Shane Coors, P.E. Precision Water Resource Engineering, Inc. Education: M.E., Civil Engineering, Texas A&M University, 2003 Computational Physics, University of Utah, 1994-1998 B.S., Engineering Physics, Westmont College, 1993 Years Experience: Current Firm: 5 Other Employers: 12+ System Modeling Experience: RiverWare Custom (Excel, VBA) WRAP Software/Programming Expertise RiverWare RPL ArcGIS 9.x Visual Basic Matlab HEC-Ras HEC-GeoRas HEC-HMS C Registrations and Memberships: Registered Professional Engineer: State of Nevada Member, American Water Resources Association Member, American Society of Civil Engineers Treasurer, The Paradigm Project Foundation (www.theparadigmproject.org) EXPERIENCE NARRATIVE Mr. Coors is a water resources engineer with experience in water resources planning, management, and state-of-the art water system modeling. He has held positions both in the private sector as well as in the federal government. Mr. Coors has extensive experience with design, development, and implementation of complex, high-profile water resources decision-support systems. In 2008 Mr. Coors founded and is currently the principal of Precision Water Resources Engineering (PWRE). Water Resources Modeling Mr. Coors’ primary area of expertise is water resources systems modeling. He has designed, built, operated, and trained others to operate numerous hydrologic and hydraulic modeling tools that are currently in effective use throughout the Western United States. These models are used for a wide variety of purposes including planning, short-term operations, hydrologic and operations forecasting, uncertainty and risk analysis, reservoir accounting, for the official administration of complex policy and court decrees, and for litigation support. Some of the more frequently used models he has direct experience with include: RiverWare, developed by CADSWES at the University of Colorado. RiverWare is a versatile, comprehensive water resource modeling software utilized throughout the country in major basins such as the Lower and Upper Colorado River Basin, the Tennessee Valley Authority System, multiple USACE systems in the Midwest, the Truckee River Basin, and the Rio Grande Basin. Custom models. These have consisted mostly of Excel/VBA based modeling systems. Mr. Coors has developed a short-term highprecision modeling system for meeting very precise ESA flow targets downstream of large dams and below major confluences. Models have been constructed for the Green, Gunnison, San Juan, Carson and Truckee Rivers. Springtime peak release decisions from Flaming Gorge Dam on the Green River have been made using this tool since 2004 with great success. The tool has been used for numerous other purposes when short-term high-precision forecasts and operations are required. Mr. Coors has authored several publications and reports on decision support systems. He has also presented his work at numerous professional conferences and workshops. Reservoir Operations Mr. Coors has extensive experience with reservoir operations, planning and management. He has provided direct technical support to the Federal Watermaster, the Truckee Meadows Water Authority, the Shane Coors, P.E. Precision Water Resource Engineering USFWS, the Truckee-Carson Irrigation District, and the Pyramid Lake Paiute Tribe and the Bureau of Reclamation in the operations of the 8 major reservoirs in the Truckee-Carson River Basins including Lake Tahoe. He has experienced the challenges of operating major reservoirs under extreme high water conditions including floods and high runoff as well as in drought. Mr. Coors and PWRE support the operations of all major reservoirs in the Upper and Lower Colorado River Basin including Flaming Gorge, the Aspinal Unit, Navajo Reservoir, Lake Powell, Lake Mead and other smaller reservoirs. Flood Analysis Mr. Coors is experienced in flood analysis and simulation. He has done several projects involving flood routing and has developed routing techniques for routing hourly hydrographs to a high degree of accuracy. He has performed many hydrologic frequency analyses to help assess dam safety and emergency preparedness. Mr. Coors also has experience in determining flood inundation areas using GIS based tools. Risk and Decision Analysis Mr. Coors has developed tools and techniques to characterize and quantify the uncertainty associated with model results and forecasts. Model inputs like hydrology forecasts, demand forecasts, and others are more accurately represented by distributions not single values or time series. Consequently when the models can take distributions as input and report output as distributions, then decision-makers are better