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Cationic liposome- multi-walled carbon nanotubes hybrids for dual siPLK1 and
doxorubicin delivery in vitro
Sara Pereira, Jin Lee, Noelia Rubio, Hatem A. F. M. Hassan, Izzat Bin Mohamed Suffian,
Julie T.W. Wang, Rebecca Klippstein, Belén Ballesteros, Wafa’ T. Al-Jamal*, and Khuloud T.
Al-Jamal*
Miss S. Pereira, Miss J. Lee, Dr N. Rubio, Dr J. T.-W. Wang, Mr H.A.F.M. Hassan Mr
I.B.M. Suffian, Dr R. Klippstein and Dr K. T. Al-Jamal
Institute of Pharmaceutical Science
King's College London
Franklin-Wilkins Building
150 Stamford Street
London SE1 9NH (UK)
E-mail: khuloud.al-jamal@kcl.ac.uk
Dr Belén Ballesteros
ICN2 - Institut de Catala de Nanociencia i Nanotecnologia
Campus UAB
08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona (Spain)
Miss S. Pereira and Dr W. T. Al-Jamal
School of Pharmacy
University of East Anglia
Norwich Research Park
Norwich NR4 7TJ (UK)
E-mail: wafa.al-jamal@uea.ac.uk
__________________________________________________
* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
E-mail: khuloud.al-jamal@kcl.ac.uk; wafa.al-jamal@uea.ac.uk
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SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
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Atomic force microscopy (AFM)
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100 µl of poly-l-lysine solution (PL) (Sigma-Aldrich, Deisenhofen, Germany) was deposited
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on freshly cleaved mica (11 mm × 11 mm × 0.15 mm). After incubation for 30 s, the mica was
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rinsed with 4 ml of millipore purged water, the water was soaked up, and finally, the mica was
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dried in a nitrogen stream. The surface topography of L or 1-H samples deposited on a PL-
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coated mica surface was studied with AFM using tapping mode. Aqueous dispersions were
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used without dilution, deposited on the PL-coated mica for 5 minutes at room temperature
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Excess sample was removed and the mica was dried under a gentle flow of compressed nitrogen
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(or a dust-free compressed air spray). The sampling was achieved by oscillating the tapping
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probe to hit the sample surface, which allowed short-time interactions with minimal shear force
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applied on the surface. The oscillation of reflected laser spot signal from the probe cantilever
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(general purpose tips cat: NSC15/AL, Mikromasch, USA) was collected with ScanAsyst®
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Dimension Icon® AFM (Bruker, UK). The AFM images visualization and analysis were
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achieved using WSxM v5.0 Developed 6.2 software (Nanotec Electronica S.L., Madrid,
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Spain).
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2
1
ROI 2
ROI 1
1-H
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Figure S1- Morphological examination of 1-H by low voltage STEM images.
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Amplitude
Heights (3D)
Heights (2D)
1
3
L
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2
0
50 100 150 200
X[nm]
3
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Height (3D)
Amplitude
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6
Z[nm]
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Z[nm]
Z[nm]
1
4
2
0
0
100 200 300 400
X[nm]
0
50 100 150 200 250
X[nm]
Height (2D)
3
2
1-H
1
2
5
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Z[nm]
Z[nm]
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3
2
1
0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
X[nm]
3
7
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5
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3
2
1
0
10
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Z[nm]
1
6
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0 50 100 150 200 250 300
X[nm]
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0 100 200 300 400 500
X[nm]
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Figure S2- AFM height images in 2D and 3D. L and 1-H showed a cross-section height of 5
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~ 10 nm, indicating collapse of the liposomes on the mica surface. Samples 1-H showed more
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heterogeneous structures compared to liposome sample.
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