the movement, Rampa
movement, NaksalBari movement, Srikakulam movement.
Unit-IV : British Policy towards tribes in India.
Constitutional safeguards.
Post independent Govt Policy.
Unit-V : Tribal welfare measures : Multipurpose tribal development blocks ( MTDB )
Integrated Tribal Development Project ( ITDP ) Tribal Youth self – Employment
schemes ( TRYSEM ).
Recommended Readings :
Hussian Naidu : Tribal problems.
Vidyarthi, L.P. Applied Anthropology
Srinivas M.N. ( 1996 ) social change in modern India
Haimendrof, C. ( 1982 ) : Tribes of India the struggle for Survival
Singh, K.S. (1990) (ed) : The Tribal situation in India Simla
MODEL QUESTION PAPER
THREE YEAR B.A. / B.Sc., DEGREE EXAMINATION
SIXTH SEMESTER EXAMINATION
PAPER – 502 : APPLICATIONS OF ANTHROPOLOGY
Time : 3 hrs
Max. Marks : 75
PART - A
Answer any FIVE of the following
5 x 5 = 25 marks
each question carries five marks
1) Action Anthropology
2) Applied Anthropology
4) Untouchability
5) Naksal Bari Movement
7) TRYSEM
3) Scheduled caste
6) Rampa Movement
8) MTDE
PART - B
Answer ALL questions
5 x 10 = 50 marks
each question carries equal marks
9. Write about Action Anthropology.
OR
Describe the impact of Hindu Christian culture on tribes .
10. Write down the problems of Scheduled Castes .
OR
Discuss the Constitutional safeguards of scheduled caste .
11. What are the reasons for tribal movements in India.
OR
Write about Srikakulam Movement.
12. Discuss the British policy towards the tribes in India.
OR
Write about multipurpose tribal development project.
13. Discuss about Post Independent Government policy towards the tribes.
OR
Write an essay on Tribal Youth self employment schemes.
VI - SEMESTER
Paper – 601 : RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Syllabus:
Unit-I : Field work tradition in social Anthropology and its importance; Methods :
Historical, functional and Holistic.
Unit-II : Research tools : Observation, Genealogy, Case Study, Interview, Schedule
and Questionnaire.
Unit-III : Methods of sampling - simple randam and stratified random.
Unit – IV : Participatary Rural Appraisal ( PRA ): Meaning & Techniques of PRA.
Focused Group Discussion ( FGD ).
Unit – V : Quantitative methods: use of computers / statistics; analysis of data and
report writing.
Recommended Readings :
Andre Beteille and Madan, T.N. : Encounters and Experiences.
Bajpai, K.D. : Methods in Social Research.
Bernard Cohen : Research methods in cultural Anthropology.
Pelto and Pleto : Structure of anthropological Inquiry .
MODEL QUESTION PAPER
THREE YEAR B.A. / B.Sc., DEGREE EXAMINATION
SIXTH SEMESTER EXAMINATION
PAPER – 601: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Time : 3 hrs
Max. Marks : 75
PART - A
Answer any FIVE of the following
5 x 5 = 25 marks
each question carries five marks
1) Field Work
2) Holistic
3) Schedule
5) Sampling
6) Lottery method 7) Social Map
4) Geneology
8) Focused group
PART - B
Answer ALL questions
5 x 10 = 50 marks
each question carries equal marks
9. Write about importance of field work in Social Anthropology.
OR
Write a note on Historical method.
10. What is observations and write about its advantages and disadvantages .
OR
Write about case study method with examples .
11. What is sampling? Write its advantages.
OR
Write a note on stratified random sampling method .
12. Write about Genealogical method.
OR
Write a note an Social map.
13. Write about PRA Techniques .
OR
Write about questionnaire.
MODEL QUESTION PAPER
THREE YEAR B.A. / B.Sc., DEGREE EXAMINATION
SIXTH SEMESTER EXAMINATION
PAPER – 602: RESEARCH TOOLS AND FIELD WORK
Max. Marks : 100
PART - A
Preparation of Research Tools
50 marks
PART – B
Conducting Field work and Submission of
Field report & Viva-voce
50 marks
Each student has to prepare interview schedule / questionnaire / observation/
interview guide in order to apply the same while doing field work. Field work can be
undertaken to study ethnography / evaluation and understanding development
programmes initiated by Government and Non-Government Organizations. Emphasis
has to be given to study Dalits/weaker sections. The student has to submit a field
report basing on the field work.
GENERIC ELECTIVE - 1
FOUNDATIONS OF ANTHROPOLOGY
Syllabus:
Unit-I : Meaning and scope of Anthropology, Branches of Anthropology (a) Social
/Cultural Anthropology (b) Physical / Biological anthropology (c) Archaeological
Anthropology (d) Linguistic Anthropology.
