College of Health and Human Services
Department of Physician Assistant Studies
PHA 500 Human Anatomy Syllabus
Fall 2012
5 Credits, 176 Clock hours
2 credits of lecture (2 hours contact time/week)
3 Credits Lab (9 hours contact time/week)
Instructor of Record: Rebecca Fisher, Ph.D.
Office Address: ASU office, LSE Room S-66: Phone 480.727.9772
UA College of Medicine, Phoenix Office, Building 3, Room 3375: Phone
602.827.2109
Rebecca.fisher@email.arizona.edu
Office Hours: Tuesday, 3-5 pm at the COM-Phoenix
Friday, 3-5 pm at ASU – There are no Friday office hours on exam weeks. On these
weeks please arrange to attend Tuesday office hours or during or after the class period.
Course Time and Location: Class will meet on Mondays and Wednesdays. Please see the attached
weekly calendar for more details. Lecture is from 9-10 am, followed by dissection of the cadavers.
Depending upon enrollment, your dissection skills, and the particular region we are studying, you may
have to dissect into the afternoon. You must complete your dissections each day, as the faculty will
utilize your dissections during the medical student labs on Tuesdays and Thursdays. If we dissect in the
afternoon, we will take a 1 hour break for lunch.
Course Prerequisites: Admittance into the Department of PA Studies Program
Course Description:
The course is organized into four sections: 1) thorax and abdomen, 2) pelvis, perineum, and lower
extremities, 3) back and upper extremities, and 4) head and neck. Students will conduct a complete
dissection of the human body. The course will emphasize the application of anatomical knowledge to
clinical practice. Students will dissect the human body in order to reveal the anatomical basis for
performing clinical procedures, conducting a physical exam, and assessing which structures may be
injured or diseased based on a patient presentation. Embryology and developmental biology will be
incorporated into the curriculum
Student Learning Expectations/Outcomes for this Course:
Student Learning Outcomes: Upon completing Human Anatomy, the student should be able to:
Created: 8/2011
1) Use standard anatomical terminology in describing the structure of the human body.
2) Locate and palpate important anatomical landmarks utilized during the physical exam.
3) Identify organs and describe their gross anatomy.
4) Identify blood vessels and nerves and name the tissues they supply or innervate.
5) Identify bones and joints, explain the movements possible at each joint, and name the muscle
groups responsible for these actions.
6) Apply the knowledge of muscle actions and motor and sensory innervation to predict how
patients will present following nerve lesions.
7) Describe the three dimensional structure of the human body, including the spatial relationships of
organs, blood vessels, nerves, bones, and muscles.
8) Apply the knowledge of three dimensional relationships to:
a. anticipate the implications of an injury
b. predict the spread of disease
c. perform basic clinical procedures
d. begin to interpret imaging studies
9) Recognize the normal range of variation in human anatomy.
10) Demonstrate the ability to work cooperatively in a group
Course structure/approach:
The course utilizes lecture format to introduce the material followed by in-depth dissection two days per
week.
Textbooks and Resources:
Moore, K.L. and Agur, A.M.R. (2010). Essential clinical anatomy. Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins.
Netter, F.H. (2006). Atlas of human anatomy. Elsevier (Sanders).
These textbooks are available through the University of Arizona online library.
Recommended optional materials/references:
Course Materials/Web Site:
All course materials will be available through ASU Blackboard, including the syllabus, lecture notes,
PowerPoint slides, and prep sheets for each lab. It is recommended that you review the lecture notes,
slides, and prep sheet prior to each lab. The prep sheets will include dissection instructions for each lab
and will indicate all of the structures you will need to demonstrate that day. The prep sheet will be
projected onto the plasma screens at each lab table while you dissect, so you do not need to bring a copy
of this document to lab. However, you may want to bring a copy of either the lecture notes or slides to
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class; alternatively, you may prefer to bring your laptop. Please note: All course materials, including
lecture notes, PowerPoint slides, exams, etc. are under copyright protection. You may NOT distribute,
post, sell, or buy any of these materials without our written permission.
Plastic Skulls:
Prior to the head and neck section of the course, each student will be provided with a high quality plastic
skull. Please treat these skulls with care. Take care not to mark the skull with pens as you are studying.
Pipe cleaners have been provided in each box-please use these rather than pens or pencils to explore the
foramina. You will be charged a fee of $30 if there are pen marks on the skull that cannot be removed.
