Name: ___________________________Period: _______Date: _____________
Plate Tectonic Review for test on Thursday, October 16, 2014
Alfred Wegener
drifted
Plate Tectonics
volcanoes
attached
fossil evidence
plates
coastlines
line up
supercontinent
continents
movement
sea floor
Fill in the Blank, Plate Tectonics:
The Theory of Continental Drift was proposed by _____Alfred Wegner_____ in 1912.
The theory states that all the ____continents____ were once one ___supercontinent______
named Pangaea and have since __drifted__ apart to their current locations. The evidence that
supports Continental Drift is: similar __fossil evidence____ from different continents, the
landforms _line up___, and the __coastlines___ of the current continents fit together like a
puzzle. The Continental Drift Theory has since changed into the Theory of _Plate Tectonics__ .
This theory states that the earth’s crust is broken into large moving pieces called __plates__ to
which the continents are ___attached__. Along with the evidence that was used to support
Continental Drift, new evidence such as __sea floor__ spreading, earthquakes and
____volcanoes______, and actual recorded ___movement___ all help support Plate Tectonics.
Fill in the Blank, Plate Boundaries:
boundary
collision
earthquakes
faults
new ocean crust
ocean
San Andres
subducted
toward
transform boundary
crust
Himalayan Mts
past
subduction
upward
divergent
Mid-Ocean Ridge
rift valleys
tall mountains
volcanoes
The crust is broken into 16 plates: These plates shift and move in all directions. Where they
meet one another is called a plate ___boundary__.
There are three types:

A ___divergent___ boundary is where the two plates move away from one another.
Here we find ___rift valleys___ and ridges. New __crust__ is formed at these types of
boundaries.
Name: ___________________________Period: _______Date: _____________

An example of this type of boundary is the ___Mid Ocean Ridge_______
_____________.

A convergent boundary is where the two plates move ___toward___ one another.

If __subduction___ occurs, then one plate is forced underneath the other and
__ocean___ trenches and coastal mountain ranges with ___volcanoes___ are formed
along the boundary.

If __collision____ occurs then both plates collide and push __upward____ creating
__Tall Mountains____ with mild earthquakes. An example of this type of convergent
boundary is found in the __Himalayan Mountains___ of India.

The third type of boundary is called a __transform boundary___. At this boundary the
plates move _past__ one another in different directions. This movement creates visible
__faults____ and lots of __earthquakes___. Prime example is the __San Andreas__
Fault in California.

During sea-floor spreading, new crust forms when molten material from the mantle will
rise up and fill in to form __New Ocean
Crust___. The opposite edges of the
boundary then become __subducted_____.
(Word Bank Ends)
What is the difference between a constructive and a destructive force that shapes the
Earth’s surface? Constructive forces = help build land features like mountains, crust.
Destructive forces = break down / destroy land features like earthquakes, weather
and erosion.

What happens to the temperature and pressure as you go deeper into the Earth?
Both increase

What indirect method can be used to map the bottom of the deep ocean
floor?______sonar ______
Name: ___________________________Period: _______Date: _____________
Label the Inside of the Earth:
Describe what each layer is made of:
Crust:____hard rock and minerals____________________
Inner Core:___solid metal (iron and nickel)____________
Outer Core:____melted (molten) metal___________________
Mantle:_____magma, hot rock_______________
Rock Cycle
1. Name the three basic types of rocks. ____sedimentary, metamorphic, igneous
2. From what material are igneous rocks formed?
__magma___
3. Explain the difference between intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks. Extrusive rock
hardens above the surface of the Earth. Intrusive rock hardens in the ground and has
more crystal because it takes longer to cool.
4. In the rock cycle the processes of __heat_ and ___pressure___ produce metamorphic rock.
Sediments for sedimentary rock are produced by the processes of ___erosion___ and
Name: ___________________________Period: _______Date: _____________
_____weathering__ from the forces of the elements above the earth’s surface. Igneous rocks
form when molten material __melts__ into magma and
__hardens (crystallizes)__ as it cools.
5. List and describe the 3 steps of lithification:
_______deposition (sediments being dropped), compaction (sediments being pressed
together), cementation (sediments being glued together)___________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
7. Fossils are found in ___sedimentary______rock.
8. Fill in the missing blanks with the correct type of rock.
Igneous rock
Metamorphic rock
Deposition, compaction,
and cementation occurs
Sedimentary rock
sediment
s
Erosion & weathering
occur to form sediments
__Sedimentary rock__
Heat and pressure
___Igenous rock______
Heat and pressure is applied
Magma crystallizes, or
hardens to form this rock
____Metamorphic rock__
Rock melts to form
magma
magma