NITROGEN CYCLE AND NITRATE LEACHING FROM BIOSOLIDS APPLICATION
Table of Abstracts
AUTHOR/YEAR
Adriano et al., 1971
ARTICLE
Nitrate and Salt in Soils
and Ground Waters from
Land Disposal of Dairy
Manure
Ahtianen, 1986
Groundwater Quality in
Relation to Land
Application of Sewage
Sludges
Angle et al., 1992
Sewage Sludge Effects
on Growth and Nitrogen
Fixation of Soybean
Artiola, 1991
Nonuniform Leaching of
Nitrate and Other
Solutes in a Furrow
Irrigated Sludge
Amended Field
Artiola and Pepper,
Denitrification Activity
1992
in the Root Zone of a
Sludge Amended Desert
Soil
Artiola and Pepper,
Long-Term Influence of
1992
Liquid Sewage Sludge
on the Organic Carbon
and Nitrogen Content of
a Furrow Irrigated
Desert Soil
Aschmann et al., 1990 Nitrogen Status of Forest
Floor, Soils, and
Vegetation Following
Municipal Wastewater
Sludge Application
Aschmann et al., 1992 Nitrogen Movement
Under a Hardwood
Forest Amended with
VEGETATION
ORGANIC
AMENDMENT
APPLICATION
RATE
SOIL TYPE
STUDY TYPE
/LOCATION
Oats, barley, corn,
Sudangrass
Dairy manure
1000 kg-N ha-1
NA
Field (groundwater
assay)/California
various
Biosolids
various
various
Literature Review
Soybeans
Biosolids
0–312 kg of available Loam, silt loam
N ha-1
Cotton
Anaerobically
digested biosolids
180–540 kg of N ha-1 Pima clay loam
Field/Wye, Maryland,
and Clarksville,
Maryland
Field/Marana, Arizona
Cotton
Liquid anaerobic
biosolids
180–540 kg of N ha-1 Pima clay loam
Field/Marana, Arizona
Cotton
Liquid anaerobic
biosolids
180–540 kg of N ha-1 Pima clay loam
Field/Marana, Arizona
Hardwood forest,
dominated by oak
and hickory
Liquid aerobically
digested municipal
biosolids
0–12 dry Mg ha-1 of Silt loams
biosolids or 0–800 kg
ha-1 of N
Field/Clarksville,
Maryland
Hardwood forest,
dominated by oak
and hickory
Liquid aerobically
digested biosolids
0–12 dry Mg ha-1 of Silt loams
biosolids or 0–800 kg
ha-1 of N
Field/near Clarksville,
Maryland
NBMA Table of Abstracts
AUTHOR(S)/ YEAR
Ayuso et al., 1996
Barbarick et al., 1996
Beauchamp et al.,
1979
TITLE
Liquid Wastewater
Sludge
Stimulation of Barley
Growth and Nutrient
Absorption by Humic
Substances Originating
from Various Organic
Materials
Distribution and
Mineralization of
Biosolids Nitrogen
Applied to Dryland
Wheat
Nitrate Production from
Chemically Treated
Sewage Sludges
Bockheim et al., 1988 Groundwater and Soil
Leachate Inorganic
Nitrogen in a Wisconsin
Red Pine Plantation
Amended with Paper
Industry Sludge
Bockheim et al., 1988 Nitrogen Balances in a
Red Pine Plantation
Receiving Surface
Applied Paper Industry
Sludge
Brady, 1974
The Nature and Property
of Soils, 8th ed.