In addition, you will be charged a fee of $200 to replace the skull if it is lost or extensively damaged. In
addition, you will not receive a grade for the course until the skull is returned in good order or all fees
have been paid.
Skeletons and Anatomical Models:
There are a variety of anatomical models and skeletons available in the gross lab for your study. Do not
remove these materials from the lab.
Course Outline: (with Instructional Objectives)
Week/Day
Topic
1 - M Introduction to Anatomy & the Nervous System
Thoracic Wall
1 - W Lungs and Diaphragm
2 - M Mediastinum and Heart I
2 - W Mediastinum and Heart II
3 - M Anterior Abdominal Wall
3 - W Abdominal Contents I (Foregut)
4 - M Abdominal Contents II (Midgut and Hindgut)
4 - W Posterior Abdominal Wall
EXAM 1: Thorax and Abdomen
5 - M Pelvis I
5 - W Pelvis II
6 - M Perineum/Overview of the Lower Extremity
6 - W Anterior Thigh and Leg and Dorsal Foot
8 - M Gluteal Region and Posterior Thigh
8 - W Posterior and Lateral Leg and Plantar Foot
EXAM 2: Pelvis, Perineum, Lower Extremity
9 - M Back
9 - W Overview of the Upper Extremity; Shoulder
10 - M Axilla and Arm
10 - W Anterior Forearm and Palmar Hand
11 - M Posterior Forearm and Dorsal Hand
11 - W Neck I
EXAM 3: Back/Upper Extremity
12 - M Neck II
13 - M Brain, Spinal Cord, Meninges
13 - W Face and Scalp
Moore & Agur readings
pp. 1-46
pp. 3-6, 48-67
pp. 51-53, 68-79, 185-191
pp. 80-87, 102-108
pp. 87-102, 108-115
pp. 117-135
pp. 135-152, 159-175
pp. 148-161, 180-185
pp. 174-185, 192-203
pp. 205-215
pp. 215-249
pp.250-273, 317-336,379-402
pp. 336-346, 355-359, 361-362, 373
pp. 346-354
pp. 360-379, 403-404
pp. 275-295, 301-315
pp. 406-429, 475-491
pp. 427-445
pp. 446-451, 456-474
pp. 451-460, 492-494
pp. 593-618, 638-639, 642-672
pp. 38-41, 618-638, 642-672
pp.32-33, 296-302,496-519, 642-672
pp. 502-503, 519-529, 642-672
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14 - M Oral Cavity
14 - W Nasal Cavity and Ear
15 - W Orbit
EXAM 4: Head and Neck
pp. 549-573, 642-672
pp. 549, 552, 570-588, 642-672
pp. 529-548, 642-672
Assessment of Student Learning Outcomes:
Online Practice Quizzes:
An online practice quiz, consisting of 8 questions, will be available prior to each of the exams. The
online quizzes are optional. You may take the quiz as many times as you like and it is not graded. On
the Tuesday prior to each exam, you will receive an email from Margaret Acosta with a link to the quiz.
You can view a key to the quiz, including explanations as to why each answer option is either correct or
incorrect, by utilizing the review mode in the testing system. The practice quizzes are designed to give
you an opportunity to become familiar with the question format for the upcoming exam. They are not
intended to reflect the difficulty or breadth of questions that will be on the exam.
Exam Dates/Format:
Your knowledge will be assessed via 4 equally weighted exams. Each exam will consist of 40 multiplechoice questions and you will have 60 minutes to complete the exam. Some questions will be
accompanied by pictures. The exams will include:
Exam 1 (Thorax and Abdomen) Friday Sept X
Exam 2 (Pelvis, Perineum, Lower Extremity) Friday Oct X
Exam 3 (Back and Upper Extremities) Friday Nov X
Exam 4 (Head and Neck) Friday, Dec X
The student will take the exam on the University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix campus.
Directions will be provided on the first day of class. There will be a variety of exam times available,
including Friday at 3pm, Saturday at 10am, and Sunday at 1pm. On the Monday prior to each exam,
you will receive an email from Margaret Acosta with a link to the exam sign up. If you sign up for a
Friday exam, Margaret will send you a link to a complementary parking pass; parking is free on
Saturday and Sunday.
Exam Review
Following each exam, you will be able to review your exam results and the exam key in the COMPhoenix library starting Tuesday at noon through Thursday at 6pm. Results will be expedited following
the fourth exam, and you will be able to review your exam results in the library starting Monday at noon
through Tuesday at 6pm.
