Religion and World Politics
Hauptseminar (IR/ Konfliktforschung) – Spring 2014
Wednesday 15:30-17:00, in A5, 6 Bauteil B – B 143
Mr. Yehonatan Abramson
Office: A 419
Office Hours: Wednesdays, 14:00-15:00.
Email: yabramso@mail.uni-mannheim.de
Phone: 0621-181-1974
Course Description:
In recent decades religion seems to have resurfaced as an important factor influencing world
politics. Ethnic and religious conflicts, fundamentalist terrorism, religious influences on peace
negotiations, and many more issues are now at the heart of political discourse and policymaking discussions. However, mainstream International Relations (IR) theories, such as
Realism, Liberalism, and Constructivism, provide us little guidance on how to conceptualize and
study the role of religion in world politics. This seminar offers a synoptic overview of the
themes, issues, and cases in an attempt to advance the theoretical understanding of religion in
world politics. The lectures will discuss questions such as: (1) Is there a global resurgence of
religion or was it just neglected in IR theory? (2) How should we understand and study religion?
(3) What role does religion play in conflict and peace? These questions and more will encourage
the students to think critically about the role of religion in world politics and the ways to study
it scientifically.
Course Requirements and Grading:
 Active and informed participation (20%): This is a seminar and not a lecture. As such, class
discussion is based on your active participation. I will assume that each student have done
the required readings and is ready to engage in a critical discussion. The participation grade
will be evaluated based on high-quality contributions to the seminar. Please note: this is a
reading-intensive seminar. If you do not carefully go through the readings, you will not do
well in this course.
 Presentation or Report (30%): Each class will start with a presentation by one of the
students. Presentations should be no longer than 10 minutes and should briefly summarize
the main arguments of the readings, compare and contrast them, and offer critical questions
to spark class discussion. Please provide a written version of your presentation. Because we
have more students than meetings, students who will not present will prepare a report on
one book or three articles from the recommended reading list. The report is due in a week
after the relevant readings were assigned and it should incorporate insights from class
discussion. Reports should be no longer than 5 pages.
 Final seminar paper (50%): The final paper will be written on a self-selected topic related to
religion, IR, and world politics. The paper should have a clear question or a puzzle –
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empirical, theoretical, or normative. You are encouraged to send me a 1 page proposal via
email (yabramso@mail.uni-mannheim.de) by April 2nd 2014. In writing your papers, please
follow the University of Mannheim’s guidelines (font size 12, 1.5 text space, no longer than
20 pages). Your papers should be submitted by June 25th 2014.
Miscellaneous:
 All readings will be uploaded to the portal. The readings are very different than one another
and I recommend reading them in order of appearance. Each week I will provide some
reading guidelines for the following week.
 I purposefully tried to achieve balance between male and female authors in the required
readings. As you can see, the result is far from perfect. I also tried to incorporate works by
non-Western scholars in order to offer a plurality of voices. You are all encouraged to do so
in your seminar papers. To read more about the gender gap and about the neglect of nonWestern IR theory:
- http://www.whiteoliphaunt.com/duckofminerva/2013/08/the-citation-gap-results-of-aself-experiment.html
- http://www.insidehighered.com/blogs/university-venus/addressing-syllabus-gap
- Maliniak, Daniel, Ryan Powers, and Barbara F. Walter. “The Gender Citation Gap in
International Relations,” International Organization (August 2013): 1-34
(http://web1.msu.montana.edu/nsfadvance/PDFs/GenderCitationGap.pdf)
- Acharya, Amitav and Barry Buzan (eds.). Non-Western International Relations Theory:
Perspectives on and Beyond Asia. New York: Routledge, 2010.
 As we will see during the course, religion can be an explosive issue. Please participate in a
respectful, considerate, and sensitive manner. Sexist, racist, homophobic, or other
discriminatory comments will not be tolerated.
 Plagiarism and other violations of academic ethics are a serious problem. Please review your
university’s policies and come to me with any concerns. Cases of plagiarism will be
appropriately sanctioned and reported.
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Course Outline:
1. February 12 – Introduction: Religion, Political Science, and International Relations
- Fox, Jonathan and Shmuel Sandler. Bringing Religion into International Relations. New York:
Palgrave Macmillan, 2004: 9-33 (Ch. 2).
