NicolaeTestemitsanuStateUniversity of Medicine and Pharmacy
Department of Topographic Anatomy and Operative Surgery
192, Stefan cel Mare Blvd
Chisinau, MD-2004
Republic of Moldova
Tel.: 37322-205209 Tel/fax: 37322-295384
To: Class of 2010-2011, year 2, semester 4
TESTS
Course in Topographical Anatomy
Upper limb
Infraclavicular region
1.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Boundaries of the infraclavicular region are:
Inferior border of the major pectoral muscle
Edge of the sternum
Anterior border of the deltoid muscle
Clavicle
The III rib
2.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which fascia forms the capsule of the mammary gland:
pectoral fascia
clavipectoral fascia
superficial fascia
transversal fascia
endothoracic fascia
3.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
4.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Determine which of the following statements are true:
the sheath of pectoralis major muscle represents superficial fascia
the sheath of pectoralis major muscle is pectoral fascia
pectoralis major muscle does not have sheath
pectoralis major muscle forms the anterior wall of the superficial subpectoral space
pectoralis major muscle is surrounded by clavipectoral fascia
The deep layer of pectoral fascia is called:
coracoclavicostalis fascia
pectoral fascia
endocervical fascia
clavipectoral fascia
axilar fascia
5.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The following statements are true:
deltoidopectoral trigonum is limited by: clavicle, deltoid muscle and pectoral major muscle
cephalic vein is situated in the deltoidopectoral trigonum
supraclavicular nerves are situated in the subcutaneuous infraclavicular layer
superficial fascia forms suspensory ligament of mammary gland
cephalic vein flows into the basilic vein
6.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The sheath of which muscle is formed by clavipectoral fascia?
pectoralis major muscle
pectoralis minor muscle
serratus anterior muscle
deltoid muscle
intercostal muscles
7.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Superficial subpectoral space is situated:
posterior to pectoralis major muscle
anterior to pectoralis minor muscle and clavipectoral fascia
posterior to superficial fascia
anterior to deep fascia
in the subcutaneous fatty tissue
8.
a)
b)
Deep subpectoral space is located between:
pectoral fascia
pectoral major muscle
c)
d)
e)
clavipectoral fascia
pectoral minor muscle
deep lamina of the clavipectoral fascia
9.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Pus gathering in the superficial subpectoral space may spread to axilar cavity through the course of:
coracohumeral ligament
suspensory ligament of axilla
cephalic vein
thoracoacromial artery and anterior thoracic nerves
all answers are true
10.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Clavipectoral fascia inserts on
clavicle
coracoid process
sternum
ribs I-V
pectoralis muscle
11.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The mammary gland is enervated by:
branches of intercostal nerves II-VII
brancehs of cervical plexus
anterior thoracic braches of brachial plexus
phrenic nerves
vagus nerves
12.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What neurovascular formation crosses through superficial subpectoral space?
Branches of toracoacromial trunk
Anterior thoracic nerves
Lateral thoracic nerves and arteries
superior thoracic artery.
Thoracodorsal artery and descending scapular artery
13.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Where flows cephalic vein?
In axillary vein
In subclavicular vein
In bazilic vein
In jugular vein
In brahial vein
14. What is the projection of the axillary artery in the infraclaviculară region?
a) a line drawn from the border of the medial and middle third of the clavicle to the internal margin of coraco-brachial muscle in arm
abduction
b) a line drawn from the lateral edge of the sternum to the greater tubercle of the humerus in arm adducted
c) a line drawn from the sternal manumbrium to the greater tuberucle of the humerus in arm adducted
d) a line drawn from the lateral edge of the sternum to the greater tubercle of humersului in arm abduction.
e) a line drown between the medial part and middle third of the clavicle to the inside part of the coraco-brachial muscle in arm adduction
15.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In trigonum clavi-pectorales vessels and nerves are placed in the following sequence:
Inferior axillary vein , above axillary artery and higher brachial plexus
Inferior axillary artery , above axillary vein and higher brachial plexus
Inferior axillary vein , above brachial plexus and higher axillary artery
Inferior axillary artery , above brachial plexus and higher axillary vein
Inferior brachial plexus, above axillary vein and higher axillary artery
16.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In trigonum clavi-pectorales from the axillary artery starts following branches:
a. thoracica superior
a. toracoacromialis
a. clavipectoralis
ramura pectoralis
ramura deltoidea
17.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Lymphatic drainage from the infraclavicular region occurs in:
Infraclavicular lymph nodes
Axillary lymph nodes
Brachial lymph nodes
Sternal lymph nodes
Prescapular lymph nodes
Scapular region
1.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Deep fascia of scapular region forms sheath for next muscles:
supraspinatus muscle
infraspinatus muscle
teres minor muscle
latissimus dorsi muscle
trapezius muscle
2.
d)
e)
The superficial group of muscles from scapular region are:
teres major
teres minor
latissimus dorsi
supraspinatus
trapezius
3.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The osteofibrous scapular sheaths are filled with:
trapezius muscle
supraspinatus muscle
latissimus dorsi muscle
infraspinatus muscle
teres minor et major muscles
4.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Main arteries that form the scapular arterial anastomosis are:
a. suprascapularis
a. axilaris
a. toracoacromialis
a. circumflexa scapulae
ramus descendens a. transversae colli
5.
a)
e)
The scapular region is enervated by the following nerves:
suprascapular n.
infrascapular n.
subscapular n.
lateral thoracic n
dorsal scapular n.
6.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What is the optimal segment for the axillary artery ligation?
more distal to the site of emergence of the subscapular artery
less proximal to the site of emergence of the tireocervical trunk
More distal from the origin of anterior and posterior humeral circumflex artery
in the segment between subscapular artery and supreme thoracic artery
in the segment between subscapular artery and tireocervical trunk
7.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What is the critical segment of the axillary artery ligation?
proximal to the site of emergence of the tireocervical trunk
in the segment between subscapular artery and supreme thoracic artery
in the segment between subscapular artery and tireocervical trunk
in the segment between the subscapular artery and deep arm artery
in the segment between the lateral thoracic artery and supreme thoracic artery
8.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What are the osteofasciale lodges within the scapular region?
supraspinatus lodge (between the supraspinatus fossa and fascia supraspinatus)
medium box (between fossa supraspinatus and infraspinatus fascia)
infraspinatus lodge (between the infraspinatus fossa and infraspinatus fascia)
what is situated previously to scapula (between subscapular fossa and fascia covering the subscapularis m)
subscapularis lodge (between fascia infraspinatus and supraspinatus fossa)
9.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Suppurative process in cellular space located between m trapezius and supraspinatus muscle can be spread to:
axillary fossa
subdeltoid space
lateral triangle of the neck
in supraspinatus lodge
in infraspinatus lodge
a)
b)
c)
b)
c)
d)
Deltoid region
1.
b)
c)
d)
e)
Axilary nerve can be injured in the deltoid region:
by the acromial process
on the posterior margin of deltoid muscle
on the anterior margin of deltoid muscle
at the inferior limit of deltoid muscle
at the superior limit of deltoid muscle
2.
What vessels and nerves are situated in the subdeltoid space?
a)
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
anterior circumflex humeral a.
posterior circumflex humeral a.
dorsal scapular n.
axillary n.
subscapular a.
3.
c)
d)
e)
Wound on the posterior margin of deltoid muscle. Arm abduction suffers. Probably is injured:
brachial plexus
suprascapular nerve
axillary nerve
musculocutaneus nerve
radial nerve
4.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In the fracture of the surgical neck of the humeral bone the following can be injured:
long head of the brachial biceps muscle
circumflex posterior humeral artery
axillary nerve
radial nerve
circumflex anterior humeral artery
5.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What vessels pump blood into the Deltoid muscle?
deltoid branch of toracoacromiale artery
humeri posterior circumflex artery
humeri anterior circumflex artery
scapular artery
circumflex artery scapulae
a)
b)
Axillary region
1.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the following limits of axillary fosae are correct:
inferior margin of pectoralis major muscle
inferior margin of pectoralis minor muscle
inferior margin of latissimus dorsi muscle
conventional lines which connect pectoralis major muscle with latissimus dorsi muscle laterally and medially
inferior margin of subscapular muscle
2.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Posterior wall of the axillary cavity is made of:
subscapular muscle
teres major and minor muscles
latissimus dorsi muscle
long head of the brachial triceps muscle
pectoral major and minor muscles
3.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Through the quadrilateral foramen of the posterior wall of the axillary cavity passes:
axillary artery
subscapular nerve
scapular circumflex artery
axillary nerve
posterior circumflex humeral artery
4.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Through the trilateral foramen of the posterior wall of the axillary cavity passes:
subscapular artery
subscapular nerve
circumflex scapular artery
circumflex posterior humeral artery and axillary nerve
toracodorsal artery
5.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Anterior wall of the axillary cavity is made of:
pectoral minor muscle with clavipectoral fascia
axillary fascia
deep subpectoral space
pectoral major muscle
serratus anterior muscle
6.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Lateral wall of the axillary cavity is made of:
coracobrachial muscle and short head of the biceps brachial muscle
triceps brachial muscle
humeral bone
proper fascia
brachioradial muscle
7.
a)
b)
Medial wall of the axillary cavity is made of:
clavipectoral fascia
thoracic wall
c)
d)
e)
serratus anterior muscle
pectoral minor muscle
pectoral major muscle
8.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The projection line of the axillary artery is drawn between:
anterior and medial 1/3 of axillary fossa
inferior margin of pectoralis major muscle
posterior and medial 1/3 of axillary fossa
half distance between pectoralis major muscle and latissimus dorsi muscle
coracoid process medial epicondyle of humerus
9.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The quadrilateral foramen is bounded by:
teres major muscle
coracobrachial muscle
teres minor and subscapular muscles
humeral bone
long head of the triceps brachial muscle
10.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The trilateral foramen is bounded by:
teres major muscle
coracobrachial muslce
teres minor and subscapular muscles
humeral bone
long head of the triceps brachial muscle
11.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Apex of the axillary cavity is situated between:
elements of the shoulder articulation
I rib
clavicle
pectoralis minor muscle
deltoid muscle
12.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In the clavipectoral triangle the syntopy of the neurovascular bundle regarding the axillary artery is:
medially - axillary vein
laterally - brachial plexus
medially - the medial fascicle of the brachial plexus
laterally - the lateral fascicle of the brachial plexus
medially - cephalic vein
13.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In the pectoral triangle the following branches start from the axillary artery:
superior thoracic artery
thoracoacromial artery and lateral thoracic artery
lateral thoracic artery, circumflex posterior humeral artery and circumflex scapular artery
lateral thoracic artery
all answers are false
14.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In the subpectoral triangle the following branches start from the axillary artery:
thoracoacromial artery
circumflex posterior humeral artery
circumflex scapular artery
subscapular artery
circumflex anterior humeral artery
15.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Collateral circulation will be more efficient if the ligature of the axillary artery will be placed:
proximal to the lateral thoracic artery
distal to the circumflex humeral posterior artery
proximally to the subscapular artery
distal to the subscapular artery
proximal to the thoracoacromial artery
16.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In the subpectoral triangle the axillary artery is surroundingby:
median n.
musculocutaneus n.
ulnar n., medial cutaneus n. of arm and forearm
radial n., axillary n.
suprascapular n.
17.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What are the possible directions of pus direct diffusion from axillary cavity?
to the subdeltoid cellular space
to subpectoral superficial cellular space
to antescalen and interscalen cellular spaces
to infraspinatus lodge and prescapular cellular spaces
to supraspinatus lodge
18.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Axillary cavity is lined by:
5 groups of lymph nodes
adipose tissue cell
axillary neurovascular bundle
branches generated by axillary artery
e)
suprascapular artery and suprascapular n.
19.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the following statements regarding the axillary lymph nodes are correct:
all groups of axillary lymph nodes drain into subclavian lymphatic trunk
Medial Group collects lymph from the anterolateral wall of the abdomen and upper chest navel mammary gland
lymph node from the IIIrd coast, which is first affected in mammary gland cancer metastasis - gang. Zorghius
posterior nodes situated on the path of subscapular artery collecte lymph from the top of the back and posterior cervical area
all groups of axillary lymph nodes drais into the jugular lymphatic trunk
20.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which is the possible way for pus diffusion from axillary cavity to the superficialsubpectoral space?
in the path of axillary n and posterior humeral circumflex artery
in the path of subscapular artery and downward branch
in the path of lateral thoracic artery and circumflex prior humeral artery
in the path of thoracodorsal artery
in the line of the toracoacromial trunk
21.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which is the possible way for pus diffusion from the axillary cavity to antescalen and interscalen adipose cellular spaces?
in the path of the scapula circumflex artery and axillary nerve
in the path of lateral thoracic artery and supreme thoracic artery
in the line of the cephalic vein and lateral cutaneous nerve of the arm
in the line of the axillary neurovascular bundle in proximal direction
on the path of toracoacromiale artery and pectoral muscle branches
22.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which is the possible way to disseminate the pus from axillary cavity to subdeltoid space?
in the path of radial n and subscapular artery
in the path of axillary n and anterior and posterior circumflex humeral artery
in the pathof ulnar n and musculocutaneous n
in the path median n and radial n.
on the path of circumflex scapular artery
23.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What are the limits of subpectoral trigone?
is located between the lower edge of the pectoralis minor and the lower edge of the pectoralis major
the lines drawn through the edges of the lower pectoral muscle
the line drawn through the lower edge of the major pectoralis muscle
line drawn through the bottom of the clavicle and the lower edge of pectoralis minor muscle
the line drawn through the bottom of the pectoralis major and the coast XII
24.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What are the limits of pectoral trigone
corresponds to the lower edge of the minor pectoralis and lower edge of the major pectoralis
corresponds to the boundary of the lower pectoral muscle
corresponds to the limit major pectoralis muscle
corresponds to the lower edge of the clavicle and the bottom of the minor pectoralis
corresponds to the lower edge of the major pectoralis and the XII rib
25.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Posterior cellular tissue of the axillary cavity communicates with?
with the cellular tissue of scapular region through the crack formed between the medial and posterior wall of the axillary cavity
with the subdeltoid cellular tissue through the quadrilateral hole in the line of axillary nerve and posterior circumflex humeri artery
with infraspinatus osteo-fibrous box through the trilateral hole
with the infraclavicular cellular tissue in the path cephalic vein
with the brachial cellular tissue on axillary n path
26.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which statements regarding the axillary artery are true:
the axillary artery is a continuation of subclavian artery
the first portion of the axillary artery passes from the lateral edge of the pectoral muscle until small ribs (within triangle clavipectoral)
a second portion of the axillary artery lies posterior to the lower pectoral muscle (the pectoral triangle limit)
the third portion of the axillary artery is found within subpectoral triangle
The fourth part of the axillary artery passes the quadrilateral hole
27.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
From where is collected the lymph in medial axillary lymph nodes?
from the mammary gland
from the anterolateral thoracic walls
from the upper limb
from the neck region
of the anterolateral abdominal walls
28.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Where is performed the lymph drain from axillary lymph nodes carried out?
in the subclavicular lymph nodes
in the brachial lymph nodes
in abdominal lymph nodes
in mediastinal lymph nodes
none of the mentioned above refer to axillary lymph nodes
29.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the following statements are true?
axillary fossa is bounded from axillary cavity by its own fascia
anterior muscle forms the medial wall of the axillary cavity
latisimus dorsi muscle, teres major and subscapularis muscle form the lateral wall of the axillary cavity
rectangle hole is on posterior wall of axillary cavity
trilateral hole is located on the posterior wall of the axillary cavity
30.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the following statements are false?
pectoral and subpectoral trigone is situated on anterior wall of the axillary cavity
ulunar nerve passes on medial wall of the axillary cavity
axillary vein lies anterior and lateral to the axillary artery
axillary vein lies anterior and lateral to the axillary artery
scapulae circumflex artery passes the quadrilateral hole
Shoulder joint
1.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which portion of the shoulder joint is not supported by muscles:
anterior
posterior
extern
medial
is supported by muscles all around
2.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which nerve can be injured if the shoulder is dislocated antero-inferior:
median n.
radial n.
ulnar n.
axillary n.
all nerves can be injured
3.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Humeral dislocation occurs more often in cases of absence or underdevelopment of which ligament:
coracohumeral
oracoacromial
tendon of the long head of biceps brachial muscle
median glenohumeral
superior glenohumeral
4.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Articular surface of the humeral head bone and articular fossa of the scapula is increased because of:
superior glenohumeral ligament
inferior glenohumeral ligament
glenoid labrum
lateral epicondyle
medial epicondyle
Brahial region
1.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The projection line of the brachial artery and median nerve is drawn between:
anterior and medial 1/3 of the axillary fossa
posterior 1/3 of the axillary fossa
centre of cubital plica
medial epicondyl
ateral epicondyl
2.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The projection line of the ulnar nerve in the inferior 1/3 of the arm connects the following points:
the limit between medial and inferior 1/3 of the bicipital groove
medial epicondyl
lateral epicondyl
centre of cubital plica
lateral bicipital groove
3.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In the anterior region of the arm the radial nerve corresponds to:
the inferior 1/3 of the lateral bicipital groove
the inferior 1/3 of the medial bicipital groove
corresponds to the medial bicipital groove
corresponds to the projection of the ulnar nerve
has no projection on the anterior region of the arm
4.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In the subcutaneous fatty tissue of the anterior region of the arm lies:
cephalic vein
basilic vein
median nerve
medial cutaneus nerve of arm and forearm
radial nerve
5.
a)
Proximal third of the anterior fascial lodge of the brachial region contains:
m. triceps brachii, n. radialis
b)
c)
d)
e)
m. coracobrachialis, m. biceps brachii, m. brachialis
a., v. brachialis, n. medianus, n. musculocutaneus
ulnar n.
teres minor m.
6.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Distal third of the anterior fascial lodge of the brachial region contains:
Coracobrachialis muscle, n. radialis, v. basilica
long head of biceps brachii m., n. cutaneus brachii lateralis
biceps brachii muscle, m. brachialis, a. and v. brachialis, a. collateralis ulnaris inferior
N. medianus, n. musculocutaneus
cutaneus brachii medialis nerve, n. cutaneus antebrachii medialis
7.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Syntopy of the main brachial neurovascular bundle in the inferior third is:
ulnar nerve, median nerve, brachial vein, brachial artery
median nerve, brachial vein, brachial artery
brachial vein, radial nerve, brachial artery
ulnar nerve, musculocutaneous nerve, brachial vein.
brachial artery, forearm cutaneus medialis nerve, vena basilica
8.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Ulnar nerve in the superior 1/3 of the arm is situated:
medial and posterior to the median n.
lateral from the brachial a.
medial to the brachial a.
lateral to the basilic v.
medial to the basilic v.
9.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Ulnar nerve in the inferior 1/3 of the arm is situated:
anterior and medial to the brachial a.
between the medial epicondyl of humerus and olecranon
in the fascial sheath of the triceps brachii m.
between brachial m. and biceps brachii m.
in the fascial sheath of the biceps brachii m.
10.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Critical area of the main arterial trunk of the upper limb is situated between:
deep brachial artery
anterior circumflex humeral artery
scapular circumflex a.
posterior circumflex humeral artery
subscapular artery
11.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In the medial 1/3 of the arm the musculocutaneus nerve is situated between:
coracobrachial m.
brachial m.
brachioradial m.
triceps brachii m.
biceps brachii m.
12.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Identify the anatomical structures situated in the posterior fascial lodge of the medial 1/3 of the arm:
triceps brachii m.
radial n.
deep brachial a.
musculocutaneus n.
superior collateral ulnar a.
13.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The projection line of the radial nerve on the arm is the line that connects:
posterior margin of the deltoid m
inferior 1/3 of the lateral bicipital groove
greater tubercle of the humerus bone
lateral epicondyle of the humerus
inferior 1/3 of the medial bicipital groove
14.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Through the humeromuscular canal passes:
axillary nerve and lateral ulnar collateral artery
posterior circumflex humeral a.
musculocutaneous nerve and medial ulnar collateral artery
radial n.
deep brachial a. and v.
15.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In the groove formed by the medial humeral epicondyle and the olecranon are situated:
ulnar n.
superior ulnar collateral a.
inferior ulnar collateral a
anterior ulnar recurrent a.
deep brachial a.
16. The humeromuscular canal is situated:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
in the posterior fascial lodge of the arm
in the anterior fascial lodge of the arm
between the humerus and the triceps brachii m.
between the humerus and the biceps brachii m.
this canal is situated in another region
17.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Terminal branches of the deep brachial a. are:
radial collateral a.
medial collateral a.
superior collateral ulnar a.
inferior collateral ulnar a.
none of the answers are true
18.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Determine which of the statements are true
radial n. can be injured in cases of fracture of the humerus in the middle 1/3
radial n. passes through tha humeromuscular canal
ligature of the brachial a. is better to be performed proximal to the deep brachial a.
in the inferior 1/3 of the brachial region the ulnar n. is situated in the posterior fascial lodge
radial n. gives branches in the middle 1/3 of the forearm
19.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In case of fracture of the humeral bone proximal to the insertion of the deltoid m. bone fragments displace:
proximal fragment is externally rotated under the action of infraspinatus and teres minor mm.
proximal fragment is displaced lateral and anterior under the action of supraspinatus and deltoid mm.
proximal fragment is displaced medial under the action of teres major and pectoralis major mm.
distal fragment is displaced lateral and superior under the action of deltoid m.
distal fragment is displaced posterior under the action of biceps brachii m.
20.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the following statements about the basilica vein in the distal third of the arm are correct?
is located more superficially from the own fascia
is accompanied by medial cutaneous nerve of forearm
is disposed in superficial fascia
is disposed between the superficial fascia blades (channel Pirogov)
is located appropriate to medial bicipital groove
21.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Cephalic vein is located on the arm:
between slats of the fascia propria
under their own fascia
in subcutaneous adipose tissue
in the middle third it is situated in Pirogov channel
in the proximal third is under their fascia propria
22.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Basilica vein in the middle third of the arm is situated:
under fascia propria
under superficial fascia
in a duplication of fascia propria (Pirogov channel)
in subcutaneous adipose tissue
between the superficial fascia and fascia propria
23.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the following statements about brachial neurovascular bundle syntopy is incorrect:
the median nerve in the proximal third of the arm is more laterally disposed from artery
the median nerve in the proximal third of the arm is disposed posterior from brachial artery
median nerve intersects in the middle third the anterior brachial artery
median nerve intersects in the middle third the posterior brachial artery
median nerve in the distal third of the arm is disposed medial to the brachial artery
24.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
At the border with cubital region radial nerve is located between the following formations:
biceps brachii muscle
brahioradial muscle
triceps brachii muscle
pronator teres muscle
brachial muscle
25. Which of the following statements about the topography of the ulnar nerve on the arm are correct:
a) ulunar nerv at the border between proximal and middle third of the arm leaves the anterior lodge of the arm by penetrating medial
intermuscular septum
b) in the limits of middle third is disposed in anterior lodge of the arm
c) in the limits of middle third it locates parallel to medial intermuscular septum in posterior lodge of the arm
d) is accompanied in middle and lower third by the superior ulnar collateral artery
e) in the distal third of the arm is located in the lodge of the triceps brachii muscle
26.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the following statements about the topography of musculocutaneous nerve on the arm are correct:
in the proximal third penetrates coracobrahial muscle
in the proximal third penetrates biceps brachii muscle
in the middle third is arranged between brachial muscle and biceps brachii muscle
in the lower third gushes from under the lateral edge of the biceps brachii muscle penetrating brachial fascia
in the lower third it locates between triceps brachii muscle and brahioradial muscle
27. What cutaneous vein accompanies medial cutaneous nerve on the arm?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
basilic vein
cephalic vein
axillary vein
brachial vein
cubital vein
28.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Brachial artery pulsation can be determined
at the mid of medial edge of the arm
at the medial edge of the deltoid muscle
at the lateral edge of the biceps muscle
at the point of attachment to the arm of the deltoid muscle
artery pulsation can not be appreciated on the arm
29.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which is the optimal place for ligation of brachial artery in the upper third of the arm?
distal ligation to the origin of the deep brachial artery
ligation until deep brachial artery
both methods are possible
none of those listed is preferable to ligation
deep brachial artery ligation only
30.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Skin of posterior region of the arm is innervated by posterior cutaneous nerve of arm that derived from:
radial nerve
ulunar nerve
axillary nerve
musculo-cutaneous nerve
the median nerve
31.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
At what level basilic vein passes through subcutaneous cellular layer of the brachial region?
in lower third
in medium third
in upper third
basilica vein do not pass in the subcutaneous space of the brachial region
from cubital region immediately is placed in his fascial channel
32.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
At compression of which nerve installs paresthesia after tourniquet application in the middle third of the arm?
median nerve
musculo-cutaneous nerve
ulunar nerve
radial nerve
axillary nerve
Cubital region
1.In the subcutaneuous fatty tissue of the anterior cubital region are situated:
a) basilica and cephalic vv.
b) medial and lateral cutaneus nerves of forearm
c) intermediate vein cubits in case of H type anastomosis presence
d) median cephalic and median basilica veinsin case of M type anastomosis presence
e) median n.
2.In the cubital fossa the brachial a. is:
a) medial to the tendon of the biceps brachii m.
b) lateral to the tendon of the biceps brachii m.
c) accompanied by the median n.
d) accompanied by the musculocataneous n.
e) superficial to the proper fascia
3.What muscles are situated in the lateral fascial lodge of the cubital fossa:
a) brachioradial m.
b) biceps brachii m.
c) brachial m.
d) supinator m.
e) pronator teres m.
4.What muscles are situated in the medial fascial lodge of the cubital fossa:
a) pronator teres m.
b) palmaris longus m.
c) flexor digitorum mm.
d) supinator m.
e) all answers are true
5.Where in the cubital fossa is situated the radial nerve:
a.
in the lateral intermuscular septum, between the brachioradial and brachial mm.
b. in the lateral intermuscular septum, between the brachial and biceps mm.
c.
d.
e.
in the medial intermuscular septum
adhere to the joint capsule
in the thickness of the pronator teres m.
6.Determine what statements are true:
a) in the cubital fossa the superficial branch of the radial n. is situated between the brachioradial and supinator mm.
b) the deep branch enters the supinator canal
c) the radial n. has only one branch
d) the superficial branch of the radial n. is accompanied by the radial a.
e) the deep branch of the radial n. is accompanied by the radial a.
7.About the radial artery are true:
a) is situated between the pronator teres and the brachioradial mm.
b) is situated under the palmaris longus m.
c) is accompanied by the median n.
d) is accompanied by the superficial branch of the radial n.
e) is accompanied by the ulnar n
.
8.About the ulnar artery are true:
a) is situated between the superficial and deep flexor digitorum mm.
b) is accompanied by the deep branch of the radial n.
c) from the ulnar a. starts ulnar recurrent a.
d) is situated superficially above the pronator teres m.
e) is situated on the interosseous membrane
9. The arterial net of the elbow joint region is formed by the anastomoses between:
a) posterior circumflex humeral a. and recurrent interosseous a.
b) superior ulnar collateral a. and deep brachial a.
c) superior ulnar collateral a. and posterior ulnar recurrent a.
d) radial collateral a. and radial recurrent a.
e) inferior ulnar collateral a. and anterior ulnar recurrent a.
10. The osteofibrous canal through which the ulnar n. passes in the cubital region is formed by:
a) medial epicondyl of humerus
b) lateral epicondyl of humerus
c) olecranon
d) proper fascia and superficial tissues
e) the head of radial bone
11. Through the canal of the ulnar n. in the cubital region passes:
a) ulnar n.
b) radial n.
c) median n.
d) superior ulnar collateral a.
e) inferior ulnar collateral a.
