Name____________________________________
Physical Science Review Packet: Put all
answers for the multiple choice on this
page. For the constructed response, put
all answers below each question.
Answers (part 1)
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Base your answers to questions 3 and 4 on
the portion of the Periodic Table of the
Elements shown below and on your
knowledge of science.
The elements fluorine, chlorine, bromine,
and iodine are all found in the same group
(17) on the table.
3.These elements are grouped together
because they
(1) are metals (3) have the same atomic
mass
(2) react in similar ways (4) are noble
gases
4.Water (H2O) is not found on the Periodic
Table of the Elements because water is
(1) an atom (3) a mixture
(2) a liquid (4) a compound
1. A student is trying to dissolve 20 grams
of sugar in a beaker containing 250
milliliters of water at room temperature.
What can the student do to make the sugar
dissolve faster in the water?
(1) decrease the temperature of the water
(2) use larger pieces of sugar
(3) stir rapidly
(4) use less water
5.The diagram below shows what occurs
when a ray of light strikes and enters a
pond.
2.Which energy source is considered
Which property of light is illustrated when
the ray enters the pond?
(1) refraction (3) absorption
(2) reflection (4) emission
nonrenewable?
(1) moving water (3) wind
(2) fossil fuel (4) biomass
6.Compared to the particles in a hardened
lava sample, the particles in a liquid lava
sample
(1) have a lower temperature
(2) have less kinetic energy
(3) are moving faster
(4) are closer together
7.The force of an object, with a certain
mass accelerating at a certain rate, can be
determined by using the equation below.
force = mass x acceleration
Which object would have the greatest
force?
(1) a 5-kg object accelerating at 10 m/s2
(2) a 5-kg object accelerating at 20 m/s2
(3) a 20-kg object accelerating at 4 m/s2
(4) a 20-kg object accelerating at 3 m/s2
8.All matter is made up of particles called
(1) cells (3) atoms
(2) molecules (4) compounds
9.The diagram below shows a bar magnet
resting on top of a piece of white paper.
The north and south poles of the magnet
are labeled N and S.
Points A, B, C, and D represent four
locationsaround the magnet.
If iron filings were sprinkled evenly across
the entire paper circle, at which location
would the greatest concentration of iron
filings be found after 30 seconds?
(1) A (3) C
(2) B (4) D
10.A boy pulls a sweater off over his head.
His hair is attracted to the sweater due to
(1) a magnetic force
(2) a heat transfer
(3) a chemical change
(4) an electrical charge
11 The gravitational force between two
objects depends on the distance between
the objects and each object’s
(1) mass (3) pressure
(2) volume (4) temperature
12.Which diagram best represents
molecules of matter in the solid phase?
13.Which process is an example of a
physical change?
(1) wood burning (3) ice melting
(2) iron rusting (4) milk souring
14.Which statement best describes the
energy changes that occur while a child is
riding on a sled down a steep, snowcovered hill?
(1) Kinetic energy decreases and potential
energy increases.
(2) Kinetic energy increases and potential
energy decreases.
(3) Both potential energy and kinetic
energy decrease.
(4) Both potential energy and kinetic
energy increase.
Base your answers to questions 15 and 16
on the information and diagram below and
on your knowledge of science.
During an experiment, a strip of
magnesium (Mg) metal wrapped around a
nichrome (nonreactive) wire is placed in a
flask. The nichrome wire outside the flask
is insulated. The contents of the flask are
sealed off from the environment with a
rubber stopper. When the nichrome wire is
connected to a battery, an electric current
passes through the wire, causing a white
powder called magnesium oxide (MgO) to
form.
16 The chemical change that occurred in
the flask is most similar to
(1) burning a piece of coal
(2) breaking a piece of wood into many
pieces
(3) freezing water in a container
(4) bending a wire to form a hook
17. The graph below shows the heating
curve for substance X.
At approximately which temperature does
a phase change begin?
(1) −30°C (3) 0°C
(2) −10°C (4) 18°C
18.Which example best demonstrates the
process of conduction?
(1) A piece of paper is torn in half.
(2) Warmed air rises above a lit candle.
(3) A metal spoon gets warm when used to
stir hot soup.
(4) Sunlight brightens a dark room.
19.The diagram below shows a hammer
being used by a person to remove a nail
from a piece of wood.
15.The flask and its contents had a mass of
120 grams before the experiment and a
mass of 120 grams after the experiment.
Which conclusion can best be made from
these measurements?
(1) A phase change took place.
(2) Matter was conserved.
(3) Energy was destroyed.
(4) New elements were formed.
