MUNICIPAL MAINTENANCE
MUNICIPAL MAINTENANCE
QUALITATIVE RESULTS
Municipality: City of Antioch
Permit Year: (2007/2008)
Introduction:
The goal of Municipal Maintenance is to optimize pollutant removal from the municipal
storm sewer system and watercourses during routine maintenance activities and to
prevent or minimize discharges to storm drains and watercourses from road
maintenance, parks, corporation yards, and other publicly owned facilities and activities.
This is accomplished through various best management practices (BMPs) including
street sweeping; debris removal and cleaning of catch basins, trash racks, and other
municipal structures; integrated pest management (IPM); channel maintenance; and ongoing employee training and education.
There are approximately 120 people in the Public Works Department and, in some
aspect, each of them are responsible for implementing the Municipal Maintenance
Performance Standards. The principal contact for all Municipal Maintenance activities
related to permit compliance is Phil Hoffmeister, Administrative Analyst – (925) 7797035.
Implementation & Evaluation:
Street Cleaning and Routine Inspection and Cleaning performance standards continue
to be the most effective in preventing, removing, and reducing pollutants from entering
the storm water system. The following is the estimated amount of pollutants removed
for street sweeping and storm facilities cleaning combined: copper: 452 lbs., lead: 336
lbs., nickel: 108 lbs., zinc: 1,205 lbs., total petroleum hydrocarbons: 11,112 lbs., and oil
& grease: 24,267 lbs. These performance standards were responsible for removing an
estimated 2,870 cubic yards of pollutants from City streets by sweeping them up before
they entered the storm drain system, and removing approximately 1,610 cubic yards of
pollutants from publicly owned storm facilities. Collected material from both street
sweeping and publicly owned storm facilities is staged at the City’s former sewer
treatment plant off Fulton Shipyard Rd. The material is then removed by Allied Waste,
Inc. and disposed at their facilities.
In 2007/2008, approximately 10,670 curb miles of City streets were swept. As a result,
an estimated 2,870 cubic yards of debris was removed. Based on that total amount of
debris removed during sweeping, the following amounts of specific pollutants were
removed: 0.10 lbs. of PCBs; 0.19 lbs. of mercury; 361 lbs. of copper; 131 lbs. of lead;
108 lbs. of nickel; 575 lbs. of zinc; 7,028 lbs. of total petroleum hydrocarbons; and
15,334 lbs. of oil and grease. Those values are calculated from the conclusions of a
street sweeping survey conducted by the Contra Costa Clean Water Program in
reporting year 2006-07. As a result, TCVs have been revised; therefore, establishing
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trends at this time cannot be completely accurate. However, as compared to last year’s
TCV values, it appears that the amount of removed material has increased slightly. As
long as the TCV methodology remains constant, future TCVs shall be compared to this
year’s. For more information on the Street Sweeping Survey, please see Volume I,
Section 5 of the Program Report.
Residential neighborhood streets are swept once a month, while major arterials and
streets with above average traffic are swept twice a month or once a week. Street
sweeping schedules are available to residents upon request (the schedule for this
activity has not changed from the previous reporting year. For a copy of the street
sweeping schedule please see last year’s report). The map/schedule is also available
for download at the City website at: http://www.ci.antioch.ca.us/CityGov/PublicWorks/.
Street sweeping activities and scheduling appear to be effective in removing debris;
however, the largest problem that prevents complete sweeping activities is obstructions.
Most obstructions are parked cars but other things like trailers, construction zones and
barriers, and temporary road signs, also contribute to the problem. Notices have been
sent out reminding residents and construction crews of the street sweeping schedule in
their area and to keep the street clear during those days. In addition, residential streets
that have a more frequent sweeping schedule, for example L Street, have been posted
with permanent “No Parking” signs for a certain time of sweeping. Additional efforts for
having residential streets cleared are being explored in the City of Antioch Illegal
Dumping Committee (see IDCA section). Industrial and commercial areas are vacant
during early morning hours and thus did not need signs. Given the amount of material
that is being removed during street sweeping, implementation of the street sweeping
performance standards appear to be effective.
There are approximately 6,838 catch basins in the City of Antioch. In 2007/08, a total of
832 catch basins were inspected and cleaned. Other infrastructure that was inspected
and cleaned include 16 culverts, 14.4 miles of V-ditches, 8.9 miles of constructed
channels, 25 miles of natural watercourses, and 4 trash racks. As a result, an
estimated total 1,610 cubic yards of debris was removed from those infrastructures.
