Additional Mathematics
Formula that are within the syllabus and which need to be learnt.
The remainder theorem
Given the polynomial f(x), then remainder when f(x) is divided by (x – a) is f(a).
The factor theorem
If the remainder when f(x) is divided by (x – a) is 0, then (x – a) is a factor of f(x) and x = a is a root
of the equation f(x) = 0
Solution of quadratic equations
By formula and completing the square
For the quadratic equation ax 2 bx c 0
x
b b 2 4ac
2a
Binomial expansion
Know how to derive terms in the expansions of (1 + x)n and (a + b)n where n is a positive integer.
n
n!
The coefficients may be expressed in the form nCr
r r !(n r )!
n
n
Be aware that nCr nCn r
r
nr
Coordinate Geometry
Straight line
Know the forms of the straight line, including
y mx c
y y1 m( x x1 )
y y1
x x1
y2 y1 x2 x1
Condition for parallel lines: m1 m2
Condition for perpendicular lines: m1 m2 1
Distance between two points ( x1 , y1 ), ( x2 , y2 )
x1 x2 y1 y2
2
2
x x y y
Midpoint of two points ( x1 , y1 ), ( x2 , y2 ) 1 2 , 1 2
2
2
The Circle
x a y b
2
© MEI
2
r 2 has centre (a, b) and radius r.
Additional Mathematics Formula sheet. Draft 1
Page 1
Trigonometry
In a right-angled triangle:
opposite
adjacent
opposite
, cos
, tan
hypotenuse
hypotenuse
adjacent
Identities:
sin
sin
cos
2
sin cos 2 1
tan =
Sin rule:
a
b
c
SinA SinB SinC
Cos rule:
a 2 b 2 c 2 2bc cos A
cos A
b2 c2 a 2
2bc
Calculus
y ax n
dy
nax n 1
dx
Stationary points occur when
dy
0
dx
b
Area under curve between x a and x b is y dx
a
Kinematics
Constant acceleration formulae
1
s ut at 2
2
u v t
s
2
v u at
v 2 u 2 2as
© MEI
Additional Mathematics Formula sheet. Draft 1
Page 2