The hammer is being used as which type of
simple machine?
(1) wheel and axle (3) lever
(2) inclined plane (4) pulley
20.When carbon and oxygen combine
chemically, the mass of the product is
(1) greater than the mass of the carbon
plus the mass of the oxygen
(2) equal to the mass of the carbon plus the
mass of the oxygen
(3) equal to the mass of the carbon
(4) less than the mass of the carbon
21.During which phase change is heat
energy absorbed by a substance?
(1) liquid to gas (3) liquid to solid
(2) gas to solid (4) gas to liquid
25.The diagram below shows a student
using a spring scale to pull a wooden block
up a ramp that is resting on a stack of
books.
22.Moving water in a river is considered a
renewable resource because it
(1) carries dissolved oxygen
(2) easily erodes sediments
(3) is made of natural gas
(4) can be recycled by nature over time
Which change would require more force to
pull the wooden block up the ramp?
(1) Have the student use two hands.
(2) Reduce the mass of the wooden block.
(3) Restack the books so the thinnest book
is on the bottom.
(4) Glue sandpaper to the surface of the
ramp.
Base your answer to question 23 on the
information below and on your knowledge
of science.
26.The diagram below shows a bar
magnet. Points A, B, C, and D are locations
on the magnet.
A baseball strikes the roof of a car and
dents it. The paint on the roof begins to
crack and chip, exposing the metal. The
exposed metal on the roof rusts, eventually
causing a small hole in the roof.
23. Which event is a chemical change?
(1) The baseball strikes the roof.
(2) The roof of the car dents.
(3) The paint cracks and chips.
(4) The exposed metal rusts.
24. Water at 20°C in an uncovered pan is
evaporating very slowly. What could be
done to the water to make it evaporate
more quickly?
(1) Cover it.
(2) Heat it.
(3) Place it in the dark.
(4) Put salt in it.
Which position on the bar magnet would
have the strongest attraction to the north
pole of another bar magnet?
(1) A (3) C
(2) B (4) D
27.The diagram below shows a Bunsen
burner heating a beaker of water on a
beaker stand. The arrows represent the
transfer of heat energy in the water.
Base your answers to questions 30 and 31
on the graph below, which shows the
solubility (amount that will dissolve in 100
grams of water) of three substances
at various water temperatures.
Which process is primarily responsible for
the transfer of heat indicated by the arrows
in the beaker of water?
(1) conduction (3) radiation
(2) convection (4) condensation
28.Which object represents a simple
machine?
29. Which scientific model could be used to
predict the properties of an element?
(1) closed loop system
(2) Punnett square
(3) Periodic Table
(4) water cycle chart
30.Which statement is a correct
interpretation of the data in the graph?
(1) As water temperature increases,
solubility decreases.
(2) As water temperature increases,
solubility increases.
(3) As water temperature increases,
solubility increases and then decreases.
(4) As water temperature increases,
solubility decreases and then increases.
31.As the water temperature is increased
from 30°C to 70°C, how many more grams
of substance A will dissolve in 100 grams
of water?
(1) 20 g (3) 50 g
(2) 40 g (4) 90 g
32.City administrators can encourage
energy conservation by
(1) lowering parking fees
(2) building larger parking lots
(3) decreasing the cost of gasoline
(4) lowering the cost of bus and subway
fares
33.The diagram below shows a light ray.
In this diagram, the light ray is being
(1) transmitted (3) reflected
(2) absorbed (4) refracted
34.The picture below shows a ringing bell
inside a vacuum jar.
36.A common characteristic of sound
waves is that they
(1) are created by vibrations
(2) travel in straight lines toward the
source
(3) travel fastest through empty space
(4) move at the speed of light
37.Energy from the Sun reaches Earth
mainly by the process of
(1) conduction (3) reflection
(2) convection (4) radiation
38.The illustration below shows a student
approaching the door to a building.
As air is pumped from the vacuum jar, the
sound level of the ringing bell will decrease
until it can no longer be heard. This
happens because air must be present in
the jar in order for
(1) sound to be transferred
(2) electricity to flow through the wires
(3) the rubber to seal the jar
(4) the bell clanger to vibrate
35.The diagram below shows two dogs
pulling on a rope with constant but unequal
forces.
In which compass direction will both dogs
most likely move?
(1) east (3) north
(2) west (4) south
Which two simple machines are being used
to enable the student to reach the door?
(1) inclined plane and pulley
(2) lever and wheel-and-axle
(3) pulley and lever
(4) wheel-and-axle and inclined plane
39.Which graph correctly shows the effect
of heat energy on the motion of molecules
of matter?