Breuer et al., 1979
Nitrogen Transformation
and Leaching Associated
with Wastewater
Irrigation in DouglasFir, Poplar, Grass and
Unvegetated Systems
Brockway, 1983
Forest Floor, Soil, and
Vegetation Responses to
VEGETATION
Nitrogen
ORGANIC
AMENDMENT
APPLICATION
RATE
SOIL TYPE
STUDY TYPE/
LOCATION
Barley
Municipal biosolids,
co-compost
NA
Leonardite, black
peat, commercial
humic acid
Lab/Spain
Wheat
Municipal biosolids
6.7–26.8 Mg ha-1 or
56–67 kg N ha-1
Weld loam, Platner
loam
Field/Adams County,
Colorado
NA
Anaerobically
digested biosolids
containing 12 mg
total-N
Paper industry sludge
12 mg N + 15 g silt
loam + 15 g quartz
sand
Silt loam, quartz sand Lab (biosolids assay)/
Ontario, Canada
32, 63, 94 Mg ha-1
Loam
Field (groundwater and
soil assay)/Wisconsin
Red pine
Red pine
Paper industry sludge 24, 62, 88 dry
Mg ha-1
Loam
Field (tree growth and
water assay)/Wisconsin
NA
NA
NA
NA
Douglas-fir, grass,
poplars, bare soil
Municipal wastewater 347 kg-N ha-1
Gravelly sandy loam
Field (soil assay)/Pack
Forest, Eatonville,
Washington
Red pine, white pine,
aspen
Papermill sludges
and anaerobically
Sandy moraines
Field (groundwater and
soil assay)/Michigan
NA
2
4–46 Mg ha-1
NBMA Table of Abstracts
AUTHOR(S)/ YEAR
TITLE
Sludge Fertilization in
Red and White Pine
Plantations
Brockway and Urie,
Determining Sludge
1983
Fertilization Rates For
Forests from Nitrate-N
in Leachate and
Groundwater
Bugbee, 1996
Growth of
Rhododendron,
Rudbeckia and Thuja
and the Leaching of
Nitrates as Affected by
the pH of Potting Media
Amended with Biosolids
Compost
Burton et al., 1986
Nitrogen Transformation
in Four SludgeAmended Michigan
Forest Types
Burton et al., 1990
Nitrification in Sludge
Amended Michigan
Forest Soils
Cassman and Munns, Nitrogen Mineralization
1980
as Affected by Soil
Moisture, Temperature,
and Depth
Chang et al., 1988
Leaching of Nitrate from
Freely Drained-Irrigated
Fields Treated with
Municipal Sludges
Chen et al., 1996
Ryegrass Utilization of
Nutrients Released from
Composted Biosolids
and Cow Manure
Cole and Henry, 1983 Leaching and Uptake of
Nitrogen Applied as
Dewatered Sludge
VEGETATION
Nitrogen
ORGANIC
AMENDMENT
APPLICATION
RATE
SOIL TYPE
STUDY TYPE/
LOCATION
digested municipal
biosolids
Red pine, white pine,
aspen
Municipal biosolids
and papermill
wastewater sludges
4–46 Mg ha-1
Sandy moraines
Field (groundwater and
soil assay)/Michigan
Rhododendron,
rudbeckia, Thuja
Composted biosolids
0, 25, 50, 75, 100%
compost by volume
Conventional potting
media
Greenhouse/NA
Pine, oak, aspen
Anaerobically
digested municipal
biosolids
4.2 Mg ha-1
Sandy coarse loam
Field (groundwater and
soil assay)/Michigan
Aspen, pine, northern Liquid aerobically
hardwood forest
digested biosolids
22.3–25.7 g N m-2
Primarily sandy
Field, laboratory
incubation/Michigan
Sudangrass
NA
NA
Yolo series, silty
loam
Incubation/University of
California at Davis
Winter barley
Composted and
22.5–90 Mg ha-1 yr-1
anaerobically
digested municipal
biosolids
Composted municipal 0, 100 mg N kg-1 or
biosolids, cow
100 mg P kg-1
manure
Loam, sandy loam
Field/Riverside,
California
Mixtures of silica
sand, compost, and
fertilizer
Greenhouse/Ohio State
University
Biosolids
Sandy gravel
Field/ Pack Forest,
Eatonville, Washington
Ryegrass
Douglas-fir
47 Mg ha-1
3