- Philpott, Daniel. “Has the Study of Global Politics Found Religion?”Annual Review of Political
Science 12 (June 2009): 183-202.
- Shah, Timothy and Monica D. Toft. “Why God is Winning?” Foreign Policy 155 (July/August
2006): 38-43.
Recommended:
- Johnston, Douglas M. and Cynthia Sampson (eds). Religion: The Missing Dimension of
Statecraft. New York: Oxford University Press, 1994 (Chs. 1-2).
- Albright, Madeleine K. The Mighty and the Almighty: Reflections on America, God, and World
Affairs. New York: HarperCollins, 2006 (Part 1).
* German translation exists: Albright, Madeleine K. Der Mächtige und der Allmächtige: Gott,
Amerika und die Weltpolitik. München: Droemer, 2006.
- Bellin, Eva. “Faith in Politics: New Trends in the Study of Religion and Politics,” World Politics
60:2 (January 2008): 315-347.
- Wald, D. Kenneth and Clyde Wilcox. “Getting Religion: Has Political Science Rediscovered the
Faith Factor?” American Political Science Review 100:4 (November 2006): 523-529.
- Stack Jr., John F. “The Religious Challenge to International Relations Theory,” in Patrick James
(ed.), Religion, Identity, and Global Governance: Ideas, Evidence, and Practice. Toronto:
University of Toronto Press, 2011: 19-36 (Ch. 2).
2. February 19 – Religion and IR Theory
- Snyder, Jack (ed.). Religion and International Relations Theory. New York: Columbia University
Press, 2011: 1-23 (Introduction) and 141-162 (Ch. 6).
- Grovogui, Siba N. Sovereigns, Quasi Sovereigns, and Africans: Race and Self-Determination in
International Law. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1996: 11-42 (Ch. 1)
- Philpott, Daniel. "The Religious Roots of Modern International Relations," in World Politics 52
(January 2000): 206-245.
Recommended:
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- Laustsen, Carsten Bagge and Ole Wæver “In Defence of Religion: Sacred Referent Objects for
Securitization,” Millenium – Journal of International Studies 29:3 (December 2000): 705-739
- Thomas, Scott M. “Taking Religious and Cultural Pluralism Seriously: The Global Resurgence of
Religion and the Transformation of International Society,” Millenium – Journal of International
Studies 29:3 (December 2000): 815-841
- Haynes, Jeffrey. “Religion and International Relations: What are the issues?” International
Politics 41:3 (September 2004): 451-462.
- Sheikh, Mona Kanwal. "How Does Religion Matter? Pathways to Religion in International
Relations," Review of International Studies 38:2 (April 2012): 365-392.
- Sandal, Nukhet A. and Patrick James. “Religion and International Relations Theory: Towards a
Mutual Understanding,” European Journal of International Relations 17:1 (March 2011): 3-25.
3. February 26 – Is There a Religious Resurgence?
- Thomas, Scott M. The Global Resurgence of Religion and the Transformation of International
Relations: The Struggle for the Soul of the Twenty-First Century. New York: Palgrave Macmillan,
2005: 21-45 (Ch. 1).
- Haynes, Jeffrey. “Religion, Secularisation and Politics: A Postmodern Conspectus,” Third World
Quarterly 18:4 (September 1997): 709-728.
- Hurd, Elisabeth S. The Politics of Secularizm in International Relations. Princeton: Princeton
University Press, 2008: 134-146 (Ch. 8).
Recommended:
- Berger, Peter L. (ed.) The Desecularization of the World: Resurgent Religion and World Politics.
Washington, D.C.: Ethics and Public Policy Center, 1999: 37-49 (Ch. 3) and 85-101 (Ch. 6).
- Fitzgerald, Timothy. Religion and Politics in International Relations. New York: Continuum
International, 2011: 177-205 (Ch. 9).
- Toft, Monica D., Daniel Philpott, and Timothy S. Shah. God's Century: Resurgent Religion and
Global Politics. New York: W.W. Norton & Co., 2011.
- Juergensmeyer, Mark. Global Rebellion: Religious Challenges to the Secular State, from
Christian Militias to al Qaeda. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2008.
4. March 5 – Secularization and Post-Secularization
- Berger, Peter L. (ed.) The Desecularization of the World: Resurgent Religion and World Politics
Washington, D.C.: Ethics and Public Policy Center, 1999: 1-18 (Introduction).