41. A television set changes electrical
energy to sound and light energy. In this
process, some energy is
(1) created (3) changed to matter
(2) destroyed (4) changed to heat
42.A substance has a freezing point of –
38°C and a boiling point of 356°C. At what
temperature would this substance be in its
liquid state?
(1) –100°C (3) 80°C
(2) –50°C (4) 375°C
43.Some common substances and their
chemical formulas are listed in the chart
below.
Which of these substances are elements?
(1) hydrochloric acid and carbonic acid
(2) carbon dioxide and water
(3) oxygen and helium
(4) water and oxygen
44.A wet shirt is put on a clothesline to dry
on a sunny day. The shirt dries because
water molecules
(1) gain heat energy and condense
(2) gain heat energy and evaporate
(3) lose heat energy and condense
(4) lose heat energy and evaporate
40. Plastic is used to cover the copper
wires in the power cords of appliances
because plastic differs from copper in
(1) density
(2) hardness
(3) phase at room temperature
(4) electrical conductivity
Base your answers to questions 45 through 46 on the diagram below and on your knowledge
of science. The diagram shows a model of the water cycle.
45. Explain why the level of the muddy water will decrease slightly if the model is left in a
sunny location for several days.
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46. What water cycle process is represented by the drops of clean water falling into the
glass?
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47.The diagram below shows the formation of two water molecules.
How many atoms combined to form the two water molecules? _________ atoms
48.The diagram below shows a sugar cube that has been placed in a container of water. The
sugar cube will dissolve in the water.
Describe two ways to make this sugar cube dissolve more quickly in the water.
(1) ____________________________________________________________________________________
(2) ____________________________________________________________________________________
Base your answers to questions 49 and 50 on the diagram below and on your knowledge of
science. The diagram shows a sequence of events. The ball and ring are made of the same
metal.
49. Describe what can be done so that the metal ball will again go through the ring.
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50.State the relationship between the temperature of the metal ball and the speed of the
molecules moving in the ball.
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Base your answers to questions 51 and 52 on the diagram below and on your knowledge of
science. The diagram shows wind turbines that are used to generate electricity.
51. Describe one advantage (other than cost) of using wind turbines rather than burning
fossil fuels to produce electricity.
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52.Describe one disadvantage (other than cost) of using wind turbines rather than burning
fossil fuels to produce electricity.
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53.The diagram below shows a light bulb, battery, and switch connected by wires.
Explain why the light bulb is not lit when the switch is in the position shown.
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Base your answers to questions 54 through 56 on the data table below, which shows the
maximum mass of ammonium chloride that can be dissolved in 100 grams of water at various
temperatures.
54. Construct a line graph on the grid below. Use an X to plot the maximum mass of
ammonium chloride that can be dissolved in 100 grams of water at each water temperature
shown in the data table. Connect the Xs with a line.
55.What is the maximum mass of ammonium chloride that can be dissolved in 100 grams of
water at a temperature of 70°C? ___________ grams
56. State the relationship between water temperature and the maximum mass of ammonium
chloride that can be dissolved in 100 grams of water?
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Base your answers to questions 57 through 59 on the information and diagrams below and
on your knowledge of science.
Figure A shows a beaker containing water, sand, and salt. The salt is totally dissolved
in the water. Figure B shows the contents of the beaker being poured through filter paper
in a funnel over a flask. Figure C shows the same flask after sitting at room temperature
for 15 days. After 15 days, the flask contains only solid salt particles.
57. Identify the soluble material, the insoluble material, and the solvent in the beaker in figure
A.
Soluble material:____________________________________
Insoluble material:____________________________________
Solvent:____________________________________
58.Explain why the contents of the flask in figure B are classified as a mixture.
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59.Explain why only solid salt particles remain in the flask in figure C.
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Base your answers to questions 60 and 61 on the diagram below and on your knowledge of
science. The diagram shows a glass partially filled with water and ice cubes.
60 Explain why water droplets have formed on the outside of the glass.
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61 What evidence in the diagram indicates that ice has a lower density than water?
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Base your answers to questions 62 and 63 on the information below and on your knowledge
of science. The diagram shows a person observing a thunderstorm located several
kilometers away. The person hears the thunder several seconds after seeing the lightning.
62 Identify a form of energy, other than light and sound, that is often present during a
thunderstorm.
____________________________________
63. Explain how sound travels through the air to the observer.
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64.The diagram below shows an activity performed by a student in a classroom.
Complete the chart below by identifying one phase change that is occurring at each location.