NBMA Table of Abstracts
AUTHOR(S)/ YEAR
Corey et al., 1986
Coutinho et al., 1997
Cripps et al., 1992
Crohn, 1995
Crohn and Haith,
1994
de Haan, 1986
Devitt et al., 1990
Diez et al., 1991
Environmental
Protection Agency,
1994
TITLE
The Sludge Application
Program at the Savannah
River Plant
Effect of Composted
Sewage Sludge
Amendment on Soil
Nitrogen and
Phosphorus Availability
Effects of Sewage
Sludge Application
Method on Corn
Production
Sustainability of Sewage
Sludge Land Application
to Northern Hardwood
Forests
A Forest Site Dynamics
Model For Land
Application of Sludge
Nitrogen in Drainage
Water from Containers
with Soils Treated with
Different Types of
Sewage Sludge or
Municipal Waste
Compost, Including
Substrates Consisting
Only of These Products
Response of Tall Fescue
to Composted Sewage
Sludge Used as a Soil
Amendment
Effect of Sewage Sludge
on Nitrogen Availability
in Peat
Land Application of
Sewage Sludge: A Guide
for Land Appliers on the
VEGETATION
Nitrogen
ORGANIC
AMENDMENT
APPLICATION
RATE
Domestic biosolids
Ryegrass
Composted municipal 7.5, 15, 22.5, 30
biosolids
g kg-1
Eutric sandy
Cambisol
Corn
Liquid aerobically
digested biosolids
11.2 Mg ha-1
Silt loam soil
Field/Tennessee Valley
Northern hardwood
forest
Municipal biosolids
4–8 Mg ha-1
NA
Model/Hubbard Brook
Experimental Forest,
New Hampshire
Northern hardwood
forest
Municipal biosolids
NA
NA
Grassland
Liquid biosolids
> 22.5 Mg ha-1
Sandy
Model/Hubbard Brook
Experimental Forest,
New Hampshire
Field (drainage water
assay)/Netherlands
Fescue
Composted biosolids
0, 7.5, 15, 30 and
60% by volume
Amended with three
soils: loamy sand,
sandy loam, and clay
Pot study/NA
Biosolids
0.3% 45 g-1 peat
Three Spanish peats
Laboratory/NA
Biosolids
NA
NA
Summary/NA
4
Sand, sandy clay
STUDY TYPE/
LOCATION
Pine
NA
5.5–50 Mg ha-1
SOIL TYPE
Field (groundwater and
soil assay)/southwestern
South Carolina
Greenhouse/NA
NBMA Table of Abstracts
AUTHOR(S)/ YEAR
Environmental
Protection Agency,
1994
Epstein et al., 1978
Fresquez et al., 1990
Furrer and Stauffer,
1986
Gaggiani, 1991
Garau et al., 1991
Gavi et al., 1997
TITLE
Requirements of the
Federal Standards for
the Use or Disposal of
Sewage Sludge, 40 CFR
503 (Regulation No.
EPA831B93002B)
Plain English Guide to
the EPA Part 503
Biosolids Rule
(EPA8321B93002B)
Mineralization of
Nitrogen from Sewage
Sludge and Sludge
Compost
Sewage Sludge Effects
on Soil and Plant
Quality in a Degraded,
Semiarid Grassland
Influence of Sewage
Sludge and Slurry
Application on Nutrient
Leaching Losses
Effects of Land Disposal
of Municipal Sewage
Sludge on Soil,
Streambed Sediment and
Ground and Surface
Water Quality at a Site
Near Denver, Colorado
Nitrogen Mineralization
in Soil Amended with
Sewage Sludge and Fly
Ash
Effect of Sewage Sludge
and Ammonium Nitrate
on Wheat Yield and Soil
Profile Inorganic
Nitrogen Accumulation
VEGETATION
Nitrogen
ORGANIC
AMENDMENT
APPLICATION
RATE
SOIL TYPE
STUDY TYPE/
LOCATION
NA
Biosolids
NA
NA
Guide/NA
NA
Biosolids, biosolids
compost
0–1814 kg-N ha-1
Silt loam
Incubation/Washington,
DC
Blue grama, galleta,
bottlebrush
squirreltail
Anaerobically
digested biosolids
22.5, 45, 90 Mg ha-1
Fine silty
Field/Rio Puerco
Watershed, New Mexico
Grass
Biosolids, pig slurry,
poultry manure
707, 1368, 471 kg-N
ha-1