able to interpret the results of the model and make informed decisions. Mr. Coors has developed an Excel/VBA based Monte Carlo controller of the Truckee-Carson RiverWare model that can take the forecast volume distributions provided by the NRCS and effectively propagate these distributions through the modeling system so that distributions can be provided at the key outputs. This allows decision makers in the basin not only know what is likely to occur during the upcoming year, but also to have a good estimate as to how likely certain important outcomes are and can make informed decisions that intelligently reflect the degree of certainty of important outcomes. Stakeholders in the Truckee-Carson basin have utilized the information from this tool extensively since its development in 2006. Registrations Mr. Coors is a registered Professional Engineer in the state of Nevada (license #019410) RECENT PROJECT EXPERIENCE Water Resources System Planning Studies Water Sustainability in Snow-Fed Arid Land River System (2014-2018) Precision Water Resources Engineering (PWRE) along with the Desert Research Institute, the University of Nevada Reno, and the USGS were awarded a grant from the National Science Foundation and the United States Department of Agriculture for $5M to assess the impacts of Climate Change on the Truckee and Carson Basins in Northern Nevada and California. The project is intended to be a highly collaborative effort with basin stakeholders to assess the potential impacts of climate change, propose mitigation strategies. PWRE is responsible for the operational modeling component of the project and to participate in stakeholder outreach throughout Truckee Basin Study (2012-2014) Precision Water Resources Engineering (PWRE) partnered with MWH Global in Sacramento to conduct the Truckee Basin Study. The Bureau of Reclamation’s WaterSmart program identified several key Western river basins for Basin Studies to determine the potential impacts of climate change, and to identify measures to reduce potential supply demand imbalances in the future. PWRE is responsible to utilize the Truckee-Carson Planning 2 Shane Coors, P.E. Precision Water Resource Engineering Model to conduct all of the operational modeling of the basin for this study. Mr. Coors is a part of the Project Management Team that will collaborate with the cost-share partners in the basin and is the technical lead for the project. City of Fernley Groundwater Study (2012) Precision Water Resources Engineering was retained by the City of Fernley, NV to collaborate with the Desert Research Institute and Stanka Consultants to model the city’s groundwater. PWRE performed runs of the Truckee-Carson Planning Model to generate surface water hydrographs in the Truckee River and the Truckee Canal to be used to drive a groundwater model of the area. Mr. Coors was the lead for the PWRE team. Newlands Project Planning Study (2011-2012) Precision Water Resources Engineering (PWRE) partnered with MWH Global in Sacramento on the Newlands Project Planning Study. This project was commissioned by the Bureau of Reclamation’s Mid-Pacific Regional Office to generate alternatives for satisfying the Newlands Project water rights at the bottom of the Truckee-Carson Basin in northern Nevada. PWRE is providing modeling support to MWH Global in this planning project. PWRE performs all of the modeling on the project team and is responsible for utilizing the RiverWare Planning Model to identify and evaluate alternatives. Expert Witness and Testimony US vs. Gasco Energy, Inc (2013-2014), Mr Coors and PWRE provided testimony on behalf of the United States Department of Justice and the Environmental Protection Agency in a case involving the determination of the inundation frequency of a well site on the Green River below Flaming Gorge Dam. PWRE participated in a hydrographic survey of the river and floodplain, and developed a HEC-RAS hydraulic model of the river in the vicinity of the well site. PWRE also developed a daily operational RiverWare model of Flaming Gorge dam and the entire Green River basin down to the well site. Using the RiverWare model to develop a hydrograph at the well site and the hydraulic model of the well site, PWRE determined the inundation frequency of the well site, and produced a report detailing this process and its findings. The case was settled before trial. RiverWare Model Development and Usage Construction of a RiverWare Mid-Term Operations Model (MTOM) for the Colorado River Basin (2010 – present) Precision Water Resources Engineering (PWRE) has been contracted by the Lower and Upper Colorado Regional Offices of the United States Bureau of Reclamation (BOR) to develop a RiverWare model for the entire Colorado River Basin. The Upper Colorado Region and the Lower Colorado Region operations staff use a legacy RiverWare model to generate a 60-month forecast for the basin that is distributed to stakeholders monthly. The MTOM has all of the reservoirs’ operational logic encoded in order to simulate the operations of all of the basin reservoirs. PWRE is designing the MTOM system to incorporate the ensemble forecasts that are provided to the BOR by the Colorado Basin River Forecast Center (CBRFC). The system will take each of the ~30 traces comprising the ensemble forecast and initiate a run of MTOM model for each. The system will collect the output from all of the model runs to generate statistical and probabilistic results, more accurately describing the likelihood of potential states of the system and the chances of meeting operational thresholds that are important to stakeholders and decision makers. Construction of RiverWare Planning Model Truckee\Carson Basin (2009-present) 3 Shane Coors, P.E. Precision Water Resource Engineering Precision Water Resources Engineering (PWRE) has been contracted by the United States Bureau of Reclamation (BOR) to develop a RiverWare Planning Model for the Truckee Carson Basins. The Planning Model is a daily model of the entire basin that extends out many years into the future. It is used by the stakeholders in the basin to analyze operational practices, to evaluate the potential impacts of climate change on the basin, and for the BOR to evaluate significant policy revisions. The BOR has assembled a model development team consisting of representatives from each of the major stakeholders in the basin. This Planning Model Development Team meets regularly to discuss the development process and to collaborate on how the model can be developed in such a way as to accurately model each stakeholder’s operations and meet each stakeholder’s needs for the model. PWRE is doing all of the RiverWare model development for the project. This model was used to conduct the Newlands Project Planning Study and the Truckee Basin Study Construction of RiverWare modeling system for current conditions on Truckee\Carson Basin (2004-present) Mr. Coors has been the principal modeler for development of a RiverWare modeling system for the Truckee Carson Basins. This modeling system consists of three models, an accounting model, a hydrologic forecasting model, and an operations forecasting model. This system provides decision support to the Federal Watermaster, the Bureau of Reclamation, the Pyramid Lake Paiute Tribe, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the state of California, the Truckee Carson Irrigation District, the Truckee Meadows Water Authority, and others. It has replaced the many models that existed in the basin among the various parties, and has become the accepted model for all operational decision support, as well as part of the Federal Watermaster’s procedure for keeping an official accounting of the water in the basin. A few prominent uses and projects accomplished with this modeling system follow: Truckee River Operations Forum (2005-Present) Mr. Coors has been responsible for generating the forecasts using the RiverWare modeling system for this public meeting since 2005. At this monthly meeting of all basin stakeholders and interested public, an operational forecast through to the end of the calendar year is presented and discussed. Mr. Coors has been responsible for consulting with basin stakeholders and the Federal Watermaster to assemble this forecast and to take part in its presentation at the meetings. Truckee Canal Breach Reopen Analysis (2008) On January 4th, 2008 the Truckee Canal breached flooding Fernley, NV. The Truckee Canal brings water from the Truckee River to serve water rights in the Carson Basin below Lahontan reservoir. Mr. Coors was responsible for using the RiverWare modeling system with a Monte Carlo uncertainty characterization component he designed to evaluate the possible impacts to the irrigators as a reopening date and capacity of the Canal were determined. Mr. Coors prepared a weekly Water Supply Analysis report to the Area Manager, Regional Manager, and Commissioner of Reclamation assessing the likelihood of and expected magnitudes of shortage that would be experienced by the irrigators in the Truckee Carson Irrigation District for hypothetical reopening dates and flow limits. Lower Truckee River ESA Flow Regime Planning (2005-Present) Both the USFWS and the Pyramid Lake Paiute Tribe consult Mr. Coors and the RiverWare modeling system for planning of releases for the upcoming year in order to support