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- Casanova, José. Public Religions in the Modern World. Chicago: The University of Chicago
Press, 1994: 11-39 (Ch. 1).
- Habermas, Jurgen. “Secularism’s Crisis of Faith: Notes on Post-Secular Society,” New
Perspectives Quarterly 25:4 (Fall 2008): 17-29.
- Hurd, Elizabeth S. “The Political Authority of Secularism in International Relations,” European
Journal of International Relations 10:2 (June 2004): 235-262.
Recommended:
- Philpott, Daniel. “The Challenge of September 11 to Secularism in International Relations,”
World Politics 55:1 (October 2002): 66-95.
- Martin, David. A General Theory of Secularization (London, England: Oxford University Press,
1979): 12-99.
- Stark, Rodney. “Secularization, R.I.P,” Sociology of Religion 60:3 (Fall 1999): 249-273.
5. March 12 – Religious Fundamentalism I: What is Fundamentalism?
- Almond, Gabriel A., Scott R. Appleby, and Emmanuel Sivan. Strong Religion: The Rise of
Fundamentalism around the World. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2003: 90-115.
- Mark Juergensmeyer. "Why Religious Nationalists are not Fundamentalists," Religion 23:1
(January 1993): 85-92.
- Eisenstadt, Shmuel N. "Multiple Modernities," Daedalus 129:1 (Winter 2000): 1-29.
Recommended:
- Appleby, Scott R. The Ambivalence of the Sacred: Religion, Violence, and Reconciliation.
Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2000 (Ch. 3 especially).
- Marty, Martin E. and Scott R. Appleby (eds.). Fundamentalisms and the State: Remaking
Polities, Economies, and Militance. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1993.
- Juergensmeyer, Mark. Global Rebellion: Religious Challenges to the Secular State, from
Christian Militias to al Qaeda. Berkley: University of California Press, 2008.
- Barber, Benjamin R. Jihad vs. McWorld. New York: Times Books, 1995.
- Eisenstadt, Shmuel N. Fundamentalism, Sectarianism, and Revolution: The Jacobin Dimension
of Modernity. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1999.
- Sprinzak, Ehud. Fundamentalism, Terrorism, and Democracy: The Case of Gush Emunim
Underground. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution, Wilson Center, 1986.
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- Tibi, Bassam. The Challenge of Fundamentalism: Political Islam and the New World Disorder.
Berkeley: University of California Press, 1998.
- Lustick, Ian S. For the Land and the Lord: Jewish Fundamentalism in Israel. New York: Council
on Foreign Relations, 1988.
6. March 19 – Religious Fundamentalism II: Explaining Fundamentalism
- Martin E. Marty and R. Scott Appleby (eds.). Fundamentalisms Comprehended. Chicago:
University of Chicago Press, 1995: 425-444 (Ch. 17).
- Juergensmeyer, Mark. Terror in the Mind of God: The Global Rise of Religious Violence.
Berkeley: University of California Press, 2003: 121-147 (Ch. 7).
- Keddie, Nikki R. "The New Religious Politics: Where, When, and Why Do "Fundamentalisms"
Appear?" Comparative Studies in Society and History 40:4 (October 1998): 696-723.
7. March 26 – No Class
8. April 2 – Religious Fundamentalism III: Critical Reflections
- Hansen, Lene. "The Politics of Securitization and the Muhammad Cartoon Crisis: A postStructuralist Perspective," Security Dialogue 42:4-5 (August-October 2011): 357-369.
- Kahtib, Lina. "Nationalism and Otherness: The Representation of Islamic Fundamentalism in
Egyptian Cinema," European Journal of Cultural Studies 9:1 (February 2006): 63-80.
- Moallem, Minoo. Between Warrior Brother and Veiled Sister. Berkeley: University of California
Press, 2005: 155-184 (Ch. 5).
Recommended:
- Hawley, John Stratton (ed.). Fundamentalism and Gender. New York: Oxford University Press,
1994.
- Harding, Susan. “Representing Fundamentalism: The Problem of the Repugnant Cultural
Other,” Social Research 58:2 (Summer 1991): 373-393.
- Moghissi, Haideh. Feminism and Islamic Fundamentalism: The Limits of Postmodern Analysis.