Humus, clay, silt,
sand
Field (groundwater
assay)/Switzerland
Grazing land, grass,
brush
Biosolids applied
since 1969 as liquid
and cake, by burial
and plowing
408–634 t ha-1
Loams, where
Field/NA
applications occurred
NA
Aerobically digested
and sand bed dried
biosolids
20 Mg ha-1 of
biosolids + 50 and
500 Mg ha-1 of ash
Silty loam
Laboratory/NA
Winter wheat
Anaerobically
digested biosolids
0, 45, 90, 180, 270,
540 kg N ha-1 yr-1
Norge loam
Field/Stillwater,
Oklahoma
5
NBMA Table of Abstracts
AUTHOR(S)/ YEAR
Haith et al., 1992
Harrison et al., 1996
Hart and Nguyen,
1994
Nitrogen
TITLE
VEGETATION
Sludge Loading Rates
for Forest Land
Mechanisms of Negative
Impacts of Three Forest
Treatments on Nutrient
Availability
Conifer and
hardwood species
Douglas-fir, noble fir,
western white pine,
red alder
Biosolids
Various
Municipal biosolids,
pulp and paper
sludge
98 Mg ha-1 pulp and
paper sludge + 300
Mg ha-1 biosolids
10-year-old coppice
of big tooth aspen
Anaerobically
digested municipal
biosolids
500–600 kg N ha-1
NA
Hybrid cottonwood
Primary and
secondary pulp and
paper sludges
22–45 Mg ha-1
Sand
Field/Pack Forest,
Eatonville, Washington
Trees, grass
Biosolids
47–470 Mg ha-1
Sandy gravel
Overview/Pack Forest,
Eatonville, Washington
Hardwoods
Biosolids
25–125 wet Mg ha-1
@ 20% solids
Glacial till, glacial
outwash
Field (groundwater and
tree growth assay)/New
Hampshire
Barley straw
Straw, peat, sawdust,
farmyard manure,
green manure,
biosolids
0, 4.5, 9, 12 g N m-2; Typic Haplaquoll or Field/NA
and 0 and 80 kg N ha- Mollic Gleysol with a
1 yr-1
loamy topsoil
NA
Aerobically digested
biosolids, farmyard
manure
Soil combined with
organics to provide
100 mg C
Soil, Groundwater, and
Plant Resources in
Sludge-Treated Bigtooth
Aspen Sapling
Ecosystems
Henry, 1989
Nitrogen Dynamics of
Pulp and Paper Sludge
Amendment to Forest
Soils
Henry and Cole, 1986 Pack Forest Sludge
Demonstration Program:
History and Current
Activities
Hornbeck et al., 1979 Sludge Application to a
Northern Hardwood
Forest in New
Hampshire: Potential for
Dual Benefits?
Hyvönen et al., 1996 Modeling Long-Term
Carbon and Nitrogen
Dynamics in an Arable
Soil Receiving Organic
Matter
Iakimenko et al., 1996 Dynamic Transformation
of Sewage Sludge and
Farmyard Manure
Components. 1. Content
of Humic Substances
and Mineralization of
Organic Carbon and
ORGANIC
AMENDMENT
6
APPLICATION
RATE
SOIL TYPE
New York forest
regions
Alderwood series,
Indianola series
Sandy
STUDY TYPE/
LOCATION
Mathematical model/NA
Field/Cedar River
Watershed, Washington;
Pack Forest, Eatonville,
Washington;, Mt.
Pilchuck Tree Farm,
Washington
Field/Michigan
Incubation/Hammarby,
Sweden
NBMA Table of Abstracts
AUTHOR(S)/ YEAR
Insam and Merschak,
1997
Iwatsubo and
Nagayama, 1994
Keeney et al., 1985
Kelling et al., 1977
King, 1973
King, 1984
King and Morris,
1972
King and Morris,
1974
Klock, 1997
Koelliker and Miner,
TITLE
Nitrogen in Incubated
Soils
Nitrogen Leaching from
Forest Soil Cores After
Amending Organic
Recycling Products and
Fertilizers
Effects of Sewage Water
Spraying on Mineral
Cycling in a Forest
Ecosystem
Carbon Dioxide
Concentrations in Soil:
Effects on Nitrification,
Denitrification and
Associated Nitrous
Oxide Production
A Field Study of the Use
of Sewage Sludge: II
Mineralization and