threatened and endangered species in the lower Truckee River and in Pyramid Lake. Flow regimes have been developed and need to be adhered to. Considerable planning must take place in order to optimally meet the flow regimes without wasting water. This analysis and planning is done with the RiverWare modeling system. Operational Criteria and Procedures (OCAP) (2005-Present) 4 Shane Coors, P.E. Precision Water Resource Engineering Diversions from the Truckee River into the Carson Basin go through the Truckee Canal and are limited by the OCAP. Administering the OCAP is an ongoing responsibility of the Lahontan Basin Area Office of the Bureau of Reclamation. Setting diversion limits and storage targets is a highly complex process combining hydrology, hydraulics, politics, operations, and experience. Mr. Coors and the RiverWare modeling system support this activity and have since the models’ completion in 2005. Construction of RiverWare modeling system for TROA on Truckee\Carson Basin (2004-present) Mr. Coors is the principal modeler for development of a new RiverWare modeling system for the Truckee Carson Basins. This modeling system will be the principal tool for administration of the Truckee River Operating Agreement (TROA). TROA is an innovative, highly complex operating agreement for the Truckee River Basin in California and Nevada. The model will conduct the official accounting of the system, it will make hydrologic forecasts, and perform operational forecasting as well as facilitate the collective operation of the basin by the stakeholders. The tool will also provide basin stakeholders a probabilistic output to support risk and decision analysis. The tool is currently in final stages of development and testing. The TROA has been signed and will be implemented soon. Realtime Modeling Flaming Gorge Reservoir Realtime modeling system (2004-2014) Mr. Coors developed a model for use by the operators of Flaming Gorge Dam on the Green River in the Upper Colorado Basin during the spring runoff season. The tool was developed to meet highly precise flow targets on the Green River below its confluence with the Yampa River to support recovery of three endangered fish species. The model allows operators to construct hourly release schedules from Flaming Gorge in order to optimally meet these flow recommendations. Mr. Coors was responsible for developing the methodology, building the model, refining and calibrating it to historic operations, utilizing the model, and training Bureau of Reclamation staff to use it. The model has been used effectively for the purposes intended by Reclamation staff supported by Mr. Coors since 2004. Gunnison River/Aspinal Unit Realtime Modeling System (2005) Mr. Coors developed a similar model to the Flaming Gorge model above to support upcoming flow recommendations on the Gunnison River. Mr. Coors developed the model, calibrated and tested it, and provided technology transfer services to the Western Colorado Area Office of the Bureau of Reclamation. When the flow recommendations become operable in the future after the EIS is completed, the model will be used to support operations of the Aspinal Unit to optimally meet the ESA flow recommendations on the Gunnison River. In 2014, a contract was issued to update and retrain BOR staff to utilize the model now that the EIS is operative San Juan River/Navajo Reservoir Realtime Modeling System (2005-2006) Mr. Coors developed a similar model to the Flaming Gorge model above to support operations of Navajo Reservoir for meeting the flow recommendations downstream on the San Juan River. Mr. Coors developed the model, calibrated and tested it, and provided technology transfer services to the Western Colorado Area Office of the Bureau of Reclamation. Carson River Modeling System (2005-Present) 5 Shane Coors, P.E. Precision Water Resource Engineering Mr. Coors developed a realtime modeling system for the Carson River for the Lahontan Basin Area Office of the Bureau of Reclamation. The model is used to support many operational activities on the Carson River. It was used during 2006 to support the precautionary drawdown of Lahontan Reservoir during the record-setting runoff season. It has also been used on an ongoing basis to support OCAP operations in setting diversion targets for the Truckee Canal. Truckee River Modeling System (2005-Present) Mr. Coors developed a realtime modeling system for the TruckeeRiver for the Federal Watermaster and Bureau of Reclamation’s Lahontan Basin Area Office. The model is used to support many operational activities on the Truckee River. Currently it is used to fine tune operational changes in order to most efficiently meet