Chemistry Review for 36-Week (Final) Assessment 2013 – 14
Name ________________________________________________________________MOD:_______
SAFETY:
1. What is the purpose of wearing goggles when working in the lab?
2. When should you wear goggles in the lab?
3a. How should you protect your feet when working in the lab?
3b.What kind of footwear is not appropriate when working in the lab?
5a. You can check an MSDS if you need information about the potential hazards of a
chemical.
5b. What does MSDS stand for?
5c. What symbol on an MSDS would be a warning that a chemical is acidic?
5d. What symbol on an MSDS would be a warning that a chemical is caustic?
5e. What symbol on an MSDS would be a warning that a chemical is flammable?
6. There are many pieces of lab equipment in the lab. Find the following and write
the purpose of each piece of equipment.
6a. Erlenmeyer flask
6b. Ring stand
6c. Thermometer
6d. Beaker
6e. Bunsen burner
6f. Test tube rack
6g. Test tube holder
6h. Graduated cylinder
6i. Balance
6j. Test tube
7. There is a simple rhyme that helps us remember whether we should add acid to
water or we should add water to acid.
It is “add ___________ to ___________, like you ‘ought – er’ “.
8a. Demonstrate and then describe the correct way to hold a test tube when you are
heating a substance that is in the test tube.
8b. Explain why you should hold the test tube that way (referring to question
number 8a).
Matter, Energy & Change:
9. Define the following terms
9a. Mass –
9b. Weight –
9c. Volume –
9d. Density –
9e. Write the equation for determining the density of a material when you
know the mass and volume of the material.
9f. What is the density of material that has a mass of 12.6 grams and a
volume of 25.2 cm3 ?
9g. In terms of density, why does wood float on water?
10. What is a physical change?
11. What is chemical change?
12. Identify each of the following as a chemical change or a physical change:
Milk going sour
CC
PC
Sanding wood
CC
PC
Oxidizing silver (tarnishing)
CC
PC
Wood burning
CC
PC
Ice melts
CC
PC
Gasoline evaporates (vaporization of gasoline)
CC
PC
13. To find the mass of salt crystals, you would need to put the salt in a container,
such as a weigh boat.
 Using a balance, you would find the mass of the weigh boat.
 Then you would add the salt crystals to the weigh boat and weigh the salt and
boat together.
 By subtracting, you could then find the mass of the salt crystals.
Use the following data to find the mass of some salt crystals.
Mass of the weigh boat
Mass of the weigh boat and the salt
5.00 grams
34.00 grams
Mass of the salt crystals
__________ grams
?
14a. What are the 4 states of matter?
_____________
_____________
_____________
____________
14b. Which state of matter has a definite volume and an indefinite shape?
14c. Which state of matter has a definite volume and a definite shaper?
15. Give 3 examples of quantitative measurements. (think “quantitative/quantity
[number-based]”)
16. Give 3 examples of qualitative measurements.
[description]”)
(think “qualitative/quality
17. Describe the correct way to read the volume of a liquid in a graduated cylinder
(think “meniscus”).
Atomic Structure:
18. Describe the location (nucleus or electron cloud), mass ( 1 amu or negligible)
and charge ( positive, negative or neutral) of a proton, a neutron and an electron.
(Draw Picture if it helps.)
19. Use the process of elimination to answer the following question.
Neutrons and protons are made up of:
A. Nothing
B. Quarks
C. Shells
D. Electrons
20. Elements are placed on the periodic table in order of their __________________.
21. What separates metals and non-metals on the periodic table?
22. Which group(s) (or family[ies]) on the periodic table are:
a. the alkali metal?
b. the alkali earth metals?
c. the halogens?
d. the Nobel gases?
e. the transition metals?
23. In terms of electron arrangement, which group is chemically un-reactive due to a
full outside shell?
24. Which family makes ions with a charge of +1 ?
25. Which family makes ions with a charge of -1?
26. Which family makes ions with a charge of +2
27. Follow the numbers in the boxes of the elements in one period as you trace
across the periodic table. What do you notice about the changes in the atomic
number as you go across the period?
28. Follow the numbers in the boxes of the elements in one group as you trace down
the group. What do you notice about the changes in the atomic mass as you go
down the group?
29. Use your flashcards or periodic table to review the names and symbols of the
elements that you are responsible to know.
30. What is the name of NaCl?
31. What is the name of CaO?
32. What is the name of Li2O?
33. What is the formula for the compound that is formed by Ca+2 and Cl-1 .
34. What is the formula for the compound that is formed by Mg+2 and Br-1 .
35. Which of the following are polyatomic ions (circle all that apply).
NH4+1
Ca2+
PO4-3
NO31-
36. Formulas show how many of each kind of atom are in a compound. For the
following compound (named aluminum acetate), how many of each kind of atom are
there?
Al(C2H3O2)3
Al _____
C _____
H _____
O _____
37. Remember that the term “gram formula weight” describes what it is.
meant by gram formula weight?