12. Vena basilica in the cubital region is found:
a) in the celualar subcutaneous space
b) between muscle
c) under its fascia
d) between the superficialis fascia and the proper fascia
e) in the superficial fascia space
13. Which of the subcutaneous veins of the cubital region is more convenient for veno-puncture.
a) cephalic vein
b) vena basilica
c) the radial vein
d) vein ulunară
e) anastomosis between the cephalic and basilica vein
14. During blood pressure measurement phonendoscopic capsule in the cubital fossa should be placed...?
a) at the lateral edge of the biceps brachii tendon
b) at the medial edge of the brachial biceps tendon
c) on the brachial biceps tendon
d) at the medial edge of the epicondyle radial
e) none of the above mentioned
15. In cubital fossa the median nerve is located in relation to the brachial artery...?
a) posterior to brachial artery
b) medial to brachial artery
c) above the brachial artery
d) lateral to brachial artery
e) These two anatomical structures go separately
Atebrachial region
1.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Projection of the ulnar neurovascular bundle on the forearm is the line that connects:
tendon of the biceps brachii m.
styloid process of the ulna
medial epicondyle of the humerus
pisiform bone
olecranon
2.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Projection of the radial neurovascular bundle on the forearm is the line between:
tendon of biceps brachii m.
middle of the cubital fossa
styloid process of the radius
lateral epicondyl of the humerus
scaphoid bone
3.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The projection line of the median nerve on the forearm connects:
tendons of the biceps brachii m.
middle of the cubital fossa
middle point between the styloid processes of radius and ulna
medial epicondyl of the humerus
middle point between the tendon of the flexor carpi radialis m. and palmaris longus m.
4.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In the subcutaneous fatty tissue of the anterior region of the forearm we can find:
cephalic and basilic vv.
medial and lateral cutaneous nerves of the forear
ulnar and radial aa.
median n.
median a.
5.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Determine which of the statements are true:
2 septums start from the proper fascia in the forearm region
the muscles are stratified in 3 layers in the anterior region of the forearm
the 4th layer is represented by pronator quadratus m.
main neurovascular bundles of the forearm are situated in the subcutaneous layer
the Paron-Pirogov space is situated between the 3rd and 4th layer of flexor muscles
6.
b)
c)
d)
e)
Determine between which muscles is situated the radial artery in the medial 1/3 of the forearm:
brachioradialis m.
pronator teres m.
flexor carpi radialis m.
flexor digitorum superficialis m.
supinator m.
7.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The median nerve in the medial 1/3 of the forearm is situated between:
superficial flexor of the fingers m.
deep flexor of the fingers m.
palmaris longus m.
flexor carpi ulnaris m.
flexor carpi radialis m.
8.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The adipose space of Paron-Pirogov on the forearm is delimited by:
deep flexor of fingers m.
long flexor of policis m.
superficial flexor of fingers m.
interosseous membrane
pronator quadratus
9.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The lateral neurovascular bundle of the forearm is formed by:
radial artery and vein
radial n.
median n.
superficial branch of radial n.
deep branch of radial n.
10.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The medial neurovascular bundle of the forearm is formed by:
radial a.
ulnar artery and vein
radial n.
median n.
ulnar n.
11.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The median nerve is accompanied on the forearm by:
comitans a.
median a
ulnar a.
radial a.
none of the answers
a)
12. In the medial 1/3 of the forearm the median nerve is situated:
a) under the proper fascia
b)
c)
d)
e)
between carpiradialis mm. and palmaris longus m.
between brachioradialis and flexor carpi radialis m.
between superficial flexor of fingers and flexor carpi ulnaris m.
between superficial digitorum mm. and deep digitorum mm.
13.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The radial groove in the medial and inferior 1/3 of the forearm is limited by:
brachioradial m.
flexor carpi radialis m.
pronator teres m.
palmaris longus m.
pronator quadratus m.
14.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The ulnar groove of the forearm is limited by:
flexor carpi ulnaris m.
superficial flexor of fingers m.
brachioradial m.
palmaris longus m.
pronator teres m.
15.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What passes through the supinator canal?
radial nerve
deep branch of the radial nerve together with the radial collateral artery
deep branch of the radial nerve
posterior interosseous nerve of the forearm
radial artery
16.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The supinator canal has the following boundaries:
anular radial ligament
supinator m.
brachioradial m.
middle diaphysis of the radial bone
neck of the radial bone
17.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What is the manifestation of the supinatory canal syndrome:
diminished skin sensibility of the anterior-lateral region of the forearm
diminished skin sensibility of the posterior region of the forearm
diminished force of extension of the hand and fingers
inability to flex the hand and fingers
ischemia of the tissues of the posterior region of the forearm
18.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Neurovascular bundle of the posterior region of the forearm is formed by:
posterior nerve of the antebrachii
the terminal branch of the deep branch of the radial n.
posterior interosseous artery and two interosseous veins
radial a.
posterior artery of the forearm
19.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The adipose layer from the posterior region of the forearm communicates with the Pirogov space:
along the perivascular tissue of the interosseous arteries
through the supinator canal
through the openings into the interosseous membrana
through the ulnar groove
through the radial groove
20.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The fatty tissue space from the posterior region of the forearm is displaced:
between the superficial and the deep layers of muscles
between the deep layer of muscles and the interosseous membrana
above the superficial layer of muscles
between the superficial muscles
in this region the fatty tissue space does not exist
21.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The median groove is situated between:
flexor carpi radialis m.
flexor carpi ulnaris m.
superficial flexor of fingers m.
deep flexor of fingers m.
pronator teres m.
22.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The neurovascular interosseous anterior bundle from the forearm region represents branches of:
median n.
ulnar n.
ulnar a. and v.
radial a. and v.
radial n.
23.
a)
b)
c)
The third layer of muscles from the anterior region of the forearm consists of:
long flexor of thumb m.
deep flexor of fingers m.
superficial flexor of fingers m.
d)
e)
pronator teres m.
pronator quadratus m.
24.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the following statements about the topography of median nerv in proximal third of the forearm are correct:
passes under the pronator teres muscle
passes under the supinator muscle
passes through the heads of pronator teres muscle
passes under the flexor digitorum superficialis muscle
passes between flexor digitorum superficialis and profundus muscles
25.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the following statements regarding the ulnar n topography in the proximal third of the forearm are correct:
at the border with the middle third is dispose in ulunar canal of the forearm
within the proximal third goes under the flexor carpi ulnar muscle
passes through the carpal ulnar flexor muscle
passes through ulnar carpal flexor muscle and pronator teres muscle
passes under pronator teres muscle
26.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the following statements regarding the topography of ulnar a. in the proximal third of the forearm are correct:
from the bifurcation place goes under pronator teres m
from the bifurcation site goes under ulnar carpal flexor muscle
passes under the surface flexor m of the fingers
passes under the deep flexor m of fingers
passes through superficial mand deep flexor m. of fingers
27.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the following statements describe the topography of the neurovascular bundle in radial forearm region:
in the proximal third of the forearm there is located between pronator teres m and brahioradial m
in the middle and distal third is located between radial carpal flexor m and brahioradial m
superficial branch of the radial n is more laterally disposed towards artery
The superficial branch of the radial n is disposed more medial to artery
radial n is disposed laterally to artery
28.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Ulnar neurovascular bundle within the forearm has the following topography:
ulnar neorovascular package itself is present in all three thirds of the forearm
ulnar neorovascular package is present only in the middle and distal third of the forearm
ulnar nerve is dispoesd more laterally to ulnar artery
ulnar nerve is disposed more medial to ulnar artery
the ulnar nerve in the limitsof proximal third of the forearm passes under ulnar carpal flexor musсle
29.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Between tendons of what muscles there is situated the median n.in the lower third of the forearm
between the pronator teres
between flexor carpi radialis m
between palmaris longus m
between flexor carpi ulunaris m
between the flexor digitorum superficialis
30. At patient B in the lower third of the forearm on the front part it could be seen a cut wound. The examination determines flexion lack
of the fingers 1, 2 and 3, skin sensitivity loss in the palmar region of the fingers 1, 2, 3; which nerve is damaged?
a) the median nerve was injured
b) the ulunar nerve was injured
c) the superficial branch of the radial nerve was injured
d) deep branch of the radial nerve was injured
e) lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm was injured
31.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Between the ends of which muscles passes the median nerve in the upper third of the forearm? \
brahioradial m
flexor carpi ulunaris m
flexor carpi radialis m
pronator teres m
long palmar m
32.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What muscles cover the anterior interosseous neurovascular bundle in the lower third of the forearm?
pronator round m
pronator teres muscle
deep flexor of fingers
flexor carpi ulunaris
flexor carpi radialis
33.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
List the elements that enter into the composition of the anterior interosseous neurovascular bundle of the forearm?
the median nerve
radial artery
anterior interosseous artery
anterior interosseous nerve
posterior interosseous vein
34.
a)
b)
c)
d)
To assess the pulse in the lower third of the forearm, radial artery is the most optimal, which is this due to?
location of the artery just below its fascia propria of the forearm
locating the artery to the external surface of radius bone
the large diameter of the radial artery
lack of blood collaterals and nerve
e)
the location of the artery in the subcutaneous space
35.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Lateral surface of the forearm skin is innervated by the lateral cutaneous nerve, which is the origin of this nerve?
from musculo-cutaneous nerve
from the median nerve
from the radial nerve
from the side beam of the brachial plexus
from medial bundle of the brachial plexus
Hand region
1.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In the subcutaneous tissue of the carpian region we can find the following structures:
cephalic and basilic vv.
intermediate v.
medial cutaneus nerve of the forearm
radial n.
lateral cutaneus nerve of the forearm
2.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Carpal canal contains the following anatomical structures:
ulnar n.
superficial branch of the radial n.
tendons of the superficial and deep flexors of fingers
tendon of the long flexor muscle of the thumb
median n.
3.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Carpi-ulnar canal (of Guyon) contains:
tendon of the flexor carpi ulnar m.
ulnar artery and vein
ulnar n.
tendon of the flexor digiti minimi m.
all answers are true
4.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The syntopy of the anatomical structures in the carpiulnar canal (of Guyon) :
the artery is situated medial to the nerv
the nerv is situated superficially
the artery is situated lateral and superficially
the nerv is situated deep and medial to the artery
the vein is situated medial to the nerv
5.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The carpi-radial canal contains:
radial artery and vein
radial n.
tendon of the flexor carpi radialis m.
medial n.
superficial branch of the radial n.
6.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Median nerve compression syndrome in the carpian region is determined by:
localization of the nerve between dense fibrous structures with low stretchability
localization of the comitans artery of the median n.
limitrophe localization of the pisiform bone
thickening of the carpal volar ligament
thickness of the median n.
7.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In the subcutaneous tissue of the posterior carpian region are situated the following structures:
cephalic and basilic vv.
tendons of the extensors
medial and lateral cutaneus nn. of the forearm
posterior cutaneus n. of the forearm
superficial branch of the radial n., dorsal branch of the ulnar n.
8.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The radiocarpian joint is formed by:
the radial bone
the trapezoid bone
the ulnar bone with the articular cartilage
the proximal line of the carpian bones
the pisiform bone
9.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Among the proximal carpal bones are the following:
scaphoid
semilunar
tricvetrum
trapezius
e)
pisifor
10.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The palmar aponeurosis formed by:
the extension of the palmaris brevis m. tendon
the extension of the palmaris longus m. tendon
superficial fascia
tendons of the flexors
a triangular plate of dense connective tissue, thick and solid
11.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The superficial palmar arterial arch is projected:
on the proximal transverse palmar crease
in the middle of metacarpian bones
on the distal transverse palmar crease
on the metacarpophalangean crease
on the longitudinal palmar crease
12.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The deep palmar arterial arch is situated:
more proximal than the superficial arch
more distal than the superficial arch
at the same level with the superficial arch
in the thenar fascial lodge
in the mesothenar fascial lodge
13.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In the mesothenar fascial lodge can be found:
tendons of the superficial and deep flexors of the fingers muscles
common palmar digital nn., superficial palmar arterial arch
tendon of the flexor policis longus muscle
subaponeurotic cellular space, subtendinous cellular space
lumbrical mm.
14.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Show possible ways of spreading the pus from the subaponeurotic space of the mesothenar fascial compartment:
along neurovascular bundles of the finger to the subcutaneous palmar tissue
along the deep branch of the ulnar nerve and artery into subtendineous space
on the way of the carpal canal to the forearm and to the Paron-Pirogov space
along the lumbrical muscles to the dorsal region of the hand
along the deep palmer arch to the dorsal part of the hand
15.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Ulnar synovial bursa contains the tendons of:
superficial flexor of the fingers
carpi radial flexor
deep flexor of the fingers
long flexor of the thumb
carpi ulnar flexor
16.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The motor branch of the median nerve enervates the following muscles of the thenar eminence:
adductor policis m.
flexor policis brevis m. (deep head)
abductor policis brevis m.
oponens policis m.
flexor policis brevis m. (superficial head)
17.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The deep branch of the ulnar nerve enervates the following muscles:
palmaris brevis m.
interosseous mm.
adductor policis m.
flexor policis brevis m. (deep head)
flexor policis brevis m. (superficial head)
18.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which branches enervate the palmar region of the fingers:
superficial branch of ulnar n. - ulnar surface of the 5th and 4th fingers
median n. - radial surface of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th fingers
radial n. - radial surface of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th fingers
radial n. - 1st finger, median n. - 2nd, 3rd and 4th, ulnar n. - 5th finger
all answers are wrong
19.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The dorsal region of the fingers is enervated as follows:
superficial branch of radial n. - radial surface of the 2nd and 5th fingers
median n. - radial surface of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th fingers
dorsal branch of ulnar n. -ulnar surface of the 2nd and 5th fingers
radial n. - radial surface of the 5th finger
median n. - 3rd and 4th finger
20.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The superficial palmar arterial arch is formed by:
radial a. and deep branch of the ulnar a.
ulnar a. and deep branch of the radial a.
metacarpian aa.
digital aa.
anastomosis between the ulnar a. and superficial branch of the radial a.
21.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The limits of the mesothenar fascial lodge are:
ligaments of the flexors
palmar aponeurosis
medial and lateral intermuscular septums
the space under the ligaments
interosseous deep fascia
22.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What type of whitlow is the perinychial and subungual whitlows of the fingers of the hand:
of the skin
subcutaneuos
onychia
pandactilitis
tendineous
23.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The osteofibrous canals of the fingers are formed from:
periosteum of the falanx
palmar fascia of the fingers
the parietal layer of the sinovial sheath
the visceral layer of the sinovial sheath
flexor's ligaments
24.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The tendon of the deep flexor of fingers m. inserts on the:
base of medial phalanx
base of distal phalanx
tuberosity of distal phalanx
midpoint of medial phalanx
proximal margin of the nail
25.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Tendon's bands of the superficial flexor of fingers m. inserts on the:
base of medial phalanx
base of distalphalanx
tuberosity of distal phalanx
midpoint of medial phalanx
none of the answers
26.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The sinovial sheats of the flexors on the fingers are formed by:
fibrous canal
peritenon
peribone of the phalanx
epitenon
mezotenon
27.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Articular line of the metacarpophalangeal joint is distal from the prominence of the metacarpal bone head at a distance of:
10-12 mm
8-10 mm
6-8 mm
4-6 mm
2-4 mm
28.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Articular line of the proximal interphalangeal joint is distal from the prominence of the phalanx head at a distance of:
10-12 mm
8-10 mm
6-8 mm
4-6 mm
2-4 mm
29.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Articular line of the distal interphalangeal joint is distal from the prominence of the phalanx head at a distance of:
2-4 mm
4-6 mm
6-8 mm
8-10 mm
10-12 mm
30. To the doctor comes a patient with a right hand trauma. During examination edema and pain are revealed at palpation in the
"anatomic snuffbox". A bone fracture is supposed. Which bone could it be?
a) trapezium bone
b) scaphoid bone
c) trapezoid bone
d) lunate bone
e) pisiform bone
31. A patient has tendosinovitis of the II finger; by the 4th day from the beginning of the illness necrosis of the tendon of the deep flexor of
fingers m. is revealed. What might be the cause of the necrosis of the tendon?
a) compression of the digital arteries
b) compression of the mesothenon by the liquid accumulated in the sinovial sheath
c) compression of the tendon
d) compression of the digital muscles
e) compression of the digital nerves
32.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Pus from the synovial sheath of the little finger may spread to:
subcutaneous fatty tissue of the distal phalanx
Paron-Pirogov cellular space through mesothenar compartment and carpal canal
mesothenar compartment
dorsum of the hand along with the lumbrical mm.
dorsal region of the forearm
33. What type of whitlow is drawn:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
subcutaneous
paronychia
of the bone
subungual
tendineous
34. What type of whitlow is drawn:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
of the skin
of the joint
subepidermal
tendineous
subcutaneous
35. What type of whitlow is drawn:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
cutaneo-subcutaneous "as a buttonhole"
paronychia
tendineous
subungual
subcutaneous
36. What type of whitlow is drawn:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
of the skin
paronychia
subcutaneous
subungual
tendineous
37. What type of whitlow is drawn:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
subcutaneous
pandactilitis
of the bone
subungual
tendineous
38. What type of whitlow is drawn:
a)
b)
c)
of the skin
paronychia
of the bone
d)
e)
subungual
tendineous
39. What type of whitlow is drawn:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
of the skin
paronychia
of the bone
subungual
subcutaneous
40. What type of whitlow is drawn:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
of the skin
paronychia
subcutaneous
subungual
tendineous
41. What type of whitlow is drawn:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Subperiosteal
of the joint
of the bone
subungual
subcutaneous
42.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In case of tendo-vaginitis and tendon bursitis of I hand finger, the purulent process may spread:
on the entire trajectory of the first finger
on palmar surface of the metacarpal region
in the lower third of the anterior region of the forearm
in the extensor carpi ulnaris muscle sheath
in the synovial sheath of the V finger
43.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Cellular subaponeurotic space of the metacarpal region is between:
between the skin and the palmar aponeurosis
between superficial palmar aponeurosis and superficial finger flexor
between deep and superficial finger flexor
between the deep finger flexor and deep palmar fascia
the deep palmar fascia and palmar interosseus muscles
44.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Subaponeurotic cellular space of the median hand lodge contains the following anatomical structures:
common digital arteries and common digital nerves
muscular branches of the median nerve
superficial palmar arch
muscular branches of ulnar nerve
lax cellular tissue
45.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Cellular space of the median subtendinos hand lodge communicates with the Pirogov-Paron cellular space through:
the commissural holes
lumbricali muscles channels
interosseus muscles
tendons of long flexor of the fingers
the radial and ulunare rteries
46.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Fascial lodge of I finger communicates with the cellular space Pirogov-Paron through:
extensor digitorum longus m
abductor longus policis m
abductor policis brevis m
flexor policis brevis m
flexor policis longus m
Lower Limb
Gluteal region
1.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Projection of the superior gluteal a. is:
the superior quadrant of the gluteal region
middle of the gluteal region
the line that connects the posterior-superior iliac spine with the great trochanter, the point between the superior and medial 1/3
the middle of the line that connects posterior-superior iliac spine with the ischial tuberosity
none of the answers
2.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Projection of the inferior gluteal a. is:
the line that connects the posterior-superior iliac spine with the great trochanter, the point between the superior and medial 1/3
more inferior and extern from the line that connects posterior-superior iliac spine with the ischial tuberosity
the region of the ischial tuberosity
on the external line of the sacrum
the superior-inferior quadrant
3.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Projection of the sciatic nerve is the line that connects:
middle of the distance between the ischial tuberosity and the apex of the greater trochanter
middle of the popliteal fossa
ischial tuberosity
gluteal fold
the suprapiriform orifice
4.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which muscle does not take part in the formation of the middle layer of the gluteal region:
gluteus medius m.
piriformis m.
obturator internus m.
obturator externus m.
quadratus femoris m.
5.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What muscles are part of the deep layer of the gluteal region:
gemellus mm.
obturator internus m.
obturator externus m.
gluteus minor m.
piriformis m.
6.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The fatty tissue space under the gluteus maximus m. communicates with:
small pelvis cavity
ischiorectal fossa
posterior lodge of the thigh
anterior compartment of the thigh
anterior lodge of the thigh
7.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The fatty tissue space from the gluteal region communicates with the small pelvis through the means of:
sciatic minor orifice
suprapiriform orifice
proximal part of the ligament of the gluteus major m.
infrapiriform orifice
all answers are correct
8.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Through the suprapiriform orifice pass the following structures:
superior gluteal a. and v.
superior gluteal n.
sciatic n.
inferior gluteal a.
external pudendal n.
9.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Through the suprapiriform orifice pass the following structures:
inferior gluteal a., v., n.
sciatic n., n. cutaneus femoris posterior
lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh
internal pudendal a., v., pudendal n.
external pudendal a., v., n.
10.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The great sciatic foramen is limited by:
sacrotuberal lig.
sacrospinous lig.
lesser sciatic notch
greater sciatic notch
sacrum
11.
a)
b)
c)
The lesser sciatic foramen is limited by:
greater sciatic notch
sacrospinous lig.
sacrotuberous lig.
d)
e)
lesser sciatic notch
sacrum
12.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Superior gluteal nerve exits the pelvis through:
greater sciatic foramen
lesser sciatic foramen
obturator foramen
suprapiriform foramen
infrapiriform foramen
13.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Pudendal Alcock's canal contains:
obturator a., v., n.
pudendal a., v., n.
internal pudendal a., v.
pudendal n.
inferior gluteal a., v., n.
14.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the muscles have their insertion on the greater trochanter?
piriformis m.
gluteus maximus m.
gluteus minimus m.
quadratus femoris m.
iliopsoasm.
15.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The piriformis muscle attachments are the following structure:
posterior superior iliac spine
ala of ilium
coccyx
anterior part of sacrum
anterior superior iliac spine
16.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What is the sintopy of the sciatic nerve in the infrapiriform foramen:
lateral from all structures
more medial from all structures
between the pudend and gluteal inferior neurovascular bundles
medial from the inferior gluteal a.
in general passes through the suprapiriform foramen
17.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Where goes the internal pudendal a. and v. and the pudendal n. from the gluteal region:
parietal space of the pelvis
the posterior compartment of the femur
ischiorectal fossa
the anterior part of the femur
the retrorectal space of the pelvis
18.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the following configurations are correct regarding the topography of internal pudent neurovascular bundle:
leaves the basin through the suprapiriform hole
goes out of the basin through the infrapiriform opening
is located more medially in relation to the other formations
surrounds the sacrospinal ligament and penetrates back into the basin through the small ischial hole
is situated in obturatory membrane duplication (Alcock canal) and enters theischiorectal fossa
19. On the path of which formations communicates the adipose cellular tissue space of the gluteal region with medial lodge space of the
thigh?
a) on the line of anastomosis of the superior gluteal artery and obturatoryartery
b) on the line of anastomosis between inferior gluteal artery and obturatory artery
c) on the line of anastomosis of the superior gluteal artery and medial femoral circumflex artery
d) on the line of anastomosis of the superior gluteal artery and lateral femoral circumflex artery
e) on the line of anastomosis of the superior gluteal artery and internal pudent artery
20.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of these limits refer to the gluteal region?
midline of the sacrum and coccyx
the inguinal ligament
line connecting the pubic symphysis to the medial condyle of the femur
gluteal fold
the line connecting the pubic symphysis to the anterior superior iliac spine
21.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The greater sciatic orifice in the gluteal region is crossed by the following muscles:
iliopsoas m.
internal obturator m.
external obturator m.
piriform m.
gluteus medial m.
22.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Superficial gluteal cellular space is located between:
between the superficial and deep sheet of the gluteal fascia
between the skin and superficial sheet of gluteal fascia
between gluteus maximus m and superficial sheet of proper fascia
between gluteus maximus m and deep sheet of proper fascia
e)
between the gluteus maximus m. and piriform m.
23.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
To the gluteus medius muscle from inferior joins the following muscles:
external obturator muscle
piriform muscle
internal obturator muscle
square lumbar muscle
muscle gemelus
24.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Through suprapiriform opening in the gluteal region pass these anatomical formations ,except:
cellular adipose tissue
the sciatic nerve
femoral nerve
inferior gluteal veins
internal pudenta artery
25.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The most medial anatomical formation which leaves the infrapiriform hole:
the pudendal nerve
superior gluteal nerve
inferior gluteal nerve
the sciatic nerve
cutaneus femoris posterior nerve
26.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Deep gluteal cellular space is located between the following muscle:
between gluteus maximus and minimus m.
between piriform m and internal obturator m.
between internal and external obturator m.
between internal obturator and squared lumbar m.
none of the above variants
27.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Superficial gluteal cellular space communicates with the posterior lodge of the thigh on the trajectory of:
obturatoryartery
the sciatic nerve
femoral nerve
superior gluteal artery
the pudendal nerve
28. Superficial gluteal cellular space communicates with thigh the abductor lodge of the thigh on the trajectory of:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
the sciatic nerve
tendon of the internal obturator m.
tendon of the external obturator m.
femoral nerve
obturatoryartery and vein
29.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Superficial gluteal cellular space communicates with the pelvic parietal cell space in the line of:
the sciatic nerve
obturatoryvessels
iliopsoas muscle
piriform muscle
femoral canal
30.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Superficial gluteal cellular space communicates with ischiorectal fossa on the path of:
pudental vessels
the sciatic nerve
obturatory vessels
femoral vein
lacuna musculorum
31.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The deep phlegmon of the gluteal region mostly is situated :
between the large, medium and small gluteal muscles
between the skin and superficial fascia
between large and medium gluteal muscles
between the superficial fascia and the proper one
between the superficial and deep foil of the proper fascia
Hip joint (coxofemoral ) region
1.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which are the internal ligaments of the coxofemural joint:
iliofemoral lig.
pubofemoral lig.
ischiofemoral lig.
lig. capitis femoris
orbicular zone
2.
a)
Which are the weak points of the capsule of the coxofemural joint:
capsule of coxofemural joint does not have weak points
b)
c)
d)
e)
the collections of pus can spread through every region of the joint capsule
anterior between the pubofemural and the iliofemural ligaments
posterior and inferior under the inferior margin of the ischiofemural ligament
the lateral part
3.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The pus from the hip joint can spread anterior through the pubofemural and iliofemural ligaments towards:
the fascial sheath of the iliopsoas m.
iliopectineal bursa
gluteal region
medial region of the thigh
antero-lateral region of the abdomen
4.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Blood supply of the hip joint is provided by the following arteries:
internal pudendal artery
ascending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery
acetabular branch of the obturator artery
inferior gluteal artery
medial circumflex femoral artery
5.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Arterial net of the hip joint region is formed by the following arterial anastomosis:
glutea superior with ascending branch of a. circumflexae femoris lateralis
glutea inferior with ascending branch of a. circumflexae femoris lateralis
glutea superior with obturator artery
obturatoria with a. circumflexae femoris lateralis
a. obturatoria with a. circumflexae femoris medialis
6.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In case of purulent damage of coxofemoral joint the exudate spreads into the gluteal region on path of:
medium gluteal muscle
the sciatic nerve
iliopsoas muscle
external obturator muscle
obturator canal
7.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In case of purulentdamage of coxofemoral joint the exudate spreads to pelvic cavity on path of:
external obturator muscle
the femoral canal
femoral artery
lacuna musculorum
internal obturator muscle
Anterior-medial region of the thigh
1.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Lacuna musculorum contains:
femoral branch of the genitofemoral nerve
femoral a., v.
iliopsoas m.
femoral n.
lateral cutaneus n. of thigh
2.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In the subinguinal vascular gap (lacuna vasorum) are:
lateral cutaneus n. of thigh
iliopsoas m.
femoral n.
femoral a., v.
femoral branch of the genitofemoral n.
3.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The projection of the deep femoral ring is:
the medial 1/3 of the inguinal ligament
the extern 1/3 of the inguinal ligament
in the middle of the inguinal ligament
lateral from the femoral v.
medial from the femoral v.
4.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Projection of the femoral artery is the line that connects:
middle of the inguinal ligament
medial epicondyle of the femoral bone
proximal edge of the patella
anterior superior iliac spine
distal edge of the patella
5.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Projection of the femoral nerve is:
1 - 2cm laterally from the femoral a.
interior from the femoral a.
posterior from the femoral a.
anterior from the femoral a.
between the femoral artery and vein
6.
Limits of the femoral triangle of Scarp are:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
inguinal ligament
adductor longus m.
vastus literalis m.
sartorius m.
gracilis m.
7.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The bottom of the femoral triangle is represented by:
Iliopsoas muscle
Vastus lateralis muscle
Adductor longus muscle
Pectineus muscle
Gracillis muscle
8.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The superficial branches of the femoral artery are:
internal pudendal a.
inferior epigastric a.
external pudendal a.
superficial circumflex iliac a.
superficial epigastric a.
9.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In the subcutaneous fatty tissue of the femoral region are situated the following nerves:
genitofemoral n.
lateral cutaneus n. of thigh
femural n., anterior cutaneous branches
obturator n., cutaneous branches
pudendal n.