the demands and flow targets in the system. This system is also being used to generate a daily travel time report (http://www.troa.net/reports/travel_time/), so that basin stakeholders and the federal watermaster can precisely time release changes, diversion changes, and other activities to greatly increase the efficiency of operations in the basin. The report is distributed on a daily basis. Other Water Resources Engineering Projects Rye Patch Dam Safety Assessment (2005) Mr. Coors designed flood routing simulations for the Humboldt River and Rye Patch Reservoir in Nevada for the Lahontan Basin Area Office of the Bureau of Reclamation. The flood of record was routed through the reservoir with varying initial storage conditions as well as varying outlet works conditions. Hypothetical flood hydrographs were also constructed by analysis of historic hydrologic records and appropriate statistical methodology to assess and quantify the flood risk at Rye Patch Dam. Lahontan Dam Tabletop Emergency Exercises (2006) Mr. Coors designed flood hydrographs and routing simulations for Lahontan Dam near Fallon, Nevada. These flood hydrographs were constructed using historic flood events as well as by statistical analysis of the historic records and accepted engineering practice for determining recurrence interval flood hydrographs. Variable levels of spillway performance were simulated as well. He also determined inundation areas for specific floods. These simulations and inundation areas provided scenarios for a multi-agency emergency preparedness and response exercise in Churchill County facilitated by the Bureau of Reclamation’s Mid-Pacific Region. Truckee Basin Historic Hydrology Reconstruction (2007) Mr. Coors participated in the effort to reconstruct the historic gage record in the Truckee Basin from 1940-1970. The reconstruction was done using the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) technique and several reference gages in the area. This project was intended to provide more historic data to the RiverWare hydrologic forecasting model to improve hydrologic forecasts in the basin. Mr. Coors provided guidance to the Bureau of Reclamation’s Technical Services Center staff and reviewed the results. Surface Water Treatment Facility Improvements, Lufkin, TX (2003) 6 Shane Coors, P.E. Precision Water Resource Engineering Mr. Coors helped conduct a study of the surface water treatment facility in Lufkin, TX. He designed pressure conduit system improvements and additional chlorination facilities for the city’s water treatment plant. EMPLOYMENT HISTORY December 2008 – Present. Precision Water Resources Engineering - Principal. Water resources engineering, planning and management, specializing in high-tech decision support systems. Water planning and management consulting for municipal and other governmental agencies regarding surface water systems. Short-term, hydrologic and hydraulic modeling for high precision operations applications. Multidisciplinary Decision and Risk analysis services. January, 2004 – December, 2008. United States Bureau of Reclamation, Lahontan Basin Area Office – Hydraulic Engineer. Hydrologic and hydraulic modeling of the Truckee and Carson River basins. Reservoir operations, planning and management. Technical support to management. GIS mapping and support. High-precision modeling specialist for other Bureau offices primarily in Upper Colorado Region. During the last two years (2007, 2008) was stationed in Boulder, Colorado at the University of Colorado Center for Advanced Decision Support for Water and Environmental Systems (CADSWES). This is the office where RiverWare is developed and maintained. Mr. Coors collaborated with the software developers in order to ensure that the modeling tool met the needs of the Bureau of Reclamation and TROA. May, 2003 – January, 2004. United States Bureau of Reclamation, Upper Colorado Regional Office – Engineering Technician. Design of a short-term modeling system to support springtime operations of Flaming Gorge Dam. Responsible to construct the model, test it, and train operations staff in its use May, 2002 – December, 2003. Goodwin- Lassiter, Inc. - EIT. Municipal and private water resources engineering services including site drainage, water treatment, master planning, and site development. Structural engineering services including foundation design, structural steel design and structural modeling. PUBLICATIONS AND PROFESSIONAL COFERENCE PRESENTATIONS Coors, S. “Long-Term Operational Policy Analysis Using the Truckee-Carson Basin Planning Model.” World Environmental & Water Resources Congress, May 24th –May 26th, 2012, Albuquerque, NM. Coors, S. “Estimating