Based on that total amount, the following amounts of specific pollutants were removed:
91 lbs. of copper; 205 lbs. of lead; 630 lbs. of zinc; 4,084 lbs. of total petroleum
hydrocarbons; and 8,933 lbs. of oil & grease. As noted in the street sweeping results,
these TCVs cannot be directly compared to last year’s. Future years will be compared
to these results. Routine cleaning and maintenance of storm facilities appear to be
effective.
Litter prevention is recognized as an integral part in reducing a diversion of City
resources. The solid waste and storm water programs have combined efforts to inform
everyone of the importance of properly disposing trash (see PEIO section of this annual
report for specific types and numbers of items distributed). Maintenance crews are
constantly removing trash from public areas. A total of approximately 6,485 tons (4,000
cubic yards) of material was collected and disposed from City litter receptacles this past
year.
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Selected areas of creek channels are maintained by the City, while County Flood
Control maintains the remaining creek areas. In some of those City-maintained areas,
overgrowth has occurred and mechanical harvesting and manual labor is performed.
Control of growth is maintained in those reclaimed areas by spraying of some
herbicides. However, mixing of product is done so that plants are not killed; rather, only
the growth is slowed (usually <1.5% solution). The active herbicide ingredient used is
glysophate. This approach is effective at controlling growth while preserving the life of
the plant, and at the same time, reduces the amount of herbicides applied from what
potentially could be used. The City of Antioch has a General NPDES permit for Aquatic
Pesticide Applications, and was granted a Statewide Implementation Plan (SIP)
exception for copper-based applications at the City-owned and operated reservoir. The
City of Antioch continues to participate in the Regional Pesticide Monitoring Program
(RPMP) for the application of aquatic pesticides. The RPMP consists of the Contra
Costa County Public Works, Alameda County Public Works, Zone 7-Alameda County
Flood Control and Water Conservation District, and the City of Walnut Creek. A
separate annual report for Aquatic Pesticides is submitted separately to this MS4
annual report.
When graffiti is determined to be a public nuisance, it is evaluated for the appropriate
removal method. Three options are available for removal; those are: 1) No action, 2)
Paint over to match existing surface, or 3) Complete removal and repaint. In all cases,
weather and wind speed and direction are taken into consideration. If it is too windy or
rain is forecast, work is rescheduled to reduce the likelihood of drift. In cases of
complete removal, the area is covered with drop cloths, the closest storm drain inlets
protected, and the paint is sandblasted. The particles are collected with a wet/dry
vacuum or transferred into a refuse receptacle. The surface is resurfaced, if needed,
and then repainted. The debris is then brought back to the maintenance yard and
properly disposed. Contractors doing major work on behalf of the City contain suitable
clauses regarding practices to diminish the risk of storm water contamination such as
keeping the work area clean, use of drop cloths, drain inlet protection, and proper
disposal of residual materials.
Road repair and maintenance is a seasonal activity. Most of the repair and maintenance
work is scheduled from spring to fall. As such, work is not performed during rainy
weather and thus reduces the chance of run-off. When inclement weather is
forecasted, repair activities are rescheduled if possible. If repair activities cannot be
rescheduled, proper storm water precautions are taken. Whenever possible, catch basin
inlets are completely covered during road work to prevent any debris or fluids from
entering the storm drain system. If the catch basins cannot be completely covered,
diaper bags, baffles, and gravel bags are placed in and around the inlet(s). During
concrete and asphalt cutting activities, a minimal amount of water usage is preferred.
Cuttings are removed using a wet/dry vacuum and disposed properly.
As presented in the Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan for the Maintenance
Services Center, the primary person responsible for implementing municipal
maintenance facilities BMPs is the Director of Public Works. Annual facility inspections
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are performed by the NPDES Compliance Manager. General BMPs continue to be
implemented by doing the following:
1) All trash enclosures and dumpsters be covered and protected from roof
and surface drainage;
2) All areas used for washing, pressure washing, maintenance, repair, or
processing shall have impermeable surfaces and containment berms, roof
covers, and discharge into the sanitary sewer;
3) Fuel dispensing areas must be on impermeable surfaces extending 10
to 12 feet beyond the actual dispensing area and covered. The
dispensing area must have a spill cleanup plan, routine cleaning near
dispensers, and routine inspections of equipment for proper functioning
and leak prevention;
4) Oils, fuels, solvents, coolants, and other chemicals stored outdoors
must be in containers and protected from drainage by secondary
containment structures such as double walled tanks;
5) Efficient irrigation, appropriate landscape design and proper
maintenance be implemented to reduce excess irrigation runoff, promote
surface filtration, and minimize use of fertilizers, herbicides, and
pesticides;
6) To the extent practicable, drainage from paved surfaces shall be routed
through grassy swales, buffer strips or sand filters prior to discharge to the
storm drain system;
7) A parking lot sweeping program be implemented that, at a minimum,
provides for sweeping immediately prior to, and once during, the storm
season; and
8) All storm drain inlets within the project site be labeled by stenciling,
branding or plaques reading "No Dumping - Drains to River".