10.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Anterior part of the proximal third of the thigh contains:
sartorius m.
femoral a, v., n., tensor fascia latae m.
adductor longus m.
quadriceps femoris m.
articularis genus m.
11.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Identify the structures placed in the medial (internal) part of the thigh:
adductor brevis m., pectineus m.
adductor longus m.
adductor magnus m.
gracilis m.
sartorius m.
12.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the statements are correct:
fascia lata forms the iliotibial tract
fascia lata forms the lateral and medial intermuscular septums
in the femoral triangle it has 2 layers
the femoral vessels are situated under the deep lamina of fascia lata
lamina cribrosa is part of the fascia lata
13.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the following statements are correct:
the falciform margin is situated above the sartorius m.
the falciform margin is situated above the femoral n.
fascia cribrosa is situated above the femoral v.
fascia cribrosa is situated under the femoral v.
the falciform margin and fascia cribrosa are a portion of the superficial lamina of fascia lata
14.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The fatty tissue space from the femoral triangle (Scarp) communicates with:
retroperitoneum and subperitoneal space through lacuna vasorum and musculorum
subcutaneous fatty tissue of the femur through lamina cribrosa
adductor canal over the femoral neurovascular bundle
anterior fascial compartment of the femoral region over the femoral n.
femoral canal over the femoral v.
15.
a)
b)
c)
d)
The limits of the deep femoral ring:
inguinal ligament
pectineal ligament
lacunar ligament
arcus iliopectineus
femoral vein
e)
16.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The limits of the superficial femoral ring:
medial margin of the sartorius m.
the falciform margin, superior and inferior horns
femoral n.
femoral a.
none of the answers
17. The femoral canal has the following limits:
a) superficial lamina of fascia lata, superior - anterior horn
b) femoral a.
c)
d)
e)
lateral - femoral v.
posterior - deep lamina of fascia lata
transversal fascia
18.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Through the femoral canal passes the following structures:
femoral artery
the bag of femoral hernia
femoral nerve
femoral vein
saphenus nerve
19. The femoral canal contains:
a)
b)
femoral v
safena magna v.
c)
hernial bag
d)
soft connective tissue
e)
lymphatic nodes
20.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The main vessel that forms "Corona mortis" is:
external pudendal a.
femoral v.
obturator a. from the inferior epigastric artery
inferior epigastric a.
obturator a. from internal iliac a.
21.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The adductor canal lays between:
adductor magnus m.
adductor longusm.
vastus medialis m.
gracilis m.
lamina vastoadductoria
22.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the statements are not true:
through the superior foramen of the Hunter canal pass the femoral vessels and saphenous n.
through the anterior foramen of the Hunter canal pass the saphenous n. and the genus descendens a. and v.
through the inferior foramen of the Hunter canal pass the femoral vessels and femoral n.
through the inferior foramen of the Hunter canal the femoral vessels pass into the popliteal fossa
through the superior foramen of the Hunter canal pass the femoral vessels and femoral n.
23.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Identify which of the following statements are correct?
lacuna musculorum is bounded from lacuna vasculorum by the iliopectineal tract
the falciform margin bounds the saphenous opening
superficial epigastric a. takes part in forming the "corona mortis"
saphenous n. exits through the anterior foramen of the Hunter's canal
great saphenous v. flows into the femoral v.
24.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Through the adductor canal (Hunter) pass the following structures:
femoral artery
hernial sac of femoral hernia
femoral nerve
femoral vein
saphenus nerve
25.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Distal fragment of the femoral bone in case of fracture of the inferior third usually is displaced:
medial
lateral
posterior, under the pressure of gastrocnemius m.
medial and anterior, under the action of quadriceps femoris and sartorius mm.
lateral and anterior
26.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In case of fracture of the femoral neck the lower limb takes the following position:
internally rotated
externally rotated
semiflected in the hip and knee joint
abducted
no determined position
27.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The femoral nerve in the superior third of the thigh is situated between:
iliac m.
Iliopsoas m.
femoral v.
femoral a.
sartorius m.
28. Quenu line represents the projection of:
a) the popliteal artery
b) the sciatic nerve
c)
d)
e)
the femoral vein
the femoral artery
the deep femoral artery
29.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
the femoral vein in comparison to femoral artery is placed in lacuna vasculorum:
posterior to artery
lateral to artery
prior to the artery
anterolateral to artery
medial to artery
30.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Medial to femoral vein within the deep femoral hole is situated:
the femoral artery
the femoral nerve
the obturatoryartery
cellular tissue and lymph nodes
the genito-femoral nerve
31.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Femoral artery within the femoral triangle is covered from anterior by:
lamina cribrossa
hiatus saphenus
deep foil of fascia lata
superficial foil of fascia lata
the superficial fascia
32.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Femoral nerve within lacuna musclorum is situated in:
the sheath of sartorius m.
the sheath of right femoral m.
the sheath of iliopsoas m.
the sheath of pectineal m.
the sheath of adductor brevis m.
33.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In case of femoral artery ligation below the deep femoral a departure , in collateral vascularization participates:
circumflex femoris medialis а.
ascending branches ofa. perforantes
popliteal а.
deep circumflex ilium а.
all the above variants
Posterior region of the thigh
1.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Projection of the sciatic nerve is the line that connects:
ischial tuberosity
middle of the popliteal fossa
middle of the distance between the greater trochanter and the ischial tuberosity
medial border of the fibular head
lateral border of the fibular head
2.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Identify the structures placed in the middle third of the posterior part of the thigh:
gracilis m.
semimembranosus and semitendinosus mm.
biceps femoris m.
sciatic n., perforating aa., descendent branch of lateral circumflex femoral a.
pectineus m., adductor magnusm.
3.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The sciatic nerve lays in the posterior compartment of the thigh:
by the gluteal plica - under fascia lata
in the superior third - covered by the long head of biceps fomoris m.
in the middle third - posterior from the adductor magnus m.
in the inferior third between the biceps femoris and the semimembranosus mm.
in the inferior third between the semimembranosus and the semitendinosus mm.
4.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The fatty tissue space from the posterior region of the thigh communicates directly with:
gluteal region
the antero-medial region of the limb
popliteal fossa
lateral region of the femur
all answers are true
5.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
External rotation of the lower leg is determined by:
biceps femoris m.
semimembranosus, semitendinosus, gracilis, sartorius and popliteus mm.
vastus medialis m.
medial part of the patellar ligament
vastus lateralis m.
6.
Internal rotation of the shank is determined by:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
biceps femoris m.
semimembranosus, semitendinosus, gracilis, sartorius and popliteus mm.
vastus medialis m.
medial part of the patellar ligament
vastus lateralis m.
Knee region
1.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Bursas of the anterior region of the knee are the following:
bursa prepatellaris subcutanea, subfascialis and subtendinea
bursa infrapatellaris superficialis
bursa infrapatellaris profunda
bursa suprapatellaris
bursa poplitea
2.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which structures consolidate fascia propria of the anterior region of the knee:
retinaculum patellae mediale
retinaculum patellae anterior
retinaculum patellae laterale
oblique popliteal ligament
proper patellar ligament
3.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which arteries do not participate in the patellar arterial net:
a. genus descendens
a. poplitea with its branches
a. recurrens tibialis anterior
r. circumflexus fibulae
a. peronea
4.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The limits of the popliteal fossa are:
tendon of the biceps femoris m.
semimembranosus and semitendinosus mm.
adductor magnus m.
gastrocnemius m.
gracilis m.
5.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What are the projection lines of the structures in the popliteal fossa region:
popliteal vessels and the tibial n. - middle region of the superior angle of the popliteal fossa
popliteal vessels and the tibial n. - medial margin of the tendon of the biceps femoris m.
the common fibular n. - medial margin of the tendon of the biceps femoris m.
the common fibular n. - lateral margin of the biceps femoris m.
the common fibular n. - medial margin of the semimembranosus m.
6.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What structures can be found in the subcutaneous layer of the popliteal fossa:
great and small saphenous vv.
saphenus n., posterior femoral cutaneous n.
tibial n.
popliteal a.
common fibular n.
7.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Syntopy of popliteal neurovascular bundle from posterior to anterior:
n. tibialis, v. poplitea, a. poplitea
a. poplitea, n. ischiadicus, v. poplitea
n. ischiadicus, a. poplitea, v. poplitea
v. poplitea, n. ischiadicus, a. poplitea
none of answers
8.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the following statements are correct:
popliteal artery is situated lateral to the popliteal vein
popliteal vein is situated lateral to the tibial nerve
popliteal artery is situated medially and deeper to popliteal vein and tibial nerve
popliteal artery is situated lateral to the peroneal nerve
all answers are incorrect
9.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The sural nerve is:
continuation of the saphenus n.
continuation of the femoral n.
continuation of the cutaneus surae lateralis n.
continuation of the cutaneus surae medialis n.
all answers are correct
10.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Branches of the popliteal artery in the popliteal fossa are:
a. tibialis anterior
a. tibialis posterior
aa. genus superiores lateralis and medialis
a. genus media
aa. genus inferiores mediales and laterales
11.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Surgical approach to the popliteal artery is more convenient via the following access:
posterior popliteal
medial, through fossa of Jobert
lateral
transarticular (through the joint)
transligamentar (through the ligament)
12.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Fossa of Jober is bounded by:
medial condyle of the femur and the medial head of gastrocnemian m.
gracilis m.
tendons of the adductor magnus m., semimembranosus and semitendinosus mm.
sartorius m.
popliteus m.
13.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What are the ways of spreading the pus from the fatty tissue space of the popliteal fossa:
inguinal canal
femural canal
obturator canal
posterior region of the thigh
posterior and anterior region of the shank
Knee joint
1.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The structures that form the knee joint are:
femur
fibula
tibia
patella
all answers are correct
2.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the following ligaments from the knee joint region are extraarticular:
anterior cruciate lig.
fibular collateral lig.
tibial collateral lig.
oblique popliteal lig.
posterior cruciate lig.
3. Which ligaments strengthen the anterior portion of the knee joint:
a)rpatellar lig.
b)rtibial collateral lig.
c)rfibular collateral lig.
d)ranterior and posterior cruciate lig.
e)medial and lateral patellar retinaculum
4.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
A maximum relaxation of the knee joint ligaments can be obtained in case of:
maximum flexion of the articulation
maximum extension of the articulation
Semiflexion
internal rotation
it is impossible to obtain a simultaneous relaxation of ligaments
5.
a)
b)
c)
e)
The intraarticular ligaments of the knee joint are represented by:
anterior cruciate lig.
posterior meniscofemoral lig.
arcuate popliteal lig.
posterior cruciate lig.
transverse genicular lig.
6.
The oblique popliteal ligament is the continuation of the following muscle tendon:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
semimembranosus
semitendinosus
sartorius
gracilis
adductor magnus
d)
Leg region
1.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Projection of the anterior tibial artery and of the deep peroneal nerve is the line that connects:
middle of the distance between the head of the fibula and the tibial tuberosity
middle of the bimalleolar distance
medial malleolus
tibial tuberosity
head of fibula
2.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Projection of the posterior tibial artery and of the tibial nerve is the line that connects:
middle of the distance between the head of the fibula and the tibial tuberosity
medial border of the tibia
middle of the distance between Achilles tendon and the medial malleolus
1 cm posterior from the medial border of tibia
medial malleolus
3.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The following structures can be found in the subcutaneous tissue of the leg:
small saphenous v.
cutaneous sural nn.
anterior tibial v.
great saphenous v. and saphenous n.
anterior tibial a.
4.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Anterior fascial sheath of the lower leg region at the level of proximal third contains:
anterior tibial artery and vein and the deep fibular nerve
brevis et longus fibular mm.
anterior tibial m.
extensor digitorum longus m.
common fibular nerve
5.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Anterior fascial sheath of the lower leg region at the level of proximal third contains:
anterior tibial artery and vein and the deep fibular nerve
brevis et longus fibular mm.
anterior tibial m.
extensor digitorum longus m.
common fibular nerve
6.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The superior musculoperoneus canal is formed by:
fibularis longus m.
neck of the fibula
fibularis brevis m.
anterior tibial m.
extensor hallucis longus m.
7.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Identify structures present at the level of medial third of the lower leg in the lateral fascial sheath:
fibularis longus m.
superficial fibular n.
fibularis brevis m.
fibular a. and v.
deep fibular n.
8.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The deep fibular nerve has the following position according to the anterior tibial artery:
in the superior 1/3 - lateral
in the superior 1/3 -medial
in the middle 1/3 - anterior
in the middle 1/3 - posterior
in the inferior 1/3 - medial
9.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The sintopy of the neurovascular bundle of the anterior region of the leg is:
in the superior 1/3 - between the anterior tibial m. and extensor digitorum longus m.
in the superior 1/3 - between the extensor digitorum longus m. and extensor hallucis longus m.
in the inferior 1/3 - between the anterior tibial m. and extensor hallucis longus m.
in the inferior 1/3 - between the extensor digitorum longus and extensor hallucis longus m.
posterior from all muscles
10.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Between which muscles is located the deep fibular nerve in the inferior third of the lower leg:
interosseus membrane
anterior tibial m.
extensor hallucis longus m.
extensor digitorum longus m.
fibularis longus m.
11.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The course of the superficial fibular nerve is:
in the superior and medial 1/3 passes through the fibers of the fibularis longus m., parallel to anterior intermuscular septum
in the superior and medial 1/3 passes through the fibers of the fibularis brevis m.
in the inferior 1/3 parallel to the posterior intermuscular septum
between the fibers of the anterior tibial m.
in the inferior 1/3 is situated in the subcutaneous tissue
12.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What muscles lay in the superficial compartment of the posterior region of the leg:
gastrocnemius m.
posterior tibial m.
soleus m.
flexor digitorum longus m.
plantaris m.
13.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What are the muscles from the deep fascial sheath of the posterior region of the leg:
flexor digitorum longus m.
flexor hallucis longus m.
soleus m.
plantaris m.
posterior tibial m.
14.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which structures unite to form the calcaneal tendon of Achilles:
tendon of the soleus m.
tendon of the posterior tibial m.
tendon of the gastrocnemius m.
tendon of the plantar m.
tendon of the flexor hallucis longus m.
15.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The limits of the cruropopliteus canal (Gruber) are:
interosseus membrane
posterior tibial m. from anterior
soleus m. from posterior
flexor hallucis longus m. from lateral, flexor digitorum longus m. from medial
plantar m. from posterior
16.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The cruropopliteus canal (Gruber) contains the following structures:
posterior tibial a. and v.
anterior tibial a. and v.
tibial n.
common fibular n.
peroneal vessels
17.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The limits of the inferior musculofibular canal are:
fibularis longus m.
fibularis brevis m.
posterior tibial m.
flexor hallucis longus m.
fibula
18.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which structures are situated in the inferior musculofibular canal:
common fibular n.
tibial n.
posterior tibial a.
fibular a and v.
fibularis brevis m.
19.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Identify structures present at the level of middle third of the lower leg in the posterior fascial sheath:
fibularis longus m.
soleus m., gastrocnemius m.
flexor digitorum longus and flexor hallucis longus mm., tibial n., posterior tibial a. and v.
posterior tibial and plantaris longus mm., fibular a. and v.
anconeus m.
20.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which structures are situated in the inferior musculofibular canal:
common fibular n.
tibial n.
posterior tibial a.
fibular a and v.
fibularis brevis m.
21.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the following statements are correct:
superior musculofibular canal is formed by the neck of the fibula and the fibularis longus m.
inferior musculofibular canal is formed by the fibula and the fibularis brevis m.
inferior musculofibular canal contains the peroneal a., v. and n.
superior musculofibular canal contains the common fibular n.
inferior musculofibular canal is formed by the fibula and the long fibular m.
22.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Identify the wrong statements:
arterial trunks can be pressed at the proximal third of the thigh
pseudoartrhoses of distal third of tibia are determined by the insufficient blood supply
superficial and deep venous system of the lower leg connects via communicating veins
small saphenous vein flows into the femoral vein in the distal third of the hip
sural nerve is a motor nerve
23.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Posterior tibial a. and tibial n. are localized in the middle third of the lower leg between:
soleus m.
gastrocnemius m.
posterior tibial m.
flexor hallucis longus m.
flexor digitorum longus m.
24. To which direction spreads the pus from the cruropopliteal canal:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
popliteal fossa
medial malleolar canal
anterior fascial sheath of the leg
lateral malleolar canal
anerior region of the knee
25.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Injury of the tibial nerve compromises (leads to):
dorsal flexion of the foot and extension of the toes
plantar flexion of the foot
flexion of the toes
dorsal flexion of the foot and flexion of the toes
blood supply of the lower leg
The talocrural (ankle) region
1. What structures form the ankle joint?
a) tibia
b) fibula
c) astragalus (talus)
d) calcaneus
e)navicular bone
2.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What structures are situated between the superficial and proper fascia in the talocrural joint region:
great saphenous v. and saphenous n., anterior from medial malleolus
small saphenous v. and sural n., posterior from lateral malleolus
great saphenous v. and saphenous n., posterior from lateral malleolus
superficial fibular n. in the anterior part of the articulation
small saphenous v. and sural n., anterior from medial malleolus
3.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The medial malleolar canal is formed by:
retinaculum of flexorum mm.
medial part of the calcaneus bone
retinaculum of extensorum superior mm.
lateral part of the calcaneus bone
retinaculum of the extensorum inferior mm.
4.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The medial malleolar canal contains the following structures:
tendon of the posterior tibial m.
tendons of flexor digitorum longus and flexor hallucis longus mm.
Achilles tendon
posterior tibial a. and v., tibial n.
tendon of soleus m.
5.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Syntopy of the anatomical structures in the medial malleolar canal starting with the posterior tibial m. is:
tendon of flexor digitorum longus m.
the most posterior is the tendon of the flexor halucis longus m.
neurovascular bundle lyes between the tendons of flexor digitorum longus and flexor halucis longus mm.
the neurovascular bundle is situated immediately posterior from the medial malleolus
posterior from the tendon of the posterior tibial m. is situated the tendon of the flexor halucis longus m.
6.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the following answers are correct:
under the superior fibular retinaculum the fibular mm. are situated in a common osteofibrous sheath
by the inferior fibular retincaculum the fibular mm. have separate osteofibrous sheaths
fibular mm. have a separate osteofibrous sheath through the whole length
fibular mm. have a common osteofibrous sheath through the whole length
there is no superior and inferior fibular retinaculum, there is just one retinaculum
7.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In the subcutaneous tissue of the lateral malleolar region can be found:
small saphenous v.
sural n.
great saphenous v.
deep fibular n.
tibial n.
8.
a)
Which are the ligaments of the talocrural joint:
medial deltoid lig.
calacaneofibular lig.
tendon of Achile
anterior talofibular lig.
posterior talofibular lig.
b)
c)
d)
e)
Foot region
1.
Projection of the dorsal neurovascular bundle of the foot is the following line:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
head of the I metatarsian bone
head of the II metatarsian bone
the II interdigital space
the middle of the bimalleolus distance
the I interdigital space
2.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In the subcutaneous tissue of the dorsal region of the foot can be found:
dorsal venous network
dorsalis pedis a.
superficial fibular n.
sural and saphenous nn.
fibular a
3.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The following structures are situated under the proper fascia of the dorsal region of the foot:
extensor digitorum brevis m.
extensor halucis brevis m.
dorsalis pedis a. and deep fibular n.
anterior tibial m.
superficial fibular n.
4.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Branches of dorsalis pedis artery are:
arcuat a.
deep plantaris branch
medialis et lateralis tarsea aa.
lateral plantar a.
medialis plantar a.
5.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Between which two structures is placed a. dorsalis pedis?
tendon of the tibial anterior muscle
tendon of m. extensor hallucis longus
extensor hallucis brevis m.
extensor digitorum longus m.
extensor digitorum brevis m.
6.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The deep fibular nerv enervates:
skin of the IV interdigital space
skin of the I interdigital space
skin of the medial malleolar region
extensor digitorum brevis m.
flexor mm.
7.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What muscles are situated in the medial fascial sheath of the foot:
flexor digitorum brevis m.
quadratus plantae m.
adductor halucis m.
abductor halucis m.
lumbrical mm.
8.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What anatomical structures are situated in the medial fascial sheath of the foot:
flexor halucis brevis m.
abductor halucis m.
tendon of the flexor halucis longus m.
tendon of the flexor digitorum longus m.
tendon of the posterior tibial m.
9.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In the lateral fascial sheath of the foot are:
abductor digiti minimi m.
flexor digitorum brevis m.
flexor digiti minimi m.
quadratus plantae m.
lumbrical mm.
10.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The walls of the plantar canal are:
medial and lateral intermuscular septums
long plantar lig.
deep fascia of the foot
superficial fascia of the foot
quadratus plantae m.
11.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The plantar canal comprises:
quadratus plantae m.
flexor halucis brevis m.
tendons of the flexor hallucis and digiti longus mm.
lateral and medial neurovascular bundles
flexor digitorum brevis m.
12. Boundaries of the calcaneus canal are:
a) calcaneus bone
b)
c)
d)
e)
abductor halucis m.
adductor halucis m.
quadratus plantae m.
flexor halucis brevis m.
13.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In the calcaneus canal are situated:
medial neurovascular bundle
tendon of the flexor digitorum longus m.
tendon of the long fibular m.
tendon of the flexor halucis longus m.
tendon of the posterior tibial m.
14.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The medial plantar nerve enervates the following structures:
flexor of I toe and digitorum brevis mm.
adductor halucis m.
2 medial lumbrical mm.
2 lateral lumbrical mm.
the skin of the internal part of the I, II, III and IV toes
15.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The structures enervated by the lateral plantar nerve are:
5th toe mm. , quadratus plantae m.
adductor halucis m.
2 lateral lumbrical mm. and interosseus mm.
extern part of the skin of the 5th and 4th toes
flexor dgitorum brevis m.
16.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Where do the tendons of the long extensor muscles insert on the dorsal part of the toes:
lateral portions - at the base of distal phalanges
medial portions - at the base of medial phalanges
lateral portions - at the base of proximal phalanges
medial portions - at the base of distal phalanges
all portions are inserted at the base of distal phalanges
17.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Find the correct answers:
tendons of the flexors from the toes region are united in osteofibrous canals
tendons of the flexors have synovial sheaths
synovial sheaths of the flexors begin from the metatarsal bones
synovial sheaths begin from the calcaneus bone
synovial sheaths of the flexors finish at the base of distal phalanges
18.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Joint of Chopart is formed by:
the head of metatarsal bones
base of proximal phalanx
cuboid bone
astragalus (talus) and calcaneus
navicular bone
19.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Tarsometatarsal joint of Lisfranc is formed by:
head of metatarsal bones
base of proximal phalanx
cuboid and three cuneiform bones
base of metatarsal bones
astragalus (talus) and calcaneus
20.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the following statements concerning the propagation of the plant medial lodge purulents are correct:
in rear leg lodge through calcaneal channel and medial malleolar
in plant medial lodge the on the tendon path of the long flexor hallucis m
in the interdigital spaces in the path of lumbrical mm.
in the back of the foot on path deep plantar a.
in the the lateral lodge of plant on the path of the short flexor m. of the fingers
21.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the following statements about the topography of the medial portion of the plant are correct:
muscles are disposed in three layers
muscles are arranged in four layers
there are two cellular tissue spaces between the 1-2 layer and 2-3 layer of muscle
the third layer of muscles is represented by the adductor halucis muscle and the tendon fibularis longus muscle.
the first layer is represented by the short flexor of the fingers muscle
22.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Indicate the place of pulse palpation for dorsalis pedis artery.
posterior to the medial malleolus
anterior the lateral malleolus
between 1st and 2nd metatarsal bones
between the 3rd and 4th metatarsal bones
in the midway of the intermaleolare distance
Head
1. Why the incisions on the face are made in radial direction:
a) to obtain a broader approach
b) not to injure the branches of the trigeminal nerve
c)
not to injure mimic muscles
d) not to injure the branches of the facial a. and v.
e) to avoid the injure of the branches of the facial n.
2. What type of hematoma is formed in case of injury of medial meningeal artery:
a) epydural
b) subdural
c)
subarahnoidal
d) subpial
e) intracerebral
3.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What causes ambundente bleeding in the case of epicraniene tissue damage?
epicranial vessels are located over cranial aponeurosis
intimate of vessels is intimately attached to the vertical fibrous septums
epicranial vessels are placed under the cranial aponeurosis
epicranial vessels do not collapses
intima of vessels is lax fixed by the vertical fibrous septums
4. The posterior auricular nerv is branch of which nerve:
a) trigemenal n.
b) facial n.
c)
trochlear n.
d) oculomotor n.
e) zigomatic n.
5.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Sides of the Chipaut's triangle of trepanation for mastoidotomy are:
a line traced from spina suprameatum to the tip of mastoid process
facial canal
a line continuing the zygomatic arch on the mastoid process
sigmoid sinus
anterior border of mastoid crest
6.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Sides of attack quadrangle are:
the posterior side is triangle bisector of trepanation.
the inferior horizontal line parallel to superior thru external acoustic pore
superior horizontal line containing the zygomatic arch on mastoid
lateral side is the facial nerve canal
line between suprameatum spina and the apex of mastoid proces, ½ superioră
7.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Not paing attention to what side in trepanning of mastoid process is possible facial nerve damage?
medial side
anterior side
posterior side
superior side
inferior side
8.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Superior and inferior ophthalmic veins drain into:
sinus sagittalis superior
sinus cavernosus
sinus sagittalis inferior
posterior part of orbit
do not drains
9.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What structures pass through the superior orbital fissure?
maxillar n.
oculomotor and ophtalmic nn.
trochlear and abducens nn.
superior ophthalmic vein
zygomatic n.
10.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What passes through oval foramen:
maxillar n.
meningeal accessory branch of middle meningeal a.
mandibular n.
accessory n.
zygomatic n.
11.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Venous drainage from the cavernous sinus goes to:
superior petrosal sinus
transverse sinus
inferior petrosal sinus
venous plexus of the carotid canal
e)
sigmoid sinus
12.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Great cerebral vein drains into:
sagital sinus
sinuses of the base of the skull
straight sinus
transverse sinus
occipital sinus
13.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What is projected on the middle of zygomatic arch?
central cerebral sulcus of Rolando
trunk of middle meningeal artery
anterior cerebral a.
internal carotid a.
lateral cerebral sulcus of Sylvius
14.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Facial artery arises from:
external carotid a.
internal carotid a.
basilar a.
common carotid a.
maxillary a.
15.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Angular artery anastomoses with:
ophthalmic artery
dorsal artery of the nose
parotid arterial branches
posterior auricular artery
superficial temporal artery
16.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What passes through the mandibular foramen:
mental a.
inferior alveolar a. and v.
superior alveolar a.
artery of the inferior lip
inferior alveolar n.
17.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Innervation of the face skin is done by:
facial n.
trigeminal n., terminal branches
glossopharyngeal n.
auricular magnus n., anterior branch
petrosus major n.
18.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Facial nerve passes through:
foramen rotundum
foramen spinosum
carotid canal
facial canal of Fallppio
stylomastoid foramen
19.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Indicate the terminal branches of the facial nerve after its exit from the stilomastoid foramen:
temporal branches
zygomatic and buccal branches
marginal mandibular and cervical branches
pharyngeal branches
posterior auricular n.
20.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Where is situated the trigeminal ganglion:
on the posterior surface of the pyramid of the temporal bone
in the carotid canal of the pyramid of the temporal bone
in the region of the small wings of the sphenoid bone
in the region of the big wings of the sphenoid bone
on the superior surface of the pyramid temporal bone
21.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What regions are innervated by the maxillary nerve:
temporal region
lateral surface of the nose and cheek
superior lip
mucous layer of the nasal septum
mucous layer of the frontal and maxaillary sinuses
22. What branches start from the maxillary nerve in the pterygopalatine fossa:
a) zygomatic nerve
b) lachrymal nerve
c)
d)
e)
superior posterior alveolar branches
infraorbital nerve
deep petrosal nerve
23.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What structures are innervated by motor portion of mandibular nerve?
mylohyoidian muscle
maseter muscle
venter posterior of m. digastricus
venter anterior of m. digastricus
entire digastricus m.