London: Zed Books, 1999.
- Saba, Mahmood. Politics of Piety: the Islamic Revival and the Feminist Subject. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2005.
9. April 9 – Religion and Conflict I: The Clash of Civilizations Debate
- Huntington, Samuel. “The Clash of Civilizations?” Foreign Affairs 72:3 (Summer 1993): 22-49.
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- Fox, Jonathan and Shmuel Sandler. Bringing Religion into International Relations. New York:
Palgrave Macmillan, 2004: 115-135 (Ch. 6).
- Katzenstein, Peter J. Civilizations in World Politics: Plural and Pluralist Perspectives. New York:
Routledge, 2010: 1-40 (Ch. 1).
- Jackson, Patrick T. Civilizing the Enemy: German Reconstruction and the Invention of the West.
Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2006: 46-71 (Ch. 3).
Recommended:
- Huntington, Samuel P. The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order. New York:
Simon and Schuster, 1996.
* A collection of the responses t
o the book published at Foreign Affairs are compiled in The
Clash of Civilizations? The Debate. New York: Council on Foreign Relations, 2010.
- Inglehart, Ronald and Pippa Norris. “The True Clash of Civilizations,” Foreign Policy 135
(March/April 2003): 62-70.
- Russett, Bruce .M, John R. Oneal and Michaelene Cox. "Clash of Civilizations, or Realism and
Liberalism Déjà Vu? Some Evidence," Journal of Peace Research 37:5 (September 2000): 583608.
- O'Hagan, Jacinta. ”Civilisational Conflict? Looking for Cultural Enemies,” Third World Quarterly
16:1 (March 1995): 19–38.
- Henderson, Errol A. and Richard Tucker. “Clear and Present Strangers: The Clash of
Civilizations and International Conflict,” International Studies Quarterly 45:2 (June 2001): 317–
338.
- Henderson, Errol A. “Not Letting Evidence Get in the Way of Assumptions: Testing the Clash of
Civilizations Thesis with More Recent Data,” International Politics 42:4 (December 2005): 458–
469.
- Chiozza, Giacomo. “Is There a Clash of Civilizations? Evidence from Patterns of International
Conflict Involvement, 1946–97,” Journal of Peace Research 39:6 (November 2002): 711–734.
- Ben-Yehuda, Hemda. “The ‘Clash of Civilizations’ Thesis: Findings from International Crises,
1918–1994,” Comparative Civilizations Review 49 (Fall 2003): 28–42.
- Hall, Martin and Patrick T. Jackson (eds.). Civilizational Identity: The Production and
Reproduction of ‘Civilizations’ in International Relations. New York: Palgrave MacMillan, 2007.
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- Bettiza, Gregorio. “Civilizational Analysis in International Relations: Mapping the Field and
Advancing a “Civilizational Politics” Line of Research,” International Studies Review (Online first:
January 10th 2014).
10. April 30 - Religion and Conflict II – Communal Conflict
- Hasenclever, Andreas and Volker Rittberger. “Does Religion Make a Difference? Theoretical
Approaches to the Impact of Faith on Political Conflict,” Millenium – Journal of International
Studies 29:3 (December 2000): 641-674.
- Thomas, Scott. “Religion and International Conflict,” in Ken R. Dark (ed.), Religion and
International Relations. New York: St. Martin Press, 2000: 1-23.
- Toft, Monica D. “Getting Religion? The Puzzling Case of Islam and Civil War,” International
Security 31:4 (Spring 2007), 97-131.
- Hassner, Ron E. “To Halve and to Hold”: Conflicts over Sacred Space and the Problem of
Indivisibility,” Security Studies 12:4 (Summer 2003): 1-33.
Recommended:
- Horowitz, Michael C. “Long Time Going: Religion and the Duration of Crusading,” International
Security 34: 2 (Fall 2009): 162–193.
- Goddard, Stacie E. Indivisible Territory and the Politics of Legitimacy: Jerusalem and Northern
Ireland. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010.
* For the main argument read: Goddard, Stacie E. “Uncommon Ground: Indivisible Territory and
the Politics of Legitimacy,” International Organization 60:1 (Winter 2006): 35-68.