Gaseous Loss of
Nitrogen in Soil-Applied
Liquid Sewage Sludge
Availability of Nitrogen
in Municipal, Industrial,
and Animal Wastes
Land Disposal of
Sewage Sludge: III. The
Effect on Soil Nitrate
Nitrogen Movement
Resulting from Surface
Application of Liquid
Sewage Sludge
Growth of Salt Sensitive
Bedding Plants in Media
Amended with
Composted Urban Waste
Desorption of Ammonia
VEGETATION
Beech, Norway
spruce
Nitrogen
ORGANIC
AMENDMENT
SOIL TYPE
STUDY TYPE/
LOCATION
300 kg N ha-1
Rendzinas on
dolomitic limestone
Field/NA
Pinus thumbergii and Sewage water
Alnus firma
effluent
plantation
724 kg N ha-1
Infertile, derived
from deeply
weathered granite
Field/NA
Corn
NA
NA
Plano silt loam
Incubation/NA
Rye
Liquid digested
biosolids
Liquid bisolids
3.8–60 Mg ha-1
Sandy loam, silt loam Field (soil assay)/
Wisconsin
Sandy loam
Laboratory/Georgia
NA
Bermuda grass, rye
Aerobically and
anaerobically
digested biosolids
Biosolids
1000–5000 kg-N ha-1 Sandy clay loam
Field (groundwater and
soil assay)/Georgia
Grass
Liquid biosolids
2.5 cm @ 2–3%
solids
Greenhouse (soil
column)/Georgia
Impatiens,
snapdragon
Composted biosolids
NA
Swine wastes
25, 30, 60, 100%
Potting media
compost with various included: compost,
other potting media
vermiculite, perlite,
sphagnum peat moss
NA
NA
NA
NA
Composted MSW,
composted biosolids,
Biovin®, Biosol®
APPLICATION
RATE
7
6.4 cm @ 7–10%
solids
Sandy loam
Sandy clay loam
Incubation/North
Carolina
Greenhouse, pot
experiment/NA
Field/NA
NBMA Table of Abstracts
AUTHOR(S)/ YEAR
TITLE
1973
Kofoed and Klausen,
1986
from Anaerobic Lagoons
Leaching of Nutrients
from Sewage Sludge and
Animal Manure
Application of
Anaerobically Digested
Sewage Sludge to
Dryland Winter Wheat
Sewage Sludge as Labile
Carbon and Nitrogen
Sources
Nitrogen Mineralization
Potential and Nitrogen
Transformations of
Sludge-Amended Soil
Evaluation of the
Potential to Dispose of
Sewage Sludge. II.
Potential for Off-Site
Movements of Solids
and Solutes
Nitrogen Availability
from Sewage Sludge
Lerch et al., 1990
Lerch et al., 1992
Lindemann and
Cardenas, 1984
Loch et al., 1995
Magdoff and
Amadon, 1980
McClaugherty et al.,
1982
McDonald, 1994
Medalie et al., 1994
The Role of Fine Roots
in the Organic Matter
and Nitrogen Budgets of
Two Forested
Ecosystems
Growth and Foliar
Nutrition of Western
Red Cedar Fertilized
with Sewage Sludge,
Pulp Sludge, Fish Silage
and Wood Ash on
Northern Vancouver
Island
Nutrient Leaching
VEGETATION
Nitrogen
ORGANIC
AMENDMENT
APPLICATION
RATE
SOIL TYPE
STUDY TYPE/
LOCATION
Barley, beets, grass,
oats
Biosolids, animal
manure
35–65 Mg ha-1
Clay, sand
Field/Denmark
Winter wheat
Anaerobically
digested biosolids
0, 6.7, 13.4, 26.8,
40.2 Mg ha-1
Weld loam
Field/Colorado
NA
Municipal biosolids
from seven locations
in USA
Gamma-radiated,
dried, anaerobically
digested biosolids
0.5 g biosolids/ 50 g
of dry soil
Sandy loam soil
Laboratory/Colorado
0,15, 30 g kg-1
Sand, clay
Field (soil assay)/New
Mexico
Pinus
Municipal biosolids
90 Mg ha-1
Lateritic podzolic,
yellow podzolic, and
soloth (Great Soil
Series)
Lab, field)/southeast
Queensland, Australia
Corn, hay
Liquid aerobically
treated secondary
biosolids
NA
50, 100, 150, 200 kg
N ha-1 yr-1
Hadley sandy loam,
Nellis loam
Laboratory/near
Richmond, Vermont
NA
Entic Haplorthods
