PROPOSAL FOR THE INSTITUTION OF VDIM 351
VETERINARY REPRODUCTIVE ULTRASONOGRAPHY
I. IDENTIFYING AND DESCRIPTIVE INFORMATION
A. Course Catalogue Description
1. Course number:
VDIM 351
2. Course Title:
Veterinary Reproductive Ultrasonography
3. Course Description: Application of diagnostic ultrasound for reproduction in animals
4. Prerequisite:
VSUR 154 or COI
5. Semesters offered: 2nd semester
5. Course credit:
3 units
6. Number of hours:
5 hours a week (2 class, 3 lab)
7. Course goal:
For the student to apply ultrasonography in the diagnosis of
pregnancy and reproductive diseases and disorders of animals.
B. Rationale
In the Philippines, examination of animals for pregnancy and reproductive disorders has
traditionally relied on rectal palpation in large animals and abdominal examination and
radiography in small animals, supplemented with laboratory examinations. However, in other
countries, diagnostic ultrasound or ultrasonography has already been widely used as a tool
for examination of pregnancy and diagnosis of diseases and disorders of the reproductive
organs. With the popularity of low-cost ultrasound equipment, veterinarians are now
becoming increasingly aware of the benefits of ultrasonography in disease diagnosis. In the
Philippines, however, very few veterinarians are equipped with both the knowledge and
skills in pregnancy diagnosis and examination of reproductive disorders using
ultrasonography. The course aims to equip the students on the applications of
ultrasonography for early detection of pregnancy and evaluation of diseases and disorders
of reproductive organs in animals.
C. Course Outline
1. Specific Course Objectives: Upon completion of the course, the student should be
able to:
a. Discuss the ultrasound features of reproductive organs in animals;
b. Apply ultrasonography for pregnancy diagnosis in animals; and
c. Interpret ultrasonograms for diagnosis of reproductive diseases and disorders of
animals.
2. Course Content:
Lecture Topics
1. Overview of diagnostic ultrasonography
1.1. Principles of ultrasonography
1.2. Comparison between ultrasonography and radiography
2. Ultrasonography in the horse
2.1. Female reproductive organs
2.2. Fetus
2.3 Male reproductive organs
2.4 Reproductive disorders
3. Ultrasonography in cattle
2.1. Female reproductive organs
No. of hours
2
2
2
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
2.2. Fetus
2.3 Male reproductive organs
2.4 Reproductive disorders
Ultrasonography in buffaloes
2.1. Female reproductive organs
2.2. Fetus
2.3 Male reproductive organs
2.4 Reproductive disorders
Ultrasonography in sheep and goats
2.1. Female reproductive organs
2.2. Fetus
2.3 Male reproductive organs
2.4 Reproductive disorders
Ultrasonography in dogs and cats
2.1. Female reproductive organs
2.2. Fetus
2.3 Male reproductive organs
2.4 Reproductive disorders
Ultrasonography in pigs
2.1. Female reproductive organs
2.2. Fetus
2.3 Male reproductive organs
2.4 Reproductive disorders
Ultrasonography in exotic and laboratory animals
2.1. Female reproductive organs
2.2. Fetus
2.3 Male reproductive organs
2.4 Reproductive disorders
Examinations
2
2
2
2
2
TOTAL
2
32
Laboratory:
Exercise No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
10
Title
Equipment for ultrasonography
Guidelines for ultrasonography of the reproductive
tract
Ultrasonography of the equine reproductive tract
Ultrasonography of the bovine reproductive tract
Ultrasonography of the bubaline reproductive tract
Ultrasonography of the ovine reproductive tract
Ultrasonography of the caprine reproductive tract
Ultrasonography of the porcine reproductive tract
Ultrasonography of the canine reproductive tract
Ultrasonography of the feline reproductive tract
Ultrasonography of the reproductive tract in
laboratory animals
Examination
TOTAL
No. of Meetings
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
16
3. Course requirements:
Examinations, Quizzes, Exercises and Case Report
4. References
Books
Barr F. 1990. Diagnostic ultrasound in the dog and cat. London: Blackwell Scientific
Publications.
Bushong SC and Archer BR. 1991. Diagnostic Ultrasound: Physics, Biology and
Instrumentation. St. Louis: Mosby-Year Book, Inc.
