Part I: Types of Reproduction:
1. Asexual reproduction: A ___________ parent passes a complete copy of its genetic information (traits) to each
of its offspring.
a. The offspring produced by asexual reproduction are
2. 4 types of asexual reproduction:
Define:
a. ________________________
b. ________________________
c. ________________________
d. ________________________
3. Multicellular organisms have 2 types of cells:
…divide through
a. Somatic =
b. Germ =
4. In sexual reproduction, gametes from genetically _____________________ parents produce offspring that are a
genetic ______________ (mixture) of the parents.
5. Gametes are:
6. Gametes fuse during fertilization to form a _________________
7. Asexual v Sexual Reproduction
Advantages of ASEXUAL
REPRODCUTION
Disadvantages of ASEXUAL
REPRODUCTION
Advantages of SEXUAL
REPRODCUTION
Disadvantages of SEXUAL
REPRODUCTION
8. Summarize asexual and sexual reproduction.
9. Summarize the benefits of genetic variation.
Part II. Chromosomes & Chromosome Number
1. Each species has a ______________ arrangement of
chromosomes, both ____________ & _____________.
a. Organisms within the species all have the same number
or they may develop abnormally.
b. Different species cannot mate primarily because of
chromosome number differences.
2. How to determine and designate the number of chromosomes in
organisms.
a. The number of chromosomes in an organisms or cell is determined by __________________________.
b. “n” = the number of ____________________ in one set.
c. If a cell has one set of chromosomes it is called _______________
d. If a cell has two sets of chromosomes it is called _______________
e. Polyploidy refers to cells with more than two sets.
i. Ex. Strawberries have 10 sets of chromosomes.
f.
In organisms that reproduce with two parents there are ________ types of cells.
g. Somatic cells are also called _________________ _________
h. Examples:
i.
Somatic cells are ______________, meaning they have _____ sets of chromosomes.
j.
Gamete cells are also called _________________ _________
k. Examples:
l.
Gametes are ______________, meaning they have _____ set of chromosomes.
m. Each diploid cell has ____________ of chromosomes made up of ________ homologous chromosomes.
n. Homologous chromosomes are chromosomes that are ___________ in size, shape, and in kinds of ___________.
o. Chromosomes are either autosomes or sex chromosomes.
p. Autosomes are chromosomes with __________ that don’t
determine _______.
q. Sex chromosomes have _______ that determine _____.
r.
Male have one ____ and one ____ sex chromosome.
s. Females have ______ X chromosomes.
3. Identify: the karyotype for a human is to the right
a.
b.
c.
d.
n=
2n =
Homologous chromosomes (homologs)
Boy or Girl