Article
Research question
Methods
1. Ultrasound in
treatment of
ankle sprains
Is ultrasound
effective in the
treatment for
strains of the
lateral ligament of
the ankle?
2. Randomized
controlled study
of ultrasound
therapy
To determine the
efficacy of a fixed
dose of ultrasound
energy to treat
acute lateral
ligament sprains of
the ankle joint.
Patients with
a history of
ankle injuries
within the
previous 48
hours were
randomly
allocated into
2 groups.
Group 1
received ice
packs,
exercise of
the ankle
joint and
ultrasound
therapy.
Group 2
received
similar
treatment but
excluded
ultrasound
therapy.
Patients
randomly
assigned to
either
ultrasound
therapy or
placebo.
Results/Conclusions Alternate
Treatments
No significant
Early exercise,
difference between ice packs and
the two groups
walking as a
implies that
home
ultrasound
physiotherapy
treatment does not program
hasten recovery.
Early exercise, ice
packs and walking
does not require
the addition of
ultrasound.
Pain
Swelling
Range of
Motion
Patients in both
groups showed less
pain, reduction in
swelling and
improvement in
dorsiflexion within
a few days. There
was no significant
Pain was
measured
using a 10cm linear
visual
analogue
score.
Patients in
Tape
measurements
of the ankle
were used to
determine
swelling.
Swelling
reduced in
Range of
ankle
movement
used to
assess
mobility. A
fluid-filled
goniometer
difference between
those that received
ultrasound and
those that did not.
3. Ultrasound
therapy in the
management of
acute lateral
ligament sprains
of ankle joint
To determine the
efficacy of
ultrasound
treatment in the
management of
acute lateral
ligament sprains of
the ankle joint.
Patients were
randomly
divided into 3
groups: active
ultrasound
treatment
group,
placebo
ultrasound
and no
ultrasound.
Those
receiving
active and
placebo
treatment
were carried
out for the
same
duration and
same level of
frequency.
The active
Pain, swelling,
range of motion
and postural
stability
significantly
improved in all
three treatment
groups with no
significant
differences
between the active
and placebo
ultrasound groups
with no ultrasound.
At the dose and
duration used in
this study,
ultrasound therapy
is not effective in
the management of
acute lateral
ligament sprains of
the ankle joint.
Ice packs,
Tubigrip and
early exercise
are less
expensive but
still effective
forms of
treatment.
both groups
showed less
pain on days
2 and 3.
both groups.
Although
pain reduced
greatly,
there was no
significant
difference
between
active and
placebo
ultrasound
groups.
Although
swelling
reduced
greatly, there
was no
significant
difference
between
active and
placebo
ultrasound
groups.
was used to
record
dorsiflexion
and plantar
flexion. There
was a great
improvement
in
dorsiflexion
in both
groups.
Although
range of
motion
increased,
there was no
significant
difference
between
active and
placebo
ultrasound
groups.
4. A
Quantitative
Comparative
Assessment of
Immediate
Response to
High Frequency
Ultrasound and
Low Frequency
To compare the
relative efficacy of
high frequency
ultrasound and low
frequency
ultrasound in the
treatment of acute
ankle sprains.
ultrasound
machine has
emitter
switched on
and the
placebo has
the emitter
switched off.
Patients were
unable to
distinguish if
the machine
was on or
not. All 3
groups were
advised to
apply ice
packs to
injuries for
the same
amount of
time as well
as perform
similar
exercises.
Patients were
randomly
divided into 3
different
frequency
groups, all
using
ultrasound
therapy: high
Results illustrated
that the group
treated with low
frequency therapy
showed a much
greater
improvement in
recovery compared
to the other two
Long-wave
therapy
significantly
increased
range of
motion
compared to
high
frequency
Ultrasound
5. The Use of
Therapeutic
Ultrasound by
Physical
Therapists
To investigate the
beneficial effect of
ultrasound on the
healing of soft
tissues.
frequency,
low frequency
and placebo
low
frequency.
Other
treatment
conditions
were the
same for all
groups.
Patients were
separated
into groups
depending on
whether they
have received
ultrasound at
least once
during their
treatment
(ultrasound
group). Those
not treated
with
ultrasound
formulated
the second
group. Both
were under
observation
during
recovery
period and
groups. Low
frequency
ultrasound was
more effective
because it emitted
longer sonic wave
lengths, triggering
an immediate
physiological action
of recovery.
Results indicated
there was no
significant
difference between
the recovery of
those receiving
ultrasound therapy
and those who did
not.
ultrasound.
Exercise is
usually used
with
ultrasound
therapy.
Ultrasound
therapy is
used for pain
reduction.
Ultrasound
therapy
reduces
swelling.
Ultrasound
therapy does
not
significantly
increase
range of
motion.
6. Dynamic
Ankle
Ultrasonography
A New Imaging
Technique for
Acute Ankle
Ligament
Injuries
Investigated the
efficacy of
noninvasive
ultrasound
technique to be
used to
differentiate
complete acute
tears of the
ligament in the
ankle.
received
similar
treatment,
excluding the
use of
ultrasound.
Seventeen
patients with
acute lateral
ankle
ligament
injuries
received
ultrasound
within seven
days of injury.
Results indicated
the severity of
ankle injuries by
expressing tears,
inflammation and
swelling through
images. Sonograms
from therapy
demonstrated to be
a reliable form of
examination.
There was an
improvement
in range of
motion after
using
ultrasound
therapy.