24.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What structures accompanies the auriculotemporal nerve?
middle meningeal artery
deep temporal artery and vein
superficial temporal vein
superficial temporal artery
lateral pterygoid m.
25.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Where is localized the lingual nerve?
in the interpterygoid space
in the temporopterygoid space
in the submucous space of the buccal floor
in the submandibular triangle
under the mucous layer of the tongue frenulum
26.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Through what orifices the orbit communicates with the cranial cavity?
superior orbital fissure
inferior orbital fissure
optic canal
sphenoidal sinus
anterior and posterior ethmoidal foraminas
27.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Ophthalmic vein drains into:
pterygoidian venous plexus
internal jugular vein
cavernous sinus
sagittal superior sinus
superior petrosus sinus
28.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Lymph from the region of lips drains into:
submandibular lymph nodes
buccinator lymph nodes
retroauricular lymph nodes
submental lymph nodes
supraclavicular lymph nodes
29.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What muscle forms the diaphragm of the oral cavity:
genioglossus
hyoglossus
mylohyoid
geniohyoid
palatoglossus
30.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Blood supply of the tongue is provided by:
lingual a.
descending palatinal a.
ascending palatinal a.
pharyngeal ascending a.
sphenopalatinal a.
31.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Lymph from the tongue draines into:
submental lymph nodes
submandibular lymph nodes
retropharyngean lymph nodes
mastoidian lymph nodes
deep cervical lymph nodes
32.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Indicate the motor nerves for the tongue muscles:
mandibular n.
hypoglossal n.
glossopharyngian n.
intermedius n.
superior laryngeal n.
33. Boundary between head and neck is:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
imaginary horizontal line passing through the hyoid bone
the imaginary line which connects the upper edge of the thyroid cartilage with the superior nuchal line
the line passing through the lower edge of the mandible
apex of the mastoid process
occipital superior nuchal line and external occipital protuberance
34.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The boundary between the visceral cranium and the cerebral cranium passes through:
the upper margin of the orbit, the zygomatic bone and arch, all the way to the external acoustic meatus
infraorbital margin, zygomatic arch, mastoid apex, external occipital protuberance
atlas, mastoid apex, zygomatic arch, infraorbital margin
atlas, mastoid apex, zigomatic arch, supraorbital margin
atlas, stiloid apex, zigomatic arch, supraorbital margin
35.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Boundary between the skull base and vault passes through:
external occipital protuberance, inferior nuchal line, mastoid apex, crysta infratemporalis
external occipital protuberance, superior nuchal line, base of the mastoid process, crysta infratemporalis
internal occipital protuberance, inferior temporal line, mastoid apex, crysta infratemporalis
internal occipital protuberance, superior temporal line, base of the mastoid, crysta infratemporalis
internal occipital protuberance, inferior nuchal line, mastoid apex, crysta infratemporalis
36.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In the limits cerebral fornix distinguish the following regions:
frontoparietoccipital region
frontotemporomastoid region
temporal region
mastoid region
occipitotemporalis region
37.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What fatty tissue spaces comprise the epycranian layers:
subcutaneous, subaponeurotic, subperiostal
intradermal,subcutaneous, subaponeurotic, subperiostal
intradermal, paravascular, subperiostal
intradermal, subcutaneous, subaponeurotic
subcutaneous, paravascular, subaponeurotic
38.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Galea aponeurotica connects the following muscles:
frontal
temporal
occipital
nucal
trapezius
39.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In the temporal region we can find the following fatty tissue layers:
subcutaneous
interaponeurotic
subaponeurotic
intermuscular
subperiostal
40.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What are the vascular characteristics of the epicranian tissues:
the vessels lay above the aponeurose
the vessels are fixed by conjunctive septums
have a radial track
do not collabate in case of injury
the arteries form anastomoses with medial meningeal a. through the emissary foramens
41.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the answers represents the venous layers of the cerebral region:
subcutaneous vv., diploic vv., sinuses of the dura mater
intradermic vv., periostal vv., cerebrale vv.
subcutaneous vv., perforant vv., sinuses of the dura mater
diploic vv., emissary vv., cerebral vv.
diploic vv., emissary vv., perforant vv.
42.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What true emissary veins can be mentioned:
parietal emissary vv.
mastoid emissary vv.
orbital emissary vv.
frontal emissary vv.
temporal emissary vv.
43.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Mastoid emissary veins flow into:
sinus transversus
sinus sigmoideus
sinus sagitalis superior
sinus petrosus superior
vena cerebri magna
44.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Parietal emissary veins flow into:
sinus sagitalis inferior
sinus sagitalis superior
sinus sigmoideus
sinus rectus
sinus occipitalis
45.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which bony structure is fractured more frequent on a wider area in craniocerebral trauma:
lamela vitrea
diploe
external lamela
periostum
mastoid process
46.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The trajectory of the neurovascular bundles in the head region is:
radial
parallel
oblique
perpendicular
in the form of "S" letter
47.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Terminal branches of the ophthalmic artery are:
frontal a.
supraorbital a.
superficial temporal a.
transvers a. of the face
angular a.
48.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Find the correct answers:
a. frontalis passes at 2cm from the median line through incisura frontalis
a. supraorbitalis passes at 2,5cm from the median line through incisura supraorbitalis
a. frontalis passes through incisura supraorbitalis at 2cm from the median line
a. supraorbitalis passes at 5cm from the median line
a. supraorbitalis passes through incisura frontalis
49.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Lymphatic vessels from the frontoparietooccipital region flow into:
nodi limphatici auricularis anteriores
nodi limphatici auricularis posteriores
nodi limphatici occipitalis
nodi limphatici frontalis
nodi limphatici buccalis
50.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Inferior sagitalis sinus flows into:
sinus rectus
sinus petrosus superior
confluens sinus
sinus sigmoideus
magna cerebri vein
51.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
How many laminas form the temporalis fascia:
one
two
three
four
it does not have laminas, it is an aponeurosis
52.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
How many cellular fatty tissue layers are in the temporal region:
one
two
three
four
five
53. Find the true sentence:
a) meningeia media insures blood supply to the dura mater, starts from the a. maxilaris, passes through foramen spinosum, gives two
branches in the cranium
b) meningeia media insures blood supply to the arachnoida, starts from the a. maxilaris, passes through foramen lacerum, gives two
branches in the cranium
c)
meningeia media insures blood supply to the pia mater, starts from the a. maxilaris, passes through foramen ovale, gives three
branches in the cranium
d) meningeia media insures blood supply to the arachnoida, starts from the a. carotis interna, passes through foramen lacerum, gives
two branches in the cranium
e) meningeia media insures blood supply to the orbit, starts from the a. carotis interna, passes through foramen rotundum, gives two
branches in the cranium
54.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What muscles insert on the mastoid process:
m. longisimus capitis and splenius
m. sternocleidomastoideus
posterior belly of m. digastricus
m. omohyoid
lateral pterygoid m.
55.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Communication between cavum tympani and mastoid cells is insured by:
aditus ad antrum
recessus epitimpanicus
tegmen tympani
sinus sigmoideus
Eustache's trump
56.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Auditive bones are situated in:
recessus epitimpanicus
cavum tympani
antrum tympanicum
antrum mastoideum
celullae mastoidea
57.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
On which side of the trepanation triangle is projected the sigmoid sinus:
posterior side
superior side
anterior side
anterior and superior side
does not have tangencies with the trepanation triangle
58.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
At what depth and on which side of the trepanation triangle can be injured the facial nerve:
anterior side, at 1,5 - 2 cm depth
superior from porus acusticus externum, at 1cm
posterior from spina suprameatum, subperiostal
anterior side, at 0,5 cm
facial n. is not projected in this region
59.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
How many structures can be injured in case of trepanation of the mastoid process:
one
two
three
four
five
60.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What foramens can be found in the anterior cranial fossa:
foramen caecum
foramens of the lamina cribrosa
foramen rotundum
fisura orbitalis superior
foramen opticum
61.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What passes through the openings from the anterior cranian fossa:
filea olfactoria
a. ethmoidalis anterior
a. ethmoidalis posterior
a. ethmoidalis media
a. meningeia media
62.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Through the cavernos sinus passes:
a. carotis interna
n. abducens
n. trochlearis
plexul pterigoideus
n. oculomotorius
63.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Through the external wall of the cavernos sinus pass the following structures:
n. oculomotor
n. trochlearis
n. ophtalmicus
a. carotis interna
n. abducens
64.
a)
b)
c)
Through the superior ophthalmic fissure pass:
n. ophtalmic
n. trochlearis
n. abducens
d)
e)
n. facial
n. oculomotor
65.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which structures are situated between the external and internal lamina of the bones of the cranium:
lamina vitrea
spongious bone tissue
diploic veins
epidural veins
a. meningea medie
66.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Frontal nerve is the branch of which nerve:
n. infraorbitalis
n. supratrochlearis
n. trochlearis
n. ophthalmicus
n. supraorbitalis
67.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What structure is situated between the laminas of the temporal aponeurosis:
a. temporalis superficialis
interaponeurotic fatty tissue
aa. temporalis profundae
m. temporalis
n. auriculotemporal
68.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
If not following the rules of trepanation in the Chipaut triangle we can enter into medial fosa thru:
on the superior edge - the line that constitutes the extension of zygomatic arch on mastoid apophysis
on the lateral edge - line that goes posterior to porus acusticus externus
în aditus ad antrum
on the posterior edge – at medial edge of the mastoid ttuberosity
no answer is correct
69.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What structures pass through etmoid bone:
v. ophtalmica superior
fila olfactoria
ethmoidalis anterior nerve
ethmoidalis posterior nerve
v. emissariae
70.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What passes through foramen rotundum:
n. maxilaris
n. petrosus minor
vv. emissariae
n. vagus
ramus meningeus n. mandibularis
71.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Where does the dura mater intimly join with the bones of the cranium:
on the vertex of the cranium
on the sfenoidal bone, circular from the cella turcica
lamela cribrosa of the etmoid bone
temporal pyramid
squamos part of the temporal bone
72.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In which anatomical structure flows the sagital sinus:
sinus sagitalis superior
sinus rectus
sinus sigmoideus
sinus transversus
sinus occipitalis
73.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which artery is formed at the confluence of the aa. vertebralis dextra et sinistrsa:
posterior communicating a.
anterior communicating a.
a. basilaris
a. cerebri media
a. carotis interna
74.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What nerve enervates the mimic muscles:
n. trigemenus
n. facialis
n. oculomotorius
n. accessorius
n. trochlearis
75. What branches gives a. temporalis superficialis at the superior margin of the orbit:
a) r. parietalis
b)
c)
d)
e)
rr. parotidei
a. auriculars posterior
rr. auriculares anterior
r. frontalis
76.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which artery is situated in the temporopterygoid space:
a. meningeia media
a. alveolaris inferior
a. maxilaris
a. auricularis profunda
a. tympanica anterior
77.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Through which foramen passed the a. meningeia media into the cranian cavity:
foramen rotundum
foramen spinosum
foramen ovale
foramen magnum
foramen stilomastoideum
78.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
With which vein communicated the pterygoidian plexus:
with v. facialis through v. faciei profunda
with v. retromandibularis through v. maxillares
with sigmoidian sinus
with cavernos sinus through emissary veins from the spinosum, ovale and lacerum foramena
with sinus rectus
79.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which nerv evervates the masticator muscles:
n. trochlearis
n. facialis
n. glossopharyngeus
n. accesorius
n. trigemenus
80.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which nerves begin from the semilunar ganglion (Gasser):
n. opthalmicus
n. auricularis posterior
n. zigomaticus
n. maxillaris
n. mandibularis
81.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What structures can be found in the sphenopalatin fossa:
n. auriculotemporalis
n. zigomaticus
rr. ganglionares of n. maxilar
ganglionum pterigopalatinum
ganglionum ciliare
82.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Through which foramen the mandibular nerve leaves the cranium cavity:
foramen ovale
foramen spinosum
foramen rotundum
foramen stylomastoideum
none of the answers
83.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The projection of the transvers sinus is:
inferior temporal line
superior nuchal line
inferior nuchal line
the line that connects lambda with asterion
zygomatic arch
84.
a.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Which structures pass through the internal acustic prus:
auditiva interna
n. facialis
n. vestibulochohlearis
n. petros maior
n. petros minor
85.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which structures pass through the jugular foramen:
n. glossopharyngeus
n. vagus
n. accesorius
internal jugular v.
n. hypoglossus
86.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The intercranial portion of the facial nerve is situated in the midst of which bone:
temporal
parietal
sphenoidal
occipital
frontal
87.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Inintracerebral cisterns are formed in the following spaces:
subarahnoidean
subdural
epidural
in cerebral ventricles
none of the answers
88.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In which space is the circulus arteriosus Willissii situated:
subarahnoidian
subdural
epidural
subperiostal
extracranial
89.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What regions does the lateral compartment of the face include:
buccal (oralis)
parotydomasseteric
deep facial
genian
nasolabialis
90.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Where is the ganglion of trigeminal nerve situated:
on the impressio trigemeni of the pyramid in the dura mater's duplicature (cavum Meckeli)
subdural on the impressio trigemeni of the pyramid
epidural on the impressio trigemeni of the pyramid
on the impressio trigemeni of the pyramid in the pia mater duplicature
none of the answers
91.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What does the aponeurosis pharyngoprevetebralis limit:
retropharyngeal space from the parapharyngeal space
anterior parapharyngeal space from the posterior parapharyngeale space
retropharyngeal space from the pterygomandibular space
retropharyngeal space from the prevertebral cervical space
previsceral cervical space from the cervicale neurovascular space
92.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What are the limits of the parotideomasseteric region:
anterior - anterioar margin of the masseter m.
posterior - anterior margin of the sternocleidomastoidean m., porus acusticus externus and mastoid process
anterior - anterioar margin of the parotid gland
inferior - mandible margin
superior - zygomatic arch
93.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
How many weak points has the capsule of the parotid gland
One - infratemporal
Two - auricular and pharyngeal
Three - mastoid, interpterigoidian and pharyngeal
Four - mastoid, temporopterigoidian, interpterigoidian and pharyngeal
None
94.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What are the limits of the cellular fatty tissue space of the sublingual gland:
superior - mucosa of the buccal cavity
lateral - the mandible
medial - genyoglossus and genyohyod mm.
inferior - mylohyoid and hyoglossus mm.
inferior - platisma m.
95.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What muscles does the facial nerve enervate:
mimmic mm.
frontal and occipital mm.
stylohyoid m. and posterior belly of the digastric m.
platisma m.
mylohyoid m.
96.
a)
b)
c)
d)
What muscles are enervated by the IIIrd branch of the trigeminal nerve?
masseter m.
temporal m.
medial and lateral pterygoid mm.
mylohyoid m. and anterior belly of the digastric m.
e)
frontal m.
97.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Where does the sphenoidal sinus open:
above the superior nasal conchae
in the medial nasal meatus
in the inferior nasal meatus
in the mesopharynx
in the maxilar sinus
98.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The maxillary sinus opens:
in the medial nasal meatus
in the inferior nasal meatus
in the superio nasal meatus
in the bulla ethmoidalis
nasopharynx
99.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Where does the nasolacrimal canal open:
medial nasal meatus
inferior nasal meatus
superior nasal meatus
nasopharynx
buccal cavity
100.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which muscles cover the arch of the mandible and contribute to the formation of the buccal diaphragm:
mylohyoid m.
digastric mm.
geniohyoid mm.
genioglossus m.
hyoglossus m.
101.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which muscles form the soft palate:
uvulae m.
levator veli palatini m.
tensor veli palatini m.
lateral pterygoid m.
medial pterigoid m.
102. The posterior margin of the soft palate passes into the lateral wall of the pharynx by the means of two folds which contain the
following muscles:
a) palatoglossal m.
b) m. palatopharyngeal
c)
uvulae m.
d) levator veli palatini m.
e) tensor veli palatini m.
103.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What are the limits of the genian region:
superior - inferior magin of the orbit
inferior - margin of the mandible
posterior - anterior margin of the masseter m.
anterior - nasolabial and nasobuccal fold
posterior - ramus of the mandible
104.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Where is situated the corpus adiposum buccae of Bichat:
on the buccal m., anterior from the masseter m.
under the bucal m.
under the zygomatic bone
on the parotid gland
under the bucopharingian fascia
105.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which structures are in direct neighbourhood with the weak points of the parotid gland:
parapharinx
cartilage portion of the extern acustic porus
canal of the facial n.
retropharinx
the capsule of the submandibular gland
106.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Where does the external carotid artery give branches:
in the mass of parotid gland
posterior from the parotid gland
at the entrance of the parotid gland
above the zygomatic arch
between the pteygoid mm.
107. Which are the branches of the extern carotid artery:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
a. temporalis superficialis
a. maxilaris
a. facialis
a. temporalis profunda
a. meningeia madia
108.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Name the branches of the facial nerve which spread from the parotidean plexus:
temporal and zygomatic
buccal
marginal of the mandible
cervical
auriculotemporal
109.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Name formations located in the facial canal:
facial n.
stilomastoidian a and v.
big and smallsuperficialpetros nn.
chorda tympani.
auriculotemporal n.
110.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What passes through the anterior parapharyngeal space?
ascendent palatine a branches.
maxilar a.
vague n.
retromandibulară v..
maxilar n.
111.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What passes through the posterior parapharyngeal space?
internal jugular v. and internal carotid a.
external carotid a.
glossopharyngeal, vagus and accessory nn.
hypoglossal and sympathetic nn..
mandible n.
112.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Retropharyngeal space limits are:
retropharyngeal fascia.
prevertebrală fascia.
fascial sheet betweenthe pharynx and fascia prevertebralis
endocervical fascia.
parotid fascia.
113.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In what direction can be propagated purulent collections located in the adipos body of the cheek?
temporal cellular space
infratemporal cellular space
cellular space
cellular space of the floor of the mouth
cellular parapharyngeal space
114.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Purulent collections of temporopterigoidian space may spread to:
cranial cavity
orbital and nasal
oral
adipose body of cheek
none is correct
115.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Purulent collections of interpterigoidian space may spread to:
temporopterigoidian and parapharyngeal space
cranial cavity
oral
retropharyngeal space
none is correct
116.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What are the limits of lateral parapharyngeal space?
Medial - pharynx with its fascia
lateral- parotid capsule and medial pterigoidm.
superior - the skull base
lateral - parotid capsule and lateral pterigoid m
medial - pharynx and parotid gland
117.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What anatomical structures are located in the anterior portion of the parapharyngeal space?
ascending palatine a. and v.
sympathetic trunk
vagus n.
hypoglossal n.
facial n.
118. What anatomical structures are located in the anterior portion of the parapharyngeal space?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
ascending palatine a and v.
sympathetic trunk
vague n
hypoglossal n
facial n
119.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What anatomical structures are located in the posterior portion of the parapharyngeal space?
ascending palatine a and v.
internal jugular v and internal carotid a.
glossopharyngeal and vagus nn.
accessory , hypoglossal nn. and sympathetic trunk
facial and mandibular nn.
120.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Retropharyngeal space it is situated between:
pharynx and prevertebral fascia
pharynx and endocervical fascia
pharynx and parotid capsule
pharynx and pterygoid mm.
none is correct
121.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Select parts through which passes the limit between cerebral portion of the head and facial portion of the head.
superficial temporal line
supraorbital edge of the frontal bone
superior edge of the zygomatic arch
nucal superior line
inferior edge of the orbit
122.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Select the bones that form the lateral wall of the orbit.
frontal apophyses of the maxilar bone
lacrimal bone
greater wing of sphenoid bone
small wing of the sphenoid bone
zygomatic bone
123.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Select the bones that form the superior wall of the orbit.
ethmoid bone
frontal bone
greater wing of sphenoid bone
zygomatic
small wing of the sphenoid bone
124.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Select the muscles innervated by the oculomotor nerve.
obliquesuperior
elevating muscle of upper eyelid
rectussuperior
rectus inferior
oblique inferior
125.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Select dura mater expansions.
falx sella
falx cerebri
tentorium cerebelli
diaphragm sella
tentorium rectus
126.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Select cisterns derived from the pia mater.
temporal cistern
interpeduncularcistern
chiasmaticacistern
the cistern of anterior cerebral fossa
cisterna medullaris
127.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Select arteries which pump blood into the brain.
internal carotid artery
vertebral artery
meningeal posterior artery
ophthalmic artery
medium meningitis artery
128.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Middle meningeal artery branches are the following.
anterior
superior
inferior
lateral
posterior
129. Facial nerve branches are.
a) great rocky n
b) stapedius n
c)
d)
e)
supraorbital n
chorda tympani
tear n
130.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Frontal sinus opens into:
superior nasal meatus
medial nasal meatus
external nose
mouth
inferior nasal meatus
131.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Pirogov-Waldeyer's lymphatic ring consists of the following elements:
laryngeal tonsil
palatine tonsils
lingual tonsils
tubal tonsils
pharyngeal tonsils
132.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Excretory duct of the parotid gland opens at the level of:
inferior nasal meatus
the first two lower molars
the upper incisors
the first two upper molars
upper canines
133.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The components of the nasal septum are:
the membranous
the cartilaginous
the spongios
the cutaneus
the bone
134.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Through the round opening of sphenoids bone large wings passes:
the first branch of the trigeminal nerve
the second branch of the trigeminal nerve
the third branch of the trigeminal nerve
medial meningeal artery
vertebral artery
135.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Superior nasal meatus communicates with:
posterior ethmoid cells
sphenoid sinus
maxillary sinus
frontal sinus
oral cavity
136.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Lymphatic drainage from the lateral region of the face is carried out in the following lymph nodes:
buccinator lymph nodes
deep facial lymph nodes
parapharyngeal and retropharyngeal lymph nodes
para-auricular lymph nodes
any one of the following call called
137.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Buccinator lymph nodes are situated in:
the anterior border of the masseter muscle
the thickness of the parotid gland parenchyma
in the parotid capsule
the inner edge of the buccinator muscle
the line of facial vein
138.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Lymph paraauricularnodes are situated:
just below the parotid capsule
posterior parathyroid gland
on the edge of the masseter muscle
lateral masseter muscle capsule
the line of the internal carotid artery
139.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The superior orbital fissure communicates with the orbit through:
pterygopalatine fossa
middle cerebral fossa
fossa subtemporală
the mastoid bone cells
temporal fossa
140. Through the inferior orbital fissure, orbit communicates with:
a) pterygopalatine fossa, temporal and infratemporal
b) anterior ethmoid cells
c)
d)
e)
posterior ethmoid cells
inferior nasal meatus
middle cranial fossa
141.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Posterior ethmoid canal joins the posterior ethmoid cells with:
anterior etomoidale cells
orbit
middle cranial fossa
anterior cranial fossa
paranasal sinuses
142.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Ways of exudate spreading from ethmoidal labyrinth:
to inferior nasal meatus
to orbit
to the dura mater
to maxillary sinus
to parapharyngeal cellular tissue
143.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The anterior wall of frontal sinus is formed by:
nasal and frontal processes of the nasal bones
paranasal sinuses
inferior nasal meatus
radix nazi and supraciliar arch
all the above-named versions are correct
144.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
From superior to the sphenoid sinus join next anatomical structures:
Turkish saddle
the body of the sphenoid bone
pituitary
Optical chiazma
cavernous sinus of the dura mater
145.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
From inferior to the sphenoid sinus join next anatomical structures:
upper jaw body
the body of the sphenoid bone
the posterior superior nasal meatus
the average posterior nasal meatus
pharyngeal tonsils
146.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Towards the posterior sphenoid sinus adhere the following anatomical structures except:
Turkish saddle
upper jaw body
cavernous sinus
ophthalmic vein
dura mater
147.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
To bilateral sphenoid sinus adhere the following anatomical structures except:
upper jaw body
cavernous sinus
maxillary nerve and the round foramen walls
ophthalmic vein
anterior face of the occipital bone clivus
148.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Towards the lower maxillary sinus join these anatomical stuctures:
upper jaw body
branch of infraorbital artery and nerve
maxillary tuberosity
alveolar processes of the upper jaw
pterygopalatine ganglion
149.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Towards the posterior maxillary sinus join these anatomical structures except:
body and maxillr superior tuberosity
pterygopalatine artery
superior alveolar nerves
pterygopalatine ganglion
zygomatic process of the maxilla
150.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Superficial lymph nodes group from the parotidomaseteric region is located:
between the skin and subcutaneous cellular space
between subcutaneous cellular space and superficial fascia
between the superficial fascia and parotid parenchyma
between parotid parenchymal septum
between the parenchymal gland and internal sheet of fascia propria
151. Parotid parenchyma contains anatomical formations except the following:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
external jugular vein
the main trunk of the facial nerve
sublingval vein
the external carotid artery
maxillary artery
152.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Parotid parenchyma contains anatomical formations except the following:
the external carotid artery
maxillary artery
superior alveolar nerve
deep group of lymph nodes
superficial temporal artery
153.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The Cellular deep subpterigoidian space of the deep face region is sitauted between:
temporal muscle and the lateral pterigoid muscle
medial and lateral pterigoid muscle
the mandible and medial pterigoid muscle
the maxillary tuberosity and the pterigoid process
none of the above mentioned
154.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Possible ways of propagation of infected exudate from parotido-masseteric area are:
temporo-pterygoid cellular tissue
interpterigoidian cellular tissue
parapharyngeal cellular tissue
external aduitv channel
maxillary sinus
155.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Interpterigoidian cellular space of the deep face region includes:
mandibular nerve with its branches
internal carotid artery
the internal jugular vein
IX pair of cranial nerves
all the above variants
156.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The third branch of the trigeminal nerve is located in:
celuar tissue under the masseter muscle
cellular tissue under buccinator muscle
cellular temoro-pterigoidean space
cellular interpterigoid space
cellular pterigomandibular space
157.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Towards the maxillary sinus from posterior join these anatomical structures except:
body and maxillr tuberosity
middle nasal meatus
pterygopalatine ganglion
pterygoid muscles
the pterygopalatine proccess
158.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Mental nerve is a branch of the nerve:
maxillary nerve (branch 2 of the trigeminal nerve)
trochlear nerve (fourth pair of cranial nerves)
optic nerve (cranial nerves II pair)
inferior alveolar nerve (3rd branch of trigeminal nerve)
oculomotor nerve
159.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Interaponeurotic cellular space of the temporal region communicates with the following cellular spaces:
subcutaneous space of the temporal region
the cellular tissue of the temporomandibular region pterigoidiene
interpterigoidean cellular tissue
the cellular tissue of the bucal region
do not communicate
160.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Clinical significance of emissary veins:
propagation of the inflammatory process
the compensatory adjust of intracerebral pressure
triggers arterio-venous shunt at the increasion of HTA
triggers veno-venous shunt at the increasion of HTA
have no great importance due to small size
161.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What type of hematoma presents the lenticular aspect:
epicranial subaponeurotic
subdural
epidural
subarachnoid
intraparenchimatos
162.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Trauma of the temporal region is aggravated by the following regional particularities:
presence on the internal face of art. Menigeea media
presence on the internal face of art. cerebri media
the absence of diploe
proximity to art. sphenopalatina
thickness of 2 mm of temporal squamus
163.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Name the possible variety of hematoma of fronto-parietal-occipital reg:
intradiploic
subcutaneous
subperiosteal
subaponevrotic
intraparenchymal
164.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Suggest hemostasis method available to diploic vein injury:
ligation
endoscopic ligation
application of hemostatic forceps
treating the defect edge with Wax
procoagulant intravenous medication
165.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Scalp injuries represents:
epicranien tissue takeoff together with the periosteal covering
epicraniene tissue takeoff including the aponeurosis
sever injury, high regenerative potential
injury of medium gravity, low regenerative potential
obligatory association with bone fracture
166.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The presence of inflammatory / purulent affections at the nasal-labial triangle generate:
compression of the facial v. by edema of soft tissues
septic emboli migration throughAngular v.
dissemination process through lingual v.
pterigodian venous plexus thrombosis
cavernous sinus thrombosis
167.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Differentiation of cerebral sinus and cisterns includes:
sinuses are expansion of dura matter
sinuses - circulatory system for cerebrospinal fluid
cisterns- provide cerebral venous return path
cisterns-circulatory system for cerebrospinal fluid
cisterns - sectoral expansion of subarachnoid space
168.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Facial nerve injury results in:
ipsilateral paralysis of mimic muscles
ipsilateral eyelid ptosis, lacrimation
contralateral ptosis of the eyelid, lacrimal hyposecretion
moving the mouth corner toward the healthy side
naso-labial fold attenuation on the healthy side
169.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Theft from cerebral circulation (Steal syndrome) can take place through:
obstruction of the brachiocephalic arterial trunk
obstruction axillary art.
obstruction proximal art. subclavian emergence of vertebral art.
the polygon offset arterial circulatory Willis
shunting cerebral circulation
170.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Clinical significance of fontanels:
allow the increase in the amount of neurons during their active division
allow passage of the head through the birth canal
increase cerebral tissue oxygenation
serve as evidence for late diagnosis of meningeal inflammatory conditions
allow venous abord of thevsuperior sagittal sinus
171.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Cephalic shape "the tower"met in hereditary pathologies of hemoglobin is called:
dolichocephalics
platicefalic
braficefalic
ortocefalic
hipsicefalic
172.
a)
b)
c)
Normal volume of the nasal cavity ventilation include:
medial meatus + superior meatus
medium meatus
superior meatus
d)
e)
inferior meatus + medium meatus
all nasal meatus are included
173.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Location of the olfactory mucosa is bounded by:
superior edge of superior nasal concha
superior edge of rhe medial nasal concha
superior edge of the inferior nasal concha
thevault of the nasal cavity
a horizontal line drawn through the anterior ethmoid hole
174.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Superior nasal meatus can serve as a death cause in:
minimally invasive treatment of neoplasms of the sella turcica
lateral ventriculostomia realization
decompression of the optic chiasm
punction of the maxillary sinus
meatus is only the upper segment of the nasal cavity
175.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
retroocular adipose tissue damage is encountered in:
hypoparathyroidism
hyperparathyroidism
hypothyroidism
hypogonadism
hyperthyroidism
Neck
1.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Choose the correct answer concerning the limits between neck and head:
Inferior edge of the mandibule, tip of the mastoid process, superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance
Horizontal plane which passes through inferior edge of the mandibule
Frontal plane which passes through transverse processes of cervical vertebrae
Horizontal plane which passes at the level of C7 and sternal notch
Horizontal plane which passes through sternal notch and superior edge of clavicle
2.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Borders of the medial triangle of the neck:
Edge of mandibula, sternocleidomastoid muscle, middle line of the neck
Posterior belly of digastricus muscle, sternocleidomastoid muscle, middle line of the neck
Edge of mandibula, sternocleidomastoid muscle, superior belly of omohyoid muscle
Posterior belly of digastricus muscle, sternocleidomastoid muscle, inferior belly of the omohyoid muscle
Horizontal line which on the level of hyoid bone, middle line of the neck, trapezius muscle
3.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Borders of the lateral triangle of the neck:
Inferior edge of the mandibula, sternocleidomastoid muscle, trapezius muscle
Posterior belly of digastricus muscle, sternocleidomastoid muscle, trapezius muscle
Inferior edge of the mandibula, sternocleidomastoid muscle, omohyoid muscle
Clavicle, sternocleidomastoid muscle, trapezius muscle
Horizontal line traced on the hyoid bone, sternocleidomastoid muscle, trapezius muscle
4.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Indicate the structures localized in the medial triangle of the neck:
Common carotid artery
Vagus nerve
Internal jugular vein
Medial supraclavicular nerves
Anterior supraclavicular nerve
5.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Indicate the structures localized in the lateral triangle of the neck:
common carotid artery
vagus nerve
internal jugular vein
medial supraclavicular nerves
anterior supraclavicular nerves
6.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Borders of the submandibular triangle:
Inferior edge of mandible
Anterior edge of sternocleidomastoid muscle
Superior belly of omohyoid muscle
Both bellies of digastricus muscle
Free edge of mylohyoid muscle
7.
a)
b)
c)
Borders of the carotid triangle
Posterior belly of digastricus muscle
Anterior edge of sternocleidomastoid muscle
Posterior edge of sternocleidomastoid muscle
d)
e)
Inferior edge of the mandible
Superior belly of omohyoid muscle
8.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Limits of the omotrapezoid triangle:
Clavicle
Trapezius muscle
Inferior belly of omohyoid muscle
Sternocleidomastoid muscle
Posterior belly of digastricus muscle
9.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What structures are situated in the suprasternal interaponeurotic space?