NetID and Software for Quizzes/Exams:
In order to access the practice quizzes and exams, you will be assigned a UA Net ID. You will also
need to install the following software on your laptop:
Adobe Air, download at http://get.adobe.com/air/
The latest version of Adobe flashplayer, download at http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/
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Most students bring their own laptops to the exam center. If you do not have a laptop, there are some
computers available on site. Please let Dr. Fisher know asap if you will need to use an on-site computer.
Grading System:
Your grade will be determined by the percentage of questions answered correctly on the four exams
(160 questions total).
The following grading scale will be used:
A
B
C
F
90-100
80-89
70-79
≤69
Course policy:
Retests/make-up exams: Make-up exams will not be offered unless you can demonstrate (e.g., with a
doctor’s letter) that your absence on the exam day was unavoidable.
Attendance: Attendance in lecture and laboratory is mandatory due to the material presented. Please
refer to the NAU DPAS Student Handbook on policies on attendance.
Student Responsibilities:
Students are expected to attend all lecture classes and scheduled laboratory hours and to read the defined
reading assignments as stated on the instructional objectives prior to class. This will facilitate
comprehension of the material presented in lecture. Students are also expected to devote additional
hours spend in the cadaver lab to deepen their anatomy knowledge. Students are also to take all
examinations as defined by the course.
The program expects all students to consistently conduct themselves in a professional manner, to
demonstrate respect, compassion and integrity, sensitivity to differences in all interaction and to
demonstrate emotional resiliency, stability, flexibility and tolerance of ambiguity and anxiety.
All cell phones and electronic devices must be turned off and out of sight during exams. If a student is
found with a cell phone out during an exam, the student will receive an immediate grade of zero for the
exam, and potentially further disciplinary action.
Laboratory Supplies:
Dissection tools, plastic aprons, and nitrile gloves will all be provided for you. In addition, a Netter atlas
will be provided for each table, for use in the lab. You do not need to purchase these supplies.
Laboratory Attire:
Please wear comfortable clothing. Many students prefer to buy scrubs, but this is not required.
However, you must wear long pants and tennis shoes (no black soles, please); shorts and open-toed
shoes are not permitted. You will be provided with a plastic apron and nitrile gloves; these must be
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worn while working in the lab. During class, you may store your bag in the cubbies located in the room
adjacent to the lab.
Access to the Lab:
As a general rule, you will have access to the lab Monday-Friday, 6:30 am-7 pm, and Saturday and
Sunday, 9 am-3 pm. However, you will not have access to the lab during the medical student labs on
Tuesdays and Thursdays, 9 am-noon. In addition, you will not have access to the lab on the Friday of
exam weeks, as the med students will be taking a practical exam. Please note: you will be charged a $25
fee to replace a lost or stolen badge for the Maricopa County Forensic Science Center. If your badge is
not working or you need a new badge, please contact Amy Nugent in the facilities office asap
(anugent@email.arizona.edu).
Laboratory Rules and Regulations:
Working in the gross anatomy laboratory is a privilege. All students and instructors are required to
observe the following rules and regulations:
1) The body donors will be treated with respect at all times.
2) Students and instructors will treat each other with respect at all times.
3) Human remains must never be removed from the lab.
4) Visitors are not permitted in the lab.
5) Eating (including gum or hard candy), drinking, and smoking are not permitted in the lab. If you
bring a water bottle, you must keep this in a cubby in the room adjacent to the lab.
6) The confidentiality of the donors must be respected; photography and videotaping are not permitted
in the lab.
7) The use of cell phones or other communication devices is not permitted in the lab. If you need to
make a call, please leave the laboratory to do so. If cell phones or pagers need to be turned on during
class time, you must set them to vibrate mode. All communication devices are prohibited during exams.
8) The use of portable music players (e.g., iPods) is not permitted during class. You may use these
devices when working in the lab after hours; however, headphones must be worn at all times.
9) Handle the plastic anatomical models and osteological material in the lab with care. Do not
disarticulate the mounted skeletons. Do not remove the anatomical models and osteological material
from the lab.
10) Each lab group is responsible for keeping the cadaver properly hydrated. Keep parts of the cadaver
that you are not working on covered at all times. At the end of each lab, moisten the dissected area with
wetting solution and wrap the exposed area. Zip up the body bag at the end of each lab and inform an
instructor if your bag is cut or damaged.
11) Maintain a clean working environment. Wipe up any spilled fluids immediately and do not let fluid
accumulate on your table or on the floor. At the end of each lab, wipe down your table and body bag.