Uncertainty in the Colorado River Basin Using the RiverWare MTOM Model.” RiverWare User Group Meeting, February 2nd -3rd, 2012, Boulder, CO. Coors, S. “Truckee River High-Precision Operations Model Description and Applications.” Joint Federal Interagency Conference, June 27th – July 1st, 2010, Las Vegas, NV. Coors, S. “Truckee River Planning Model” RiverWare User Group Meeting, February 10th, 2010, Boulder, CO. Coors, S. “Truckee-Carson Basin Decision Support System - Survey of Modeling Tools and Applications.” Nile Basin Initiative Study Tour – Practical Applications of DSS to Support Integrated River Basin Management, October 22nd, 2008, Boulder, CO. Coors, S., J. Rieker. “RiverWare and the 2008 Truckee Canal Breach.” RiverWare User Group Meeting, August 13th, 2008, Boulder, CO. 7 Shane Coors, P.E. Precision Water Resource Engineering Coors, S. “Advanced Water Accounting Transactions for the Truckee River Operating Agreement.” RiverWare User Group Meeting, August 13th, 2008, Boulder, CO. Coors, S., Kenneth Parr. “Truckee River Operating Agreement and RiverWare Update.” Truckee River Symposium, October 4-5, 2007, Reno, NV. Coors, S. “Simulating Operations in the Truckee-Carson RiverWare Modeling System.” Journal of Nevada Water Resources Association, Spring, 2006, Vol. 3, No. 1. Coors, S. “An Overview of the Truckee-Carson RiverWare Modeling System.” Operating Reservoirs in Changing Conditions – Proceedings of the ASCE Operations Management Conference, August 14-16, 2006, Sacramento, CA. Coors, S. “Short-term Realtime Forecast Model in the Upper Colorado River Tributary Basins.” Joint Federal Interagency Conference, April 2-6, 2006, Reno, NV Coors, S. “Simulating Operations in the Truckee-Carson RiverWare System.” Joint Federal Interagency Conference, April 2-6, 2006, Reno, NV Coors, S., J. Rieker. “New Tool Development and Implementation in the Truckee Basin.” RiverWare User Group Meeting, March 7-8, 2006, Boulder, CO. Coors, S. “Truckee River Modeling System.” Truckee River Symposium, October 4-5, 2005, Reno, NV. Rieker, J.D., Coors, S., Mann, M., Scott, T. “Modeling in Support of Water Operations in the Truckee River Basin”, Proceedings of Watershed Management 2005, EWRI and ASCE, Williamsburg, VA, July, 2005. Scott, T., J. Rieker, S. Coors. “Truckee River Modeling System.” RiverWare User Group Meeting, March 1-2, 2005, Boulder, CO. Coors, S. “Realtime Flow Forecast Model.” River Systems Management Workshop – Addressing Water Conflict, November 4-6, 2003. Fort Collins, CO. REPORTS Coors, Shane. New Fall Exceedence-based Forecast methodology for RiverWare Forecasting Model. Federal Watermaster. August, 2009. Coors, Shane. Lake Tahoe Rating Development. Federal Watermaster. March, 2009. Coors, Shane., J. Boyer. TROA RiverWare Model Development Progress Report (PowerPoint Presentation). Office of the Nevada State Engineer. April, 2007, March, 2009. Coors, Shane. Carson River Briefing (Power Point Presentation). Lahontan Basin Area Office, Bureau of Reclamation. October, 2007. Coors, Shane. Truckee Basin Operations Summary and RiverWare Model Development Survey (PowerPoint Presentation). Center for Advanced Decision Support for Water and Environmental Systems. July, 2007. 8 Shane Coors, P.E. Precision Water Resource Engineering Rieker, J, S. Coors. Uncertainty Characterization in the Truckee-Carson Basin. Risk and Uncertainty Workgroup (PowerPoint Presentation). Technical Services Center, Lakewood, CO. July 11-12, 2006. Coors, Shane. RiverWare Model Overview (PowerPoint Presentation). California Department of Water Resources. November, 2004. Coors, Shane., M. Mann. Truckee/Carson Basin RiverWare model – Truckee Canal Losses and Truckee Division Diversions Analysis. Lahontan Basin Area Office, Bureau of Reclamation. September, 2004. Coors, Shane., M. Mann. Development of Lahontan Reservoir Loss (LRL) Equations for Truckee RiverWare Operations Model. Lahontan Basin Area Office, Bureau of Reclamation. June, 2004. Coors, Shane. Realtime Forecasting, Routing and Operations Model for Flaming Gorge Reservoir and the Yampa Basin. Upper Colorado Region Annual Water Operations Conference. Provo, UT. March, 2004. AWARDS Star Award for Truckee Canal Breach Support, Mid-Pacific Regional Director, February, 2008. Quality Step Increase, March, 2007. Star Award, Lahontan Basin Area Manager, April, 2006. Star Award, Lahontan Basin Area Manager, May, 2005. Star Award, Lahontan Basin Area Manager, August, 2004. "On the Spot" Award, Lahontan Basin Area Manager - April, 2004 Star Award, Upper Colorado Regional Office, November, 2003. “Excellence in Teaching” Award, University of Utah Physics Department 1998, 1996, 1995. 9