Extern jugular veins
Lymph nodes
Anterior jugular veins
Jugular venous arch
Anterior supraclavicular nerves
10.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Indicate the extension of the previsceral cervical space:
From the edge of mandible till manubrium sterni and clavicles
From the edge of mandible till the hyoid bone
From the hyoid bone till manubrium sterni
From the superior edge of the thyroid cartilage till manubrium sterni and clavicles
From the edge of the mandibula till the superior edge of the thyroid cartilage
11.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which celluloadipose spaces of the neck communicates with the anterior mediastinum?
Suprasternal interaponeurotic space
Previsceral cervical space
Retrovisceral cervical space
Retropharyngian space
Paravascular space of the main neurovascular bundle of the neck
12.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Borders of the infrahyoid region:
Hyoid bone and the posterior belly of digastricus muscle
Anterior edge of sternocleidomastoid muscle
Horizontal line traced on the level of thyroid cartilage
Inferior edge of mandible
sternum and clavicle
13.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Syntopy of the cervical portion of the trachea:
Anteriorly – thyroid gland isthmus
Anteriorly and bilaterally – thyroid gland lobes
Posteriorly - esophagus
At the level of jugular notch – common carotid arteries
Internal carotid arteries
14.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Indicate arteries that supply the thyroid gland:
Superior thyroid arteries
Inferior thyroid arteries
Medium thyroid arteries
Recurrent thyroid artery
Thyroid imaartery
15.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Lymphoepithelial pharyngeal ring is formed by:
Pharyngeal tonsils
Palatine tonsils
Tubal tonsils
Submandibular tonsils
Lingual tonsils
16.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Innervation of the cervical part of esophagus is provided by:
Vagus nerve
Accesor nerve
Cervical ganglia of the sympathetic trunk
Hypoglossus nerve
Recurrent nerves
17.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Indicate three possible levels of the common carotid artery bifurcation:
Superior border of C5
Superior border of C6
Superior border of thyroid cartilage
At the level of cricoid cartilage
Inferior border of C4
18. Indicate differences between internal and external carotid arteries:
a) External carotid artery is positioned anteriorly and medially to the internal carotid artery
b)
c)
d)
e)
External carotid artery has branches but the internal carotid artery has no branches in the region of neck
Internal carotid artery begins with a dilatation – carotid sinus
Pressure of the external carotid artery in wound stops pulsation of the superficial temporal artery on zygomatic arch
Internal carotid artery gives rise to the superior thyroid artery just at the bifurcation
19.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Carotid reflexogenic zone is situated:
At the level of hyoid bone
At the level of superior border of thyroid gland
In the region of manubrium sterni
In the region of cricoid cartilage
In the region of common carotid artery bifurcation
20.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Indicate the walls of interscalenic space:
Sternothyroid muscle
Anterior scalene muscle
Posterior scalene muscle
Omohyoid muscle
Medium scalene muscle
21.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What veins participate in the formation of the jugular venous angle?
Subclavicular vein
Internal jugular vein
Anterior jugular vein
External jugular vein
Brachiocephalic vein
22.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What structures are situated in the scalenovertebral triangle?
A. subclavia, thyriocervical trunk, a. vertebralis
Thoracic lymphatic duct
Internal jugular vein
Middle cervical ganglion of the sympathetic chain
Inferior cervical ganglion of the sympathetic trunk
23.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Arterial branches that arise from the subclavian artery in the scalenovertebral triangle:
Vertebral artery
Transverse cervical artery
Suprascapulary artery
Thyriocervical trunk
Internal thoracic artery
24.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Thoracic lymphatic duct drains into:
Right subclavian artery
Right brachiocephalic vein
Right internal jugular vein
Left external jugular vein
Left jugular venous angle
25.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Main routes of the inflamation spreading from the region of the neck are:
Posterior mediastinum
Abdominal cavity
Retroperitoneal space
Anterior mediastinum
Pleural cavity
26.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In which triangle is performed the ligature of the lingual artery?
Lingual triangle of Pirogov
Carotid
Submandibular
Lateral triangle of the neck
Medial triangle of the neck
27.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Borders of the omoclavicular triangle:
Superior belly of the omohyoid muscle
Sternocleidomastoidian muscle
Clavicle
Inferior belly of the omohyoid muscle
Median line of the neck
28.
a)
b)
c)
What is the syntopy of the stellate ganglion?
Inferiorly – cupola of pleura
Anteriorly – vertebral and subclavicular artery
Vertebral nerve originates from it
d)
e)
Medially – phrenic nerve
Posteriorly - the long cervical muscle
29.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Choose the structures that have sheath from the first superficial fascia of the neck:
Sternocleidomastoid muscle
Submandibular gland
Parotid gland
Platysma
Posterior belly of digastricus muscle
30.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The projection of the carotic tubercle on the neck is:
middle of the anterior margin of sternocleidomastoideus m.
middle of the sternocleidomastoideus m.when the head is turned laterally
at the level of cricoid cartilage
middle of the sternocleidomastoideus m. when the head is in maximal extension
none of the answers
31.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What can be palpated under the inferior margin of the mandible:
submandibular gland
lymphatic nodes
carotic a.
lingual a.
hyoid bone
32.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which vessel intersects the sternocleidomastoidian muscle from the exterior:
external jugular v.
internal jugular v.
anterior jugular v.
jugular venous arch
thyroid ima v.
33.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The projection of the vocal ligaments is at the level of:
inferior margin of the thyroid cartilage
hyoid bone
crycothyroid membrane
angle of the mandible
crycoid cartilage
34.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Apex of the pleural cupola is projected:
in the supraclavicular fossa
in the infraclavicular fossa
incisura jugularis
does not come out of the thoracic boundaries
in the deltopectoral fossa
35.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
According to V. N. Şevkunenko how many cervical fascias we have:
one
two
three
four
five
36.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which fascias serve as boundary for he suprasternal interaponeourotic space:
fascia superficialis colli and lamina superficialis of the fascia colli propria
superficial and deep lamina of the colli propria fascia
omoclavicular aponeurosis and endocervical fascia
endocervical fascia and prevertebral fascia
visceral and parietal sheaths of the endocervical fascia
37.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The surface of the retrovisceral cervical space is limited by:
basis of the cranium and the diaphragm
basis of the cranium and the hyoid bone
basis of the cranium and incisura jugularis
basis of the cranium and Th5
basis of the cranium and Th1
38.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The prevertebral space is limited by:
cervical vertebra and prevertebral fascia
mm. longus capitis and prevertebral fascia
mm. longus colli and prevertebral fascia
lamina superficialis fasciae colli propriae and fascia prevertebralis
parietal and prevertebral fascias
39.
a)
b)
c)
The prevertebral space contains:
mm. longus capitis
mm. longus colli
sympathetic trunk
d)
e)
vagus n.
mm. splenius capitis
40.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The external jugular vein forms at the confluence of:
retromandibular v.
posterior auricular v.
facial v.
deep facial v.
angular v.
41.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The cutaneous nerves of the neck can be found in the superficial layers at the level of:
middle of the posterior margin of the sternocleidumastoidian m.
middle of the anterior margin of the sternocleidumastoidian m.
angle of the mandible
hyoid bone
vertebra C3
42.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The subcutaneous nerves of the neck are localized:
subcutaneous
between the I and the II fascia
between the II and the III fascia
between the I and the III fasc
none of the answers
43.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which cervical fascia forms a fascial sheth for the submandibular gland:
I fascia
II fascia
III fascia
IV fascia
V fascia
44.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Where do the sheaths of the II cervical fascia which form a capsule for the submandibular gland fix:
inferior margin of the mandible
linea mylohyoidea
superior magine of the mandible
body of the hyoid bone
submandibular duct
45.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What are the limits of the lingual triangle (Pirogov)?
superior - hypoglossus n.
inferior - intermediar tendon of the digastric m.
medial - free margine of the mylohyoideus m.
superior - lingual n.
anterior - free margin of the hyoglossus m.
46.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The floor of the lingual triangle (Pirogov) is formed by:
hyoglossus m.
mylohyoid m.
digastric m.
deep lamina of the II fascia
stylohyoid m.
47.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which branch is the lingual artery from its origin - external carotid artery:
first
second
third
fourth
does not originate from the external carotic artery
48.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which fascias participate at the formation of linea alba colli:
I fascia
II fascia
III fascia
IV fascia
V fascia
49.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
For which muscles the omoclavicular aponeurosis forms a fascial sheath:
pretraheal mm.
prevertebral mm.
suprahyoid mm.
scalen mm.
submandubular mm.
50.
a)
b)
c)
Which nerves enervate the pretraheal muscles:
ansa cervicalis
vagus n.
phrenic n.
d)
e)
n. recurrens dexter
ganglion stellatum
51.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What is the syntopy of the elements of the main neurovascular bundle of the neck:
medial - a. carotis communis, lateral - v. jugularis interna, between the vein and the artery and posterior -vagus n
lateral - a. carotis communis, medial - v. jugularis interna, between the vessels -vagus n.
medial - a. carotis communis, between the artery and nerve - v. jugularis interna, lateral - vagus n.
between v. jugularis interna and vagus n.- a. carotis communis, medial -vagus n.
lateral - a. carotis communis, between the artery and nerve - v. jugularis interna
52.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What is the origin of the subclavicular arteries:
right - from the brachiocephalic arterial trunk, left - aortic arch
left - from the brachiocephalic arterial trunk, right - aortic arch
left - from the brachiocephalic trunk, right - brachiocephalic arterial trunk
left - aortic arch, right - aortic arch
none of the answers
53.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In what cases is affected the interaponeurotic suprasternal space:
in case of purulent myositis
in case of osteomyelitis sternal manumbrium
in case of osteomyelitis of the clavicles
in case of trachea diseases
in case of larynx damage
54.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In what cases is affected the previsceral space from cervical region
in the case of damage to the farynx
in case of damage to the trachea
in case of damage to the larynx
in case of damage to the esophagus
in the case of diseases of the thyroid gland
55.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In what cases is affected the retrovisceral space?
tirioide gland lesions
the trachea lesions
in the lesions of the larynx
in the cervical segment of the thoracic duct injuries
injury (iatrogenic, post-combustion) of the esophagus
56.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What separates the previsceral space from the anterior mediastinum?
fascia propria
omoclavicular fascia
deep tab of the own throat fascia
parietal blade moving in the visceral endocervical fascia (being penetrated by vessels and nerves)
prevertebral fascia
57.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In what cases is affected sternocleidomastoid m cellular tissue sheath space?
in some types of mastoiditis
in purulent myositis
in purulent affecting of the parotid gland
in purulent diseases of the submandibular gland
in thymic disorders
58.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the following statements concerning the area of superficial cellular tissue located in lateral triangle of the neck are correct?
is disposed between the II and III fascia
is disposed between the II and V fascia within omotrapezoidian triungle
is disposed between the III and V fascia within the omoclavicular triangle
on the trajectory of suprascapular artery communicates with the deep spaces of scapular region
on the trajectory of lateral neurovascular bundle items of the neck communicates with axillary cavity
59.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the following statements concerning the area of cellular tissue located in deep lateral triangle of the neck are correct?
is disposed between the II and III fascia
is disposed between the fascia II and V within omotrapezoidian triungle
is deeper disposed to V fascia around the lateral neurovascular bundle neck items
the line of suprascapular artery communicates with the deep spaces of scapular region
on the trajectory of lateral neurovascular bundle items of the neck communicates with axillary cavity
60.
a)
b)
c)
Read the following statements carefully and enumerate the correct ones:
accessor n penetrates II fascia 1.5 cm higher of the middle rear edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
accesor n within the lateral triangle limits of the neck is located on. levator scapula muscle
tumors localized in the lateral triangle of the neck can compress the cervical plexus branches accompanied by pain radiating in all
directions
common carotid artery pulsation can be seen between the front edge of the sternocleidomastoid m and cervical viscera
subclavian artery passes through antescalen space
d)
e)
d)
e)
Which of the following statements about topography of the superior laryngeal nerv are correct?
move within the carotid triangle
passes psterior to thebasics element of the medial neurovascular bundle of the neck, oblique from top to bottom
branches into external branch (which along with another branch of the vagus n tion in forming n - n depressant cordis) and internal
branch
is a branch of the vagus nerv
passes anterior to the basics element of the medial neurovascular bundle of the neck
62.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In case of surgical interventions on thyroid ,which nerve can be damaged?
recurrent laryngeal n
inferior laryngeal n
superior laryngeal n
vagus n
sympathetic trunk
63.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the following statements are correct about the topography of cervical loop (cervical ansa)?
superior branch descends into composition of hypoglossal nerve, from which emerges in limits of the carotid triangle
superior branch starts from II cervical spinal nerve
inferior branch start from. III and IV cervical nerves
innervate pretracheal groups muscle so it is a motor branch
is a sensory branch
64.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the following statements about the topography of the cervical sympathetic trunk are correct?
has superior and inferior lymph nodes (permanent), medium and intermediar (non-permanent)
is mostly located deeper of V fascia on prevertebral mm
superior ganglion is located in the spinous and transverse processes of the cervical II-III vertebrae
medium ganglion, intermediar and inferior are located in limits of the scalenovertebral triangle
medium ganglion, intermediar and inferior are located in limits of the intescalen area
65.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The following triad of symptoms: miosis, narrowing of the palpebral fissure and enophthalmos may occur at:
damage vagus nerve in the cervical region
damage of hypoglossal nerve
damage of sympathetic trunk (cervical spine trauma, compression by tumors in the cervical region)
damage of phrenic nerve
damage of superior and inferior laryngeal nerves
66.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
During surgical intervention on the thoracic duct in limit of the cervical region can be injured:
vague n
inferior laryngeal n
recurrent laryngeal n
phrenic n
sympathetic trunk
67.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In what cases is affected deep space of adipos cellular tissue (deeper the V fascia)?
in case of trachea damage
in case of tuberculous disease of the cervical vertebrae (cold abscess)
in case of esophagus damage
in case of myositis
in case of larynx damage
68.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
limits of submandibular triangle:
the inferior border of the mandible
milohioid muscle
strenocleidomastoidian muscle
anterior and posterior belly of digastric muscle
hyoid bone
69.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Fascia No.3 of the neck is called:
endocervical fascia
submandibular fascia
omoclaviculara fascia
fascia propria
superficial fascia
70.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Submandibular gland bag contains:
submandibular gland
facial artery
trigeminal nerve
lingual artery
thyroid arteries
71.
a)
b)
c)
Boundaries of sternocleidomastoid region are:
edge of the trapezius muscle
the inferior edge of the mandible
the superior edge of the clavicle
61.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
correspond to the sternocleidomastoid muscle
the superior edge of the manubrium sterni
72.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Extra lobe of the thyroid gland is called:
pyramidal lobe
basal lobe
parathyroid lobe
tracheal lobe
lingual lobe
73.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The esophagus begins at the vertebra:
C3
C2
C7
C6
C5
74.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Superficial fascia after Shevkunenko classification is located between:
skin and subcutaneous fat tissue
skin and platysma muscle
platysma muscle and sternocleidomastoid muscule
sternocleidomastoid muscle and the anterior scalene muscle
sternoclediomastoidian muscle and common carotid artery
75.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Superficial sheet of fascia propria of the neck formes a sheath for:
submandibular gland
platysma muscle
sternotiroidian muscle
common carotid artery
the internal jugular vein
76.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Visceral sheet of neck fascia covers the following formations:
parotiroide glands
recurrent laryngeal nerve
esophagus
submandibular gland
thyroid gland
77.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Suprasternal interaponeurotic cellular space contains:
common carotid artery
internal jugular vein
external jugular vein
jugular venous arch (juguli venous arch)
aortic arch
78.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Subcutantat cellular tissue in limits of the carotid triangle contains:
platysma muscle
external jugular vein and cervical plexus branches
the internal jugular vein
facial vein
descending branch of the nerve sublingval
79.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The vagus nerve in relation to carotid artery in the region of carotid triangle is situated:
anterior and medial
posterior and medial
anterior and lateral
posterior and lateral
between the artery and vein
80.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In limits of submandibular triangle posterior of platysma muscle there is:
inframandibular nerve
sublingval nerve
lingual nerve
facial nerve (cervical branch)
cervical plexus
81.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In omoclavicular triangle the external jugular vein is situated in:
subcutaneous adipose tissue
the thickness of the platysma muscle
prevertebralis fascia
superficial sheet of deep fascia
none of the above variants
82. In the omoclavicular triangle the phrenic nerveis between:
a) superficial and deep sheet of the fascia propria
b)
c)
d)
e)
anterior scalene muscle and preverterbal fascia
anterior and medium scalene muscle
medial and posterior scalene muscle
superficial fascia and propria fascia
83.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Scheletotopic larynx corresponds to cervical vertebrae:
Th2 - Th4
Th1 - Th 3
Th3 - Th 4
Th5 - Th6
Th7 - Th 8
84.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Posterior to tracheal adheres intimately the following organ:
cervical portion of the esophagus
pharynx with pharyngeal lobe of the parotid gland
common carotid artery
impair thyroid venous plexus
cervical vertebrae
85.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Pretracheal cellular space of the neck region communicates with the cellular space of:
innteraponeurotic suprasternal space
anterior mediastinum
posterior mediastinum
retroesofagian
none of the above variants
86.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Lingual artery ligation in the Pirogov triangle:
provides postlesional intraoperative hemostasis
is used in lingual neoplasm resection
contribute to decrease the organ in volume
is not used in lingual artery ligation in the lingual triangle
all answers are correct
87.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Innervation of Carotid sinus (Hering n) is achieved by:
mandibular n
short and long ciliary n.
vagus n
glossopharyngeal n
sphenopalatin n
88.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Major clinical sign of laryngeal recurrent nerve damage is:
loss of appetite
dysphagia
dyspnoea
aphonia
euphoria
89.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The afonia cause in the recurrent laryngeal n lesion:
reflector spasm of the vocal cords
vocal muscle paresis
epiglottis contracture
regurgitation of food withaspiration
acute laryngeal dilatation
90.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Branches of subclavian artery in the prescalen segment are:
vertebral artery
transverse coli artery
internal thoracic artery
costocervical trunk
tireocervical trunk
91.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Branches subclavian artery in the interscalen segment are:
vertebral artery
transvera coli artery
internal thoracic artery
costocervical trunk
tireocervical trunk
92.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
branches subclavian artery in the interscalen segment are:
vertebral artery
transvera coli artery
internal thoracic artery
costocervical trunk
tireocervical trunk
93.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The major risk of plagues with cervical localization is conditioned by:
presence of main (magistral) arterial trunk
the negative pressure in the venous system at this level
lymphatic lesion of magistral pathways
the possibility of diffusion of the inflammatory process to the mediastinum
veins ambience due to parietal fixing through fascia
94.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Central venous abord is done by catheterization of:
anterior jugular v.
external jugular v.
internal jugular v.
jugular venous arch
subclavian v.
95.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What fascia forms the sternocleidomastoid and trapezoid muscles sheath:
superficial fascia
superficial lamina of the fascia colli propria
deep lamina of the fascia colli propria
endocervicalis fascia
prevertebralis fascia
96.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the cervical fascia form sheath for infrahyoid muscles:
superficial fascia
superficial lamina of the fascia colli propria
deep lamina of the fascia colli propria
fascia endocervicalis
fascia prevertebralis
97.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The highest vascularization index organ (5ml/min/g) is:
myocardium
thymus
brain tissue
thyroid
parathyroid
Thoracic cavity
1.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Thoracic cavity is delimited by:
ribs only
sternum and vertebral column only
ribs, sternum, vertebral column, intercostals muscles and diaphragm
intercostal muscles and diaphragm
clavicles and costal arch
2.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What does the pleural cavity represent:?
Cavity that is delimited by the visceral and parietal pleura
Space between lung and mediastinum
Cavity between lugs, diaphragm and mediastinum
Cavity delimited by the sheaths of the parietal pleura
It is a part of the thoracic cavity where the magistral vessels pass
3.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which statements are correct conserning the lymphatic dranage from the mammary gland?
There is superficial and deep lymphatic reflux
Parasternal lymphatic nodes recieve lymph from the axillary lymph nodes
Lymph node of Sorgius that lays at the edge of the pectoral major muscle is a sentinel node of the first step
From the internal-superior quadrat the lymph reaches the epigastric ganglia
Main collectors of lymph are the axillary lymph nodes
4.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Venous system of mammary gland is composed by:
Superficial venous rete
Deep venous rete
Intercostal veins
Subclavian veins
Axillary veins
5.
a)
b)
c)
Which fascia forms the capsule for the mammary gland?
Pectoral fascia
Clavipectoral fascia
Superficial fascia
d)
e)
Transversal fascia
Endocervical fascia
6.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which arteries vascularise the mammary gland?
Internal thoracic artery
Lateral thoracic artery
Intercostal arteries
Inferior thyroid artery
Subclavian artery
7.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Mammary gland is innervated by:
Branches of the II-VII intercostal nerves
Branches of cervical plexus
Branches of the brachial plexus
Phrenic nerves
Vagus nerves
8.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
How is called the deep sheath of pectoral fascia:
Superficial fascia
Pectoral fascia
Endocervical fascia
Clavipectoral fascia
Axillary fascia
9.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The fascial sheath of which muscle is formed by the clavipectoral fascia:
Major pectoral muscle
Minor pectoral muscle
Seratus anterior muscle
Deltoid muscle
Intercostal muscles
10.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Superficial subpectoral space is placed:
Behind the major pectoral muscle
In front of the clavipectoral fascia and minor pectoral muscle
Behind the fascia superficialis
In front of deep fascia
In the subcutaneous fatty tissue
11.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Deep subpectoral space is placed:
In front of the major pectoral muscle
Behind the major pectoral muscle
In front of the minor pectoral muscle
Behind the minor pectoral muscle
In front of clavipectora fascia
12.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the following sinuses of the pleural cavity is the deepest?
Costodiaphragmatic sinus
Costomediastinic sinus
Diaphragmomediastinic sinus
Costal sinus
Mediastinal sinus
13.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Space between the sternal part and costal part of the diaphragm on the right side is named?
Triangle of Pirogov
Fissure of Larey
Triangle of Morganye
Triangle of Bohdalec
Triangle of Ghesselbach
14.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Space between the sternal part and costal part of the diaphragm on the left side is named?
Triangle of Pirogov
Fissure of Larey
Triangle of Morganye
Triangle of Bohdalec
Triangle of Ghesselbach
15.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Diaphragm is vascularized by:
musculophrenic arteries
intercostal arteries
superior phrenic arteries
inferior phrenic arteries
superior epigastric artery
16. Main respiratory muscle is:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
M. rectus abdominis
M. obliqus abdominis externus
M. obliqus abdominis internus
mm. intercostales
Diaphragm
17.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
All of the mentioned below refer to congenital anomalies of the heart besides:
Persistence of the duct of Botallo
Interatrial sept undevelopment
Dextro-position of the heart
Acquired mitral stenosis
Interventricular septum underdevelopment
18. In the azygos vein flows:
a) hemiazygos v.
b) Left intercostal veins
c)
Esophageal veins
d) Posterior bronchial veins
e) Mediastinal veins
19. To which rib corresponds the sternal angle (Ludovic):
a) I
b) II
c) III
d) IV
e) V
20. In the intercostal spaces are situated:
a) superficial and deep intercostals muscles
b) intercostals aa.
c) intercostal vv.
d) intercostals nn.
e) endothoracic fascia
21.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Syntopy of the intercostal neurovascular bundle from superior to inferior:
superior - intercostal a., inferior - nerv and more inferior - vein
superior - nerv, inferior - vein and more inferior - intercostal a.
superior - vein, inferior - intercostals a. and more inferior - nerv
the nerv is situated more medial, vessels - more lateral
lateral is situated the nerv, medial - vessels
22.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What represents the pulmonary ligament:
Ligament that bind the right lung with the left lung
Ligament between the pulmonary artery and vein
Double fold of pleura extending from the pulmonary hilum toward diaphragm
Duplication of the parietal pleura in which are placed the pulmonary vessels
Ligament between the aortic arch and the pulmonary artery
23. At the level of what rib can be found the inferior border of the right lung:
a) Vth rib - on the medioclavicular line
b) Xth rib - on the anterior axillar line
c) Xth rib - on the scapular line
d) XIth rib - on the paravertebral line
e) IXth rib - on the posterior middle line
24.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What band intersects from anterior and posterior the right bronchus
right ventricle
internal thoracic a.
superior vena cava
left atrium
azygos vein
25.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Syntopy of the right pulmonary root components from superior to inferior:
Artery, bronchus, vein
Bronchus, vein, artery
Vein, artery, bronchus
Bronchus, artery, vein
Artery, vein, bronchus
26. What intersects the left bronchus:
a) descendent aorta
b) left vagus nerve
c)
left phrenic nerve
d) hemiazygos vein
e) left pulmonary vein
27.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What branches originate from the arch of aorta from right to left?