England G. 2005. Fertility and Obstetrics in the Horse (3rd ed). Blackwell Publishing.
Farrow CS. 2003. Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging in the Dog and Cat. St. Louis,
Missouri: Mosby, Inc.
Fleischer AC and James AE. 1989. Diagnostic Sonography: Principles and Clinical
Applications. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Co.
Kähn W. 2004. Veterinary Reproductive Ultrasonography. Hannover: Schlütersche
Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co.
Kealy JK and McAllister H. 2000. Diagnostic Radiology and Ultrasonography of the
Dog and Cat, 3rd ed. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Company.
Mattoon JS. 1995. Veterinary Diagnostic Ultrasound. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders
Co.
Lamb CR. 1994. Diagnostic Imaging of the Dog and Cat. England: Mosby-Year
Book Europe Limited.
Lutz H and Meudt R. 1984. Manual of Ultrasound. New York: Springer-Verlag.
Kustritz MVR. 2003. Small Animal Theriogenology. St. Louis, Missouri: Elsevier
Science.
Mannion P. 2006. Diagnostic Ultrasound in Small Animal Practice. Blackwell
Publishing Company.
Morel MCGD. 2003. Equine Reproductive Physiology, Breeding and Stud
Management (2nd ed). Wallingford, CABI Publishing.
Noakes DE, Parkinson TJ and England GCW (eds.). 2011. Arthur’s Veterinary
Reproduction and Obstetrics. England: Elsevier Limited.
Nyland TG and Mattoon JS. 1995. Veterinary Diagnostic Ultrasound. Philadelphia:
W.B. Saunders Company.
Journals
American Journal of Veterinary Research
Equine Veterinary Journal
Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine
Philippine Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences
Philippine Journal of Veterinary Medicine
The Japanese Journal of Veterinary Research
The Japanese Journal of Veterinary Science
Veterinary Diagnostic Ultrasound
Veterinary Radiology
Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound
II. ANALYTICAL INFORMATION
A. Instructional Model
1. Teaching Method:
Type of session
Preferred
class size
Staff
required
No. of hours per
week
No. of credits
Lecture (relay)
Laboratory
5-10
5-10
3
1
2
3
2. Mode of Delivery: Lecture and Laboratory
B. Special or Additional Resources and Personnel Requirements
1. Special Facilities: Existing
2. Library and other learning resources: Existing
3. Special staff competencies required: None
4. Names of staff qualified to teach part(s) of the course:
From the College of Veterinary Medicine
Jezie A. Acorda, PhD Large Animal Surgery
Rio John T. Ducusin, PhD Ruminant Medicine
Eduardo B. Torres, PhD Theriogenology
Conrado A. Valdez, PhD Theriogenology
From other units in the University
College of Agriculture:
Antonio A. Rayos, PhD Theriogenology
Jose Arceo N. Bautista, PhD Theriogenology
C. Relation to Other Courses:
1. Offered by the Department
a. Course replaced by this course: None
b. Prerequisite course: VSUR 154 or COI
c. Course for which this course is a prerequisite: None
d. Course containing similar content: VSUR 154 (5%), VSUR 254 (10%)
2. Offered by Other Departments: None
D. Size and Source of Enrollment
1. Department majors: 3-5
2. Majors in other departments, curricula, or college: 3-5
3. Anticipated enrollment in first and second years of offering: 12-20
E. Estimated Funds Required by the Institution of this Course:
1. Salaries: None
2. Supplies and materials: Php10,000
Books and journals (PHP 10,000)
3. Equipments: Existing
F. Proposed Laboratory fee: Php: 3,800
Breakdown of laboratory fees (for 5-6 students):
Item
Quantity & Unit cost
Cost (PhP)
Tissue paper
PHP 100/pack x 5 packs
500
Ultrasound gel
PHP 1000/gallon x 2 gallons 2,000
Thermal paper
PHP 1000/roll x 5 rolls
5,000
Shaving blade
PHP 15/pc. x 100 pcs =
1,500
Rental fee” or depreciation cost of PHP 200/hr x 45 hrs
9,000
the ultrasound machine
Miscellaneous supplies (soap,
1,000
brush, etc.)
Total
19,000
PhP 19,000/5 students ;PhP 3,800
2
1