The Vehicle Maintenance Facility is covered by a General Industrial Activity NPDES
permit and is operated under a separate SWPPP. Employees are trained in proper
operating and maintenance procedures. Contents of the facility safety manual and
SWPPP are reviewed, as are employee health and safety issues. All employees have
access to the Facility Safety Manual and Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan. All
vehicles are washed in the vehicle wash rack. The drain for the wash rack is connected
to an oil/water separator and sanitary sewer system.
The City of Antioch operates a municipal golf course. BMP information has been
provided which covers alternative fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides, water conservation,
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and recycling. The golf course pilot study was performed by the Contra Costa Clean
Water Program through the Watershed Assessment and Monitoring sub-committee.
The study concluded that no impacts to surface water could be determined from either
traditional or organic fertilizers as long as proper BMPs were followed. Some examples
include, maintaining proper grass height, applying fertilizer according to manufacturer
specifications, applying at appropriate times (weather), and proper irrigation. Those
results have been forwarded to all golf course operators within Contra Costa County.
Water is pumped from the City’s intake at the San Joaquin River and/or purchased from
the Contra Costa Water District and stored in the municipal reservoir. When
consumption exceeds normal supply, the City uses that stored water to offset the
impact. The City applies copper sulfate at its municipal water supply reservoir to control
algal blooms. A total of 900 lbs of copper sulfate were used last year and 45 gallons of
cutrine. Compared to last year, that is an increase of 600 of copper sulfate and 30
gallons of cutrine. Through the RPMP, the City continues to investigate alternatives to
copper-based algaecides and in FY 2006-07 the City installed three (3) Solar Bees
(model SB10000v12PW) at the municipal reservoir. These were installed to help
minimize the formation of Blue-Green algae. Solar Bees operate on solar power and
work pump water to help circulation which in turn keep Blue Green algae in check. The
models used at the reservoir operate 24 hours a day and can circulate 10,000 gal/min.
Some applications of copper sulfate and cutrine are still needed during massive algal
blooms. However, the installation of the Solar Bees has reduced the amount of copper
needed. Prior to installation, in FY 2005-06, 1,400 lbs of CuSO4 and 45 gallons of
cutrine were applied.
More information on the Solar Bee can be seen at
www.solarbee.com.
The City of Antioch does not use any pesticides containing diazinon. As an alternative
to using pesticides to control aphid populations, approximately 40,000 ladybugs were
released at various park facilities.
A total of 26 City public works employees attended 2 Clean Water Program sponsored
workshops and/or training seminars. Over 100 public works employees took part in
outside agency training.
When practicable, the City uses the “bait and trap” method rather than spray
applications. This approach helps reduce overspray and potential run-off of pesticides.
Native plant species and drought tolerant vegetation are preferred when designing
proposed vegetated medians, roadside landscaping, and parks.
Modifications:
Based on the effectiveness of the MUNI PSs, no modifications appear to be needed at
this time.
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Fiscal Year 2007/2008 Goals:
The City will continue to effectively prevent, remove, and reduce pollutants by
complying with all applicable Municipal Maintenance performance standards. Street
sweeping schedules and locations will continue to be evaluated to ensure effectiveness,
and facility BMPs will continue to be evaluated as well. IPM will also continue to be
implemented as well as employee training and updates.