(Spodosol) of the
Gloucester series
Field/NA
9-year-old Thuja
plicata plantation
Biosolids, pulp
sludge, fish silage,
wood ash,
combinations
500 kg N ha-1
Poor drained Ferro
Field/Port McNeill,
Humic Podzol, sandy British Columbia,
loam
Canada
Northern hardwood
Liquid aerobically
0–14.5 Mg ha-1
Very stony fine sandy Field/New Hampshire
NA
Red pine plantation,
mixed hardwood
stand
8
NBMA Table of Abstracts
AUTHOR(S)/ YEAR
Melkas et al., 1985
Menelik et al., 1991
Menelik et al., 1994
Mills and Zwarich,
1982
Moffat et al., 1991
Myrold, 1988
O'Brien and Mitsch,
1980
TITLE
Following Land
Application of
Aerobically Digested
Municipal Sewage
Sludge in a Northern
Hardwood Forest
Leaching Resulting from
Application of Sewage
Sludge to Land
Yield and Elemental
Composition of Wheat
Grain as Influenced by
Source and Rate of
Nitrogen
Corn Yield and Nitrogen
Uptake as Influenced by
Tillage and Applied
Nitrogen
Movement and Loss of
Nitrate Following Heavy
Applications of Sewage
Sludge to a Poorly
Drained Soil
The Effects of Sewage
Sludge on Growth and
Foliar and Soil
Chemistry in Pole Stage
Corsican Pine in
Ringwood Forest,
Dorset, UK
Denitrification in
Ryegrass and Winter
Wheat Cropping
Systems of Western
Oregon
Root Zone Nitrogen
Simulation Model for
Land Application of
VEGETATION
Nitrogen
ORGANIC
AMENDMENT
APPLICATION
RATE
SOIL TYPE
STUDY TYPE/
LOCATION
forest
digested, limed
municipal biosolids
loam
Cereal crops
Dewatered municipal 16–20 Mg ha-1
biosolids
Clay
Field (soil assay)/
Finland
Wheat
Anaerobically
0–90 kg N ha-1
digested biosolids,
(one lime
conditioned; the other
lime stabilized)
Anaerobically
150 kg available N
digested polymerha-1
conditioned biosolids
Sandy loam soil
Field/Atlantic coastal
plain region, Virginia
Cereal crops
Digested biosolids
200–500 Mg ha-1
Fine textured soil
Field (groundwater and
soil assay)/Winnipeg,
Manitoba, Canada
Corsican pine
Liquid digested
biosolids
200–400 m3 ha-1
Gley Podzol
Field, growth study/
Dorset, United Kingdom
Ryegrass, winter
wheat
NA
NA
Dayton silt loam
Field/Willamette Valley,
Oregon
NA
NA
NA
NA
Simulation model/NA
Corn
9
Groseclose soils, fine Field/NA
textured
NBMA Table of Abstracts
AUTHOR(S)/ YEAR
Otoma and Kuboi,
1985
Polan et al., 1993
Powlson, 1993
Prescott et al., 1993
Riekerk, 1978
Ritter et al., 1992
Sabey et al., 1975
Sabey et al., 1977
TITLE
Sewage Sludges
Model Simulation of
Solute Leaching and Its
Application for
Estimating the Net Rate
of Nitrate Formation
Under Field Conditions
Use of Sludge Compost
from Wastewater as a
Substrate for
Containerized Forest
Plants
Understanding the Soil
Nitrogen Cycle
Long Term Effects of
Sewage Sludge and
Inorganic Fertilizers on
Nutrient Turnover in
Litter in a Coastal
Douglas-fir Forest
The Behavior of
Nutrient Elements
Added to a Forest Soil
with Sewage Sludge
Land Application of
Lime Stabilized Septage
Land Application of
Sewage Sludge: III.
Nitrate Accumulation
and Wheat Growth
Resulting from Addition
of Sewage Sludge and
Wood Wastes to Soils
Land Application of
Sewage Sludge: IV.
Wheat Growth, N
Content, N Fertilizer
VEGETATION
Nitrogen
ORGANIC
AMENDMENT
APPLICATION
RATE
SOIL TYPE
STUDY TYPE/
LOCATION
NA
NA
NA
NA
Simulation model/NA
Jack pine
Composted biosolids
20, 40, 60, 80%
compost replacing
peat moss
Greenhouse/Plattsburgh,