- Haynes, Jeffrey. “Religion, Ethnicity and Civil War in Africa: The Cases of Uganda and Sudan,”
The Round Table: The Commonwealth Journal of International Affairs. 96:390 (2007): 305-317.
- Fox, Jonathan and Shmuel Sandler. Bringing Religion into International Relations. New York:
Palgrave Macmillan, 2004: 63-82 (Ch. 4).
- Williamson, Roger. “Why Is Religion Still a Factor in Armed Conflict?” Security Dialogue 21:3
(July 1990): 243-253.
- Kaldor, Mary. New and old wars: Organized Violence in a Global Era. Stanford: Stanford
California Press, 1999.
- Rapoport, David C. “Fear and Trembling: Terrorism in Three Religious Traditions,” American
Political Science Review 78:3 (September 1984): 658–677.
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- Rapoport, David C. “Some General Observations on Religion and Violence,” Journal of
Terrorism and Political Violence 3:3 (1991): 118-140.
- Sprinzak, Ehud. “Rational Fanatics,” Foreign Policy 120 (September/October 2000): 66-73.
11. May 7 – Religion and Conflict Resolution I: General Approaches
- Bar-Siman-Tov, Yaacov. “Dialectics between Stable Peace and Reconciliation,” in Yaacov BarSiman-Tov (ed.), From Conflict Resolution to Reconciliation. New York: Oxford University Press,
2004: 61-80.
- Gopin, Marc. Between Eden and Armageddon: The Future of World Religions, Violence, and
Peacemaking. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000: 13-32 (Ch. 2).
- Johnston, Douglas and Brian Cox. “Faith-Based Diplomacy and Preventive Engagement,” in
Douglas Johnston (ed.), Faith-Based Diplomacy: Trumping Realpolitik. New York: Oxford
University Press, 2003: 11-29.
Recommended:
- Gopin, Marc. Holy War, Holy Peace: How Religion Can Bring Peace to the Middle East. Oxford
University Press, 2002.
- Svensson, Isak. "Fighting with Faith: Religion and Conflict Resolution in Civil Wars," The Journal
of Conflict Resolution 51:6 (December 2007): 930-949.
- Cox, Brian and Daniel Philpott. “Faith-based Diplomacy: An Ancient Idea Newly Emergent,”
Brandywine Review of Faith and International Affairs 1:2 (September 2003): 31–40.
- Little, David (ed.). Peacemakers in Action: Profiles of Religion in Conflict Resolution.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007.
- Nardin, Terry (ed.). The Ethics of War and Peace: Religious and Secular Perspectives. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 1996.
12. May 14 - Religion and Conflict Resolution II: Interfaith Negotiation
- Steele, David. “Contribution of Interfaith Dialogue to Peacebuilding in Former Yugoslavia,” in
David R. Smock (ed.), Interfaith Dialogue and Peacebuilding. Washington, D.C.: United States
Institute of Peace, 2002: 73-88 (Ch. 5).
- Funk, Nathan C. and Abdul Aziz Said. Islam and Peacemaking in the Middle East. Boulder:
Lynne Rienner, 2009: 147-178 (Ch. 6).
- Ilai, Alon and Brett Jeanne M. “Perceptions of Time and Their Impact on Negotiations in the
Arabic-Speaking Islamic World,” Negotiation Journal 23:1 (January 2007): 55-73.
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Recommended:
- Cohen, Raymond. Negotiating across Cultures: International Communication in an
Interdependent World. Washington, D.C.: United States Institute of Peace, 1997.
- Friedmann, Yohanan. Tolerance and Coercion in Islam: Interfaith Relations in the Muslim
Tradition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003.
- Said, Abdul Aziz, Nathan C. Funk and Ayse S. Kadayifci (eds.). Peace and Conflict Resolution in
Islam: Precept and Practice. Lanham: University Press of America, 2001.
- Marsden, Lee. (ed.). The Ashgate Research Companion to Religion and Conflict Resolution.
Farnham: Ashgate, 2012.
- Coward, Harold and Gordon S. Smith (eds.). Religion and Peacebuilding. Albany: State
University of New York Press, 2004.
- Khadduri, Majid. War and Peace in the Law of Islam. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University
Press, 1955.
- Abu-Nimer, Mohammed. Nonviolence and Peace Building in Islam: Theory And Practice.
Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2003.
