Describe the changes in American demographics between 1820 and 1860?
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Germans and Irish immigrants started to migrate greatly
The issue with female shortage was some-what resolved
Most Southerners moved to the west or North
The north began to become an industrialized region
The life span of the average person grew very high compared to when the colonies were first
established
To what extent did the Erie Canal and the early railroads change America?
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The Erie Canal transformed America by supplying all of its regions the supplies that were not able
to be produced in those specific regions. The canals were very useful took less time than the
steam boats and also the roads of course
The railroads altered America by connecting all of the regions or areas together. Before they were
not linked since canals cannot be made in all areas. Also railroads soon were a source of
transportation for citizens and also for the produce that were demanded by other regions
What is an Industrial Revolution? Identify and describe the 3 most important advancements of
communication and technology during the Industrial Revolution of mid-19th century America.
The Industrial Revolution is a major change in agriculture, manufacturing, mining, transport, and
technology in a geographic region that results in more industries, more commercialization and changes in
the culture of a region.
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Telegraph-linked distant cities, but reinforced the separation between the North and South.
Railroads- eventually became the primary transportation of U.S. replacing canals and other forms
of transportation. It also helped weaken the connection between the Northwest and South by it
decreasing the West's dependence on Mississippi.
Steam Cylinder rotary press- helped make newspapers quickly and more newspapers in the
Northeast than South fueled sectional discord between the two regions,
In what ways did business, industry, and labor change in the middle of the 19th century?
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Capitalist economy
An advanced industry that used water powered machines.
The economy created enormous wealth
Led to cheap labor from immigrants. Shifted from native workforce to immigrant workforce b/c
immigrants were cheaper and had less leverage than women.
Why did the Northeast and Northwest become more interdependent while the South became more
isolated during the 1840s and 1850s.
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The rail roads and canals that were funded by the gov did not help build in the South as well.
The industries were very attractive to workers and immigrants.
Most settlers set out for the west or north to find better jobs and a better life possible.
The Northeast started to prosper due the great amount of industries and factories
Describe women’s roles in society during the middle of the 19th century – make sure to
compare the Cult of Domesticity to Republican Motherhood.
Women in mid 19th century had little to no rights and were dominated by the male figures in their life
(Husband, father). It was also very rare to see the education of women.
Cult of Domesticity
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Women would teach kids morality+ religion.
The home was a refuge from the competitive marketplace.
This way of life left women detached to the public world and allowed women = to focus on material
comfort and "womens values."
Republican Motherhood
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The concept before, during and after the industrial revolution that a mother's role was to promote
republicanism in their child and raise ideal citizens of the U.S.
Women became more respected through the necessity for them in the family structures.
Women were more educated because if they weren't educated then they couldn't raise civilized,
intelligent, patriotic children.