Quebec, Canada
NA
NA
NA
Potting media
consisting of various
combinations of
composted biosolids,
peat moss, and
vermiculite
NA
Douglas-fir
Anaerobically
digested dewatered
biosolids
142 dry Mg ha-1
Well-drained
Inceptisols
Field/Pack Forest,
Eatonville, Washington
Douglas-fir
NA
247 Mg ha-1
Sandy gravel
Field (groundwater and
soil assay)/Pack Forest,
Eatonville, Washington
Corn
Lime-stabilized
septage
Anaerobically
digested biosolids,
wood waste
66,300 and 747,000
L ha-1
224 Mg ha-1
Evesboro loamy sand Field/near Georgetown,
Delaware
Clay loam
Lab and greenhouse
(groundwater and soil
assay)/Colorado
Biosolids, wood
waste
22.4–224 Mg ha-1
Clay loam
Wheat
Wheat
10
General/NA
Greenhouse/Colorado
NBMA Table of Abstracts
AUTHOR(S)/ YEAR
Serna and Pomares,
1992
Shepherd, 1996
Sherwood, 1986
Sidle and Kardos,
1979
Sikora and
Yakovchenko, 1996
Simpson et al., 1983
Sims, 1990
Smith and Hadley,
1992
TITLE
VEGETATION
Value, and N Use
Efficiency as Influenced
by Sewage Sludge and
Wood Waste Mixtures
Nitrogen Mineralization NA
of Sludge Amended Soil
Factors Affecting Nitrate
Leaching from Sewage
Sludges Applied to a
Sandy Soil in Arable
Agriculture
Nitrate Leaching
Following Application
of Slurry and Urine to
Field Plots
Nitrate Leaching in a
Sludge-Treated Forest
Soil
Soil Organic Matter
Mineralization After
Compost Amendment
Nitrogen
ORGANIC
AMENDMENT
APPLICATION
RATE
SOIL TYPE
STUDY TYPE/
LOCATION
Aerobic and
anaerobically
digested biosolids
Raw liquid solids,
digested liquid
biosolids, dewatered
digested cake
50 Mg ha-1
Grass
Pig and cattle slurry
300–1700 kg-N ha-1
Loam, clay
Field (soil assay)/
Ireland
Mixed hardwood
Anaerobically
digested biosolids
13–27 Mg ha-1
Clay loam
Field (soil assay)/
Pennsylvania
NA
Sassafras sandy loam
Lab/NA
54–108 Mg ha-1
Cordus loam
Field/Fletcher, North
Carolina
250–398 kg N ha-1
Kalmia loamy sand,
Laboratory,
Sassafras sandy loam, greenhouse/NA
Matapeake silt loam
250 Kg N ha-1
Sandy loam
Winter and spring
barley
Wheat straw
Composted biosolids
(raw, lime-stabilized
biosolids and wood
chips), co-compost
Paper Mill Sludges, Coal Rye, forage sorghum, Primary and
Fly Ash, and Surplus
corn
secondary P&P
Lime Mud as Soil
sludges/coal fly
Amendments on Crop
Production
Nitrogen Mineralization Wheat
Co-compost,
and Elemental
composted biosolids
Availability in Soils
(biosolids and wood
Amended with Cochips)
Composted Sewage
Sludge
Nitrogen Fertilizer
Summer cabbage
Activated biosolidsValue of Activated
derived protein
Sewage Derived Protein:
(Protox)
Effect of Environment
11
250 kg N ha-1
Mixed with a horizon Laboratory/NA
of Xerorthent (sandy
loam)
Loamy medium sand Field/Nottinghamshire,
over medium sand
United Kingdom
(Cuckney series)
Field, greenhouse/NA
NBMA Table of Abstracts
AUTHOR(S)/ YEAR
Sommers, 1977
Sommers et al., 1979
Soon et al., 1978
Spalding et al., 1993
Stanford and Smith,
1972
Stednick and
Wooldridge, 1979
Steenvoorden, 1985
Stewart et al., 1975
TITLE
and Nitrification
Inhibitor on NO3Release, Soil Microbial
Activity and Yield of
Summer Cabbage
Chemical Composition
of Sewage Sludges and
Analysis of Their
Potential Use as
Fertilizers
Transformations of
Carbon, Nitrogen, and
Metals in Soils Treated
with Waste Materials
Land Application of
Chemically Treated
Sewage Sludge: I.