Right common carotid artery
Left common carotid artery
Arterial brachiocephalic trunk, leftcommon carotid artery, left subclavicular artery
Left subclavicular artery
Left common subclavicular artery
28.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What nerve crosses the arch of aorta from anterior?
Right phrenic nerve
Right vagus nerve
Left phrenic nerve
Left splanchnic nerve
Left vagus nerve
29.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Where is situated the arterial canal of Botallo?
Between aorta and superior vena cava
Between inferior vena cava and aorta
Between pulmonary artery and arch of aorta
Between the right auricle and superior vena cava
Between the left common carotid artery and subclavian artery
30.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
At what level right and left recurrent laryngeal nerves start?
Right – at the level of right subclavian artery
Left – at the level of left brachiocephalic trunk
Left – at the level of aortic arch
Right – at the level of trachea bifurcation
Left and right – at the level of IV cervical vertebra
31.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Where does the right phrenic nerve cross superiorly to the pulmonary hilum pass?
Between aorta and superior vena cava
Between the superior vena cava and right common carotid artery
Between superior vena cava and mediastinal pleura
Between the brachiocephalic truk and superior vena cava
Anteriourly to the arch of aorta
32. Anterior the trachea and manubrium sterni are placed:
a) superior vena cava
b) left subclavian a.
c)
sympathetic trunk
d) recurrent laryngean nerve
e) arch of aorta with brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery and left brachiocephalic vein
33.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What passes immediately posterior from the right bronchus
Azygos vein and right vagus nerve
Right pulmonary artery
Right pulmonary vein
Sympathetic trunk
Inferior vena cava
34.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What criteria correspond to the pulmonary arteries?
Deliver oxygenated blood to the heart
Deliver oxygenated blood to the lung
Deliver unoxygenated blood from the the heart to the lung
Are parallel to the bronchi
Vascularise the pulmonary parenchim
35.
a)
b)
c)
Anterior mediastinum contains everything except:
Thymus
Ascending aorta and arch of aorta
Magistral veins
thoracic lymphatic duct
trachea
d)
e)
36.
a)
b)
c)
e)
Posterior mediastinum contains the following, except:
esophagus
descending aorta
thoracic lymphatic duct
pulmonary hilum, bifurcation of the trachea, arch of aorta
azygos and hemiazygos veins
37.
a)
b)
c)
Posterior mediastinum contains:
Azygos and hemiazygos veins and sympathetic trunks
Thoracic lymphatic duct, thoracic aorta
Esophagus and vagus nerves
d)
d)
e)
Pulmonary arteries and veins
Inferior vena cava and portal vein
38.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Deviation of esophagus in the thoracic part (at the level of thoracic vertebra II-V):
To left
To right
Posterior
Anterior
Localized strictly on the lateral side of the vertebral column
39.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
On the level of whichs vertebra esophagus intersects the aorta from anterior:
Th3
Th5
Th6
Th7
Th8
40.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Venous reflux from the inferior 1/3 of the esophagus directed to:
Vena cava inferior
Vena cava superior
Azygos and hemiazygos veins
Left gastric vein
Portal vein
41.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Lymphatic thoracic duct passes through:
Esophageal opening of the diaphragm
Aortal opening of the diaphragm
Costo-lumbar triangle of the diaphragm
Inferior vena cava opening
Vena azygos opening
42.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
How many outstanding narrowing path esophagus:
a single narrow
two narrowings
three narrowings
four constrictions
does not have on the trajectory or narrow
43.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which organ lesion is a criterion for a thoraco-abdominal trauma?
Lung
Liver
Spleen
Diaphragm
Heart and pericardium
44.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What nerve bends Aorta and ascends cranial?
frenic n.
vague n
intercostal n
the sympathetic trunk n.
the left recurrent laryngeal n.
45. Which statement is correct concerning the stratigraphy of the chest wall?
a) skin, subcutaneus cellular layer, superficial fascia., external intercostal muscle, neuroo-vascular package, internal intercostal muscle.,
fascia endotoracica, prepleural tissue, pleura.
b) skin, subcutaneus celluar layer, superficial fascia, fascia propria, external intercostal muscle, nerve vascular package, internal
intercostal muscle, fascia endotoracica, prepleural tissue, pleura.
c)
skin, subcutaneus celluar layer, superficial fascia, fascia propria, external intercostal muscle, vasculo-nervous package., subcostall
muscle, fascia endotoracica, prepleural tissue, pleura.
d) skin, subcutaneus cellular layer, superficial fascia, fascia propria, external intercostal muscle, vasculo-nervous package., internal
intercostal muscle, fascia endocervical, prepleural tissue, pleura.
e) skin, subcutanues celullar layer, fascia superficialis, fascia propria, external intercostal muscle., vasculo-nervous package, internal
intercostal muscle., endotoracica fascia, preperitoneal tissue, pleura.
46. Which nerves enervate the diaphragm:
a) phrenic nn.
b) branches from vagus and sympathetic nn.
c) 6 pairs of inferior intercostals nn.
d) branches of the lombar plexus
e) infraclavicular nn.
47. What are the internal thoracic artery branches?
a) pericardophrenic a.
b)
c)
d)
e)
superior epigastric a.
musculophrenic a.
mediastinal branches
superior diaphragmatic aa.
48.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What is the terminal branch of the internal thoracic artery?
artery pericardiacofrenică
superior epigastric artery
musculophrenic artery
mediastinal branches
superior diaphragmatic artery
49. Which of the following statements about the toracoacromial trunk are correct:
a) toracoacromial arterial trunk strarts from the subclavian a.
b) toracoacromial trunk is a branch of the axillar a.
c) toracoacromial trunk penetrates the coracoclavipectoral fascia
d) penetrates into the superficial subpectoral fatty tissue space
e) gives pectoral, acromial and deltoid branches
50. Which of the following statements about the costodiaphragmatic sinusare wrong:
a) has a hight of 5 - 7 cm
b) extends from the VIIth to the Xth rib
c) as a rule the lung enters this sinus at a deep inspiration
d) forms as a result of passing costal pleura into the diaphragmatic pleura
e) in case of hydrothorax, hemothorax, chylothorax and pyothorax in this sinus liquid does not cumulate
51. The syntopy of the right pulmonary pediculus from superior to inferior is as follows:
a) ABV
b) BVA
c) BAV
d) VAB
e) VBA
52. The syntopy of the left pulmonary pediculus from superior to inferior is as follows:
a) ABV
b) BVA
c) BAV
d) VAB
e) VBA
53. The syntopy of the left pulmonary pediculus from superior to inferior is as follows:
a) left - VAB
b) right - VAB
c) left - AVB
d) right - VBA
e) right - AVB
54. Which are the pericardiac sinuses:
a) transversal
b) vertical
c) oblique
d) antero-inferior (apycal)
e) anterior
55. Internal thoracic artery is situated between the following structures of the thoracic wall:
a) endothoracic fascia
b) parietal pleura
c) transversal thracic m.
d) internal face of the ribs and of the internal intercostals mm.
e) parapleural tissue
56.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the following statements concerning the topography of the phrenical nerves in the anterior mediastinum are correct:
penetrate into the anterior mediastinum between the subclavian a. and v.
right phrenic n. initially is situated between the lateral wall of the superior vena cava and mediastinal pleura
pass anterior from the pulmonary hilum
pass posterior from the pulmonary hilum
the left nerve passes on the anterior surface of the esophagus, the right - on the posterior surface
57. The azygos vein drains into:
a) inferior vena cava
b) right brachiocephalic vein
c) superior vena cava
d) internal thoracic vein
e) hemyazygos vein
58. Which are the weak points of the diaphragm:
a) esophagian opening
b) aortal opening
c) central tendon
d) sterno-costal triangles
e) lumbo-costal triangles
59. Which are the weak points of the diaphragm:
a) esophagian opening
b) aortal opening
c) central tendon
d) sterno-costal triangles
e) lumbo-costal triangles
60.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The most common source of purulent collections in the mediastinum is:
pretracheal space
neurovascular bundle space of the neck
antescalen space
retrovisceral space
sterno cleido –mastoid space
61.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In case of anterior mediastinal purulences can be propagated in the following areas:
the external intercostal spaces
pleura
central tendon
pericardium
triangles lumbo-costal
62.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In case of posterior mediastinum purulences can be propagated in the following areas:
subpleural cellularspace
Cellular retroperitoneal space
lungs
sterno-costal triangles
pericardium
63.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What cellular spaces of the mediastinum do you know?
prepericardial
aortic hiatus
tendinous center
pretracheal
paraesofagian
64.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Prepericardial Area has the following limits:
above - fascia endotoracică
posterior - thymus and pericardium
previous - costal pleura
posterior - mediastinal pleura
inferior - pleural fascia - Aperture
65.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Pretracheal space has the following limits:
anterior - posterior wall of the thymus and pericardium
posterior - fascia of the trachea and bronchi
right - costal pleura and vena hemiazygos
left aortic arch and its branches
right - mediastinal pleura and Azygos vein
66.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
paraesofagian area communicates with:
cervical retrovisceral space
cervical previsceral space
retroperitoneal space
preperitoneal space
paranefral space
67.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What are the factors that contribute to the purulent spread the mediastinum?
mediastinal cellular spaces are not strictly delimitated
continuous movement of the diaphragm and pleura
well-developed cellular spaces
changing the volume of mediastinal organs
affirmations are wrong
68.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In what direction can be propagated purulences in prepericardial space?
retropharyngeal space
preperitoneal space
paracolon
previsceral cervical space
parapleural cell tissue
69.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What branches of the sympathetic trunk take part in forming the reflex areas of the thoraco-abdominal region?
large and small splanchnic nerve
cardiac thoracic and splachnicus imus nn.
vague nn
phrenic nn.
esophageal and pulmonary branches
70.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Thoracic portion of the vague nn. have the following branches:
bronchial
diaphragmatic
oesophageal
pericardial
mediastinal
71.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What nerve plexus are situated in the heart region?
right and left anterior plexus
the right and left posterior plexus
right and left atrial plexus
right and left ventricular plexus
anterior-inferior plexus
72.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What statements about the thoracic duct are true?
is formed on the Th. 12 - L.1
are formed on the L.2 - L.3
are formed at the merger of two groups of lombar lymph collectors
beginning of the duct has a dilatation
the beginning of the duct has no feature
73.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Plan which separates Upper and Lower mediastinum passes through:
sternal manubrium
bifurcation of the trachea
I thoracic vertebra
aortic arch
xiphoid apophysis
74.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The mammary gland is located between the ribs:
2 rib
3 rib
6 rib
7 rib
5 rib
75.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Locating of the Zorghius lymph node corresponds to:
the outer edge of the sternum
I intercostal space, medioclavicular
anterior edge of the sternocleidomastoid muscle
seratus anterior muscle
under the pectoral pinor muscle
76.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
True ribs are:
the first 4
the last 2
the first 10
the first 7
all are true ribs
77.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Upper chest aperture is limited by:
thoracic vertebrae Th1
cervical vertebra C7
sternal notch of the manumbriului
first rib
clavicle
78.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Muscular portion of the diaphragm is divided into:
vertebral portion
sternal portion
costal portion
lumbar portion
pulmonary portion
79.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Upper lobe of the right lung has the following segments:
apical segment
posterior segment
tmedium segment
lower segment
anterior segment
80. How many lobes has the thymus gland?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
4 lobes
3 lobes
1 lob
2 lobes
6 lobes
81.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Oval fossa is located on:
interventricular septum
early portion of the aorta
interatrial septum
left atrial wall
early portion of the pulmonary trunk
82.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The lower limit of the right lung on the average axillary line corresponds to:
cartilage of the 7 rib
the upper edge of the 11 rib
the lower edge of the 9 rib
6 rib
5 intercostal space
83.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The lower limit of the left lungs on medioclaviculara line corresponds to:
7 rib
5 rib
8 rib
9 rib
6 intercostal space
84.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Right lung is divided into lobes by following fissures:
oblique fissure
transverse fissure
horizontal fissure
lateral fissure
sagittal fissure
85.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Middle mediastinum contains:
Heart
the lower portion of the superior vena cava
the ascending aorta
pulmonary arteries and veins
the esophagus
86.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Atrioventricular node is located in:
wall of the right atrium
wall of the left atrium
the lower portion of the interatrial septum
in the upper portion of the interventricular septum
the wall of the left ventricle
87.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Diaphragmatic triangle Larey:
can be used as surgical access to pulmonary pedicle
can be used for transepigastric puncturing of the pericardium
represent a strong place, corresponds to the tendinous center
is a weak point of the diaphragm
corresponds to the esophageal hiatus
88.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The most common diaphragm hernias have the location in:
lombocostal Bogdalek triangle
sternocostal Larey triangle
hiatus aorticus
hiatus esofageus
central tendon
89.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Puncture of pleural cavity is made between the lines:
anterior axillary
medial axially
posterior axillary
scapular
paravertebral
90.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Vertical level of pleural cavity puncture corresponds to:
V intercostal space
VI intercostal space
VII intercostal space
VIII intercostal space
IX intercostal space
91. As norm,costodiafragmatic sinus:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
containing 20-50 ml pleural fluid
has a depth of 6-8 cm
is occupied entirely by lung at maximum of inspiration
is occupied partialy by the lung even at maximum of inspiration
becomes evident in the accumulation of pathological collections
92.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Intercostal spaces puncture is performed by the absolute rule at the level of:
upper costal margin
margin of intercostal space
lower cost margin
costal angle
aponeurotic intercostal membrane
93.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
According to anatomical particularities, localization od foreign body occurs more often in the:
middle segment of trachea
bifurcation of the trachea
right bronchial
left bronchial
anatomical narrowing of the trachea in the lower third
94.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Cavo-portal anastomosis by v. esophageal and gastric v. gets maximum clinic value:
erosive esophagitis
Acute pancreatitis
fatty liver dystrophy
hepatic cirrhosis
calculous cholecystitis
95.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Separation of mediastinum anterior from posterior is performed by a plan:
sagittal went through the pulmonary trunk origin
frontal went through the pulmonary trunk bifurcation
sagittal went through the tracheal bifurcation
frontal went through tracheal bifurcation
bringing together the origin of the pulmonary trunk with tracheal bifurcation
96.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Select anterior mediastinum elements:
the thoracic aorta side
pulmonary trunk
internal thoracic artery
superior vena cava
hemiazygos v.
97.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Select posterior mediastinum items:
ascending portion of the aorta
aortic arch
hemiazygos vein
thoracic duct
internal thoracic vein
98.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Select anterior mediastinum elements:
diaphragatic nerv
vague nerv
the sympathetic chain
parasternal lymph nodes
prevertebrali lymph nodes
Abdomen
Anterolateral wall of the abdomen
1.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
2.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Resistance of which wall is lowered in case of direct inguinal hernias?
posterior
anterior
superior
inferior
all walls
Congenital inguinal hernia can be:
through sliding
direct
strangulated
oblique
through sliding and direct
3.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What is the cause of congenital inguinal hernia formation?
tension of abdominal press muscle
increase of intra-abdominal pressure
persistent peritoneo-vaginal process
cryptorchidism
inguinal space dilatation
4.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What nerves innervate the inguinal region?
iliohypogastric nerve
ilioinguinal nerve
genitofemural nerve
subcostal nerves
all are correct
5.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What are the structures that form the external orifice of the inguinal canal?
external abdominal oblique muscle and pubic symphysis
internal abdominal oblique muscle and pubic tubercle
splitting of the aponeurosis of external oblique muscle
the reflex ligament from the inguinal ligament
superficial fascia and pubic tubercle
6.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which vessel forms "corona mortis"?
obturator artery
inferior epigastric artery
obturator branch of the inferior epigastric artery
femoral vein
obturator vein
7.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What fossa on the inner surface of the abdominal wall corresponds to the internal orifice of the inguinal canal?
medial inguinal fossa
supravesicular fossa
lateral inguinal fossa
femoral fossa
umbilical fossa
8.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What structure forms the anterior wall of the inguinal canal in patients with hernia?
superficial fascia
external abdominal oblique muscle
transverse abdominal muscle
aponeurosis of the external oblique abdominal muscle
inguinal ligament
9.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What structure forms the posterior wall of the inguinal canal?
transversal fascia
interior margin of external oblique muscle
Jimbernat's ligament
inguinal ligament
iliac bone crest
10.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What structure forms the inferior wall of the inguinal canal?
transversal fascia
interior margin of external oblique muscle
Jimbernat's ligament
inguinal ligament
iliac bone crest
11.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What separates the lateral inguinal fossa from the medial one, on the inner surface of the abdominal wall?
median umbilical fold
medial umbilical fold
lateral umbilical fold
umbilical artery
transverse peritoneal fold
12.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What inguinal fossa is implicated in descending of testicle?
medial
lateral
supravesicular
lateral and medial
lumbar triangle (of Petit)
13.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which nerves passes through the external orifice of the inguinal canal?
iliohypogastric nerve
ilioinguinal and subcostal nerve
ilioinguinal nerve and genital branch of genitofemural nerve
obturator nerve and external spermatic nerve
ilioinguinal nerve and external spermatic nerve
14. Which are the sides of the inguinal triangle?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
inferior-lateral - inguinal ligament
medial - pectineal ligament
medial - lateral margin of rectus abdominis m.
superior - the line that connects the umbilic with anterior superior iliac crest
superior - the line that connects the point between the lateral and medial 1/3 of the inguinal ligament
15.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What represents the inguinal space?
the space between the anterior and posterior wall of the inguinal canal
the space between the superior and inferior wall of the inguinal canal
the space between the anterior and superior wall of the inguinal canal
the space between the posterior and inferior wall of the inguinal canal
the space between the inguinal ligament and the pectineal ligament
16.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The elements of the spermatic cord are all, except:
testicular a.
pampiniform plexus
deferent duct
the artery of deferent duct
genital branch of genitofemural nerve
17.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the following statements concerning the process of descending the testicle are correct:
the testicle begins to descend under the action of gubernaculums testis, starting with the 4th month of intrauterine development
in the 7th month the testicle can be found at the level of future internal inguinal orifice
initially it can be found in the lombar region near the primary kigney
in the 9th month it descends in the scrotum
in the 7th month descends in the scrotum
18.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The walls of the inguinal canal in people with hernia are:
anterior - aponeurosis of external oblique abdominal m.
superior - free margins of the internal oblique abdominal and transvers abdominal mm.
inferior -inguinal ligament
posterior - aponeurosis of internal oblique abdominal m.
posterior - transvers fascia
19.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the following statements are wrong?
the inguinal canal is a weak point of the antero-lateral wall of the abdomen
direct inguinal hernia prolabates through lateral fossa
hernial sac in oblique inguinal hernia can be found in the spermatic cord
hernial sac in direct inguinal hernia can descend in the scrotum (inguino-scrotal hernia)
congenital inguinal hernia is oblique
20.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What represents the anterior wall of the inguinal canal in patients without hernias (healthy):
aponeurosis of internal oblique abdominal m.
aponeurosis of external oblique abdominal m.
fibers of the transvers abdominal m.
fibers of cremaster m.
fibers of internal oblique abdominal m.
21.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What anatomical structures consolidate the floor of the inguinal space (transverse fascia):
falx aponeurotica inguinalis
falx aponeurotica femoralis
fibers of m. cremaster
lig. Interfoveolare
fibers of transvers abdominal m.
22.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Common vaginal sheath of the testicle and spermatic cord is formed as a result of:
spermatic cord penetration through the transverse fascia
descend of the testicle
infundibular prolabation of the transvers fascia by the spermatic cord
prolabation of the parietal peritoneum
all answers are true
23.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What is the lateral limit of the antero-lateral wall of the abdomen:
a line that represents the continuation of the anterior axillary line below
a line connecting the middle of the XIIth rib with the anterior superior iliac spina
a continuation of the medial axillary line below - Lesgaft line
left and right paravertebral lines
a line that represents a continuation of the posterior axillary line below
24.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What structures define from the superior and inferior the anterolateral region of abdominal wall:
a line passing through the upper edge of the pubis, inguinal ligament and iliac crest
a line that connects the anterior iliac spine with the umbilic
a line perpendicular from the anterior-superior ileacă spina to the lateral margin of the rectus abdominal m.
a line which passes through the xiphoid process and costal margin
a line which passes through the XIth rib
25. Which nerves innervate the skin from the hipogastric region of the anterolateral wall of the abdomen
a) intercostal nn. V-VIII
b) intercostal nn. IX - XI
c)
d)
e)
intercostal nn. XII (n. subcostalis)
ileohypogastric n.
ileoinguinal n.
26.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which nerves innervate the skin from the mezogastric region?
intercostal nn. X - XI
intercostal nn. IX
intercostal XII nn. (n. subcostalis)
ileohypogastric n.
ileoinguinal n.
27.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which nerves innervate the skin from the epigastric region:
n. iliohypogastric
n. intercostal X - XI
n. intercostal XII (n. subcostalis)
nn. intercostal VI - IX
n. ileoinguinal
28.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which subcutaneous veins take part at formation of cavo-caval anastomosis around the umbilic:
thoracoepigastric v.
paraombilical vv.
inferior epigastric v.
superficial epigastric v.
superior epigastric v.
29.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which subcutaneous veins take part at formation of porto-caval anastomosis around the umbilic:
superficial epigastric v.
paraombilical vv.
epigastric inferioar v.
thoracoepigastric v.
epigastric superior v.
30.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which anatomical structures define the internal femoral orifice:
medial - lacunar ligament (Gimbernati)
lateral - femoral a.
lateral - fascial sheath of femoral vein
anterior and superior - inguinal ligament (Poupart)
posterior and inferior - pectineal ligament (Cooperi)
31.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
List the layers at the level of umbilical ring:
skin
subcutaneous fatty tissue
cicatriceal tissue
ombilical fascia
parietal peritoneum
32.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Where are situated the main trunks of the intercostal arteries on the anterior-lateral abdominal wall:
between the internal oblique and transverse abdominal mm.
between the external and internal oblique abdominal mm.
between the aponeurotic laminas of the external and internal oblique abdominal mm.
between the subcutaneous fatty tissue and the external oblique abdominal m.
into the fascial sheath of the rectus abdominis mm.
33.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Where is situated the inferior epigastric artery at the level of hypogastrium?
between the internal oblique and transverse abdominal mm.
between the transverse muscle and the peritoneum
between the transverse fascia and parietal peritoneum (in the preperitoneal tissue)
between the aponeurosis of external and internal oblique abdominal mm.
in the subcutaneous fatty tissue
34.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In the thickness of which umbilical fold is situated the inferior epigastric artery:
medial umbilical fold
median umbilical fold
transverse vesical fold
lateral umbilical fold
inferior epigastric fold
35.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the following statements are correct?
deep lamina of the superficial fascia of the antero-lateral wall of the abdomen in the hypogastrium region - fascia Thompson
superficial lamina of the superficial fascia of the antero-lateral wall of the abdomen in the hypogastrium region - fascia Thompson
in case of portal hypertension syndrom the superficial venous network around the umbilic expand, which is called "caput medusae"
the round ligament of the liver forms as a result of obliteration of the umbilical vein in the postnatal period
umbilical hernias more frequent prolabate through the superior semicircumference of the umbilical canal
36.
a)
b)
c)
d)
In the surgical treatment of which type of hernia "corona mortis" can be injured:
oblique inguinal hernia
strangulated direct inguinal hernia
strangulated femoral hernia
obturator hernia
e)
strangulated oblique inguinal hernia
37.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The connection between the portal vein and the veins of the abdominal wall is done through:
paraombilical vv.
testicular v.
inferior epigastric v.
superior epigastric v.
intercostal v.
38.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which muscles form the anterolateral abdominal wall?
rectus abdominis and pyramidal mm.
transvers abdominal mm.
external oblique mm.
internal oblique mm.
iliopsoas m.
39.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
From which artery start the superficial epigastric artery?
femural a.
extern iliac a.
intern a. iliac
profunda femoris a.
obturator a.
40.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Vascularization of the antero-lateral abdominal wall is insured by:
superficial epigastric a., inferior epigastric a.
superior epigastric a., intercostal aa.
left gastric a., external pudend a.
internal pudend a., extern iliac a.
lumbal aa.
41.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Inferior epigastric artery starts from:
femoral a.
internal iliac a.
external iliac a.
obturator a.
a. profunda femoris
42.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The preperitoneal tissue immediately communicates with:
parametral tissue
prevezical tissue
paranephral tissue
retroperitoneum
pararectal
43.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which structure covers the rectus abdominis muscle from posterior below the Duglas's arcuate line?
parietal peritoneum
parietal peritoneum and aponeurosis of transvers m.
transversal fascia
parietal pelvic fascia
aponeurosis of transversal m.
44.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The anterior fascial sheath of the rectus abdominis muscle superior from the arcuat line of Douglas is formed by:
aponeurosis of transversal abdominal m.
aponeurosis of external oblique abdominal m.
transversal fascia
anterior lamina of the aponeurosis of internal oblique abdominal m.
aponeurosis of internal oblique abdominal m
45.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The anterior wall of the fascial sheath of the rectus abdominis muscle below the arcuat line of Douglas is formed by:
aponeurosis of transversal abdominal m.
aponeurosis of external oblique abdominal m.
transversal fascia
anterior lamina of the aponeurosis of internal oblique abdominal m.
aponeurosis of internal oblique abdominal m.
46.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The posterior wall of the fascial sheath of the rectus abdominis muscle superior from the arcuat line of Douglas is formed by:
aponeurosis of transversal abdominal m.
aponeurosis of external oblique abdominal m.
transversal fascia
posterior lamina of the aponeurosis of internal oblique abdominal m.
aponeurosis of internal oblique abdominal m.
47.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What represents the arcuate line of Douglas:
the limit of passing from anterior to posterior of the external oblique abdominal muscle's aponeurosis
the limit of passing from anterior to posterior of the transversal abdominal muscle's aponeurosis
the limit of passing from posterior to anterior of the transversal abdominal muscle's aponeurosis
the limit of passing from posterior to anterior of the posterior lamina of internal oblique abdominal muscle's aponeurosis
the limit of passing from posterior to anterior of the transversal fascia
48.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The superior and inferior epigastric arteries are situated:
between the internal and external oblique abdominal mm.
in the subcutaneous fatty tissue
posterior from the rectus abdominis m.
into the sheath of the rectus abdominis m.
between the internal oblique and the transversal abdominal mm.
49.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The superficial arteries in the hypogastrium region:
superficial epigastric a.
superior epigastric a.
superficial circumflex iliac a.
inferior epigastric a.
external pudend aa.