12) As you dissect, fat and other cadaveric waste will accumulate. Dispose of this cadaveric waste in
the red biohazard bags. However, keep all organs and skin flaps with the cadaver-do not dispose.
13) Non-biological wastes (e.g., gloves and paper towels) should also be disposed of in the red
biohazard bags.
14) Take care when using scalpel blades. When dissecting, make sure all group members are aware of
the location of the blade(s) on the table. If you are unsure how to insert or remove a blade, please ask an
instructor for help. At the end of each lab, place used blades in the designated sharps containers; take
care when transporting the blades to these containers.
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15) Long pants and tennis shoes are required in the lab. Shorts and open-toed shoes are not permitted.
You must wear a plastic apron while working in the lab.
16) Nitrile gloves must be worn when working in the lab. Please put on a clean pair of gloves when
handling the osteological material and anatomical models. Do not handle the bones and models with
dirty gloves.
17) We strongly recommend the use of eye protection in the lab, especially if you are wearing contact
lenses. If fluid does splash into your eye, rinse it out thoroughly at the eye wash station. Report the
incident to an instructor immediately.
18) If you develop a rash, are cut or otherwise injured, inform an instructor immediately. A first aid kit
is located in the lab.
19) The fume levels in the lab are monitored to ensure that they are within safety limits. However, we
recommend that female students who might be pregnant wear a respirator in the lab. Preliminary studies
suggest a potential link between exposure to organic solvents and an increased risk of fetal
malformations (JAMA, 1999, Volume 281: 1106-1109). If you need to wear a respirator, please contact
Dr. Fisher asap.
20) When you complete your dissections, please contact Dr. Fisher, Dr. Anderson, or Dr. Zack and they
will review your dissection and ensure that all of the structures are well demonstrated. After this review,
please clean up your lab station and then help any of your classmates who are still dissecting and/or
cleaning up their lab station.
21) A copy of these rules and regulations will be posted in the gross anatomy laboratory.
22) All individuals using the anatomy lab will acknowledge their understanding of these expectations
by signing the page at the end of this syllabus. Submit this form to Dr. Fisher by the first lab session.
23) Any person failing to comply with these rules and regulations is subject to disciplinary action
and/or revocation of the privilege to work in the lab.
Donors and the Ceremony of Appreciation:
On the first day of class, you will be told the age of the body donor you are working with, and the cause
of death will be revealed at the end of the course. However, all other information will remain
confidential. To commemorate the body donors and reflect on our experiences in the lab, we will have a
ceremony of appreciation at the end of the course. This will be coordinated with the medical students
who have also been working with the donors. All forms of expression (poetry, music, etc.) are welcome.
Please contact Dr. Fisher if you would like to organize or participate in this ceremony.
NAU Policy on Academic Dishonesty:
ACADEMIC DISHONESTY is a form of misconduct that is subject to disciplinary action under the
Student Code of Conduct and includes the following: cheating, fabrication, fraud, facilitating academic
dishonesty and plagiarism.
Plagiarism: any attempt to knowingly or deliberately pass off other's work as your own.
Cheating: any attempt to gain an unfair advantage over one's fellow students.
Fabrication: any attempt to present information that is not true when the author knows the information
presented is false.
Fraud: any attempt to deceive an instructor or administrative officer of the university.
Facilitating Academic Dishonesty: any attempt to assist an act of academic dishonesty by another
individual.
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If you are charged with academic dishonesty, you are subject to the Arizona Board of Regents’ Student
Code of Conduct and procedures established by NAU, specifically the Academic Dishonesty policy,
outlined in the http://www4.nau.edu/stulife/handbook.htm.
University policy:
SAFE ENVIRONMENT POLICY NAU’s Safe Working and Learning Environment Policy seeks to
prohibit discrimination and promote the safety of all individuals within the university. The goal of this
policy is to prevent the occurrence of discrimination on the basis of sex, race, color, age, national origin,
religion, sexual orientation, disability, or veteran status and to prevent sexual harassment, sexual assault
or retaliation by anyone at this university.
You may obtain a copy of this policy from the college dean’s office or from the NAU’s Affirmative
Action website http://home.nau.edu/diversity/. If you have concerns about this policy, it is important that
you contact the departmental chair, dean’s office, the Office of Student Life (928-523-5181), or NAU’s
Office of Affirmative Action (928-523-3312).