Effects on Crop Yield
and Nitrogen
Availability
Effects of Sludge on
Groundwater Nitrate
Concentrations
Nitrogen Mineralization
Potentials of Soils
Effects of Liquid
Digested Sludge on the
Soil of a Douglas-Fir
Forest
Nutrient Leaching
Losses Following
Application of Farm
Slurry and Water
Quality Consideration in
the Netherlands
Nitrate Nitrogen
Distribution in Corn
Land Following
VEGETATION
Nitrogen
ORGANIC
AMENDMENT
APPLICATION
RATE
SOIL TYPE
STUDY TYPE/
LOCATION
NA
NA
NA
NA
Quality study/NA
NA
Various biosolids,
antibiotic processing
wastes
22–90 Mg ha-1
Silt loam, silty clay
loam
Lab (soil column)/
Indiana
Corn, bromegrass
Anaerobically
digested biosolids
200–1600 kg-N ha-1
Loamy sand, loam,
clay loam
Field /Ontario, Canada
Corn
Aerobically digested
biosolids
NA
Fine sandy loam, silt
loam
Field/NA
NA
NA
Various
Various
Lab (incubation)/NA
Douglas-fir
Liquid digested
biosolids
34 Mg ha-1
Sandy gravel
Field (groundwater and
soil assay)/NA
Fodder maize
Cattle slurry
50–300 wet Mg ha-1
yr-1 for 9 yr @ 11%
solids
Sandy, loam
(Netherlands)
Field (groundwater
assay)/Pack Forest,
Eatonville, Washington
Corn
Anaerobically
digested biosolids
1.25–5 cm @ 7%
solids
Loam
Field (soil assay)/
Ontario, Canada
12
NBMA Table of Abstracts
AUTHOR(S)/ YEAR
Terry et al., 1981
Tindall et al., 1994
Unwin, 1986
Vogt et al., 1981
Weetman et al., 1993
Wells et al., 1986
Wells et al., 1986
TITLE
Application of Digested
Sewage Sludge
Nitrogen
Transformations in
Sewage SludgeAmended Soils as
Affected by Soil
Environmental Factors
Effects of Land Disposal
of Municipal Sewage
Sludge on the Fate of
Nitrates in Soil,
Streambed Sediment and
Water Quality
Leaching of Nitrate
After Application of
Organic Manures,
Lysimeter Studies
Nitrate Leaching in Soils
After Sludge Application
Responses of Western
Hemlock, Pacific Silver
Fir, Western Red Cedar
Plantations on the
Northern Vancouver
Island to Applications of
Sewage Sludge and
Inorganic Fertilizer
Effect of Sewage Sludge
from Two Sources on
Element Flux in Soil
Solution of Loblolly
Pine Plantations
Nitrification and
Leaching of Forest Soil
in Relation to
Application of Sewage
Sludge Treated with
VEGETATION
Nitrogen
ORGANIC
AMENDMENT
APPLICATION
RATE
SOIL TYPE
STUDY TYPE/
LOCATION
NA
Dry biosolids
NA
Silt loam, fine silty
Incubation/Indiana
mixed, silty clay, fine
loamy mixed
Grazing land, grass,
brush
Biosolids, applied
since 1969 as liquid
and cake by burial
and plowing
408–634 Mg ha-1
Loams (where
applications
occurred)
Field/Colorado
Barley, potatoes,
beets
Poultry manure, pig
slurry, cattle slurry
1054 kg-N ha-1
Stony loamy sand
Field (groundwater and
soil assay)/United
Kingdom
Douglas-fir, oats
Biosolids
190–470 Mg ha-1
Sandy gravel
Western hemlock,
Pacific silver fir,
western red cedar
Municipal biosolids
225 or 500 kg N ha-1
NA.
Field/Pack Forest,
Eatonville, Washington
Field/between Port
McNeill and Port Hardy,
British Columbia,
Canada
Pine
Biosolids
5.5–50 Mg ha-1
Sand, clay
Field (soil assay)/South
Carolina
Pine
Biosolids
300–600 kg-N ha-1
Loamy sand
Field (soil assay)/South
Carolina
13
NBMA Table of Abstracts
AUTHOR(S)/ YEAR
Wen et al., 1997
Zabowski and Henry,
1994
Zasoski et al., 1984
TITLE
VEGETATION
Sulfuric Acid and
Nitrification Inhibitor
Effects of Irradiation on NA
Sludge Organic Carbon
and Nitrogen
Mineralization
Soil and Foliar Nitrogen Ponderosa pine
After Fertilizer
Treatment of Ponderosa
Pine
Municipal Sewage
Douglas-fir
Sludge Use in Forests of
the Pacific Northwest,
U.S.A.: Environmental
Concerns
Nitrogen
ORGANIC
AMENDMENT
APPLICATION
RATE
SOIL TYPE
STUDY TYPE/
LOCATION
Anaerobically
digested dewatered
biosolids
NA
Lisbon loamy sand
Lab (incubation)/
Guelph, Ontario, Canada
Municipal biosolids
225 or 240 kg N ha-1
Goddard sandy
skeletal
Field/eastside of
Cascade Mountains,
Washington
Municipal biosolids
47–470 Mg ha-1
Sandy gravel
Field/western
Washington
Reference: Henry, C., and R. Harrison. 1998. Environmental Effects of Biosolids Management. Northwest Biosolids Management
Association.
14