50.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What represents the semilunar line of Spigel?
the limit of passing the internal oblique abdominal m. into his aponeurosis
the limit of passing the external oblique abdominal m. into his aponeurosis
the limit of passing the mezogastric region into hypogastric region
a line situated 2-3 cm below the umbilic
the limit of passing the transversal abdominal m. into his aponeurosis
51.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the following statements concerning the umbilical ring are correct:
is a weak point of the antero-lateral wall of the abdomen
in the intrauterine period through the inferior 1/2 of the ring passes the urahus and two umbilical aa.
is a region where the subcutaneous fatty tissue and the preperitoneal tissue is absent
in the intrauterine period through the superior 1/2 of the ring passes the umbilical a.
stratigraphycally has 6 lalyers
52.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In how many anatomo-topographical regions is devided the antero-lateral wall of the abdomen:
6
8
9
4
10
53.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The lower limit of the anterolateral abdominal wall passes through:
the upper edge of the pubic symphysis
iliac crest
arcuate line of Douglas
the inguinal ligament
Spigelia semilunar line
Peritoneal cavity
1.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which veins form the portal vein of liver?
vv. gastrica sinistra and mesenterica superior
vv. mesenterica inferior and renalis
vv. mesenterica inferior, testicular (ovarian) sinistra
vv. mesenterica superioris, inferioris and lienalis
vv. renalis and mesenterica superior
2.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Where is situated the portal vein of the liver?
in the bursa omentalis
initially in retroperitoneal space, posterior from the head of pancreas
in front of the head of pancreas
between the laminas of hepatoduodenal ligament
behind the stomach
3.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which part of the duodenum crosses the portal vein of the liver:
superior
descending
inferior horizontal
ascending
does not pass behind the duodenum
4.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
How is situated the common bile duct with regard to portal vein of the liver:
in front
behind
to the right
to the left
above
5.
a)
b)
Left from the portal vein passes:
right gastroepiploic artery
left gastroepiploic artery
c)
d)
e)
left gastric artery
hepatic proper artery
hepatic common artery
6.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The hepatoduodenal ligament starts from?
from the left hepatic lobe
from the right hepatic lobe
from the quadrate lobe
from the hepatic hilum
from the caudate lobe of the liver
7.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The content of the hepatoduodenal ligament is:
a. hepatica comunis, bile duct, a. lienalis
choledoc duct, v. porta, a. hepatica propria
a. gastrica sinistra, vv. hepatica, bile duct
a. hepatica comunis, a. gastrica dextra, a. lienalis
v. porta, a. lienalis, bile duct
8.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which structures contribute to the formation of the hepatoduodenal ligament?
fascia endoabdominalis and transversus
parietal peritoneum
two sheaths of the visceral peritoneum from the lesser omentum
transversal fascia and aponeurosis of transverse abdominal muscle
transversal fascia and visceral peritoneum
9.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which part of the omental foramen does hepatoduodenal ligament forms?
anterior
posterior
superior
inferior
medial
10.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Lesser omentum is supplied with blood by:
a. hepatica propria, a.lienalis
a. lienalis, aa.gastrici brevis
a. hepatica propria, a. colica media
a. hepatica propria, a.gastroduodenalis
a. gastrica sinistra, a. gastrica dextra, a. hepatica propria
11.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
A. gastrica sinistra originates from:
a. mesenterica superior
a. mesenterica inferior
truncus arteriosus celiacus
a. lienalis
a. hepatica comunis
12.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
A. gastrica dextra originates from:
truncus celiacus
a. hepatica comunis
a. hepatica propria
a. lienalis
abdominal aorta
13.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Where is situated the main trunk of the left gastric artery:
hepatogastricum ligament
phrenicocolicum ligament
phrenicogastric ligament
gastrocolicum ligament
hepatoduodenal ligament
14.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Lesser omentum is formed by the following ligaments:
gastrocolic, hepatogastric, gastrolienal
gastrolienal, inghinal, lacunar
hepatoduodenal, hepatogastric, phrenicogastric
hepatogastric, gastropancreatic
gastrolienal, pectinal
15.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Hepatoduodenal ligament goes to?
Descending part of duodenum
Ascending part of duodenum
Superior part of duodenum
Lesser curvature of the stomach
Omental bursa
16.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Hepatoduodenal ligament is part of:
greater omentum
small omentum
gastro-pancreatic lig.
duodenorenal ligament
e)
hepatogastric ligament
17.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which structures delimitate the omental foramen?
Inferiorly – duodenum
Superiorly – hepatic caudate lobe
Anteriorly – hepatoduodenal ligament
Posteriorly – parietal peritoneum which covers inferior vena cava
Laterally – stomach
18.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Between the laminas of the hepatogastric ligament are situated the following structures:
artera gastrica sinistra
artera hepatica propria
artera gastrica dextra
v. coronaria ventriculi
vena lienalis
19.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Posterior wall of the omental bursa is formed by:
spleen
left hepatic lobe
parietal peritoneum which covers the pancreas, aorta, inferior vena cava and left kidney
visceral peritoneum
hepatic caudate lobe
20.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What structures form the superior wall of the omental bursa?
Diaphragm
Inferior surface of the caudate lobe
Posterior wall of the stomach
Posterior part of the left hepatic lobe
Inferior part of the duodenum
21.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Right gastroepiploic artery originates from:
Lienal artery
Superior mesenteric artery
Gastroduodenal artery
Inferior mesenteric artery
Left gastric artery
22.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What is the relationship between the stomach and peritoneum?
Retroperitoneal
Intraperitoneal
Mesoperitoneal
Posterior wall is retroperitoneal
Anterior wall is mesoperitoneal
23.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Abdominal portion of the esophagus can be situated:
Retroperitoneal
Intraperitoneal
Mesoperitoneal
In posterior mediastinum
In anterior mediastinum
24.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Portal vein of liver is situated in:
Hepatogastric ligament
Gastropancreatic ligament
Hepatoduodenal ligament
Gastrocolic ligament
Gastrolienal ligament
25.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In hepatoduodenal ligament are localized the following ducts:
Left and right hepatic ducts
Cystic duct
Bile duct
Pancreatic duct
Accessory pancreatic duct
26.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Blood drainages from the liver to:
V. cava inferior
V. cava superior
V. lienalis
V. mesenterica superior
V. gastrica dextra
27.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What is the relationship of the gallbladder with peritoneum?
Intraperitoneal
Retroperitoneal
Mesoperitoneal
In peritoneal cavity
Posterior to the peritoneum
28.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Veins of the esophagus flow into:
Portal v.
azygos, hemiazygos vv.
V. gastrica sinistra
V. cava inferior
V. mezenterica superior
29.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Where is situated the motor branch of vagus, the nerve of Latarget?
Near the greater curvature of stomach
In the lesser omentum parallel to lesser curvature of stomach
Near the fundus of stomach
Along the duodenum
Along the gastrolienal ligament
30.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
A. gastroepiploica sinistra originates from:
a. gastrica sinistra
a. gastrica dextra
a. lienalis
a. mezenterica superior
a. hepatica propria
31.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Blood supply of the greater curvature of stomach is provided by:
a. mesenterica superior
a. gastroepiploica dextra
a. lienalis
a. gastroepiploica sinistra
short gastric arteries
32.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which nerves go along with the abdominal portion of the esophagus?
splanhnic nn.
n. diafragmalis
laryngeal recurrent nn.
anterior and posterior vagus trunks
Inferior intercostal nerves
33.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Anterior wall of the omental bursa is composed by:
Lesser omentum and spline
Lesser omentum and spline, stomach, lobuus caudatus of liver
Hepatogastric ligament, anterior gastric wall
Right hepatic lobe, lesser omentum
Lesser omentum, posterior gastric wall and gastrocolic ligament
34.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Omental foramen forms a communication between:
Superior and inferior “storeys” of abdominal cavity
Abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal space
Subhepatic recess and omental bursa
Abdominal cavity and the cavity of small (true) pelvis
Abdominal cavity and posterior mediastinum
35.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Common hepatic duct is formed through joining of:
Cystic and left hepatic ducts
Cystic and right hepatic ducts
Right and left hepatic ducts
Left hepatic and bile ducts
Bile duct and pancreatic ducts
36.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Bile duct is formed by joining:
Cystic and common hepatic ducts
Cystic and right hepatic ducts
Right and left hepatic ducts
Left hepatic and coledochus ducts
Coledochus and pancreatic ducts
37.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Gallbladder is situated on the following surface of the liver:
Posterior
Anterior
Diaphragmal
Visceral
Medial
38.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Cyctic artery begins from?
Common hepatic artery
Proper hepatic artery
Lienal artery
Right hepatic artery
Left gastric artery
39.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Boundaries of the Buddle triangle are:
Superior-liver
Inferior-cystic duct
Medial-common hepatic duct
Superior-right hepatic artery
Medial-bile duct
40.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Superior storey (level) of abdomen is delimited from inferior storey (level) by:
Lesser omentum
Greater omentum
Transverse colon
Root of transverse colon mesenterium
Small intestine
41.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The following parts of duodenum are situated retroperitoneal:
Superior part
Descending part
Inferior horizontal part
Ascending part
whole duodenum
42.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Bile duct drains into:
Small intestine
Hepatopancreatic ampulla
Descending part of duodenum
Transverse colon
Superior part of duodenum
43.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The relationship between the spleen and the peritoneum is:
retroperitoneal
intraperitoneal
it is not covered by peritoneum
mesoperitoneal
partially covered by peritoneum
44.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Pancreas is situated:
In hepatic bursa
In the inferior floor of the peritoneal cavity
In retroperitoneal space
In duodenojejunal recess
Into the cavity of omental bursa
45.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Pancreatic duct opens into:
Horizontal inferior portion of the duodenum
Descending portion of the duodenum
On the greater duodenal papilla
Hepatopancreatic ampulla
Omental bursa
46.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Hepatopancreatică ampulla opens into:
the lower horizontal portion of the duodenum
descending duodenum
the superior horizontal portion of the duodenum
pancreatic duct
omental bursa
47.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Hepatic bursa is limited by:
posterior - right coronary lig.
right - falciform lig
left -falciform lig.
superior - diaphragm
inferior - right lobe of the liver
48.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What represents the right subdiaphragmatic space?
the lowest point of subhepatic recess
the lowest point of the hepatic bursa
is situated posterior from the superior surface of the right lobe of the liver
can serve as a site of accumulation of pathologic liquids
does not have any practical importance
49.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Limits of pregastric bursa:
posterior - lesser omentum and anterior wall of the stomach
superior - diaphragm
anterior - antero-lateral abdominal wall
superior - hepatic hilum
inferior communicates freely with the preepiploic space
50. What are the limits of prepyloric space
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
posterior - the greater omentum
anterior - visceral peritoneum
anterior - anterolateral abdominal wall
posterior - small omentum
inferior - communicate freely with inframesocolic floor
51.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the following statements concerning about bursa omentalis are correct?
is situated posterior from the stomach and lesser omentum
serves as a way of access to the pancreas
serves as space of accumulating the exudates in pancreatites or of the gastric contents in gastric perforations
has three recesses - inferior, superior and left
none of the answers are correct
52.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What are the limits of the Callot's triangle:
left - proper hepatic a.
right - common biliar hepatic duct
left - common hepatic biliar duct
inferior-lateral - ductus cysticus
at the base - a. cistica or right hepatic a.
53.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The bile duct (choledoch) has the following portions:
hillar
supraduodenal
retroduodenal
pancreatic
intramural
54.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In case of cancer of pancreatic head first is compressed the following portion of the bile duct:
hilar
supraduodenal
retroduodenal
pancreatic
intramural
55.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Enumerate the superficiale ligaments of the stomach:
lig. hepatogastric
lig. gastropancreatic
lig. phrenicogastric
lig. gastrocolic
lig. gastrolienal
56.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Enumerate the deep ligaments of the stomach:
lig. hepatogastric
lig. gastrocolic
left gastropancreatic lig.
lig. gastrolienal
right gastropancreatic lig.
57.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which veins participate at formation of porto-caval anastomosis at the level of abdominal esophagus:
inferior diaphragmatic vein
medial diaphragmatic vein
left gastric vein
right gastric vein
esophagean veins
58.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which are the branches of the celiac trunk?
left gastric a.
right gastric a.
common hepatic a.
proper hepatic a.
lienal a.
59.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the following statements concerning the Letarje nerve are correct:
is a long branch of the vagus nerve
is a branch that innervate cardia portion of the stomach
is a branch that innervate the antral and pyloric portion of the stomach
passes on lesser curvature of the stomachbetween sheets of hepatogastric ligament
passes between the laminas of phrenicogastric ligament
60.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which vessels start from the lienal artery?
a. gastrica sinistra
a. gastrica dextra
a. gastroepiploica sinistra
aa. gastrici brevis
a. hepatica propria and gastroepiploica dextra
61.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The route of the lienal artery is:
along the posterior margin of the pancreas
along the inferior margin of the pancreas
along the superior margin of the pancreas
through the pancreatic parenchyma
it has no attachment with the pancreas
62.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Right mesenteric sinus is bounded by:
Mesentery of sigmoid colon
superior - transverse colon and its mesocolon
from the right - ascending colon
medial - descendent colon
from the left and inferior –the mesentery of small intestine
63.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What parts of the large bowel are located intraperitoneally?
cecum
ascending colon
appendix, transverse and sigmoid colon, supra ampullary portion of rectum
descending colon
ampullary portion of the rectum
64.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What parts of the large bowel are located mezoperitoneal?
cecum
ascending colon
appendix, transverse and sigmoid colon
descending colon
ampullary portion of the rectum
65.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the following statements concerning the small bowel are wrong?
is situated mesoperitoneal
is situated intraperitoneal
receives blood supply from superior mesenteric a.
receives blood supply from the inferior mesenteric a.
ileal aa. and jejunal aa. start from the left semicircumference of the superior mesenteric a.
66.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The righ portion of the large intestine receives blood supply from the following branches:
lienal a.
gastroepiploic aa.
inferior mesenteric a.
superioare mesenteric a.
appendycular a.
67.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Predict routes for pus spreading in perforating appendicitis:
omental bursa
duodenojejunal recessus of Treitz
subdiaphragmal space
pregastric bursa
cavity of pelvis
68.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What veins join the portal vein of liver with inferior cava vein?
left gastric vein, esophageal veins, azygos and hemiazygos
superior rectal vein, medial rectal veins, and internal iliac vein
paraumbilical veins, inferior epigastric vein, external iliac vein
superior epigastric vein and internal thoracic vein
all are incorrect
69.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Appendicular artery passes:
retroperitoneal
within small intestine mesenterium
within appendicular mesenterium
on the posterior surface of the cecum
between cecum bands
70. The appendicular artery is a branch of:
a) right colic a.
b) ileocolic a.
c) a. colica media
d) ileal a.
e) extern ileac a.
71.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What nerves form celiac plexus?
greater and lasser splanchnic nerves
vagus and phrenic nerves
hepatic plexus
lumbar plexus
intercostal and subcostal nerves
72.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the following statements concerning the right lateral canal are correct?
from the right is limited by the antero-lateral wall of the abdomen
from the left is limited by ascendent colon
superior communicates with the subhepatic bursa and right hepatic bursa
inferior communicates with the right iliac fossa and cavity of the pelvis
is situated more medial from the ascendent colon
73.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the following statements refer to the topography of the left lateral canal?
from the left is limited by the antero-lateral wall of the abdomen
from the right is limited by ascendent and sigmoid colon
superior from the phrenicocolic lig.
inferior communicates with the cavity of the pelvis
inferior does not communicate with the cavity of the pelvis
74.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the following recesses are situated in the ileocecal flexure of the intestine?
subhepatic
ileocecal superior
ileocecal inferior
retroappendicular
retrocecal
75.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Branches of which artery supplies with blood the left half of the colon?
superior mesenteric a.
inferioară mesenteric a.
coeliac trunk
lombar aa.
renal aa.
76.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The Riolani arcade is formed by the anastomosis of the following arteries:
a. colica media and right colic a.
a. ileocolica and right colic a.
a. colica media and left colic a.
left colic a. and sigmoid aa.
a. colica media and ileocolic a.
77.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The critical segments in the colon vascularisation are:
incipient portion of the jejunum
terminal ileon and iliocecal flexure (Trave)
lienal flexure of the colon (Griffiths)
hepatic flexure of the colon
rectosigmoid portion of the colon (Zudeck)
78.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
List superior mesenteric a branches:
ileocolic a.
right colic a.
left colic a.
sigmoid aa.
a. colica media
79.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Peritoneum covers the liver in all parts except:
Superior part
Posterior part
Inferior part
Anterior part
none is correct
80.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
How many segments are distinguished in the duodenum?
2
4
5
3
7
81.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Projection point of the appendix is:
Moris Chimmel
McBurney
Douglas
Sonnemburg
Lanz
82.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Sphincter of Oddi is composed of:
2 portions
4 portions
1 portion
3 portions
e)
none is correct
83.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Littre hernia represents:
vermicular Appendix
the intestinal wall
Mekeldiverticulum
omentum
large bowel
84.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Scheletotopic left kidney is projected at:
vertebrae 11 to 12 Th
vertebrae 10 to 11 Th
vertebrae 1-2 L
vertebrae, 12 Th and first L
vertebrae 2-3 L
Spinal region, lumbar region and retroperitoneal space
Spinal region
1.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Indicate the physiological curves of the vertebral column directed anterior in sagittal plane:
Cervical curvature – lordosis
Thoracic curvature – lordosis
Lumbar curvature – chiphosis
Sacral curvature – chiphosis
Lumbar curvature – lordosis
2.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which ligaments fix the vertebral bodies along the vertebral column?
Interspinal ligaments of vertebrae
Anterior longitudinal ligament
Posterior longitudinal ligament
Ligamenta flava
Transversal ligaments
3.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Determine the right sequence (order) of the medulla’s sheaths:
Pia matter, arachnoid, dura matter
Dura matter, arachnoid, pia matter
Arachnoid, dura matter, pia matter
Arachnoid, pia matter, dura matter
Dura matter, pia matter, arachnoid
4.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Determine which of the following represents kyphosis:
Curvature of the vertebral column segment with posterior convexity
Curvature of the vertebral column with anterior convexity
Curvature of the vertebral column with lateral convexity
Curvature of the vertebral column with medial convexity
Vertebral column without curvatures
5.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Determine which of the following statements represents scoliosis?
Curvature of the vertebral column with posterior convexity
Curvature of the vertebral column with anterior convexity
Curvature of the vertebral column with lateral convexity
Curvature of the vertebral column with medial convexity
Vertebral column without curvatures
6.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Determine which of the following statements represents lordosis?
Curvature of the vertebral column with convexity posteriourly
Curvature of the vertebral column with convexity anteriourly
Curvature of the vertebral column with convexity lateraly
Curvature of the vertebral column with convexity medialy
Vertebral column without curvatures
7.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Indicate the incorrect determination of the vertebral column’s curvatures
Cervical curvature with the convexity in anterior - lordosis
Thoracic curvature with the convexity in posterior - kyphosis
Lumbar curvature with the convexity in anterior - kyphosis
Sacral curvature with the convexity in posterior - lordosis
Lumbar curvature with the convexity in anterior - lordosis
8.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which arteries participate in the supply of cervical vertebras?
vertebral arteries
ascending cervical arteries
deep cervical arteries
external carotid artery
internal carotid artery
9.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which arteries participate in the supply of thoracic vertebras?
Inferior epigastric arteries
Superior intercostal arteries
Intercostal arteries
Transverse arteries of the neck
Superficial cervical arteries
10.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which arteries participate in the supply of lumbar and sacral vertebras:
lombar aa.
lateral sacral aa.
median sacral a.
superior rectal a.
inferior rectal a.
11.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
At what intervertebral level can be done the lumbar puncture in adults?
Between spinous processes of Th11-12 vertebras
Between spinous processes of Th12-11 vertebras
Between spinous processes of L1-2 vertebras
Between spinous processes of T2-3 vertebras
Between spinous processes of L4-5 vertebras or L4-5
12.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
At what level can be done the lumbar puncture in children?
Between spinous processes of Th12 - L1 vertebras
Between spinous processes of L1-2 vertebras
Between spinous processes of L2-3 vertebras
Between spinous processes of L3-4 vertebras
Between spinous processes of L4-5 vertebras
13.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Where is situated the spinal epidural space?
between spinal dura mater and spinal arachnoid
between the wall of vertebral canal and spinal dura mater
between arachnoid and spinal pia mater
under dura mater
under pia mater
14.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Where is situated the spinal subdural space?
under pia mater
under the arachnoid membrane
between dura mater and the arachnoid membrane
between dura mater and the wall of vertebral canal
between the arachnoid membrane and pia mater
15.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Where is situated the spinal subarachnoid space?
under pia mater
under the arachnoid
between dura mater and the arachnoid membrane
between dura mater and the wall of vertebral canal
between the arachnoid membrane and pia mater
16.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
How many pairs of spinal nerves with the origin in the spinal cord we can distinguish:
C - 7, Th - 12, L - 5, S - 5, Co - 1 = 30 pairs
C - 8, Th - 12,L - 5, S - 5, Co - 1 = 31 pairs
C - 8, Th - 12, L - 5, S - 5, Co - 2 = 32 pairs
C - 9, Th - 13, L - 6, S - 4, Co - 1 = 33 pairs
C - 10, Th - 12, L - 5, S - 5, Co - 3 = 35 pairs
17.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Indicate the correct answer:
imaginary line that connects both angles of the scapula corresponding to spinous apophysis Th.VII
imaginary line that connects both scapula angles corresponding to spinous apophysis Th.V
imaginary horizontal line passing through the spina scapulae corresponds Th. III
the imaginary line connecting both iliac crest corresponds L. IV - LV
imaginary line connecting both iliac crest corresponds L. III - L.IV
18. What layers are traversed with a needle for the extraction of cerebrospinal fluid?
a) skin and subcutaneus fat tissue
b) ligaments: supraspinal, interspinous and yellow
c)
d)
e)
dura mater and arachnoid
dura mater and pia mater
ligaments: supraspinal, intertransversal and yellow
19.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The epidural space contains:
cellular tissue
arteries
venous plexus
fascia
cerebrospinal fluid
20.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Where is the subdural space situated?
under the pia mater
under arachnoid
between the dura mater and arachnoid
between the dura mater and periosteum spinal canal
between the arachnoid and pia mater
21.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In what space is the cerebrospinal fluid situated?
epidural
subdural
subarachnoid
between dura mater foils
none is correct
22.
Which statement are correct?
the average diameter of the spinal canal is 2.5 cm2
lumbar region of spinal canal has a diameter of 3.5 cm2
cervical regin of spinal canal has a diameter of 2.9 cm2
lumbar region of spinal canal has a diameter of 2.5 cm2
the average diameter of the spinal canal is 3.5 cm2
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
23. What is the relationship between the output of the roots from the spinal cord and spinal nerves from the spinal canal in the cervical
region?
a) upper cervical region - roots have a horizontal direction
b) upper cervical region - roots have a diagonally direction
c) inferior neck region and upper chest regions - nervous segments are located by own vertebrae above the the output level
d) inferior neck region and upper chest regions - nervous segments are located above two vertebe to output level
e) inferior neck region and upper chest regions - nervous segments corresponding to vertebrae
24. What is the relationship between the output of the roots from the spinal cord and spinal nerves from spinal canal in the thoracic and
lumbar region?
a) medial thoracic region - nervous segments are located two vertebrae above the output to
b) inferior thoracic region - nervous segments are located two vertebrae above the output to
c) inferior thoracic regions – nervous segments are located three vertebrae above
d) output level of lumbar nervous segments is Th. X, XI and partially Th. XII
e) output level of lumbar nervous segments is LI, II and III
25.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The link between the sympathetic trunk and spinal nerves is done by?
meningiene branches
postganglionic branches
communicating branches
preganglionic branches
spinal ganglia
26.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Mark the correct statements:
Adamchevici artery supply practically two thirds lower of the spinal cord
Adamchevici artery enters in 75% of cases from the left
Adamchevici artery enters in 25% of cases from the left
Adamchevici artery have a diameter of approximately 2 mm
Adamchevici artery has a diameter about 8 mm
Lumbar region
1.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Boundaries of lumbar region:
Superior – XIIth rib
Inferior – iliac crests and sacrum
Medial – paravertebral line
Medial – vertical line vertical line passing on the spinous processes of lumbar vertebras
Lateral – vertical line passing as a continuation of the middle axilary line towards the iliac crest
2.
a)
Which muscles are situated in the medial portion of the lumbar region?
m. psoas
b)
c)
d)
e)
m. erector spinae
m. quadratus lumborum
internal oblique abdominal m.
external oblique abdominal m.
3.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which muscles are situated in the lateral portion of the lumbar region?
transversal abdominal m.
internal oblique abdominal m.
external oblique abdominal m.
psoas m.
quadratus lumborum m.
4.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Dedublation of the aponeurosis of which muscle forms the sheath of sacrospinal (erector spinae) muscle?
fascia thoracolumbalis
external oblique abdominal m.
internal oblique abdominal m.
transversal abdominal m.
trapezius m.
5.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Sides of inferior lumbar triangle of Petit:
edge of latissimus dorsi muscle
edge of external oblique abdominal muscle
edge of internal oblique abdominal muscle
iliac crest
transverse abdominal muscle
6.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The floor of lumbar triangle of Petit:
m. latissimus dorsi
external oblique abdominal m
internal oblique abdominal m.
iliac crest
transverse abdominal muscle
7.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Between the limits and the floor of the lumbar triangle of Petit passes:
lombar a.
subcostal neurovascular bundle
iliohypogastric n.
ilioinghinal n.
no vessels, no nerves
8.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Sides of superior lombar triangle (or rhombus) of Lesgaft-Grynfeldt:
serratus posterior inferior muscle
and XII rib
internal oblique abdominal muscle
erector spinae muscle
aponeurosis of transverse abdominal muscle
9.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What is the bottom of superior lumbar triangle (or rhombus) of Lesgaft-Grynfeldt:
serratus posterior inferior muscle
and XII rib
internal oblique abdominal muscle
erector spinae muscle
aponeurosis of transverse abdominal muscle
10.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The lumbar space of Lesghaft-Grynfelt is situated under:
m. serratus posterior inferior
m. trapezius
internal oblique abdominal muscle
m. erector spinae
m. latissimus dorsi
11.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The floor of the lumbar space of Lesghaft-Grynfelt is pierced by:
subcostal neurovascular bundle
XIIth rib
iliohypogastric n.
lumbar a.
m. psoas minor
12.
a)
b)
c)
The triangle of Petit and the lumbar space of Lesghaft-Grynfelt have clinical importance because:
they are weak points and here can form lumbar hernias
can serve as a miniinvasive gateway (endoscopic)
place of draining the inflammation processes from the retroperitoneal space
d)
e)
serve as extern landmarks
can be easily determined anatomically, but do not have clinical importance
13.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Lombocostal ligament is made on based of which anatomical structures:
transverse abdominal muscle aponeurosis
lombodorsal fascia
fascia propria
fascia quadrata
none is correct
14.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What nerves pass between quadratus lumborum muscle and fascia that covers it from anterior:
subcostal n
iliohipogastric n
ilioinguinal n
femoral n
sciatic n
Retroperitoneal space
1.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The limits of the retroperitoneal space are:
posterior -endoabdominal fascia
posterior -retroperitoneal fascia
anterior -retroperitoneal fascia
anterior -posterior lamina of parietal peritoneum
anterior - prerenal fascia
2.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In the retroperitoneal space we can find the following fascias:
fascia retroperitonealis
fascia prerenalis
fascia retrorenalis
fascia retrocolica (Toldti)
fascia endoretroperitonealis
3.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The proper retroperitoneal fatty tissue space is limited by:
fascia endoabdominalis (transversa)
fascia retrorenalis
fascia prerenalis
fascia retroperitonealis
parietal peritoneum
4.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The paranefral fatty tissue space is limited by:
fascia endoabdominalis
fascia retrorenalis
fascia prerenalis
fascia retroperitonealis
parietal peritoneum
5.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The paracolon fatty tissue space is limited by:
fascia endoabdominalis
fascia retrorenalis
fascia prerenalis
fascia retroperitonealis
fascia retrocolica (Toldti) and parietal peritoneum
6.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What anatomical structures are situated in paranephral celluloadipose space?
branches of the lumbar plexus
Sympathetic neural trunk
lymph nodes
celiac plexus
superior mesenterial plexus
7.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What anatomical structures are situated in paranephral celluloadipose space?
kidneys and renal pedicles
adrenal gland
the abdominal aorta
inferior vena cava
portal vein
8.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What anatomical structures are situated in paracolonic celluloadipose space?
ureter
doudenum, descendent portion and inferior horizontal
pancreas
suprarenal gland
aorta and inferior vena cava
9.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Fascial sheath for the suprarenal gland is formed by:
fascia endoabdominalis
fascia retrorenalis
fascia prerenalis
fascia retroperitonealis
fascia retrocolica
10.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Possible routs of pus and hematomas spreading from proper retroperitoneal space:
in the paranephral fatty tissue space
in the paracolic fatty tissue space
in the parapleural space through weak points of the diaphragm
in the infrainguinal region through lacuna musculorum
in the paraureteral space
11.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Possible routs of primary pus spreading from paranefral space:
in the proper retroperitoneal fatty tissue space
in the paracolic fatty tissue space
primary spreading is not possible, because the inflamtory process forms strong fascial septums
parietal fatty tissue space of the pelvis
in the paraureteral space
12.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Possible routs of primary pus spreading from paracolic space:
in the subdiafragmal extraperitoneal and parapleural space
in the proper retroperitoneal fatty tissue space
in the parapleural space
in the parietal fatty tissue space of the pelvis
in the paraureteral space
13.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The ureter's relationship with the retroperitoneal structures is:
posterior from the lumbar arteries and veins
posterior from the testicular (ovarian) vessels
anterior from the genitofemoral nn.
attached to the parietal peritoneum at the level of terminal line
lateral from the quadratus lumborum m.