13. May 21: Religion and Conflict Resolution III: Actors and Processes
- Shore, Megan. Religion and Conflict Resolution: Christianity and South Africa's Truth and
Reconciliation Commission. Farnham: Ashgate, 2009: 59-74 (Ch. 4).
- Sampson, Cynthia. “Religion and Peacebuilding,” in William I. Zartman (ed.), Peacemaking in
International Conflict: Methods and Techniques. Washington, D.C.: United States Institute of
Peace, 1997: 273-326.
- Bartoli, Andrea. “Forgiveness and Reconciliation in the Mozambique Peace Process,” in
Raymond G. Helmick and Rodney L. Petersen (eds.), Forgiveness and Reconciliation: Religion,
Public Policy, and Conflict Transformation. Philadelphia: Templeton Foundation Press, 2002:
361-381 (Ch. 17).
Recommended:
- Appleby, Scott R. The Ambivalence of the Sacred: Religion, Violence, and Reconciliation.
Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2000 (Ch. 4-5 especially).
- Appleby, Scott R. “Building Sustainable Peace: The Roles of Local and Transnational Religious
Actors,” in Thomas Banchoff (ed.), Religious Pluralism, Globalization, and World Politics. New
York: Oxford University Press, 2008: 125-154.
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- Abu-Nimer, Mohammed. “Conflict Resolution, Culture, and Religion: Toward a Training Model
of Interreligious Peacebuilding,” Journal of Peace Research 38:6 (November 2001): 685-704.
- Bercovitch, Jacob and S. Ayse Kadayifci-Orellana. "Religion and Mediation: The Role of FaithBased Actors in International Conflict Resolution,” International Negotiation 14:1 (2009): 175204.
14. May 28 – Religious Freedom and Foreign Policy
- Farr, Thomas F. World of Faith and Freedom: Why International Religious Liberty is Vital to
American National Security. New York: Oxford University Press, 2008: 243-307 (Chs. 9-10).
- Philpott, Daniel. “Religious Freedom and Peacebuilding: May I Introduce You Two?” The
Review of Faith & International Affairs 11:1 (2013): 31–37.
Recommended:
- Hurd, Elizabeth S. “Political Islam and Foreign Policy in Europe and the United States,” Foreign
Policy Analysis 3:4 (October 2007): 345-367.
- Farr, Thomas F. “Diplomacy in an Age of Faith: Religious Freedom and National Security,”
Foreign Affairs 87:2 (March/April 2008): 110-124.
- Chaplin, Jonathan and Robert Joustra (eds.). God and Global Order: The Power of Religion in
American Foreign Policy. Waco, Texas: Baylor University Press, 2010.
Other Topics (for your papers or general interest):
Definitions and Concepts of Religion:
- Berger, Peter L. The Social Reality of Religion. London: Faber, 1969.
- Durkheim, Emile. The Elementry Forms of the Religious Life. New York: Free Press, 1995.
- Sherkat, Darren E. and Christopher G. Ellison. “Recent Developments and Current
Controversies in the Sociology of Religion,” Annual Review of Sociology 25 (1999): 363-394.
- Spiro, Melford E. “Religion: Problems of Definition and Explanation,” in Anthropological
Approaches to the Study of Religion. New York: F.A. Praeger, 1966: 85-126.
- Stark, Rodney and William S. Bainbridge. A Theory of Religion. New York: Peter Lang, 1987.
- Turner, Bryan S. Religion and Social Theory. London: Sage, 1991.
- Weber, Max. The Sociology of Religion. Boston: Beacon Press, 1963.
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- Williams, Rhys. H. “Religion as Political Resource: Culture or Ideology?” Journal for the
Scientific Study of Religion 35:4 (December 1996): 368-378.
Religion and World Politics - General
- Carlson, John D. and Erik C. Owens (eds.). The Sacred and the Sovereign: Religion and
International Politics. Washington, D.C.: Georgetown University Press, 2003.
- Hatzopoulos, Pavlos and Fabio Petito. Religion in International Relations: The Return from
Exile. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003.
- Haynes, Jeffrey. Introduction to International Relations and Religion. New York: Pearson, 2007.
- Haynes, Jeffrey. Religion, Politics and International Relations: Selected Essays. New York:
Routledge, 2011.