STUDENTS WITH DISABILITIES If you have a documented disability, you can arrange for
accommodations by contacting Disability Resources (DR) at 523-8773 (voice)or 523-6906 (TTY),
dr@nau.edu (e-mail)or 928-523-8747 (fax).Students needing academic accommodations are required to
register with DR and provide required disability related documentation. Although you may request an
accommodation at any time, in order for DR to best meet your individual needs, you are urged to
register and submit necessary documentation (www.nau.edu/dr) 8 weeks prior to the time you wish to
receive accommodations. DR is strongly committed to the needs of student with disabilities and the
promotion of Universal Design. Concerns or questions related to the accessibility of programs and
facilities at NAU may be brought to the attention of DR or the Office of Affirmative Action and Equal
Opportunity (523-3312).
INSTITUTIONAL REVIEW BOARD Any study involving observation of or interaction with human
subjects that originates at NAU—including a course project, report, or research paper—must be
reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) for the protection of human subjects in
research and research-related activities.
The IRB meets monthly. Proposals must be submitted for review at least fifteen working days before
the monthly meeting. You should consult with your course instructor early in the course to ascertain if
your project needs to be reviewed by the IRB and/or to secure information or appropriate forms and
procedures for the IRB review. Your instructor and department chair or college dean must sign the
application for approval by the IRB. The IRB categorizes projects into three levels depending on the
nature of the project: exempt from further review, expedited review, or full board review. If the IRB
certifies that a project is exempt from further review, you need not resubmit the project for continuing
IRB review as long as there are no modifications in the exempted procedures.
A copy of the IRB Policy and Procedures Manual is available in each department’s administrative office
and each college dean’s office or on their website: http://www.research.nau.edu/vpr/IRB/index.htm. If
you have questions, contact the IRB Coordinator in the Office of the Vice President for Research at 928523-8288 or 523-4340.
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ACADEMIC INTEGRITY The university takes an extremely serious view of violations of academic
integrity. As members of the academic community, NAU’s administration, faculty, staff and students
are dedicated to promoting an atmosphere of honesty and are committed to maintaining the academic
integrity essential to the education process. Inherent in this commitment is the belief that academic
dishonesty in all forms violates the basic principles of integrity and impedes learning. Students are
therefore responsible for conducting themselves in an academically honest manner.
Individual students and faculty members are responsible for identifying instances of academic
dishonesty. Faculty members then recommend penalties to the department chair or college dean in
keeping with the severity of the violation. The complete policy on academic integrity is in Appendix G
of NAU’s Student Handbook http://www4.nau.edu/stulife/handbookdishonesty.htm.
ACADEMIC CONTACT HOUR POLICY The Arizona Board of Regents Academic Contact Hour
Police (ABOR handbook, 20296, Academic Credit) states: “an hour of work is the equivalent of 50
minutes of class time . . . at least 15 contact hours of recitation, lecture, discussion, testing or evaluation,
seminar, or colloquium as well as a minimum of 30 hours of student homework is required for each unit
of credit.”
SENSITIVE COURSE MATERIALS If an instructor believes it is appropriate, the syllabus should
communicate to students that some course content may be considered sensitive by some students.
“University education aims to expand student understanding and awareness Thus it necessarily involves
engagement with a wide range of information, ideas, and creative representations. In the course of
college studies, students can expect to encounter – and critically appraise – materials that may differ
from and perhaps challenge familiar understandings, ideas, and beliefs. Students are encouraged to
discuss these matters with faculty.”
Other:
Additional Instructor Contact Information:
Instructor
Office
Telephone
Dr. Anderson UA: ABC-1, 428 (602) 827-5158
Lynn Lucas
Thierra Nalley
Terry Ritzman
Laura Stroik
Dr. Zack
ASU: LSE B74
(480) 965-9037
Email
trent.anderson@arizona.edu
lmlucas@asu.edu
tknalley@asu.edu
tritzman@asu.edu
lstroik@asu.edu
zack@email.arizona.edu
ARC Standards met by this course:
B1.02
B2.02
NAU DPAS Graduate Competencies met by this course:
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2.03
8.06
10.01
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PHA 500 Human Anatomy
Laboratory Rules and Regulations Regarding Access to the Gross Anatomy Laboratory and the Use of
Human Remains, Signature Page
I have read and understand the Laboratory Rules and Regulations and agree to abide by them:
Print Name: _____________________________________
Signature:
Date:
____________________________________ _
___________________________________________
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