SVHS LAB BIOLOGY
2015/2016
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF DNA
UNIT OUTCOMES:
(Chapter 10 DNA)
A) Describe the role of DNA in all cells and why it is so important that an exact copy of the DNA is passed on
to every new cell when cell reproduction occurs in an organism.
(Pages 193 & 200)
B) Describe the structure of DNA. Name all molecules that are main components of the DNA molecule and draw
a simple diagram to represent the DNA molecules structure and overall shape.
(Pages 196-199)
C) Describe how the DNA molecule is replicated such that two identical copies result. Use a diagram to help
your explanation.
(Pages 200-202)
D) Using a diagram, explain the process of "transcription" as it occurs in the nucleus. Describe the purpose for
this process.
(Pages 206-207)
E) Be able to explain how genetic engineering is used to produce biomedical and agricultural products (239-252)
F) Be able to explain how mutation may or may not affect the expression of the gene
(239-240)
VOCABULARY LIST:
UNIT SCHEDULE:
Deoxyribose
Transcription
Purine Pyrimidine
Helicase
Protein synthesis
Translation
Replication
mRNA tRNA
Codon
rRNA
Tues 1/5
Discussion:
Homework:
Introduction to genetics: DVD
Objective A, cover sheet for Genetics unit. Read 196-199
Wed 1/6
Discussion:
Lab:
Homework:
DNA structure
DNA structure worksheet
Read pages 200-204. Sec Rev 10-1, begin vocabulary cards
Fri 1/8
Discussion:
DNA replication
Quiz: DNA structure
Lab:
DNA origami
Homework:
Complete origami, Sec Rev 10-2, Objective B, study for quiz
Tues 1/12
Discussion:
RNA structure and function and transcription. (Pages 204-206)
Lab:
DNA Extraction Lab - Strawberry
Homework: complete lab questions, vocabulary cards, Objective C
Wed 1/13
VOCAB QUIZ
Discussion:
RNA transcription and translation. (Pages 207-210)
Homework:
Objective D
Fri 1/15
Discussion: Protein synthesis
Lab:
Transcription and translation worksheet
Homework:
Read pages 207-210, Sec Rev 10-3
Mon 1/18
Wed 1/20 (block)
Martin Luther King Day- school holiday
Project: DNA “face” project
Lab: work on project
HW: Complete transcribing DNA into RNA- fill out DNA codon sheet
Sec Rev 10-4
(more on back)
Fri 1/22
Project work day- complete DNA project, questions, and portrait
Homework: Read 239-252, work on Study Guide . Objective E
Tues 1/26
Discussion:
Bioethics:
Homework
Wed 1/27
TEST - STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF DNA/ IANB check
Control of gene expression
arguing a case for or against genetic engineering
Sec Rev 11-1, Objective F, complete Study Guide
Prepare IANB
SVHS LAB BIOLOGY
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF DNA SELF STUDY GUIDE
1) From chapter 10 pages 196-199 titled "Structure of DNA" be able to
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
F)
G)
H)
I)
J)
K)
L)
Explain the two basic functions of DNA.
Explain the two main roles that proteins play in living organisms.
Name the monomer that makes up the polymers known as DNA and RNA.
Describe the three molecules that make up a nucleotide.
Name the two molecules that make up the side of the DNA molecule.
Name the four types of bases found in DNA.
Give the name that describes the twisted ladder shape of the DNA molecule.
Name the two men who discovered the shape or structure of DNA.
Name the woman who first took pictures using X-Rays of the DNA molecule.
Name the type of bond that connects the bases together in the center of the DNA.
Explain why adenine always bonds to thymine and guanine to cytosine.
Explain where the "code" or message lies in the DNA molecule for the proteins.
2) From chapter 10 pages 200-202 titled "DNA Replication", be able to
A)
B)
C)
D)
Give the term that describes DNA making a duplicate of itself.
Describe how the DNA molecule replicates itself.
Describe the role of DNA helicase and DNA polymerase, the two enzymes involved in this process.
Explain why the correct bases always find their way into position so that the two new
molecules are exactly like the original molecule of DNA.
E) Explain where the extra DNA nucleotides come from that make the new molecules.
F) Explain whether the new molecules are composed of 2 new strands, 2 old strands, or one old and one
new strand. Why?
G) Explain if replication occurs from one end to another or does it occur in many places
simultaneously.
3) From the chapter 10 pages 204-206 titled "Protein Synthesis", be able to
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
F)
G)
H)
Explain the primary function of RNA.
Describe the three differences between RNA and DNA.
Name and give a brief function of the three types of DNA.
Explain what the process called "transcription" accomplishes.
Explain the reason that mRNA is transcribed from the DNA base sequence.
Explain where the mRNA molecule goes after it has been completed.
Name the enzyme that produce the mRNA molecule.
Explain how the message for a protein in the DNA is carried in the mRNA molecule.
4) From chapter 10 pages 207-210 titled “The Genetic Code", be able to
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
F)
G)
H)
I)
Describe how proteins differ from each other.
Describe what determines the structural and functional characteristics of the protein.
Explain what a "codon" is and what it codes for.
Describe what is meant by "start" and "stop" codons on the mRNA molecule.
Explain what is meant by saying the codon is "universal".
Explain what the process called "translation" accomplishes.
Describe the role of tRNA in the process called translation.
Explain the reason for an "anticodon" on the tRNA molecule.
Describe what is meant by the term "gene".