What is
38. Remembering that, find the gram formula weight of aluminum hydroxide,
Al(OH)3 .
39. For aluminum hydroxide (see the question above) calculate the % composition
for oxygen, hydrogen and aluminum.
40. Balance the following equation.
Ag +
O2

Ag2O
41. In a chemical reaction, reactants change to make new products. Is it correct to
say that is a properties change in a chemical reaction?
42. Using the equation in question #47, identify the reactant and the product sides
of the equation.
43. Describe and give an example of a synthesis reaction.
44. A synthesis reaction can also be called a _________________ reaction.
45. Describe and give an example of a decomposition reaction.
46. Describe and give an example of a single replacement reaction.
47. Describe and give an example of a double replacement reaction.
48. Describe and give an example of a combustion reaction.
49. What three temperature scales are you familiar with?
50. What is the freezing point of water on those three temperature scales?
51. What is the boiling point of water on those three temperature scales?
52. Why is it important to specify that you are giving the freezing or boiling point of
water and not simply the freezing or boiling point ?
53. What temperature scale is used when solving problems involving gases?
54. Suppose you have a gas in a closed, flexible container. If you change increase
the pressure on the container what will happen to the volume?
55. Consider the statement: If the pressure goes up then the volume goes down.
Does that describe a direct or an indirect relationship? Explain the reason for your
answer.
56. What will happen to the volume of gas in a flexible container (like a balloon) if
the pressure is increased?
57. What will happen to the volume of a gas in a flexible container (like a balloon) if
the pressure is decreased?
58. You are a resident of Hunterdon County and should be able to explain why hot
air balloons inflate and float when the gas inside is heated. Please explain now!
59. Working with gases, there is a relationship between pressure and volume. If you
use the unit of atmospheres for the pressure and liters for volume, the relationship is
very easy. If the pressure is doubled then the volume is cut in half.
So, if the pressure on 4 liters of gas is doubled from 1 atmosphere to 2 atmosphere
(notice that the pressure has doubled), what will be the new volume?
60. In the universal gas law, what does R represent?
61. A metal and a non-metal form a(n) ________ ________ when they come together.
62. Atoms are electrically neutral because there are an equal number of positive
protons and negative electrons.
How many electrons are in an atom of:
Sodium?
Oxygen?
Potassium?
Aluminum?
Bromine?
63. What is meant by “electron configuration.”
64. When some metallic salts are heated a specific color of light is given off. Why
does this happen?
65. Which of the following are properties of compounds that have covalent bonds?
Conducts electricity
low melting point
high solubility
transfer of electrons
66. Define solute.
67. Define solvent.
68. Can a solute be a gas? Give an example.
69. Can a solute be a liquid? Give an example.
70. Can a solute be a solid? Give an example.
71. Describe a super saturated solution.
72. Is it possible to make a super saturated hold any more solute? If yes, then how?
73. What is the difference between a dilute solution and a concentrated solution?
74. Water will boil at 100 degrees Celsius if the air pressure is 1 atmosphere. Will the
boiling point of a salt water solution be higher or lower than 100 degrees?
75. How can you lower the freezing point of water?
76. When acids and bases are added together, two products form. What are those
products?
77. Why is the reaction between and acid and a base sometimes called a
neutralization reaction?
78. Which of the following are acidic?
Water, soap (lye), vinegar, lemon juice, ammonia
79. Which of the following are basic?
Water, soap (lye), vinegar, lemon juice, ammonia
80. Acid rain can be caused by several different pollutants. Of the following
pollutants, which one causes the most destructive (worst) acid rain?
Radon (Rn), carbon dioxide (CO2), oxygen (O2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), ozone (O3)
81. Describe the basic difference between nuclear fusion and nuclear fission.
82. Of the elements listed, which one is most often used in nuclear fission reactors?
Sulfur, radon, uranium, silver, gold, cadmium, tellurium
83. We use nuclear fission to generated heat to produce electricity. How does this
happen? How is the heat energy transformed into electricity?
84. What is the main problem we currently have with using nuclear energy to
generate electricity (the main problem is not the possibility of an accident in the
nuclear power plant).
85.
A chemist studies _______________________________________________
A biologist studies _______________________________________________
A mathematician studies __________________________________________
A physicist studies _______________________________________________
86. Who is known as “The father of the Periodic Table”?
87. Who discovered that the nucleus is the dense, positively charged center of an
atom?
88. There are several sub-categories of chemistry? Describe the following:
Organic chemistry _____________________________________________________
Physical chemistry _____________________________________________________
Nuclear chemistry ______________________________________________________
Electrochemistry _______________________________________________________
89. List several (5 or more) jobs that are available to a person with a degree in
chemistry.
90. Define: enthothermic
Define: exothermic
91. What is melting?
92. What is boiling
93. What is condensing?
94. What is vaporizing?
95. What is meant by “phase change”?
96. In terms of warmer objects and cooler objects, which way does heat energy flow?
97. Draw and label a phase change graph for water. Label the axes, label the phases
. . . . draw and label the graph as completely as you can.