- Seiple, Robert A. and Dennis R. Hoover. Religion and Security: The New Nexus in International
Relations. Lanham: Rowman and Littlefield, 2004.
- Shah, Timothy S., Alfred Stepan, and Monica D. Toft (eds.). Rethinking Religion and World
Affairs. New York: Oxford University Press, 2012.
Religion and IR Theory
- Phillips, Andrew. War, Religion and Empire: The Transformation of International Orders.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011.
- Sandal, Nukhet A. “Religious Actors as Epistemic Communities in Conflict Transformation: The
Cases of South Africa and Northern Ireland,” Review of International Studies 37:3 (July 2011):
929-949.
- Sandal, Nukhet A. and Jonathan Fox. Religion in International Relations Theory: Interactions
and Possibilities. New York: Routledge, 2013.
- Troy, Jodok (ed.). Religion and the Realist Tradition. Hoboken: Taylor and Francis, 2013.
Religion and Foreign Policy
- Amstutz, Mark R. Evangelicals and American Foreign Policy. New York: Oxford University
Press, 2014.
- Curanović, Alicja. The Religious Factor in Russia's Foreign Policy. New York: Routledge, 2012.
- Haynes, Jeffrey. “Religion and Foreign Policy Making in the USA, India and Iran: Towards a
Research Agenda,” Third World Quarterly 29:1 (February 2008): 143-165.
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- Waxman, Dov. "Between Isolation and Integration: The Jewish Dimension in Israeli Foreign
Policy," Israel Studies Forum 19:1 (Fall 2003): 34-56.
Religion and Nationalism
- Fox, Jonathan. “Nationalism versus Civilizations: An Assessment of Alternate Theories on the
Future of Ethnic Identity and Conflict,” National Identities 5:3 (November 2003): 283-307.
- Juergensmeyer, Mark. The New Cold War? Religious Nationalism Confronts the Secular State.
Berkley: University of California, 1993.
- Liebman, Charles S. and Eliezer Don-Yehiya. Civil religion in Israel: Traditional Judaism and
Political Culture in the Jewish State. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1983.
- Marx, Faith in Nation: Exclusionary Origins of Nationalism. New York: Oxford University Press,
2003.
- Smith, Anthony D. “The ‘Sacred’ Dimension of Nationalism,” Millenium – Journal of
International Studies 29:3 (December 2000): 791-814.
- Van der Veer, Peter and Hartmut Lehmann. Nation and Religion: Perspectives on Europe and
Asia. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1999.
- Zubaida, Sami, “Islam and Nationalism: Continuities and Contradictions,” Nations and
Nationalism 10:4 (October 2004): 407-420.
Religion and Geopolitics
- A special volume on religion and geopolitics: Geopolitics 11:2 (Summer 2006).
- Nyroos, Lari. “Religeopolitics: Dissident Geopolitics and the ´Fundamentalism´of Hamas and
Kach,” Geopolitics 6:3 (Winter 2001): 135-157.
- Tse, Justin K.H. “Grounded Theologies: 'Religion' and the 'Secular' in Human Geography,”
Progress in Human Geography (2013): 1-20.
Religion and Democracy
- Esposito, John L. and John O. Voll. Islam and Democracy. New York: Oxford University Press,
1996.
- Fox, Jonathan. A World Survey of Religion and the State. Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press, 2008.
* A related database: http://www.thearda.com/ras/
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- Kalyvas, Stathis N. The Rise of Christian Democracy in Europe. Ithaca: Cornell University Press,
1996.
- Ross, Michael. “Does Oil Hinder Democracy?” World Politics 53:3 (April 2001): 325-361.
- Rubin, Aviad. "Religious Actors in a Democratic Civil Society: Can Turkey Borrow from Israel?"
in Berna Turam (ed.), Religious Civil Society in a Secular State: The Two Faces of Power. New
York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2011: 167-193.
- Rubin, Aviad. “The Status of Religion in Emergent Political Regimes: Lessons from Turkey and
Israel,” Nations and Nationalism 19:3 (July 2013): 493-512.
- Stepan, Alfred. “Religion, Democracy, and the ‘Twin Tolerations,’” Journal of Democracy 11:4
(October 2000): 37-57.
- Sullivan, Winnifred Fallers. The Impossibility of Religious Freedom. Princeton: Princeton
University Press, 2008.
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