Relationship with Life Science, Social Sciences and Environmental Sciences.
Unit-II : Fundamentals in Social – Cultural Anthropology
(a) Culture, Society, Community, Group, Institution.
(b) Institutions : Marriage, Family, Kinship, Religion.
(c) Development and change.
(d) Research methods tools and Techniques.
Unit-III : Fundamentals in Physical/ Biological Anthropology
(a) Human Evolution
(b) Mans place in Animal kingdom
(c) Human Diversity
(d) Concept of Race.
Unit-IV : Fundamentals in Archaeological Anthropology
(a) Tool typology & Technology
(b) Cultural Evolution : Board outlines of Prehistoric culture.
(c) Chronology
Unit-V : Fundamentals in Linguistic Anthropology
(a) Written and Un written Language
(b) Speech, language and dialect
(c) Sociolinguistics
Recommended Readings :
Beal, R and Hoijer, H ( 1979): An Introduction to Anthropology
Beattie, J ( 1999); Other cultures
Behura, N.K. (1988) Anthropological thought and theories.
Herskovits, M.J (1955); Cultural Anthropology
Hoebel, E.A and Frost. E.L. (1979) Cultural and Social Anthropology
Majumdar, D.N. & Madan, T.N.: An Introduction to Social Anthropology.
Suryanarayana, M. Samajika Manavasastram
MODEL QUESTION PAPER
THREE YEAR B.A. / B.Sc., DEGREE EXAMINATION
SEMESTER EXAMINATION
FOUNDATIONS OF ANTHROPOLOGY
Time : 3 hrs
Max. Marks : 75
PART - A
Answer any FIVE of the following
5 x 5 = 25 marks
each question carries five marks
1)
Environmental Science
5) Race
2) Culture
6) Human Evolution
3) Anthropology
4) Schedule
7) Chronology
8) Language
PART - B
Answer ALL questions
5 x 10 = 50 marks
each question carries equal marks
9. Briefly discuss about branches of Anthropology.
OR
Write about the relationship of Anthropology with life sciences.
10. Define marriage ? what are the forms of marriage .
OR
Write about the importance of field work in Socio-cultural Anthropology .
11. Brief discuss about the Mans place in Animal kingdom.
OR
What are the Physical characteristics used for classifying human populations
into race .
12. What are the most significant types cultural processes.
OR
List out the basic process of Evolution.
13. What is meant by Linguistic Anthropology .
OR
How are the sub-fields of Anthropology are inter-related.
GENERIC ELECTIVE - 2
INDIAN ANTHROPOLOGY
Syllabus:
Unit-I : India as a bio-socio -cultural entity. Geographical zones of India, Evolution of
Indian culture and civilization.
Unit-II : Racial, ethnic, religious and linguistic elements in Indian population. Indian
Social System-Varnashram, Purushartha, joint family, Kinship organizations.
Unit-III : Caste-definition, Characteristics, origin; dominant cast;, Jajmani system,.
Unit-IV : Process of Social change - Sanskritization, Industrialization, Westernization,
Urbanization and Globalization.
Unit-V : Tribal population in India; Socio-Economic Characteristics; special
provisions for SC and ST.
Recommended Readings :
Bose, Nirmal kumar: Tribal life in India
Hutton, J.H: Caste in India
Majumdar, DN: Races and cultures of India
Prasad Rao, D.L. : Grameena Samudayalu ( Telugu )
Srinivas, M.N. Social change in India
Srinivas, M.N. Social Structure
Vidyarthi, L.P. & Rao, K.N. Tribal culture of India.
MODEL QUESTION PAPER
THREE YEAR B.A. / B.Sc., DEGREE EXAMINATION
SEMESTER EXAMINATION
INDIAN ANTHROPOLOGY
Time : 3 hrs
Max. Marks : 75
PART - A
Answer any FIVE of the following
5 x 5 = 25 marks
each question carries five marks
1) Civilization
2) Kinship
3) Culture
4) Purushartha
5) Dominant caste
6) Kamin
7) Urbanization
8) M.N. Srinivas
PART - B
Answer ALL questions
5 x 10 = 50 marks
each question carries equal marks
9. Write about the cultural divisions of India.
OR
Discuss about L.H. Morgan views on Civilization.
10. Write about the characteristics of Indian joint family .
OR
Specify the various determinations of kinship terminology.
11. Define caste? Write about the theories of origin of caste system.
OR
What are the special provisions for SC and ST .
12. Briefly write about the processes of social change.
OR
Mention Majumdar’s classification of Indian tribes.
13. According to Vidyarthi what structural and organizational features are most
common to the Tribes of India .
OR
Write an essay about the socio-economic conditions of Gonds.