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MUNICIPAL MAINTENANCE – QUANTITATIVE RESULTS
Industrial
Areas
Commercial
Areas
Residential
Areas
59
75
480
614
Number of curb miles swept
1025
1303
8341
10669
Total volume of material removed through
sweeping (cubic yards)
276
351
2244
2670
Description
Total
Street Sweeping
Total number of curb miles within Agency’s
jurisdiction
Preliminary Estimated Mass (Dry Weight) of Constituents Removed by Street Sweeping
Total PCBs (lbs)
.10
Total Mercury (lbs)
.19
Total Copper (lbs)
360.99
Total Lead (lbs)
130.98
Total Nickel (lbs)
108.62
Total Zinc (lbs)
575.03
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (lbs)
7028.20
Total Oil and Grease (lbs)
15334.25
Publicly Owned Storm Drain Facilities
Total Number of Storm Drain Facilities
Inlets
619
785
5434
6838
Culverts (miles)
0
0
0.23
0.23
V-Ditches/Roadside Ditches (miles)
0
0
34.0
34.0
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Pump Stations
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Industrial
Areas
Description
Constructed Channels (1) (miles)
0.95
Commercial
Areas
1.
0.95
2.
Residential
Areas
Total
7.6
3.
8.9
5.
25.0
Natural Watercourses (2) (miles)
4.
.9
1.7
22.4
Trash Racks
6.
0
0
4
10
138
684
832
0
40
25
65
Culverts
0
0
16
16
V-Ditches/roadside ditches (miles)
0
0
14.4
14.4
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Constructed Channels (1) (miles)
0.95
0.95
7.6
8.9
Natural Watercourses (2) (miles)
0.9
1.7
22.4
25.0
Trash racks
0
0
4
4
Number of Illegal Dumping Hot Spots
identified during Routine Inspections
0
2
0
2
7.
4
Number of Storm Drain Facilities Inspected/Cleaned
Inlets
Number of Storm Drain Inlets requiring
more frequent cleaning
Pump stations
Number of Pump Station Maintenance
inspections
Volume of Material Removed from Storm Drain Facility Cleaning (cubic yards)
Inlets
Culverts
V-Ditches/roadside ditches
2.0
21.0
82.0
105
0
0
12.0
12.0
8.
0
9.
0
10.
465
11.
465
Pump stations
12.
N/A
13.
N/A
14.
N/A
15.
N/A
Constructed Channels (1)
16.
23
17.
288
18.
557
19.
868
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Description
Natural Watercourses (2)
Trash racks
20.
Industrial
Areas
Commercial
Areas
Residential
Areas
8
57
87
0
0
8.7
Total
152
21.
8.7
Preliminary Estimated Mass (Dry Weight) of Constituents Removed by Storm Drain Facility Cleaning
Total Copper (lbs)
3.5
22.67
65.03
91.2
Total Lead (lbs)
4.31
52.38
148.41
205.1
Total Zinc (lbs)
N/A
283.58
346.85
630.43
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (lbs)
81.57
1518.13
2484.66
4084.36
Total Oil and Grease (lbs)
158.32
1824.38
6950.38
8933.08
0
0
0
0a
Miscellaneous Municipal Activities
Number of Municipal Maintenance Facility Inlets
Stenciled/Marked with the “No Dumping”
Message
Number of Municipal Maintenance Facility
Inspections for Leaky Vehicles and Equipment
964
Total Volume of Material Collected from Litter
Receptacles
4000
Pesticide/Herbicide Use
Total quantity of pesticides/herbicides
applied (lbs)
Total quantity of pesticides/herbicides
applied (gallons)
126
Total quantity of pesticides/herbicides
applied with copper as an active ingredient
(lbs)
16141
16141
389
540
900
a
New residential subdivisions and commercial projects are responsible for installing stencils. Municipal staff
replaced all reported failing stencils 2 years ago with new buttons. For a detail of the button, please see the MUNI
section 2005-06 permit reporting year annual report.
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Description
Industrial
Areas
Commercial
Areas
Residential
Areas
Total
Total quantity of pesticides/herbicides
applied with copper as an active ingredient
(gallons)
45
Total quantity of pesticides/herbicides
applied with diazinon as an active ingredient
(lbs)
0
Total quantity of pesticides/herbicides
applied with diazinon as an active ingredient
(gallons)
0
Fertilizer Use
Total amount of fertilizer applied (lbs)
Total amount of fertilizer applied (gallons)
168,000
168,000
4
4
Number of Employees Attending Municipal Maintenance Training/Workshops
Municipal training/workshops
129
Program training/workshops
26
Other
(1) Constructed Channels – A constructed channel means a constructed pathway for conveying stormwater
runoff. The constructed channel may be earthen, rock or concrete lined. It is differentiated from a “v-ditch” in so
much as it has a defined bed.
(2) Natural Watercourses – A natural watercourse means a natural pathway for conveying stormwater runoff
within defined bed and banks.
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