14.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Where is situated the femoral nerve?
Between the greater psoas and quadratus lumborum muscles
Between iliac and greater psoas muscles
Between the greater and lesser psoas
Between quadratus lumborum and its fascia
No correct answer
15.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Where is situated the genitofemoral nerve?
Protrudes the fascia projecting on the anterior surface of the greater psoas muscle
On the posterior surface of the greater psoas
Between greater psoas and quadratus lumborum muscles
Between greater psoas and iliac muscles
Between transverse fascia and the parietal peritoneum
16.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The aberrant renal artery:
can cause hydronephrosis
starts from the renal a. or the aorta
the majority of aberrant aa. supply with blood the inferior pole
ignoring this artery can lead to abundent hemorrhages or necrosis of the inferior pole of the kigney
does not present clinical interest
17.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which vessels cross the ureter in the retroperitoneal space?
left - common iliac artery
right - external iliac artery
left - external iliac artery
right - common iliac artery
left and right - common iliac artery
18.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Kidney projection on the anterolateral abdominal wall is:
In epigastric and hypochondriac right and left regions
In mesogastric and lateral abdominal regions
In epigastric region
In hypogastric region
In umbilical region
19.
a)
b)
c)
Renal hilum projection on the anterior abdominal wall is:
On the intersection of rectus abdomini muscle with costal arch
10 cm below the intersection of rectus abdomini muscle with costal arch
On the level of costal arch and xiphoid process
d)
e)
On the level of umbilicus
On the level of apex of xiphoid process
20.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Renal hilum projection on posterior abdominal wall is:
On the intersection of lateral edges of erector spinae muscle with XII rib
10 cm below the intersection of lateral edges of erector spinae muscle with XII rib
On the intersection of erector spinae muscle with XI rib
On the intersection of erector spinae muscle with X rib
On the intersection of erector spinae muscle with IX rib
21.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Interrelation between structures of renal hilum from anterior to posterior:
Artery, vein, ureter
Vein, artery, ureter
Artery, ureter, vein
Ureter, artery, vein
Vein, ureter, artery
22.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Right kidney has interrelation with limitrophe organs, from anterior are situated:
right lobe of liver
descending part of duodenum
superior portion of the ascendent colon and the small bowel loops
aorta
stomach
23.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Left kidney has interrelation with limitrophe organs, from anterior are situated:
tail of pancreas and spleen
superior portion of the descendent colon
small bowel loops
posterior wall of the omental bursa
sigmoid colon
24.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Right suprarenal gland has interrelation with the following limitrophe structures:
right lobe of the liver from anterior
diaphragm from posterior
abdominal aorta
inferior vena cava
coeliac plexus ganglia
25.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Left suprarenal gland has interrelation with the following limitrophe structures:
body of pancreas
posterior wall of omental bursa
inferior vena cava
abdominal aorta et plexus coeliacus
diaphragm from posterior
26.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Projection of the ureters on anteriolateral abdominal wall:
on lateral edge of the rectus abdomini muscles
on medial edge of the rectus abdomini muscles
6 cm lateral to the lateral edge of rectus abdomini muscle
6 cm medial to the medial edge of rectus abdomini muscle
on linea alba
27.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Projection of the ureters on the posterior abdominal wall:
parallel to the tips of spinous processes of lumbar vertebrae
the line that connects the transversal processes of lumbar vertebrae
on scapular lines
on posterior axillary lines
on midaxillary lines
28.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the following are visceral branches of abdominal aorta?
Celiac trunk
testicular aa. (ovarian)
superior and inferior mesenteric aa.
renal arteries and medial suprarenal a.
inferior phrenic aa.
29.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the following are parietal branches of abdominal aorta?
inferior phrenic arteries
Lumbar arteries
Median sacral artery
Testicular (ovarien) arteries
median suprarenal arteries
30. What anatomical structures cross inferior vena cava from posterior?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Right renal artery
Left renal artery
Right lumbar arteries
Left testicular (ovarien) artery
Superior phrenic artery
31.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the following are visceral branches of the inferior vena cava?
Lumbar veins
Hepatic veins
Superior mesenteric vein
right testicular vein (ovarian)
renal and suprarenal veins
32.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the following are parietal branches of inferior vena cava?
inferior phrenic veins
testicular (ovaric) veins
renal veins
medial sacral vein
lumbar veins
33.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
How many narrowings has the ureter?
one
two
three
four
five
34.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
How many equal parts of the ureter are considered?
None
Two
Three
Four
Five
35.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Anterior from abdominal aorta are situated:
pancreas
ascending portion of duodenum
root of the small bowel mesentery
left renal v.
left testicular (ovarian) v.
36.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Proximal from the iliac vessels, the ureter is situated posterior from:
terminal portion of the ileum from right
cecum - from right
root of the sigmoid mesentery - from left
descendent colonum - from left
rectosigmoid portion of the colon - from left
37.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
XII rib intersect kidneys in the following way:
left kidney is crossed about the middle
left kidney: 1/3 superiorly and 2/3 inferiorly
the right kidney: 1/3 superiorly and 2/3 inferiorly
right kidney is crossed in the middle
XII rib do not intersect kidneys
38.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What are the anatomical structures and factors that maintain kidneys in their position:
hepato-duodeno-and lienorenal ligaments
adipose and external capsule
renal pedicle
intra-abdominal pressure
visceral peritoneum
39.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Paracolitis (damage of paracolonum) may develop as a result of pathological processes:
pancreas and duodenum
check intestine and appendix
ascending and descending colon
transevers colon
small bowel
40. Purulent collections in the kidneys and ureters rise to:
a) paranefritis
b) paraurethritis
c)
d)
e)
paracolitis
retroperitonitis
peritonitis
41.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Retroperitonitis (retroperitoneal phlegmon) develops as a result of damage of :
parapleural space
transverse colon
cellular space in small basin
duodenum
the cell space around the kidney
Pelvis
1.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Innominated line of the pelvic inlet is delimited by:
Superior branches of pubic bones
Superior border of pubic symphysis
Sacrotuberous and acrospinous ligaments and sacrum
Inferior border of pubic symphysis, ischial bones and coccyx
Promontory
2.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Internal walls of the pelvis are covered by the next muscles:
Obturator external
Piriformis
Gemellus superior and inferior
Gluteus minor and iliopsoas
Obturator internal
3.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Exit from the pelvic cavity is closed by:
Gluteus major and medius
transversus perinei profundus m. (urogenital diaphragm)
ischiocavernosus and bulbocavernosus mm.
m. levator ani (anal diaphragm
superficial perineal transvers m.
4.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Greater sciatic foramen is delimitated by:
Sacrotuberal ligament
Sacrospinal ligament
Lesser sciatic notch
Greater sciatic notch
Sacrum
5.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Lesser sciatic foramen is delimitated by:
Sacrococigian ligament
Sacrospinal ligament
Sacrotuberal ligament
Lesser sciatic notch
Sacrum
6.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Piriform muscle originates from:
Posterior superior iliac spine
Iliac wings
Coccyx
Anterior surface of sacrum
Anterior superior iliac spine
7.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Levator ani muscle originates from:
Terminal line of pelvis
iliac bone wings
Tendinous arch of pelvic fascia
Schiatic bones
Sacrospinal ligament
8.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Gluteal superior nerve is coming out from pelvis through:
Greater sciatic foramen
Lesser sciatic foramen
Obturator foramen
Suprapiriform foramen
Infrapiriform foramen
9.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Visceral pelvic muscles are:
Sphincter ani externus
Obturator internal muscle
Sphincter ani internus
Levator ani muscle
e)
Piriform muscle
10.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Pelvic fascia is a continuation of:
Fascia lata
Obturator fascia
Transverse aponeurosis
Endoabdominal fascia
Retroperitoneal fascia
11.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In the anterior compartment of subperitoneal storey (level) of pelvis in male are the following:
Urinary bladder and pelvic portion of the ureters
Prostate
Seminal vesicles
Rectum
Ampulla of ductus deferens
12.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In the anterior compartment of the subperitoneal storey (level) of pelvis in female are the followeing:
uterine cervix
greater vestibular gland of Bartholini
ampulla of rectum
extraperitoneal portion of the urinary bladder
incipient portion of the vagina
13.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What is situated behind the peritoneo-perineal fascia of Denonvilliers in female?
Vagina
Posterior fornix of vagina
Rectum
Internal ilieac a.
Lumbar plexus
14.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Tendinous arch of pelvic fascia is between:
Ischial tuberosities
Inferior margin of pubic symphysis and ischial spine
Superior margin of pubic symphysis and ischial tuberosity
Inferior margin of pubic symphysis and sacrum
Spina sciatica
15.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Urogenital organs in pelvis are separated from rectum by:
Capsule of prostate of Retzius-Pirogov
Capsule of rectum of Amussat
Obturator fascia
Endopelvin fascia
Peritoneo-perineal fascia of Denonvilliers
16.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Purulence of the lateral celluloadipose space of pelvis can spread to the gluteal region through:
Suprapiriform foremen
Infrapiriform foramen
Pudendal (Alcock’s) canal
Obturator canal
Along the round ligament of uterus
17.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Purulence of the lateral celluloadipose space of pelvis can spread to the medial fascial sheath of the thigh:
Along the femoral branch of genitofemoral nerve
Along the lateral femural cutaneous nerve
Through the Alcock’s canal
Through the obturator canal
Along the round ligament of uterus
18.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Parametral cellular space is localized between:
Layers of the broad ligament of uterus
Around the cervix uteri
Transverse perineal muscles
In the rectouterine pouch of Douglas
In the vesicouterine pouch
19.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Purulence of parametral celluloadipose space can spread immediately to:
anterior region of the thigh along the femoral branch of genitofemural n.
Retrovezical space
Retroperitonial fatty tissue space
Retrorectal fatty tissue space
Lateral pelvic fatty tissue space
20. In the parametrium cellular space is localized:
a) Uterine and ureteral arteries
b) Sacral plexus
c)
d)
e)
Venous and nervous uterine plexuses
Cardinal ligament of the uterus Mackenrodt
Ovaries
21.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
How many stories distinguish in the pelvis
One
Two
Three
Four
It is not separated into stories
22.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
23.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Peritoneal storey of pelvis is localized:
Between wings of the iliac bones
Between pelvic diaphragm and peritoneum
Between peritoneum and fascia of Denonvilliers
Between urogenital diaphragm and peritoneum
In portion of the pelvic organs covered by the peritoneum
Indicate the folds and excavations of the peritoneal pelvic storey in female:
Transverse vesical fold
Vesicouterine fold
Rectovesical folds
Sacrouterine folds, rectouterine excavations
Vesicouterine excavations
24.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Indicate the folds and excavations of the peritoneal pelvic storey in male:
Transverse vesical fold
Vezicorectale fold
Sacrorectal fold
Lateral umbilical folds
Vesicouterine excavations
25.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Subperitoneal storey of the pelvis is delimited by:
Iliac wings
Fascia that covers levator ani muscle
Fascia of Denonvilliers
Bottom of the peritoneal bag
Represent pelvic organs coverd by peritoneum
26.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Subcutaneous pelvic storey is localized between:
iliac wings
skin and pelvic diaphragm
skin and superficial fascia
the superficial and deep transverse perineal muscles
peritoneum and muscle levator ani
27.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Ischiorectal fossa is delimited by:
iliac bone wing
rectum
skin
levator ani muscle
tuber of ischial bone together with the obturator internal muscle
28.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The position of the internal iliac vein with relation to the internal iliac artery is:
Medial
Lateral
Posterior
Superior
Anterior
29.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Pelvic portocaval anastomosis, it is a connection between:
superior rectal vv. and vv. rectale medii
inferior and superior rectal vv
middle and inferior rectal vv.
in the pelvis there are no portocaval anastomoses
venous plexus around the urinary bladder
30.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Where is localized sacral plexus?
On the obturator internal muscle
On the obturator external muscle
On the gemelli muscles
On the piriform muscle
On the anterior surface of the sacrum
31.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Where is localized the sympathetic trunk in pelvis?
On the obturator internal muscle
Medial to the anterior sacral foramens
On the gemelli muscles
On the piriform muscle
Lateral to the anterior sacral foramens
32.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Lymph draines from the external genital organs to lymph nodes that are situated:
Along the common iliac artery
Internal iliac artery
On the anterior surface of sacrum
Along the external iliac artery
Along the obturator artery
33.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Pudendal (Alcock’s) canal is delimited by:
Ischial tuberosity and obturator membrane
Fascial duplication of the internal obturator muscle
Obturator membrane and obturator internal muscle
Ischial tuberosity and obturator internal muscle
Sacrospinous and obturator internal muscle
34.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Pudendal (Alcock’s) canal contains:
Obturator artery, vein, and nerve
Pudendal nerve
Pudendal internal artery and vein
Gluteus inferior artery, vein and nerve
Pudendal external artery and vein
35.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What is situated immediately before the rectum in female?
peritoneo-perineal aponeurosis of Denonvillier
uterine tubes
cervix uteri
Posterior fornix of vagina
Uterus
36.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
How many arteries provide the vascularization of rectum?
One
Two
Three
Four
Five
37.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Rectum is divided, concerning anatomo-topographical structure, in to how many parts:
One
Two
Three
Four
Five
38.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The largest portion of rectum is:
Ampullar part
Rectosigmoid part
Anal part
Sigmoid part
Transverse part
39.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What is situated in front of the rectum in men?
peritoneo-perineal aponeurosis of Denonvillier
Ureter
Urethra
Ductus deferens
Prostate ,seminal vesicles
40.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
How many curves forms rectum in sagittal plane?
One ( sacral)
Two (sacral superior and perineal inferior)
One ( perineal)
Three (sacral superior, coccygeal middle and perineal inferior )
Rectum does not form any curves
41. Indicate the sphincters of the rectum:
a) External
b) Internal
c)
d)
e)
Tertiary
Longitudinal
Intermediate
42. Which of the following statements are correct?
a) peritoneum covers the bottom and the body of the uterus, the posterior surface of the cervixand a portion of the posterior wall of the
vagina
b) Longitudinal axe of the uterus is bended anteriorly
c)
Position of the body of the uterus to its neck is that of anteflexion
d) on the surface of vesical peritoneum get up to anterior fornix of the vagina
e) Uterus has no mesenterium
43.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What within anatomical structure is situated the mesenterium of the uterine tube and ovary?
Round ligament of uterus
Cardinal ligaments
Sacropubic ligaments
Broad ligament of uterus
Parietal pelvic celluloadipose space
44.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The uterine tube is located:
In the round ligament of uterus
Along the cardinal ligament of uterus
On the inferior border of the sacropubic ligament
On the superior edge of the broad ligament of uterus
In the parietal pelvic celluloadipose space
45.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What ligaments stabilize the position of uterus?
Round ligaments of uterus
infundibulopelvic ligament
Sacrouterine ligaments
Broad ligament of the uterus
Cardinal ligaments of uterusMackenrodt
46.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Uterine tube is divided into the following parts:
Uterine part
Isthmus of uterine tube
Intermediar part
Ampulla and infundibulum of uterine tube
Ovarian part
47.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
How many ligaments the ovary has?
One
Two
Three
Four
It has no ligaments
48.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Indicate the main ligaments of the ovary:
Suspensory ligament
Proper ligament
Round ligament
Cardinal ligament
Broad ligament
49.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
How many proper ligaments the ovary has?
One
Two
Three
Four
It has no proper ligaments
50.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Ovary in the pelvis is located:
On the round ligament of uterus
Between the leaves of broad ligament of uterus
On the ampulla of the uterine tube
On the posterior leaf of the broad ligament of uterus
On the anterior leaf of the broad ligament of uterus
51.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What structures does the suspensory ligament of ovary contain?
Cardinal ligament
Ovarian vein
Ovarian artery
Tubular artery and vein
Uterine artery and vein
52.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Pathway of the cardinal ligament of the uterus is:
Along the uterine vessels
Through the mesosalpinx
Through the mesovarium
Along the ovarian artery
Along the posterior wall of the vagina
53.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What parts does the fornix of the vagina include?
Anterior
Posterior
Left
Right
It does not have any parts
54.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The projection of the tendinous center of the perineum on skin?
From the pubic symphysis to the sacrum
the middle point of the line that connects ischial tuberosities anteriorly to anus
Between the ureters and the vagina
posterior from the rectum
Middle point of the innominate line
55.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Urogenital diaphragm is considered as:
Levator ani muscle
Superficial transverse muscle of the perineum and superficial fascia
Superficial and deep transverse muscles of the perineum
Deep transverse perineal muscle and the fascias that cover it
Bulbocavernos muscle
56.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What structures pass through the urogenital diaphragm in female?
Ducts of greater vestibular (Bartholin’s) glands
Genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve
Urethra
Vagina
Round ligament of the uterus
57.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What structures pass through the urogenital diaphragm in male?
Seminal ducts
Genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve
Urethra
Obturator artery when occur as “crown of death”
Spermatic cord
58.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Innervation of skin in the region of perineum is accomplished in women by:
Genitofemoral nerve
Ilioinguinal nerve
Iliohypogastric nerve
Pudental nerve
Cutaneous femoris posterior nerve
59.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Between what band is placed dorsal artery of the penis?
Spongious head
skin
lamina albuginea
between the cavernous bodies
proper fascia
60.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
How many segments can be distinguished in a man’s urethra?
One
Two
Three
Four
Five
61.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What segments can be distinguished in a man’s urethra?
Membranous part
Spongy part
Terminal part
Vesical part
Prostatic part
62. How many segments can be distinguished in a woman’s urethra?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
One
Two
Three
Four
Five
63.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Indicate with which structures does the inferior wall of the urinary bladder come in contact in men?
Prostate
seminal vesicles and the ampullas of deferent ducts
Posterior wall of the rectum
urethra
ureters
64.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Indicate with which structures does the lateral wall of the urinary bladder come in contact in men?
Prostate
ductus deferens
Posterior wall of the rectum
urethra
ureters
65.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Involuntary sphincter of the urinary bladder is located in the:
Terminal, intramural part of ureters
Membranous part of urethra
Initial part of urethra
Spongy part of urethra
All of the sphincters of the urinary bladder are voluntary
66.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The voluntary sphincter of the urinary bladder is located in the:
Terminal, intramural part of ureters
Membranous part of urethra
Initial part of urethra
Spongy part of urethra
All of the sphincters of the urinary bladder are voluntary
67.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which one of the following statements are corect?
Length of the pelvic part of the ureter is of 15-16cm
Pelvic part of the ureter is divided into the rectal and visceral portions
At the level of the terminal line the left ureter crosses the left common iliac artery
At the level of the terminal line the right ureter crosses the right common iliac artery
In front of the initial part of the ureter on the right is located the ileum, on the left the mesentery of the sigmoid colon
68.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Where does the ureter form its first cross with the uterine artery?
At the level of initial part of internal iliac artery, being located superficially to the artery
On the lateral pelvic wall, at the level of initial part of internal iliac artery, being located deeper to the artery
At the level of cervix uteri, being located deeper to the uterine artery
At the level of cervix uteri, being located superficially to the uterine artery
At the entrance of pelvis, being located lateral to the uterine artery
69.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Where does the ureter form its second cross with the uterine artery?
On the lateral pelvic wall, at the level of initial part of internal iliac artery, being located superficial to the artery
On the lateral pelvic wall, at the level of initial part of internal iliac artery, being located deeper to the artery
At the level of cervix uteri, being located deeper to the uterine artery
At the level of cervix uteri, being located superficially to the uterine artery
At the entrance of pelvis, being located lateral to the uterine artery
70.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the statements involves the description of the prostate?
It is a musculoglandular organ with the shape of a chestnut
In its structure can be distinguished the apex, base, anterior and posterior parts, two lateral and one middle lobes
It is surrounded by a dense fascial sheath (capsule of Retzius-Pirogov)
Gland is separated from the urinary bladder by celluloadipose tissue
Prostate venous plexus is located outside of the prostate capsule
71.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the statements describes correctly the location of the seminal vesicles?
It is a glandular organ with the shape of a chestnut
They are situated in the pelvis upper to the prostate
They are close to the posterior wall of the urinary bladder
They are located between two structures: ampulla of ductus deferens is medially and ureter is laterally
Adheres to peritoneo-perineal aponeurosis Denonvillier
72. Which muscles are inserted in the tendinous center of the perineum in women?
a) Bulbospongiosus
b) Sphincter ani externus, levator ani
c)
d)
e)
Sphincter ani internus
Transversus perinei profundus and superficialis
Ischiocavernosus
73.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Round ligaments of uterus end in:
Labium minus pudendi
Pubic symphesis
Anterior wall of the vagina
Labium majus
Aponeurosis of external oblique abdominal muscle
74.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What are the regions of the perineum?
anal region
perianal region
the genital region
urinary region
urogenital region
75.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the statement are correct?
The perineum represents the superior wall of the pelvic cavity
The perineum represents the inferior wall of the cavity pelvic
The perineum represents the anterior wall of the pelvic cavity
The perineum represents the posterior wall of the pelvic cavity
None of the answers
76.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Landmarks for determining the limits of perineum are:
anterior –inferior margin of the pubic symphisis
posterior - coccyx
posterior-lateral - ischiosacral ligaments
lateral - ischial tuberosities
none of the answers
77.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Thru the subcutaneous fatty tissue of the anal region pass
Perineal nerves
perineal branches of cutaneus femoris posterior nerves
cutaneous branches of the inferiorgluteal artery and vein
branches of inferior rectal artery and vein
superior clunium nerves
78.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
External fascia of spermatic cord is an extension of:
superficial fascia of the abdominal wall
aponeurosis of the obliquus externus abdominis muscle
transverse fascia
peritoneum
fascia propria of the abdominal wall
79.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Internal fascia of spermatic cord is an extension of:
superficial fascia of the abdominal wall
aponeurosis of the obliquus externus abdominis muscle
transverse fascia
peritoneum
fascia propria of the abdominal wall
80.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Fascia cremasterica is an extension of: is an extension of:
superficial fascia of the abdominal wall
fascia propria of the abdominal wall
transverse fascia
peritoneum
is no correct answer
81.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Vaginal tunic of the testicle is an extension of:
superficial abdominal fascia
aponeurosis of the obliquus externus abdominis muscle
transverse fascia
peritoneum
pelvic fascia
82.
a)
b)
c)
Embryogenesis of the testicle occurs:
in the peritoneal cavity
in the pelvic cavity
in retroperitoneal space
d)
e)
in scrotum
is no correct answer
83.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The elements of the spermatic cord are:
deferent duct, a. and v. of the deferent duct
testicular artery and vein
cremasteric artery and vein
peritonealvaginal process
external pudendal artery
84.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Testicular artery is a branch of the artery:
the internal pudendal
perineal
external pudendal
abdominal aorta
inferior mesenteric
85.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
That form testicular veins?:
prostatic plexus
pampiniform plexus
perineal plexus
sacral plexus
scrotal plexus
86.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which answers are correct:
both testicular vein draining into inferior vena cava
right testicular vein flows in acute angle in the inferior vena cava
left testicular vein flows in right angles to the left renal vein
right testicular vein flows in right angles in right renal vein
both veins draining into renal veins
87.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which answers are correct:
right testicular vein flows in acute angle in the inferior vena cava
left testicular vein flows in acute angles in the inferior vena cava
left testicular vein flows in right angles in the inferior vena cava
both veins draining into renal veins
both testicular vein draining into inferior vena cava
88.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The length of the prostatic urethra is:
2 cm
4cm
8cm
12cm
15cm
89.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The urethra length in the memebranoasă portion is:
2 cm
4cm
8cm
12cm
15cm
90.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The length of the spongious portion of the urethra is
2 cm
4cm
8cm
12cm
15cm
91.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Great vestibular glands (Bartholin) are located?
on the medial face of the labium minus
on the posterior base of the labium majus
in the vestibulum of the vagina
in the thickness of bulbocavernos muscle
in the ischiorectal fossa
92.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Where do the orifices of the great vestibular glands (Bartholin) open?
between the labia minora and hymen
at the base of major labium
between small and minor labia
on the clitoris
in urethral meatus
93.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the following statements are correct about the pelvic fascia:
parietal lamella covers parietal muscles of the pelvis
continue on the upper surface of the levator ani muscle
obturatory fascia represents a more compact portion of the parietal fascia and forms tendinous arches of the pelvic fascia
visceral lamella covers intraperitoneal portions of the pelvic organs
visceral lamella covers extraperitoneal portions ofvthe pelvic organs in case of males
94.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of these capsules are formed by fascia pelvis:
Amiussv capsule
Pirogov-Retsius capsule
Littre capsule
Anderson capsule
Paron capsule
95.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
For prevezicală fascia is characteristic:
has a triangular form
is stretched between the lateral umbilical folds
subperitoneal ruptures of the urinary bladder are accompanied by prevesical fascial ruptures, which leads to urinary bladder
infiltration not only of the preperitoneal space but also of the prevesical space
separates the two areas of adipose tissue located between the pubic bone and the bladder
prevezicală fascia is stretched between the medial umbilical folds
96.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the following statements are correct concerning the limits of retrovesical space:
is bounded above the visceral fascia that covers the vesical bladder
is bounded laterally by longitudinal septa of visceral pelvic fascia
posterior is bounded by peritoneo-perineal aponeurosis
inferior is bounded by superior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm
anterior is bounded by the vesical bladder
97.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What structures are contained in retrovezical cellular tissue space in the case of men?
prostate
seminal vesicles
ductus deferens
ureter
urethra
98.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What structures are contained in retrovezical cellular tissue space in the case of women?
vagina
cervix
uterus
ureter
urethra
99.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Possible ways of pus diffusion in the retrovesical space are:
on the trajectory ductus deferens in the inguinal canal
on the trajectory of vesical arteries in the parietal area of the pelvis
on the trajectory of the ureter in the retroperitoneal space
on the trajectory of vesical veins in the parietal space of the pelvis
the pus is not diffused
100.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the following statements about retrorectal space are wrong:
is located between the rectum capsule and sacrum
contains the sacral portion of the sympathetic trunk, sacral and median arteries
contains superior rectal arteries ,on the trajectory pus may spread into the retroperitoneal space and the parietal area of the pelvis
is located between the capsule and the wall of the rectum
contains the aorta and inferior vena cava
101.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
List the components of the epididymis:
head
body
neck
tail
bulb
102.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
List the parts of the penis:
two cavernous bodies
one spongios body
one cavernous body
two spongy bodies
two membranous bodies
103.
a)
b)
c)
We distinguish the following parts of Fallopian tube:
uterine part
isthmus of fallopian tube
ampulla of fallopian tube
d)
e)
vesical part
pavilion of fallopian tube
104.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The limit between external female genitals organs and the internal one are:
small labia
big labia
incipient portion of the vagina
hymen
cervix
105.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The coccygeal muscle insertion points are:
ischial spine
the lateral edge of the coccyx
the top of the sacrum
pubis bone
the iliac crest
106.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Perineum is composed of the following sections:
urogenital diaphragm
tendinous part of diaphragm
superficial diaphragm
pelvic diaphragm
coccygeal diaphragm
107.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Perineal region boundaries are:
anterior to the lower edge of pubic symphysis
posterior to coccyx
anterior of line drown between superior anterior iliac spines
lateral sacrotuberale ligaments
lateral to the lower branches of the pubic and ischial bones
108.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
The length of the female urethra is:
5 - 6 cm
3,5 - 4 cm
4,5 – 5,5 cm
2 - 3 cm
7 - 8 cm
109.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Choose the correct statements about the labia minora.
contain a large number of elastic fibers
are composed of connective tissue
posterior edges forms frenulum of labia minora
have a length of 7-8 cm
constitutes a skin fold
110.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What vaginal fornixis punctured to extract patologic fluid from the peritoneal cavity.
anterior fornix
posterior fornix
left lateral fornix
right lateral fornix
in this case is not made fornix puncture